P2型层状过渡金属氧化物(P2-Na_(x)TMO_(2))因其优异的循环稳定性和倍率性能,成为钠离子电池正极材料的有力候选者。然而,其在高电压下的不可逆相变和固有低理论容量问题,阻碍了实际应用。本研究工作提出高熵策略与双相结构的协同设计...P2型层状过渡金属氧化物(P2-Na_(x)TMO_(2))因其优异的循环稳定性和倍率性能,成为钠离子电池正极材料的有力候选者。然而,其在高电压下的不可逆相变和固有低理论容量问题,阻碍了实际应用。本研究工作提出高熵策略与双相结构的协同设计来克服这些挑战。通过在P2相高熵基体中引入O3相,构建新型P2/O3双相高熵层状氧化物Na_(0.70)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.35)Co_(0.15)Fe_(0.05)Ti_(0.20)O_(2)(简称Na_(0.70)NMCFT)。其中,高熵设计通过构型熵稳定效应有效抑制P2相的不可逆相变,而O3相则通过协同作用弥补容量不足并提升循环稳定性。此外,双相组分之间的相互作用进一步促进P2-O3与P2-P3相变的高度可逆性。Na_(0.70)NMCFT在1C倍率下的初始放电容量为102.08 mAhg^(-1),200次循环后容量保持率达88.15%,表明具有优异的循环稳定性。更重要的是,即使在10C的高倍率下,Na_(0.70)NMCFT仍能提供85.67 mAh g^(-1)的初始放电比容量,并在1000次循环后容量保持率达70%。本工作证实双相高熵设计在提升钠离子电池正极性能中的关键作用,为开发先进钠离子电池正极材料提供了新思路。展开更多
Metal organic framework(MOF) assembled with coordination bonds has the disadvantage of poor stability that limits its application in the field of stationary phase,while covalent organic framework(COF)assembled through...Metal organic framework(MOF) assembled with coordination bonds has the disadvantage of poor stability that limits its application in the field of stationary phase,while covalent organic framework(COF)assembled through covalent bonds exhibits excellent structural stability.It has been shown that the stationary phases prepared by combining MOF and COF can make up for the poor stability of MOF@SiO_(2),and the MOF/COF composites have superior chromatographic separation performance.However,the traditional methods for preparing COF/MOF based stationary phases are generally solvent thermal synthesis.In this study,a green and low-cost synthesis method was proposed for the preparation of MOF/COF@SiO_(2) stationary phase.Firstly,COF@SiO_(2) was prepared in a choline chloride/ethylene glycol based deep eutectic solvent(DES).Secondly,another acid-base tunable DES prepared by mixing p-toluenesulfonic acid(PTSA)and 2-methylimidazole in different proportions was introduced as the reaction solvent and reactant for rapid synthesis of MOF/COF@SiO_(2).Compared with the toxic transition metal-based MOFs selected in most previous studies,a lightweight and non-toxic S-zone metal(calcium) based MOF was employed in this study.PTSA and calcium will form the calcium/oxygen-containing organic acid framework in acidic DES,which assembles with terephthalic acid dissolved in basic DES to form MOF.The strong hydrogen bonding effect of DES can facilitate rapid assembly of Ca-MOF.The obtained Ca-MOF/COF@SiO_(2) can be used for multi-mode chromatography to efficiently separate multiple isomeric/hydrophilic/hydrophobic analytes.The synthesis method of Ca-MOF/COF@SiO_(2) is green and mild,especially the use of acid-base tunable DES promotes the rapid synthesis of non-toxic Ca-MOF/COF@silica composites,which offers an innovative approach of greenly synthesizing novel MOF/COF stationary phases and extends their applications in the field of chromatography.