The dissolved organic matter(DOM)with high mobility and reactivity plays a crucial role in soil.In this study,the characteristics and phytotoxicity ofDOMreleased fromthe hydrochars prepared from different feedstocks(c...The dissolved organic matter(DOM)with high mobility and reactivity plays a crucial role in soil.In this study,the characteristics and phytotoxicity ofDOMreleased fromthe hydrochars prepared from different feedstocks(cowmanure,corn stalk and Myriophyllum aquaticum)under three hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)temperatures(180,200 and 220°C)were evaluated.The results showed that the hydrochars had high dissolved organic carbon content(20.15 to 37.65 mg/g)and its content showed a gradual reduction as HTC temperature increased.Three fluorescent components including mixed substance of fulvic acid-like and humic acid-like substances(C1,30.92%-58.32%),UVA humic acid-like substance(C2,25.27%-29.94%)and protein-like substance(C3,11.74%-41.92%)were identified in hydrochar DOM by excitation emission matrix spectra coupled with parallel factor analysis.High HTC temperature increased the relative proportion of aromatic substances(C1+C2)and humification degree of hydrochar DOM from cow manure,while it presented adverse effects on the hydrochar DOM from corn stalk and Myriophyllum.aquaticum.The principal component analysis suggested that feedstock type and HTC temperature posed significant effects on the characteristics of hydrochar DOM.Additionally,seed germination test of all hydrochar DOM demonstrated that the root length was reduced by 8.88%-26.43%in contrast with control,and the germination index values were 73.57%-91.12%.These findings provided new insights into the potential environmental effects for hydrochar application in soil.展开更多
BACKGROUND Through deeper understanding of targetable driver mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)over the past years,some patients with driver mutations have benefited from the targeted molecular therapies.A...BACKGROUND Through deeper understanding of targetable driver mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)over the past years,some patients with driver mutations have benefited from the targeted molecular therapies.Although the anaplastic lymphoma kinase and BRAF mutations are not frequent subtypes in NSCLC,the availability of several targeted-drugs has been confirmed through a series of clinical trials.But little is clear about the proper strategy in rare BRAF G469A mutation,not to mention co-exhibition of anaplastic lymphoma kinase and BRAF G469A mutations,which is extremely rare in NSCLC.CASE SUMMARY We present a patient to stage IVA lung adenocarcinoma with coexisting echinoderm microtubule associated protein like-4 rearrangement and BRAF G469A mutation.She received several targeted drugs with unintended resistance and suffered from unbearable adverse events.CONCLUSION Due to the rarity of co-mutations,the case not only enriches the limited literature on NSCLC harbouring BRAF G469A and echinoderm microtubule associated protein like-4 mutations,but also suggests the efficacy and safety of specific multiple-drug therapy in such patients.展开更多
Cigar line Beinhart 1000-1 has effective durable resistance to black shank(BS) and is considered one of the most resistant sources in tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.). To investigate the inheritance and identification of...Cigar line Beinhart 1000-1 has effective durable resistance to black shank(BS) and is considered one of the most resistant sources in tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.). To investigate the inheritance and identification of stable quantitative trait loci(QTL) for BS response, F2,BC1 F2 individuals and BC1 F2:3 lines were produced from a cross between Beinhart 1000-1 and Xiaohuangjin 1025. Two major quantitative trait loci(M-QTL) named qBS7 and qBS17 were repeatedly detected under different conditions. QTL qBS7 was mapped to the region between PT30174 and PT60621 and explained 17.40%–25.60% of the phenotypic variance under different conditions. The other QTL qBS17 in interval PT61564–PT61538 of linkage group 17 was detected in a BC1 F2 population in the field and in BC1 F2:3 in both the field and at the seedling stage, explaining 6.90% to 11.60% of the phenotypic variance. The results improve our understanding of the inheritance of resistance to BS and provide information that can be used in marker-assisted breeding.展开更多
This paper builds the formulations of hyperplastic damage theory for rate-independent geomaterials to describe the bulk and the likely damage behavior of granular materials. Using 2 kinematic internal variables and th...This paper builds the formulations of hyperplastic damage theory for rate-independent geomaterials to describe the bulk and the likely damage behavior of granular materials. Using 2 kinematic internal variables and the conjugates, dissipative and yield function can be reasonably introduced. A systematic constitutive presentation of 32 possible ways within the thermodynamical damage framework is presented, which entirely formulates the constitutive behavior through two scalar thermodynamic potentials. Combining the four common thermodynamical energy functions, two independent kinematic internal variables and the accordingly generalized stress are introduced to describe the damage behavior and structural rearrangement of the granules for any bulk deformation. A few Legendre transformations are used to establish the links between energy functions so that the complex incremental response of geomaterials can be entirely established from these four energy functions. The constitutive relations are built with the thermodynamics laws, which account for the important structural aspects of geomaterials. Some examples axe provided in the appendix to validate the applicability and implementation of the framework. This theory is based on previous work by Houlsby et al., and extends to the multi-mechanisms description. This framework paves a way in developing models for specific geomaterials with an examinable basis.展开更多
