Antibiotics,as emerging pollutants,pose significant risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health by disrupting the endocrine systems of aquatic organisms and affecting ecosystem stability through food chain enrichment...Antibiotics,as emerging pollutants,pose significant risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health by disrupting the endocrine systems of aquatic organisms and affecting ecosystem stability through food chain enrichment.In a study conducted in Hebei Province,China,liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry(LC-TQ-LIT-MS)was used to analyze 90 different antibiotics in 31 water samples,including surface water,groundwater,and waste leachate from three urban landfills.This analysis included hormones,broad-spectrum antimicrobials,macrolides,tetracyclines,β-lactams,sulfonamides,and quinolones.The study’s results indicated that quinolones,β-lactams,and macrolides were the most frequently detected substances in the landfills.It is noteworthy that the concentrations of these antibiotics varied significantly among different cities,reflecting local production and living characteristics.The results of the tests showed that the concentration of amoxicillin was 1171 ng/L in surface water,811 ng/L in groundwater,and 1926 ng/L of ciprofloxacin in waste leachate.Furthermore,a consistent pattern was observed between the compounds present in the leachate,groundwater,and surface water at the three sites.Risk assessments revealed that the ecological risk was higher for surface water and lower for groundwater.This study is the first to systematically analyze the pollution status of antibiotics and hormones in the water around the landfill in Hebei Province,which not only fills the blank of groundwater-related research in Hebei Province but also provides key data support and theoretical basis for local groundwater hydrological and environmental detection and pollution prevention.展开更多
With improvements in care of at-risk neonates, more and more children survive. This makes it increasingly important to assess, soon after birth, the prognosis of children with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Computed...With improvements in care of at-risk neonates, more and more children survive. This makes it increasingly important to assess, soon after birth, the prognosis of children with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Computed tomography, ultrasound, and conventional magnetic resonance imaging are helpful to diagnose brain injury, but cannot quantify white matter damage. In this study, ten full-term infants without brain injury and twenty-two full-term neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy （14 moderate cases and 8 severe cases） underwent diffusion tensor imaging to assess its feasibility in evaluating white matter damage in this condition. Results demonstrated that fractional anisotropy, voxel volume, and number of fiber bundles were different in some brain areas between infants with brain injury and those without brain injury. The correlation between fractional anisotropy values and neonatal behavioral neurological assessment scores was closest in the posterior limbs of the internal capsule. We conclude that diffusion tensor imaging can quantify white matter injury in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Primary liver cancer(PLC)is a major contributor to cancer-related deaths.Data on global and country-specific levels and trends of PLC are essential for understanding the effects of this disease and helping ...BACKGROUND Primary liver cancer(PLC)is a major contributor to cancer-related deaths.Data on global and country-specific levels and trends of PLC are essential for understanding the effects of this disease and helping policymakers to allocate resources.AIM To investigate the association between the burden of PLC and socioeconomic development status.METHODS Cancer mortality and incidence rates were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)2019,and the data were stratified by country and territory,sex,and the Socio-demographic Index(SDI)level.The association between the attributable etiology of PLC and socioeconomic development status,represented using the SDI,was described.The attributable etiology of PLC included hepatitis B,hepatitis C,alcohol use,and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.The association between the attributable etiology of PLC and SDI was further stratified by sex and geographical location.A confidence analysis was also performed based on bootstrap draw.RESULTS