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the expression of uncoupling protein 2(UCP2) in a retinal pigment epithelium cell line(ARPE-19), under oxidative stress(OS).METHODS: ARPE-19 cells were divided into groups treated with various concent...AIM: To evaluate the expression of uncoupling protein 2(UCP2) in a retinal pigment epithelium cell line(ARPE-19), under oxidative stress(OS).METHODS: ARPE-19 cells were divided into groups treated with various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide(H2 O2;0, 150, 300, 500, 700, and 900 μmol/L) for 24 h, to induce oxidative damage and cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. UCP2 mRNA expression in cells treated with H2 O2 was investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). UCP2 protein expression was assessed by Western blotting and ROS levels analyzed by flow cytometry(FCM). Further, UCP2-siRNA treated cultures were exposed to H2 O2(0, 75, 150, and 300 μmol/L) for 2 h and cell viability determined by MTT assay.RESULTS: Cells treated with higher concentrations of H2 O2 appeared shrunken;their adhesion to adjacent cells was disrupted, and the number of dead cells increased. The results of cell viability assays demonstrated that the numbers of cells were decreased in a dose-dependent manner following treatment with H2 O2. Compared with untreated controls, cell viability was significantly reduced after treatment with >300 μmol/L H2 O2(P<0.05). Cell metabolic activity was decreased with increased concentrations of H2 O2 as detected by MTT assay. Levels of OS were further decreased in cells treated with UCP2-siRNA compared with those treated with H2 O2 alone(P<0.05). The results of RT-PCR and Western blotting demonstrated that UCP2 expression was reduced in H2 O2-treated groups compared with controls(P<0.05). FCM analysis showed that cell reactive oxygen species(ROS) levels were increased in H2 O2-treated groups and further upregulated by UCP2-si RNA treatment(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Expression levels of UCP2 are decreased in ARPE-19 cells treated with H2 O2. ROS levels are further increased in cells treated with UCP2-siRNA relative to those treated with H2 O2 alone. UCP2 may have a protective role in ARPE-19 cells during oxidative injury.展开更多
目的系统评价临床常用精神类药物对阿尔茨海默病(AD)激越症状的疗效、安全性及认知功能的影响,基于累积排序概率曲线下面积(SUCRA)进行多维度概率排名,为临床决策提供参考。方法系统检索PubMed、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science和...目的系统评价临床常用精神类药物对阿尔茨海默病(AD)激越症状的疗效、安全性及认知功能的影响,基于累积排序概率曲线下面积(SUCRA)进行多维度概率排名,为临床决策提供参考。方法系统检索PubMed、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science和Embase数据库,纳入抗精神病药与安慰剂治疗AD的随机对照研究,采用平均值(MD)及其95%置信区间(95%CI)量化疗效差异,并基于SUCRA进行不同药物治疗效果的优劣排序。结果共检索3615篇文献,最终纳入11篇文献,涉及12项研究(涵盖8种干预措施与安慰剂对照)。网状meta分析结果显示,与安慰剂相比,依匹哌唑可显著降低Cohen-Mansfield激越问卷(CMAI)评分(MD=-3.88,95%CI:-5.89~-1.88)和神经精神问卷(NPI)评分(MD=-4.60,95%CI:-7.54~-1.66),其疗效在CMAI(SUCRA=85.2%)评分改善与NPI(SUCRA=89.2%)评分改善方面的累积概率排名均为首位,但其不良事件风险显著升高(RR=1.11,95%CI:1.02~1.21)。米氮平在认知功能改善方面具有优势(SMD=5.10,95%CI:0.69~9.51,SUCRA=96.1%),但激越症状控制效果有限。结论依匹哌唑是改善AD激越症状方面具有统计学优势的药物,但需警惕不良反应风险;米氮平对认知功能的获益有潜在治疗价值,但核心激越症状控制效能不足。展开更多