The anesthetic laryngoscope is one of the most popular medical tools for obtaining a clear view of the larynx and facilitates tracheal intubation. The number of anesthetic laryngoscope patents, coming mainly from the ...The anesthetic laryngoscope is one of the most popular medical tools for obtaining a clear view of the larynx and facilitates tracheal intubation. The number of anesthetic laryngoscope patents, coming mainly from the anesthesiologists, has rapidly increased. Each product has a specialized use for particular patients. However, it is unclear to what extent anesthetic laryngoscopy gained acceptance in operating theaters. By retrieving patent data for more than 90 countries from the Online Retrieval of Bibliographic Information Time-share(ORBIT) system, we reviewed the anesthetic laryngoscope patent literature published before July 6, 2015, and manually analyzed patent status, general development trends, areas of competition, technology patentees, and technology classifications. The study showed that the number of anesthetic laryngoscope patent applications has stayed at a high level in the last decade. Most patent activity was carried out in the USA, with China and a number of European countries trailing behind. In addition, the patent analysis provided an opportunity to understand the trends in the development of anesthetic laryngoscope technology, to identify shortcomings in clinical use of anesthetic laryngoscopes, to assist medical manufacturing specialists in improving the design and products, and to suggest to anesthesiologists modifications of the clinical signs of difficult tracheal intubation based on the new commercial anesthetic laryngoscopes applied in the front-line.展开更多
目的调查上海市闵行区社区老年人神经认知功能相关羞耻感及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法选择闵行区60岁以上居民作为调查对象,用中文版社区失智筛查感知问卷(Chinese version of Perceptions Regarding Investigational Scre...目的调查上海市闵行区社区老年人神经认知功能相关羞耻感及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法选择闵行区60岁以上居民作为调查对象,用中文版社区失智筛查感知问卷(Chinese version of Perceptions Regarding Investigational Screening for Memory in Primary Care,C-PRISM-PC)及一般资料调查问卷对辖区2528名社区老人进行调查分析。结果闵行区社区老年人神经认知功能相关羞耻感较轻,得分为(26.18±14.54)分;单因素分析显示不同年龄、婚姻状态、职业、月收入的社区老年人在神经认知功能低羞耻感的得分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);非条件logistic回归显示高收入、从事非体力劳动和低年龄可能是老年人神经认知功能相关羞耻感的保护因素。结论应充分认识社区老年人的神经认知功能相关羞耻感,引导老年人正确科学认识。展开更多
Naturally deposited or residual soils exhibit more complicated behavior than remolded clays. A dual-surface damage model for structured soils is developed based on the thermodynamics framework established in our first...Naturally deposited or residual soils exhibit more complicated behavior than remolded clays. A dual-surface damage model for structured soils is developed based on the thermodynamics framework established in our first paper. The shift stresses and the transformation between the generalized dissipative stress space and actual stress space are established following a systematic procedure. The corresponding constitutive behavior of the proposed model is determined, which reflects the internal structural configuration and damage behavior for geomaterials. Four evolution variables κj^i（i=D, R;j=V, S） and the basic parameters λ, s, v and e0 are introduced to account for the progressive loss of internal structure for natural clays. A series of fully triaxial tests and isotropic compression tests are performed for structured and reconstituted samples of Beijing and Zhengzhou natural clays. The validation of the proposed model is examined by comparing the numerical results with the experimental data.展开更多
The Himalayan-Tibetan orogen is the youngest and arguably most spectacular of all the continent-continent collisional belts on the Earth. There are not only north-south extrusions but also east-west extensions in the ...The Himalayan-Tibetan orogen is the youngest and arguably most spectacular of all the continent-continent collisional belts on the Earth. There are not only north-south extrusions but also east-west extensions in the Tibetan Plateau. All these phenomena are the results of the Indian plate subducting into the Eurasia plate about 70 Ma ago （Yin and Harrison, 2000）, but the deep dynamics mechanism is still an enigma. Exploring the crust and upper mantle structure of Tibetan plateau and revealing the process and the effect of collision are crucial for solving the puzzle of the Tibet uplift and the continent-continent collision. This research is based on the data from the 360km-long Dagze-Deqen-Domar profile, which can be divided into two sections. The Dagze-Deqen section traverses the Nyainqntanglha Mountains and the Yadong-Gulu rift, the biggest rift in the Tibet. The Deqen-Domar section crosses Lhasa terrane and Qiangtang terrane. We study the transverse density structure of the crust and mantle beneath the Dagze-Deqen-Domar profile using a joint gravity-seismic inversion technique in order to obtain the Moho and the asthenospheric configuration beneath the profile and understand the deep dynamics mechanism of the Yadong-Gulu rift.展开更多
基金supported by the Director Fund Project provided by the Institute of Plant Nutrition,Resources and Environment,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(No.YZS202101)the Youth Fund Project provided by Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(No.QNJJ202125)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA.
