Hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） is one of leading causes of death in the world. Although various treatments have been developed, the therapeutic side effects are far from desirable. Chinese medicines（CMs, including p...Hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） is one of leading causes of death in the world. Although various treatments have been developed, the therapeutic side effects are far from desirable. Chinese medicines（CMs, including plants, animal parts and minerals） have drawn a great deal of attention in recent years for their potential in the treatment of HCC. Most studies have shown that CMs may be able to retard HCC progression with multiple actions, either alone or in combination with other conventional therapies to improve quality of life in HCC patients. Additionally, CMs are used for preventing HCC occurrence. The aim of this study is to review the potential prophylactic and curative effects of CMs on human HCC and the possible mechanisms that underlie these pharmacological actions. Publications were collected and reviewed from Pub Med and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from 2000 to 2014. Keywords for literature searches include ＂Chinese medicine＂, ＂Chinese herb＂, ＂traditional Chinese Medicine＂, ＂hepatocellular carcinoma＂ and ＂liver cancer＂. CMs in forms of pure compounds, isolated fractions, and composite formulas are included. Combination therapies are also considered. Both in vitro and in vivo efficacies of CMs are being discussed and the translational potential to bedside is to be discussed with clinical cases, which show the actions of CMs on HCC may include tumor growth inhibition, antimetastatic activities, anti-inflammation, anti-liver cancer stem cells, reversal on multi-drug resistance and induction/reduction of oxidative stress. Multiple types of molecules are found to contribute in the above actions. The review paper indicated that CMs might have potential to both prevent HCC occurrence and retard HCC progression with several molecular targets involved.展开更多
Primary liver cancer(PLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. PLC is characterized by insidious onset, rapid progress, poor quality of life, and short survival time. Notably, current treatment strateg...Primary liver cancer(PLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. PLC is characterized by insidious onset, rapid progress, poor quality of life, and short survival time. Notably, current treatment strategies remain unsatisfactory. Traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) have been used to treat a variety of diseases, including liver diseases, for more than 2000 years. In this study, we performed a review of the use frequency and clinical efficacy of TCM in treating PLC. Relevant literature from January 1, 2009, to January 1, 2021 was retrieved from network databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Chongqing VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, and SinoMed. The most frequently used TCM and their efficacy in PLC treatment were summarized. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 33 articles were selected. Overall, the efficacy of the combination of TCM and Western medicines in the treatment of PLC was higher than that in the control groups(i.e. treatment with Western medicines alone)(65.11% vs.44.31%, P <.05). Among the 33 selected articles, 11 were investigated for TCM preparation(marketed drugs) and 22 for TCM formulas. In total, 102 types of TCM(single herbs) were used to treat PLC. The top five most frequently used TCM were Poria(14.71%), Astragali radix(13.73%), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma(12.75%), Bupleuri radix(12.75%), and Glycyrrhizae radix et Rhizoma(11.76%). Of the 102 types of TCM, tonics were the most frequently used categories, followed by heat-clearing medicines, blood-invigorating medicines, and stasis-resolving medicines. Of 207 papers, 174(84.06%) could not be subjected to statistical analysis due to research quality. Further high-quality research on herb sources, formula components and dosage, toxicology, and ethics of TCM is necessary. In conclusion, TCM play a promising role in the treatment and management of PLC, although further investigations are warranted.展开更多
One new triterpenoid, 3β-[(E)-caffeoyloxy]-D:C-friedooleana-7,9(11)-dien-29-oic acid(1) and nine known triterpenoids identified as cucurbitacin B(2), 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin B(3), 23,24-dihydrocu-curbitacin D(4), c...One new triterpenoid, 3β-[(E)-caffeoyloxy]-D:C-friedooleana-7,9(11)-dien-29-oic acid(1) and nine known triterpenoids identified as cucurbitacin B(2), 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin B(3), 23,24-dihydrocu-curbitacin D(4), cucurbitacin D(5), cucurbalsaminol A(6), 3-epi-isocucurbitacin D(7), curbitacin G(8), cucurbitacin J(9) and cucurbitacin I(10) were purified from Trichosanthes cucumeroides. Their structures were confirmed by spectroscopic data analysis and comparison with previous literature. All compounds were obtained from T. cucumeroides for the first time.展开更多