Heating in the ocean has continued in 2024 in response to increased greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere,despite the transition from an El Ni?o to neutral conditions. In 2024, both global sea surface temper...Heating in the ocean has continued in 2024 in response to increased greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere,despite the transition from an El Ni?o to neutral conditions. In 2024, both global sea surface temperature(SST) and upper2000 m ocean heat content(OHC) reached unprecedented highs in the historical record. The 0–2000 m OHC in 2024exceeded that of 2023 by 16 ± 8 ZJ(1 Zetta Joules = 1021 Joules, with a 95% confidence interval)(IAP/CAS data), which is confirmed by two other data products: 18 ± 7 ZJ(CIGAR-RT reanalysis data) and 40 ± 31 ZJ(Copernicus Marine data,updated to November 2024). The Indian Ocean, tropical Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea, North Atlantic, North Pacific, and Southern Ocean also experienced record-high OHC values in 2024. The global SST continued its record-high values from2023 into the first half of 2024, and declined slightly in the second half of 2024, resulting in an annual mean of 0.61°C ±0.02°C(IAP/CAS data) above the 1981–2010 baseline, slightly higher than the 2023 annual-mean value(by 0.07°C ±0.02°C for IAP/CAS, 0.05°C ± 0.02°C for NOAA/NCEI, and 0.06°C ± 0.11°C for Copernicus Marine). The record-high values of 2024 SST and OHC continue to indicate unabated trends of global heating.展开更多
Organoids are three-dimensional stem cell-derived models that offer a more physiologically relevant representation of tumor biology compared to traditional two-dimensional cell cultures or animal models.Organoids pres...Organoids are three-dimensional stem cell-derived models that offer a more physiologically relevant representation of tumor biology compared to traditional two-dimensional cell cultures or animal models.Organoids preserve the complex tissue architecture and cellular diversity of human cancers,enabling more accurate predictions of tumor growth,metastasis,and drug responses.Integration with microfluidic platforms,such as organ-on-a-chip systems,further enhances the ability to model tumor-environment interactions in real-time.Organoids facilitate in-depth exploration of tumor heterogeneity,molecular mechanisms,and the development of personalized treatment strategies when coupled with multi-omics technologies.Organoids provide a platform for investigating tumor-immune cell interactions,which aid in the design and testing of immune-based therapies and vaccines.Taken together,these features position organoids as a transformative tool in advancing cancer research and precision medicine.展开更多
目的分析丙泊酚复合3种使用剂量瑞芬太尼靶控输注在经喉罩纤维支气管镜介入术中的麻醉质量。方法选取2019年2月-2021年12月该院择期行纤维支气管镜介入治疗的患者96例,采用随机数表法分为A组、B组和C组,各32例。3组均行喉罩全身麻醉,A组...目的分析丙泊酚复合3种使用剂量瑞芬太尼靶控输注在经喉罩纤维支气管镜介入术中的麻醉质量。方法选取2019年2月-2021年12月该院择期行纤维支气管镜介入治疗的患者96例,采用随机数表法分为A组、B组和C组,各32例。3组均行喉罩全身麻醉,A组、B组和C组瑞芬太尼剂量分别为0.2μg/(kg·min)(低剂量)、0.3μg/(kg·min)(中剂量)和0.4μg/(kg·min)(高剂量)。比较3组患者手术时间、麻醉质量(麻醉时间和手术医生麻醉满意度)、不同时间点心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、氧化应激因子[过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)]水平、麻醉苏醒质量(苏醒时间、听指令睁眼时间和滞留苏醒室时间)、苏醒后不同时间点舒适度评分(BCS)和不良反应发生情况。结果B组和C组手术医生麻醉满意度评分均高于A组(P<0.05);B组和C组T_(2)、T_(3)时点HR和MAP均低于A组(P<0.05);B组和C组手术开始10 min血清CAT和SOD水平均高于A组,血清MDA水平均低于A组(P<0.05);3组患者苏醒时间、听指令睁眼时间和滞留苏醒室时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组和C组苏醒后10 min和1 h BCS均高于A组(P<0.05);B组不良反应发生率为0.00%,低于A组的18.75%和C组的18.75%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论经喉罩纤维支气管镜介入术全身麻醉中应用中剂量瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚,能获得满意的麻醉质量,不良反应少,安全性高。展开更多