The age-standardized incidence rate of PLC was 6.5[95%confidence intervals(CI):5.9-7.2]per 100000 person-years,which decreased by-27.5%(-37.0 to-16.6)from 1990 to 2019.Several countries located in East Asia,South Asia,West Africa,and North Africa shouldered the heaviest burden of PLC in 2019.In terms of incidence rates,the first leading underlying cause of PLC identified was hepatitis B,followed by hepatitis C,alcohol use,and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.Regarding stratification using the SDI,the incidence rate of PLC was the highest for high and middle SDI locations.Further,the leading attributable etiologies of PLC were hepatitis B for the middle and high middle SDI locations while hepatitis C and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis for the high SDI locations.CONCLUSION The pronounced association between socioeconomic development status and PLC burden indicates socioeconomic development status affects attributable etiologies for PLC.GBD 2019 data are valuable for policymakers implementing PLC cost-effective interventions.展开更多
The authors are retracting this paper owing to errors in the reported data.The paper claimed that 16 patient cases were infected with H9N2 virus.However,when the authors recently further investigated all the thirteen ...The authors are retracting this paper owing to errors in the reported data.The paper claimed that 16 patient cases were infected with H9N2 virus.However,when the authors recently further investigated all the thirteen sera samples,no anti-H9N2 antibodies were found by the haemagglutination inhibition assay.Moreover,re-sequencing of the remaining five throat swabs showed all five samples were H1N1 virus.展开更多
The Yangtze River basin(YRB)experienced a record-breaking mei-yu season in June‒July 2020.This unique long-lasting extreme event and its origin have attracted considerable attention.Previous studies have suggested tha...The Yangtze River basin(YRB)experienced a record-breaking mei-yu season in June‒July 2020.This unique long-lasting extreme event and its origin have attracted considerable attention.Previous studies have suggested that the Indian Ocean(IO)SST forcing and soil moisture anomaly over the Indochina Peninsula(ICP)were responsible for this unexpected event.However,the relative contributions of IO SST and ICP soil moisture to the 2020 mei-yu rainfall event,especially their linkage with atmospheric circulation changes,remain unclear.By using observations and numerical simulations,this study examines the synergistic impacts of IO SST and ICP soil moisture on the extreme mei-yu in 2020.Results show that the prolonged dry soil moisture led to a warmer surface over the ICP in May under strong IO SST backgrounds.The intensification of the warm condition further magnified the land thermal effects,which in turn facilitated the westward extension of the western North Pacific subtropical high(WNPSH)in June‒July.The intensified WNPSH amplified the water vapor convergence and ascending motion over the YRB,thereby contributing to the 2020 mei-yu.In contrast,the land thermal anomalies diminish during normal IO SST backgrounds due to the limited persistence of soil moisture.The roles of IO SST and ICP soil moisture are verified and quantified using the Community Earth System Model.Their synergistic impacts yield a notable 32%increase in YRB precipitation.Our findings provide evidence for the combined influences of IO SST forcing and ICP soil moisture variability on the occurrence of the 2020 super mei-yu.展开更多
结直肠癌是世界高发和高致死率的恶性肿瘤。靶向新抗原的免疫治疗已被证实可以诱导癌症患者肿瘤持续消退,但这些特异性新抗原,仅适用于个体精准治疗。随着大量的高频肿瘤基因突变被发现,这些与突变相关的高频新抗原可覆盖更多人群,具有...结直肠癌是世界高发和高致死率的恶性肿瘤。靶向新抗原的免疫治疗已被证实可以诱导癌症患者肿瘤持续消退,但这些特异性新抗原,仅适用于个体精准治疗。随着大量的高频肿瘤基因突变被发现,这些与突变相关的高频新抗原可覆盖更多人群,具有较强的临床意义。然而目前结直肠癌中是否也存在高频新抗原仍不清楚。本研究利用来源于321个结直肠癌患者的体细胞突变数据库,联合1种标准过滤和7种预测算法,筛选并获得了25个基于中国人高频分型HLA-A^*1101限制性的高频新抗原,它们均具有高亲和力(IC50<50 nmol/L)和高呈递分值(>0.90);其中,除了阳性对照多肽KRAS_G12V8-16外,11个高频新抗原能够在体外诱导细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(cytotoxic T lymphocyte,CTL)分泌γ干扰素(interferon gamma,IFN-γ),证实具有免疫原性。选取免疫原性最强的新抗原C1orf170_S418G413-421及阳性对照多肽KRAS_G12V8-16体外刺激T细胞,利用流式细胞分选及单细胞转录组测序技术,获得其特异性CTL的免疫组库信息,所构建的TCR-T(T-cell receptor engineered T cell)能够识别新抗原并分泌细胞因子。以上结果表明,本研究开发了一种利用体细胞数据库预测并体外筛选验证具有免疫原性高频新抗原的方法,为结直肠癌及其他癌种的多肽、DC(dendritic cells)疫苗、TCR-like抗体、TCR-T等免疫治疗提供了重要的多肽靶点和TCR信息,具有实际的临床应用价值。展开更多