A new monoterpenoid,4,5,8-trihydroxy-6（7）-en-decenoic acid γ-lactone（1） and six known compounds,3,7-dimethyloct-1-ene-3,6,7-triol（2）,2,8-bornanediol（3）,1-（4-hydroxyphenyl）ethane-1,2-diol（4）,2-（3-methoxy-...A new monoterpenoid,4,5,8-trihydroxy-6（7）-en-decenoic acid γ-lactone（1） and six known compounds,3,7-dimethyloct-1-ene-3,6,7-triol（2）,2,8-bornanediol（3）,1-（4-hydroxyphenyl）ethane-1,2-diol（4）,2-（3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl）-propane-1,3-diol（5）,indole-3-carboxylic acid（6）,and 3-hydroxy-benzenemethanol（7） were isolated from the whole parts of Teucrium viscidum.Their structures were established by a combination of spectroscopic data analysis,besides comparison with literature data.Compounds 2–7 described above were isolated from this genus for the first time.展开更多
Because of its high-precision,low-cost and easy-operation,Precise Point Positioning(PPP)becomes a potential and attractive positioning technique that can be applied to self-driving cars and drones.However,the reliabil...Because of its high-precision,low-cost and easy-operation,Precise Point Positioning(PPP)becomes a potential and attractive positioning technique that can be applied to self-driving cars and drones.However,the reliability and availability of PPP will be significantly degraded in the extremely difficult conditions where Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)signals are blocked frequently.Inertial Navigation System(INS)has been integrated with GNSS to ameliorate such situations in the last decades.Recently,the Visual-Inertial Navigation Systems(VINS)with favorable complementary characteristics is demonstrated to realize a more stable and accurate local position estimation than the INS-only.Nevertheless,the system still must rely on the global positions to eliminate the accumulated errors.In this contribution,we present a semi-tight coupling framework of multi-GNSS PPP and Stereo VINS(S-VINS),which achieves the bidirectional location transfer and sharing in two separate navigation systems.In our approach,the local positions,produced by S-VINS are integrated with multi-GNSS PPP through a graph-optimization based method.Furthermore,the accurate forecast positions with S-VINS are fed back to assist PPP in GNSS-challenged environments.The statistical analysis of a GNSS outage simulation test shows that the S-VINS mode can effectively suppress the degradation of positioning accuracy compared with the INS-only mode.We also carried out a vehicle-borne experiment collecting multi-sensor data in a GNSS-challenged environment.For the complex driving environment,the PPP positioning capability is significantly improved with the aiding of S-VINS.The 3D positioning accuracy is improved by 49.0%for Global Positioning System(GPS),40.3%for GPS+GLOANSS(Global Navigation Satellite System),45.6%for GPS+BDS(BeiDou navigation satellite System),and 51.2%for GPS+GLONASS+BDS.On this basis,the solution with the semi-tight coupling scheme of multi-GNSS PPP/S-VINS achieves the improvements of 41.8-60.6%in 3D position-ing accuracy compared with the multi-GNSS PPP/INS solutions.展开更多
Accurate positioning and navigation play a vital role in vehicle-related applications,such as autonomous driving and precision agriculture.With the rapid development of Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),Precis...Accurate positioning and navigation play a vital role in vehicle-related applications,such as autonomous driving and precision agriculture.With the rapid development of Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),Precise Point Positioning(PPP)technique,as a global positioning solution,has been widely applied due to its convenient operation.Nevertheless,the performance of PPP is severely affected by signal interference,especially in GNSS-challenged environments.Inertial Navigation System(INS)aided GNSS can significantly improve the continuity and accuracy of navigation in harsh environments,but suffers from degradation during GNSS outages.LiDAR(Laser Imaging,Detection,and Ranging)-Inertial Odometry(LIO),which has performed well in local navigation,can restrain the divergence of Inertial Measurement Units(IMU).However,in long-range navigation,error accumulation is inevitable if no external aids are applied.To improve vehicle navigation performance,we proposed a tightly coupled GNSS PPP/INS/LiDAR(GIL)integration method,which tightly integrates the raw measurements from multi-GNSS PPP,Micro-Electro-Mechanical System(MEMS)-IMU,and LiDAR to achieve high-accuracy and reliable navigation in urban environments.Several experiments were conducted to evaluate this method.The results indicate that in comparison with the multi-GNSS PPP/INS tightly coupled solution the positioning Root-Mean-Square Errors(RMSEs)of the proposed GIL method have the improvements of 63.0%,51.3%,and 62.2%in east,north,and vertical components,respectively.The GIL method can achieve decimeter-level positioning accuracy in GNSS partly-blocked environment(i.e.,the environment with GNSS signals partly-blocked)and meter-level positioning accuracy in GNSS difficult environment(i.e.,the environment with GNSS hardly used).Besides,the accuracy of velocity and attitude estimation can also be enhanced with the GIL method.展开更多