文摘P2型层状过渡金属氧化物(P2-Na_(x)TMO_(2))因其优异的循环稳定性和倍率性能,成为钠离子电池正极材料的有力候选者。然而,其在高电压下的不可逆相变和固有低理论容量问题,阻碍了实际应用。本研究工作提出高熵策略与双相结构的协同设计来克服这些挑战。通过在P2相高熵基体中引入O3相,构建新型P2/O3双相高熵层状氧化物Na_(0.70)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.35)Co_(0.15)Fe_(0.05)Ti_(0.20)O_(2)(简称Na_(0.70)NMCFT)。其中,高熵设计通过构型熵稳定效应有效抑制P2相的不可逆相变,而O3相则通过协同作用弥补容量不足并提升循环稳定性。此外,双相组分之间的相互作用进一步促进P2-O3与P2-P3相变的高度可逆性。Na_(0.70)NMCFT在1C倍率下的初始放电容量为102.08 mAhg^(-1),200次循环后容量保持率达88.15%,表明具有优异的循环稳定性。更重要的是,即使在10C的高倍率下,Na_(0.70)NMCFT仍能提供85.67 mAh g^(-1)的初始放电比容量,并在1000次循环后容量保持率达70%。本工作证实双相高熵设计在提升钠离子电池正极性能中的关键作用,为开发先进钠离子电池正极材料提供了新思路。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21906124,32302202)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (No.2017CFB220)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No.ZR2023MH278)。
文摘Metal organic framework(MOF) assembled with coordination bonds has the disadvantage of poor stability that limits its application in the field of stationary phase,while covalent organic framework(COF)assembled through covalent bonds exhibits excellent structural stability.It has been shown that the stationary phases prepared by combining MOF and COF can make up for the poor stability of MOF@SiO_(2),and the MOF/COF composites have superior chromatographic separation performance.However,the traditional methods for preparing COF/MOF based stationary phases are generally solvent thermal synthesis.In this study,a green and low-cost synthesis method was proposed for the preparation of MOF/COF@SiO_(2) stationary phase.Firstly,COF@SiO_(2) was prepared in a choline chloride/ethylene glycol based deep eutectic solvent(DES).Secondly,another acid-base tunable DES prepared by mixing p-toluenesulfonic acid(PTSA)and 2-methylimidazole in different proportions was introduced as the reaction solvent and reactant for rapid synthesis of MOF/COF@SiO_(2).Compared with the toxic transition metal-based MOFs selected in most previous studies,a lightweight and non-toxic S-zone metal(calcium) based MOF was employed in this study.PTSA and calcium will form the calcium/oxygen-containing organic acid framework in acidic DES,which assembles with terephthalic acid dissolved in basic DES to form MOF.The strong hydrogen bonding effect of DES can facilitate rapid assembly of Ca-MOF.The obtained Ca-MOF/COF@SiO_(2) can be used for multi-mode chromatography to efficiently separate multiple isomeric/hydrophilic/hydrophobic analytes.The synthesis method of Ca-MOF/COF@SiO_(2) is green and mild,especially the use of acid-base tunable DES promotes the rapid synthesis of non-toxic Ca-MOF/COF@silica composites,which offers an innovative approach of greenly synthesizing novel MOF/COF stationary phases and extends their applications in the field of chromatography.