Liver diseases pose a significant threat to human health.Although effective therapeutic agents exist for some liver diseases,there remains a critical need for advancements in research to address the gaps in treatment ...Liver diseases pose a significant threat to human health.Although effective therapeutic agents exist for some liver diseases,there remains a critical need for advancements in research to address the gaps in treatment options and improve patient outcomes.This article reviews the assessment of Elafibranor's effects on liver fibrosis and intestinal barrier function in a mouse model of alcoholic liver disease(ALD),as reported by Koizumi et al in the World Journal of Gastroenterology.We summarize the impact and mechanisms of Elafibranor on ALD,metabolic-associated fatty liver disease,and cholestatic liver disease based on current research.We also explore its potential as a dual agonist of PPARα/δ,which is undergoing Phase III clinical trials for metabolic-associated steatohepatitis.Our goal is to stimulate further investigation into Elafibranor's use for preventing and treating these liver diseases and to provide insights for its clinical application.展开更多
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease(COVID-19)patients exhibit different patterns of liver impairment,according to growing evidence.AIM In this study,we sought to provide a comprehensive analysis of liver test parameters in...BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease(COVID-19)patients exhibit different patterns of liver impairment,according to growing evidence.AIM In this study,we sought to provide a comprehensive analysis of liver test parameters in patients with severe and non-severe COVID-19.METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of published liver manifestations and described the liver damage in COVID-19.We searched PubMed,Google Scholar,Embase,Cochrane Library,medRxiv,bioRxiv,and three Chinese electronic databases through April 18,2020,in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Meta-Analyses.We analyzed pooled data on liver chemistries stratified by COVID-19 severity using a fixed or random-effects model.RESULTS A meta-analysis of 56 studies,including 11052 patients,found that the pooled mean alanine aminotransferase(ALT)in severe COVID-19 cases was 35.9 IU/L whereas in non-severe COVID-19 cases was 27.3 IU/L.Average aspa-rtate aminotransferase(AST)levels were 44.3 IU/L in severe cases compared to 27.9 IU/L in non-severe cases.In addition,AST levels are often higher than ALT levels regardless of disease severity.The severe cases tended to have a higher gammaglutamyltransferase level but a lower albumin level than the non-severe cases.CONCLUSION Severe COVID-19 was more likely to be associated with abnormal liver test results.Monitoring liver chemistry closely can help detect disease progression early.展开更多
基金jointly supported by a project of the China Geological Survey(DD20243375)Hebei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Ecological Environment Monitoring(No.HBMREEM202403).
文摘Antibiotics,as emerging pollutants,pose significant risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health by disrupting the endocrine systems of aquatic organisms and affecting ecosystem stability through food chain enrichment.In a study conducted in Hebei Province,China,liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry(LC-TQ-LIT-MS)was used to analyze 90 different antibiotics in 31 water samples,including surface water,groundwater,and waste leachate from three urban landfills.This analysis included hormones,broad-spectrum antimicrobials,macrolides,tetracyclines,β-lactams,sulfonamides,and quinolones.The study’s results indicated that quinolones,β-lactams,and macrolides were the most frequently detected substances in the landfills.It is noteworthy that the concentrations of these antibiotics varied significantly among different cities,reflecting local production and living characteristics.The results of the tests showed that the concentration of amoxicillin was 1171 ng/L in surface water,811 ng/L in groundwater,and 1926 ng/L of ciprofloxacin in waste leachate.Furthermore,a consistent pattern was observed between the compounds present in the leachate,groundwater,and surface water at the three sites.Risk assessments revealed that the ecological risk was higher for surface water and lower for groundwater.This study is the first to systematically analyze the pollution status of antibiotics and hormones in the water around the landfill in Hebei Province,which not only fills the blank of groundwater-related research in Hebei Province but also provides key data support and theoretical basis for local groundwater hydrological and environmental detection and pollution prevention.