基金supported in part by grants from the research council of the University of Hong Kongthe Research Grant Committee (RGC) of Hong Kong SAR of China+1 种基金the Open Project of Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine (Grant No. WDCM001)Wong’s donation for modern oncology of Chinese medicine (Project Code: 20006276)
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） is one of leading causes of death in the world. Although various treatments have been developed, the therapeutic side effects are far from desirable. Chinese medicines（CMs, including plants, animal parts and minerals） have drawn a great deal of attention in recent years for their potential in the treatment of HCC. Most studies have shown that CMs may be able to retard HCC progression with multiple actions, either alone or in combination with other conventional therapies to improve quality of life in HCC patients. Additionally, CMs are used for preventing HCC occurrence. The aim of this study is to review the potential prophylactic and curative effects of CMs on human HCC and the possible mechanisms that underlie these pharmacological actions. Publications were collected and reviewed from Pub Med and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from 2000 to 2014. Keywords for literature searches include ＂Chinese medicine＂, ＂Chinese herb＂, ＂traditional Chinese Medicine＂, ＂hepatocellular carcinoma＂ and ＂liver cancer＂. CMs in forms of pure compounds, isolated fractions, and composite formulas are included. Combination therapies are also considered. Both in vitro and in vivo efficacies of CMs are being discussed and the translational potential to bedside is to be discussed with clinical cases, which show the actions of CMs on HCC may include tumor growth inhibition, antimetastatic activities, anti-inflammation, anti-liver cancer stem cells, reversal on multi-drug resistance and induction/reduction of oxidative stress. Multiple types of molecules are found to contribute in the above actions. The review paper indicated that CMs might have potential to both prevent HCC occurrence and retard HCC progression with several molecular targets involved.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81874356)the Open Project of Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research from Hubei University of Medicine(WDCM2018002,WDCM201917,WDCM201918)+1 种基金the Chinese Medicine Project of Health Commission of Hubei Province(ZY2021010)the Foundation for Innovative Research Team of Hubei University of Medicine(2018YHKT01)。
文摘Primary liver cancer(PLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. PLC is characterized by insidious onset, rapid progress, poor quality of life, and short survival time. Notably, current treatment strategies remain unsatisfactory. Traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) have been used to treat a variety of diseases, including liver diseases, for more than 2000 years. In this study, we performed a review of the use frequency and clinical efficacy of TCM in treating PLC. Relevant literature from January 1, 2009, to January 1, 2021 was retrieved from network databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Chongqing VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, and SinoMed. The most frequently used TCM and their efficacy in PLC treatment were summarized. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 33 articles were selected. Overall, the efficacy of the combination of TCM and Western medicines in the treatment of PLC was higher than that in the control groups(i.e. treatment with Western medicines alone)(65.11% vs.44.31%, P <.05). Among the 33 selected articles, 11 were investigated for TCM preparation(marketed drugs) and 22 for TCM formulas. In total, 102 types of TCM(single herbs) were used to treat PLC. The top five most frequently used TCM were Poria(14.71%), Astragali radix(13.73%), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma(12.75%), Bupleuri radix(12.75%), and Glycyrrhizae radix et Rhizoma(11.76%). Of the 102 types of TCM, tonics were the most frequently used categories, followed by heat-clearing medicines, blood-invigorating medicines, and stasis-resolving medicines. Of 207 papers, 174(84.06%) could not be subjected to statistical analysis due to research quality. Further high-quality research on herb sources, formula components and dosage, toxicology, and ethics of TCM is necessary. In conclusion, TCM play a promising role in the treatment and management of PLC, although further investigations are warranted.
基金Hubei Provincial Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Science and Technology Innovation Team Project(Grant No.T201813)。
文摘One new triterpenoid, 3β-[(E)-caffeoyloxy]-D:C-friedooleana-7,9(11)-dien-29-oic acid(1) and nine known triterpenoids identified as cucurbitacin B(2), 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin B(3), 23,24-dihydrocu-curbitacin D(4), cucurbitacin D(5), cucurbalsaminol A(6), 3-epi-isocucurbitacin D(7), curbitacin G(8), cucurbitacin J(9) and cucurbitacin I(10) were purified from Trichosanthes cucumeroides. Their structures were confirmed by spectroscopic data analysis and comparison with previous literature. All compounds were obtained from T. cucumeroides for the first time.
