BACKGROUND Adrenocortical carcinoma(ACC)is a rare malignant epithelial tumor originating from adrenocortical cells that carries a very poor prognosis.Metastatic or inoperable diseases are often considered incurable,an...BACKGROUND Adrenocortical carcinoma(ACC)is a rare malignant epithelial tumor originating from adrenocortical cells that carries a very poor prognosis.Metastatic or inoperable diseases are often considered incurable,and treatment remains a challenge.Especially for advanced cases such as ACC complicated with renal venous cancer thrombus,there are few cumulative cases in the literature.CASE SUMMARY The patient in this case was a 39-year-old middle-aged male who was admitted to the hospital for more than half a month due to dizziness and chest tightness.Computed tomography(CT)findings after admission revealed a left retroperitoneal malignant space-occupying lesion,but the origin of the formation of the left renal vein cancer thrombus remained to be determined.It was speculated that it originated from the left adrenal gland,perhaps a retroperitoneal source,and left adrenal mass+left nephrectomy+left renal vein tumor thrombus removal+angioplasty were performed under general anesthesia.Postoperative pathology results indicated a diagnosis of ACC.Postoperative steroid therapy was administered.At 3 mo after surgery,abdominal CT reexamination revealed multiple enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes and multiple low-density shadows in the liver,and palliative radiotherapy and mitotane were administered,considering the possibility of metastasis.The patient is currently being followed up.CONCLUSION ACC is a highly malignant tumor.Even if the tumor is removed surgically,there is still the possibility of recurrence.Postoperative mitotane and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy have certain benefits for patients,but they cannot fully offset the poor prognosis of this disease.展开更多
Consider the two-dimensional, incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on torus T^2= [-π, π]^2 driven by a degenerate multiplicative noise in the vorticity formulation（abbreviated as SNS）： dwt = ν？w_tdt ＋B（Kw_t...Consider the two-dimensional, incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on torus T^2= [-π, π]^2 driven by a degenerate multiplicative noise in the vorticity formulation（abbreviated as SNS）： dwt = ν？w_tdt ＋B（Kw_t, w_t）dt ＋ Q（w_t）dW t. We prove that the solution to SNS is continuous differentiable in initial value. We use the Malliavin calculus to prove that the semigroup{P_t}_t≥0 generated by the SNS is asymptotically strong Feller. Moreover, we use the coupling method to prove that the solution to SNS has a weak form of irreducibility.Under almost the same Hypotheses as that given by Odasso, Prob. Theory Related Fields, 140： 41–82（2005）with a different method, we get an exponential ergodicity under a stronger norm.展开更多
基金Supported by Foundation of Hunan Educational Committee,No.16A188Foundation of Hengyang Science and Technology Committee,No.2018KJ135.
文摘BACKGROUND Adrenocortical carcinoma(ACC)is a rare malignant epithelial tumor originating from adrenocortical cells that carries a very poor prognosis.Metastatic or inoperable diseases are often considered incurable,and treatment remains a challenge.Especially for advanced cases such as ACC complicated with renal venous cancer thrombus,there are few cumulative cases in the literature.CASE SUMMARY The patient in this case was a 39-year-old middle-aged male who was admitted to the hospital for more than half a month due to dizziness and chest tightness.Computed tomography(CT)findings after admission revealed a left retroperitoneal malignant space-occupying lesion,but the origin of the formation of the left renal vein cancer thrombus remained to be determined.It was speculated that it originated from the left adrenal gland,perhaps a retroperitoneal source,and left adrenal mass+left nephrectomy+left renal vein tumor thrombus removal+angioplasty were performed under general anesthesia.Postoperative pathology results indicated a diagnosis of ACC.Postoperative steroid therapy was administered.At 3 mo after surgery,abdominal CT reexamination revealed multiple enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes and multiple low-density shadows in the liver,and palliative radiotherapy and mitotane were administered,considering the possibility of metastasis.The patient is currently being followed up.CONCLUSION ACC is a highly malignant tumor.Even if the tumor is removed surgically,there is still the possibility of recurrence.Postoperative mitotane and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy have certain benefits for patients,but they cannot fully offset the poor prognosis of this disease.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11371041,11431014)the Key Laboratory of Random Complex Structures and Data Science,Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2008DP173182)+3 种基金supported by NSFC(No.11501195)a Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(No.17C0953)the Youth Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Normal University(No.Math140650)the Construct Program of the Key Discipline in Hunan Province
文摘Consider the two-dimensional, incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on torus T^2= [-π, π]^2 driven by a degenerate multiplicative noise in the vorticity formulation（abbreviated as SNS）： dwt = ν？w_tdt ＋B（Kw_t, w_t）dt ＋ Q（w_t）dW t. We prove that the solution to SNS is continuous differentiable in initial value. We use the Malliavin calculus to prove that the semigroup{P_t}_t≥0 generated by the SNS is asymptotically strong Feller. Moreover, we use the coupling method to prove that the solution to SNS has a weak form of irreducibility.Under almost the same Hypotheses as that given by Odasso, Prob. Theory Related Fields, 140： 41–82（2005）with a different method, we get an exponential ergodicity under a stronger norm.