基金supported by a grant from the Clinical Medicine Science and Technology Projects in Jiangsu Province of China,No.BL2014037a grant from the Changzhou City Science and Technology Support Plan in China,No.CE20165027+1 种基金a grant from the Changzhou Health Development Planning Commission Major Projects in China,No.ZD201515the Changzhou High-Level Health Personnel Training Project Funding
文摘With improvements in care of at-risk neonates, more and more children survive. This makes it increasingly important to assess, soon after birth, the prognosis of children with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Computed tomography, ultrasound, and conventional magnetic resonance imaging are helpful to diagnose brain injury, but cannot quantify white matter damage. In this study, ten full-term infants without brain injury and twenty-two full-term neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy （14 moderate cases and 8 severe cases） underwent diffusion tensor imaging to assess its feasibility in evaluating white matter damage in this condition. Results demonstrated that fractional anisotropy, voxel volume, and number of fiber bundles were different in some brain areas between infants with brain injury and those without brain injury. The correlation between fractional anisotropy values and neonatal behavioral neurological assessment scores was closest in the posterior limbs of the internal capsule. We conclude that diffusion tensor imaging can quantify white matter injury in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81871645(to Pan JS).
文摘BACKGROUND Primary liver cancer(PLC)is a major contributor to cancer-related deaths.Data on global and country-specific levels and trends of PLC are essential for understanding the effects of this disease and helping policymakers to allocate resources.AIM To investigate the association between the burden of PLC and socioeconomic development status.METHODS Cancer mortality and incidence rates were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)2019,and the data were stratified by country and territory,sex,and the Socio-demographic Index(SDI)level.The association between the attributable etiology of PLC and socioeconomic development status,represented using the SDI,was described.The attributable etiology of PLC included hepatitis B,hepatitis C,alcohol use,and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.The association between the attributable etiology of PLC and SDI was further stratified by sex and geographical location.A confidence analysis was also performed based on bootstrap draw.RESULTS The age-standardized incidence rate of PLC was 6.5[95%confidence intervals(CI):5.9-7.2]per 100000 person-years,which decreased by-27.5%(-37.0 to-16.6)from 1990 to 2019.Several countries located in East Asia,South Asia,West Africa,and North Africa shouldered the heaviest burden of PLC in 2019.In terms of incidence rates,the first leading underlying cause of PLC identified was hepatitis B,followed by hepatitis C,alcohol use,and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.Regarding stratification using the SDI,the incidence rate of PLC was the highest for high and middle SDI locations.Further,the leading attributable etiologies of PLC were hepatitis B for the middle and high middle SDI locations while hepatitis C and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis for the high SDI locations.CONCLUSION The pronounced association between socioeconomic development status and PLC burden indicates socioeconomic development status affects attributable etiologies for PLC.GBD 2019 data are valuable for policymakers implementing PLC cost-effective interventions.
文摘The authors are retracting this paper owing to errors in the reported data.The paper claimed that 16 patient cases were infected with H9N2 virus.However,when the authors recently further investigated all the thirteen sera samples,no anti-H9N2 antibodies were found by the haemagglutination inhibition assay.Moreover,re-sequencing of the remaining five throat swabs showed all five samples were H1N1 virus.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFF0801603).
文摘The Yangtze River basin(YRB)experienced a record-breaking mei-yu season in June‒July 2020.This unique long-lasting extreme event and its origin have attracted considerable attention.Previous studies have suggested that the Indian Ocean(IO)SST forcing and soil moisture anomaly over the Indochina Peninsula(ICP)were responsible for this unexpected event.However,the relative contributions of IO SST and ICP soil moisture to the 2020 mei-yu rainfall event,especially their linkage with atmospheric circulation changes,remain unclear.By using observations and numerical simulations,this study examines the synergistic impacts of IO SST and ICP soil moisture on the extreme mei-yu in 2020.Results show that the prolonged dry soil moisture led to a warmer surface over the ICP in May under strong IO SST backgrounds.The intensification of the warm condition further magnified the land thermal effects,which in turn facilitated the westward extension of the western North Pacific subtropical high(WNPSH)in June‒July.The intensified WNPSH amplified the water vapor convergence and ascending motion over the YRB,thereby contributing to the 2020 mei-yu.In contrast,the land thermal anomalies diminish during normal IO SST backgrounds due to the limited persistence of soil moisture.The roles of IO SST and ICP soil moisture are verified and quantified using the Community Earth System Model.Their synergistic impacts yield a notable 32%increase in YRB precipitation.Our findings provide evidence for the combined influences of IO SST forcing and ICP soil moisture variability on the occurrence of the 2020 super mei-yu.