文摘The dissolved organic matter(DOM)with high mobility and reactivity plays a crucial role in soil.In this study,the characteristics and phytotoxicity ofDOMreleased fromthe hydrochars prepared from different feedstocks(cowmanure,corn stalk and Myriophyllum aquaticum)under three hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)temperatures(180,200 and 220°C)were evaluated.The results showed that the hydrochars had high dissolved organic carbon content(20.15 to 37.65 mg/g)and its content showed a gradual reduction as HTC temperature increased.Three fluorescent components including mixed substance of fulvic acid-like and humic acid-like substances(C1,30.92%-58.32%),UVA humic acid-like substance(C2,25.27%-29.94%)and protein-like substance(C3,11.74%-41.92%)were identified in hydrochar DOM by excitation emission matrix spectra coupled with parallel factor analysis.High HTC temperature increased the relative proportion of aromatic substances(C1+C2)and humification degree of hydrochar DOM from cow manure,while it presented adverse effects on the hydrochar DOM from corn stalk and Myriophyllum.aquaticum.The principal component analysis suggested that feedstock type and HTC temperature posed significant effects on the characteristics of hydrochar DOM.Additionally,seed germination test of all hydrochar DOM demonstrated that the root length was reduced by 8.88%-26.43%in contrast with control,and the germination index values were 73.57%-91.12%.These findings provided new insights into the potential environmental effects for hydrochar application in soil.
基金Supported by the Medical Education Collaborative Innovation Fund of Jiangsu University,No.JDY2022015。
文摘BACKGROUND Through deeper understanding of targetable driver mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)over the past years,some patients with driver mutations have benefited from the targeted molecular therapies.Although the anaplastic lymphoma kinase and BRAF mutations are not frequent subtypes in NSCLC,the availability of several targeted-drugs has been confirmed through a series of clinical trials.But little is clear about the proper strategy in rare BRAF G469A mutation,not to mention co-exhibition of anaplastic lymphoma kinase and BRAF G469A mutations,which is extremely rare in NSCLC.CASE SUMMARY We present a patient to stage IVA lung adenocarcinoma with coexisting echinoderm microtubule associated protein like-4 rearrangement and BRAF G469A mutation.She received several targeted drugs with unintended resistance and suffered from unbearable adverse events.CONCLUSION Due to the rarity of co-mutations,the case not only enriches the limited literature on NSCLC harbouring BRAF G469A and echinoderm microtubule associated protein like-4 mutations,but also suggests the efficacy and safety of specific multiple-drug therapy in such patients.
基金supported by grants from the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (ASTIP-TRIC01)National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571738)
文摘Cigar line Beinhart 1000-1 has effective durable resistance to black shank(BS) and is considered one of the most resistant sources in tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.). To investigate the inheritance and identification of stable quantitative trait loci(QTL) for BS response, F2,BC1 F2 individuals and BC1 F2:3 lines were produced from a cross between Beinhart 1000-1 and Xiaohuangjin 1025. Two major quantitative trait loci(M-QTL) named qBS7 and qBS17 were repeatedly detected under different conditions. QTL qBS7 was mapped to the region between PT30174 and PT60621 and explained 17.40%–25.60% of the phenotypic variance under different conditions. The other QTL qBS17 in interval PT61564–PT61538 of linkage group 17 was detected in a BC1 F2 population in the field and in BC1 F2:3 in both the field and at the seedling stage, explaining 6.90% to 11.60% of the phenotypic variance. The results improve our understanding of the inheritance of resistance to BS and provide information that can be used in marker-assisted breeding.
基金the Major Research of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.90715035)HI-Tech Research and Development Program of China(Code 2007AA11Z132).
文摘This paper builds the formulations of hyperplastic damage theory for rate-independent geomaterials to describe the bulk and the likely damage behavior of granular materials. Using 2 kinematic internal variables and the conjugates, dissipative and yield function can be reasonably introduced. A systematic constitutive presentation of 32 possible ways within the thermodynamical damage framework is presented, which entirely formulates the constitutive behavior through two scalar thermodynamic potentials. Combining the four common thermodynamical energy functions, two independent kinematic internal variables and the accordingly generalized stress are introduced to describe the damage behavior and structural rearrangement of the granules for any bulk deformation. A few Legendre transformations are used to establish the links between energy functions so that the complex incremental response of geomaterials can be entirely established from these four energy functions. The constitutive relations are built with the thermodynamics laws, which account for the important structural aspects of geomaterials. Some examples axe provided in the appendix to validate the applicability and implementation of the framework. This theory is based on previous work by Houlsby et al., and extends to the multi-mechanisms description. This framework paves a way in developing models for specific geomaterials with an examinable basis.