基金Hubei Provincial Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Science and Technology Innovation Team Project(Grant No.T201813)
文摘A new monoterpenoid,4,5,8-trihydroxy-6（7）-en-decenoic acid γ-lactone（1） and six known compounds,3,7-dimethyloct-1-ene-3,6,7-triol（2）,2,8-bornanediol（3）,1-（4-hydroxyphenyl）ethane-1,2-diol（4）,2-（3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl）-propane-1,3-diol（5）,indole-3-carboxylic acid（6）,and 3-hydroxy-benzenemethanol（7） were isolated from the whole parts of Teucrium viscidum.Their structures were established by a combination of spectroscopic data analysis,besides comparison with literature data.Compounds 2–7 described above were isolated from this genus for the first time.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41774030,Grant 41974027)the Hubei Province Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2018CFA081)+1 种基金the National Youth Thousand Talents Program,the frontier project of basic application from Wuhan science and technology bureau(Grant No.2019010701011395)the Sino-German mobility programme(Grant No.M-0054).
文摘Because of its high-precision,low-cost and easy-operation,Precise Point Positioning(PPP)becomes a potential and attractive positioning technique that can be applied to self-driving cars and drones.However,the reliability and availability of PPP will be significantly degraded in the extremely difficult conditions where Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)signals are blocked frequently.Inertial Navigation System(INS)has been integrated with GNSS to ameliorate such situations in the last decades.Recently,the Visual-Inertial Navigation Systems(VINS)with favorable complementary characteristics is demonstrated to realize a more stable and accurate local position estimation than the INS-only.Nevertheless,the system still must rely on the global positions to eliminate the accumulated errors.In this contribution,we present a semi-tight coupling framework of multi-GNSS PPP and Stereo VINS(S-VINS),which achieves the bidirectional location transfer and sharing in two separate navigation systems.In our approach,the local positions,produced by S-VINS are integrated with multi-GNSS PPP through a graph-optimization based method.Furthermore,the accurate forecast positions with S-VINS are fed back to assist PPP in GNSS-challenged environments.The statistical analysis of a GNSS outage simulation test shows that the S-VINS mode can effectively suppress the degradation of positioning accuracy compared with the INS-only mode.We also carried out a vehicle-borne experiment collecting multi-sensor data in a GNSS-challenged environment.For the complex driving environment,the PPP positioning capability is significantly improved with the aiding of S-VINS.The 3D positioning accuracy is improved by 49.0%for Global Positioning System(GPS),40.3%for GPS+GLOANSS(Global Navigation Satellite System),45.6%for GPS+BDS(BeiDou navigation satellite System),and 51.2%for GPS+GLONASS+BDS.On this basis,the solution with the semi-tight coupling scheme of multi-GNSS PPP/S-VINS achieves the improvements of 41.8-60.6%in 3D position-ing accuracy compared with the multi-GNSS PPP/INS solutions.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 41774030,Grant 41974027,and Grant 41974029)the Hubei Province Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 2018CFA081)+1 种基金the frontier project of basic application from Wuhan science and technology bureau(Grant 2019010701011395)the Sino-German mobility programme(Grant No.M-0054).
文摘Accurate positioning and navigation play a vital role in vehicle-related applications,such as autonomous driving and precision agriculture.With the rapid development of Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),Precise Point Positioning(PPP)technique,as a global positioning solution,has been widely applied due to its convenient operation.Nevertheless,the performance of PPP is severely affected by signal interference,especially in GNSS-challenged environments.Inertial Navigation System(INS)aided GNSS can significantly improve the continuity and accuracy of navigation in harsh environments,but suffers from degradation during GNSS outages.LiDAR(Laser Imaging,Detection,and Ranging)-Inertial Odometry(LIO),which has performed well in local navigation,can restrain the divergence of Inertial Measurement Units(IMU).However,in long-range navigation,error accumulation is inevitable if no external aids are applied.To improve vehicle navigation performance,we proposed a tightly coupled GNSS PPP/INS/LiDAR(GIL)integration method,which tightly integrates the raw measurements from multi-GNSS PPP,Micro-Electro-Mechanical System(MEMS)-IMU,and LiDAR to achieve high-accuracy and reliable navigation in urban environments.Several experiments were conducted to evaluate this method.The results indicate that in comparison with the multi-GNSS PPP/INS tightly coupled solution the positioning Root-Mean-Square Errors(RMSEs)of the proposed GIL method have the improvements of 63.0%,51.3%,and 62.2%in east,north,and vertical components,respectively.The GIL method can achieve decimeter-level positioning accuracy in GNSS partly-blocked environment(i.e.,the environment with GNSS signals partly-blocked)and meter-level positioning accuracy in GNSS difficult environment(i.e.,the environment with GNSS hardly used).Besides,the accuracy of velocity and attitude estimation can also be enhanced with the GIL method.