文摘结直肠癌是世界高发和高致死率的恶性肿瘤。靶向新抗原的免疫治疗已被证实可以诱导癌症患者肿瘤持续消退,但这些特异性新抗原,仅适用于个体精准治疗。随着大量的高频肿瘤基因突变被发现,这些与突变相关的高频新抗原可覆盖更多人群,具有较强的临床意义。然而目前结直肠癌中是否也存在高频新抗原仍不清楚。本研究利用来源于321个结直肠癌患者的体细胞突变数据库,联合1种标准过滤和7种预测算法,筛选并获得了25个基于中国人高频分型HLA-A^*1101限制性的高频新抗原,它们均具有高亲和力(IC50<50 nmol/L)和高呈递分值(>0.90);其中,除了阳性对照多肽KRAS_G12V8-16外,11个高频新抗原能够在体外诱导细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(cytotoxic T lymphocyte,CTL)分泌γ干扰素(interferon gamma,IFN-γ),证实具有免疫原性。选取免疫原性最强的新抗原C1orf170_S418G413-421及阳性对照多肽KRAS_G12V8-16体外刺激T细胞,利用流式细胞分选及单细胞转录组测序技术,获得其特异性CTL的免疫组库信息,所构建的TCR-T(T-cell receptor engineered T cell)能够识别新抗原并分泌细胞因子。以上结果表明,本研究开发了一种利用体细胞数据库预测并体外筛选验证具有免疫原性高频新抗原的方法,为结直肠癌及其他癌种的多肽、DC(dendritic cells)疫苗、TCR-like抗体、TCR-T等免疫治疗提供了重要的多肽靶点和TCR信息,具有实际的临床应用价值。
文摘Liver diseases pose a significant threat to human health.Although effective therapeutic agents exist for some liver diseases,there remains a critical need for advancements in research to address the gaps in treatment options and improve patient outcomes.This article reviews the assessment of Elafibranor's effects on liver fibrosis and intestinal barrier function in a mouse model of alcoholic liver disease(ALD),as reported by Koizumi et al in the World Journal of Gastroenterology.We summarize the impact and mechanisms of Elafibranor on ALD,metabolic-associated fatty liver disease,and cholestatic liver disease based on current research.We also explore its potential as a dual agonist of PPARα/δ,which is undergoing Phase III clinical trials for metabolic-associated steatohepatitis.Our goal is to stimulate further investigation into Elafibranor's use for preventing and treating these liver diseases and to provide insights for its clinical application.
文摘BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease(COVID-19)patients exhibit different patterns of liver impairment,according to growing evidence.AIM In this study,we sought to provide a comprehensive analysis of liver test parameters in patients with severe and non-severe COVID-19.METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of published liver manifestations and described the liver damage in COVID-19.We searched PubMed,Google Scholar,Embase,Cochrane Library,medRxiv,bioRxiv,and three Chinese electronic databases through April 18,2020,in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Meta-Analyses.We analyzed pooled data on liver chemistries stratified by COVID-19 severity using a fixed or random-effects model.RESULTS A meta-analysis of 56 studies,including 11052 patients,found that the pooled mean alanine aminotransferase(ALT)in severe COVID-19 cases was 35.9 IU/L whereas in non-severe COVID-19 cases was 27.3 IU/L.Average aspa-rtate aminotransferase(AST)levels were 44.3 IU/L in severe cases compared to 27.9 IU/L in non-severe cases.In addition,AST levels are often higher than ALT levels regardless of disease severity.The severe cases tended to have a higher gammaglutamyltransferase level but a lower albumin level than the non-severe cases.CONCLUSION Severe COVID-19 was more likely to be associated with abnormal liver test results.Monitoring liver chemistry closely can help detect disease progression early.