基金supported by the Major Projects in Soft Science Research Fund in Shanghai(Nos.14692107400 and 16692107000)the Medical Science and Technology Innovation Research on Development in Shanghai Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission Scientific Research Found Projects(No.201606)+3 种基金the National Basic Research Program(973)of China(No.2013CB531601)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30972633)the Shanghai Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission Scientific Research Found Projects(No.201640253)the Academic Leader in Climbing Program from Yangpu Center Hospital(No.YE2201608),China
文摘The anesthetic laryngoscope is one of the most popular medical tools for obtaining a clear view of the larynx and facilitates tracheal intubation. The number of anesthetic laryngoscope patents, coming mainly from the anesthesiologists, has rapidly increased. Each product has a specialized use for particular patients. However, it is unclear to what extent anesthetic laryngoscopy gained acceptance in operating theaters. By retrieving patent data for more than 90 countries from the Online Retrieval of Bibliographic Information Time-share(ORBIT) system, we reviewed the anesthetic laryngoscope patent literature published before July 6, 2015, and manually analyzed patent status, general development trends, areas of competition, technology patentees, and technology classifications. The study showed that the number of anesthetic laryngoscope patent applications has stayed at a high level in the last decade. Most patent activity was carried out in the USA, with China and a number of European countries trailing behind. In addition, the patent analysis provided an opportunity to understand the trends in the development of anesthetic laryngoscope technology, to identify shortcomings in clinical use of anesthetic laryngoscopes, to assist medical manufacturing specialists in improving the design and products, and to suggest to anesthesiologists modifications of the clinical signs of difficult tracheal intubation based on the new commercial anesthetic laryngoscopes applied in the front-line.
文摘目的调查上海市闵行区社区老年人神经认知功能相关羞耻感及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法选择闵行区60岁以上居民作为调查对象,用中文版社区失智筛查感知问卷(Chinese version of Perceptions Regarding Investigational Screening for Memory in Primary Care,C-PRISM-PC)及一般资料调查问卷对辖区2528名社区老人进行调查分析。结果闵行区社区老年人神经认知功能相关羞耻感较轻,得分为(26.18±14.54)分;单因素分析显示不同年龄、婚姻状态、职业、月收入的社区老年人在神经认知功能低羞耻感的得分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);非条件logistic回归显示高收入、从事非体力劳动和低年龄可能是老年人神经认知功能相关羞耻感的保护因素。结论应充分认识社区老年人的神经认知功能相关羞耻感,引导老年人正确科学认识。
基金the Major Research of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.90715035)HI-Tech Research and Development Program of China(Code 2007AA11Z132).
文摘Naturally deposited or residual soils exhibit more complicated behavior than remolded clays. A dual-surface damage model for structured soils is developed based on the thermodynamics framework established in our first paper. The shift stresses and the transformation between the generalized dissipative stress space and actual stress space are established following a systematic procedure. The corresponding constitutive behavior of the proposed model is determined, which reflects the internal structural configuration and damage behavior for geomaterials. Four evolution variables κj^i（i=D, R;j=V, S） and the basic parameters λ, s, v and e0 are introduced to account for the progressive loss of internal structure for natural clays. A series of fully triaxial tests and isotropic compression tests are performed for structured and reconstituted samples of Beijing and Zhengzhou natural clays. The validation of the proposed model is examined by comparing the numerical results with the experimental data.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.40404011 and 40774051)National Probing Project (SinoProbe-02)the Basic outlay of scientific research work from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China in 2007, 2008, 2009
文摘The Himalayan-Tibetan orogen is the youngest and arguably most spectacular of all the continent-continent collisional belts on the Earth. There are not only north-south extrusions but also east-west extensions in the Tibetan Plateau. All these phenomena are the results of the Indian plate subducting into the Eurasia plate about 70 Ma ago （Yin and Harrison, 2000）, but the deep dynamics mechanism is still an enigma. Exploring the crust and upper mantle structure of Tibetan plateau and revealing the process and the effect of collision are crucial for solving the puzzle of the Tibet uplift and the continent-continent collision. This research is based on the data from the 360km-long Dagze-Deqen-Domar profile, which can be divided into two sections. The Dagze-Deqen section traverses the Nyainqntanglha Mountains and the Yadong-Gulu rift, the biggest rift in the Tibet. The Deqen-Domar section crosses Lhasa terrane and Qiangtang terrane. We study the transverse density structure of the crust and mantle beneath the Dagze-Deqen-Domar profile using a joint gravity-seismic inversion technique in order to obtain the Moho and the asthenospheric configuration beneath the profile and understand the deep dynamics mechanism of the Yadong-Gulu rift.