基金Supported by the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China(No.81100665 No.81770929)
文摘AIM: To evaluate the expression of uncoupling protein 2(UCP2) in a retinal pigment epithelium cell line(ARPE-19), under oxidative stress(OS).METHODS: ARPE-19 cells were divided into groups treated with various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide(H2 O2;0, 150, 300, 500, 700, and 900 μmol/L) for 24 h, to induce oxidative damage and cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. UCP2 mRNA expression in cells treated with H2 O2 was investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). UCP2 protein expression was assessed by Western blotting and ROS levels analyzed by flow cytometry(FCM). Further, UCP2-siRNA treated cultures were exposed to H2 O2(0, 75, 150, and 300 μmol/L) for 2 h and cell viability determined by MTT assay.RESULTS: Cells treated with higher concentrations of H2 O2 appeared shrunken;their adhesion to adjacent cells was disrupted, and the number of dead cells increased. The results of cell viability assays demonstrated that the numbers of cells were decreased in a dose-dependent manner following treatment with H2 O2. Compared with untreated controls, cell viability was significantly reduced after treatment with >300 μmol/L H2 O2(P<0.05). Cell metabolic activity was decreased with increased concentrations of H2 O2 as detected by MTT assay. Levels of OS were further decreased in cells treated with UCP2-siRNA compared with those treated with H2 O2 alone(P<0.05). The results of RT-PCR and Western blotting demonstrated that UCP2 expression was reduced in H2 O2-treated groups compared with controls(P<0.05). FCM analysis showed that cell reactive oxygen species(ROS) levels were increased in H2 O2-treated groups and further upregulated by UCP2-si RNA treatment(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Expression levels of UCP2 are decreased in ARPE-19 cells treated with H2 O2. ROS levels are further increased in cells treated with UCP2-siRNA relative to those treated with H2 O2 alone. UCP2 may have a protective role in ARPE-19 cells during oxidative injury.
文摘目的系统评价临床常用精神类药物对阿尔茨海默病(AD)激越症状的疗效、安全性及认知功能的影响,基于累积排序概率曲线下面积(SUCRA)进行多维度概率排名,为临床决策提供参考。方法系统检索PubMed、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science和Embase数据库,纳入抗精神病药与安慰剂治疗AD的随机对照研究,采用平均值(MD)及其95%置信区间(95%CI)量化疗效差异,并基于SUCRA进行不同药物治疗效果的优劣排序。结果共检索3615篇文献,最终纳入11篇文献,涉及12项研究(涵盖8种干预措施与安慰剂对照)。网状meta分析结果显示,与安慰剂相比,依匹哌唑可显著降低Cohen-Mansfield激越问卷(CMAI)评分(MD=-3.88,95%CI:-5.89~-1.88)和神经精神问卷(NPI)评分(MD=-4.60,95%CI:-7.54~-1.66),其疗效在CMAI(SUCRA=85.2%)评分改善与NPI(SUCRA=89.2%)评分改善方面的累积概率排名均为首位,但其不良事件风险显著升高(RR=1.11,95%CI:1.02~1.21)。米氮平在认知功能改善方面具有优势(SMD=5.10,95%CI:0.69~9.51,SUCRA=96.1%),但激越症状控制效果有限。结论依匹哌唑是改善AD激越症状方面具有统计学优势的药物,但需警惕不良反应风险;米氮平对认知功能的获益有潜在治疗价值,但核心激越症状控制效能不足。
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2023YFF0806500)the International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.060GJHZ2024064MI)+10 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Research Council of Italy Scientific Cooperative Programmethe new Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZEthe National Key Scientific and Technological Infrastructure project “Earth System Science Numerical Simulator Facility” (Earth Lab), and Ocean Negative Carbon Emissions (ONCE)sponsored by the US National Science Foundationsupported by the Young Talent Support Project of Guangzhou Association for Science and Technologythe Open Research Cruise NORC2022-10+NORC2022-303 supported by NSFC shiptime Sharing Projects 42149910supported by NASA Awards 80NSSC17K0565, 80NSSC21K1191, and 80NSSC22K0046by the Regional and Global Model Analysis (RGMA) component of the Earth and Environmental System Modeling Program of the U.S.Department of Energy’s Office of Biological & Environmental Research (BER) via National Science Foundation IA 1947282supported by NOAA (Grant No.NA19NES4320002 to CISESS-MD at the University of Maryland)supported by the Austrian Science Fund (P33177)ESA (contract ref.4000145298/24/I-LR)。
文摘Heating in the ocean has continued in 2024 in response to increased greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere,despite the transition from an El Ni?o to neutral conditions. In 2024, both global sea surface temperature(SST) and upper2000 m ocean heat content(OHC) reached unprecedented highs in the historical record. The 0–2000 m OHC in 2024exceeded that of 2023 by 16 ± 8 ZJ(1 Zetta Joules = 1021 Joules, with a 95% confidence interval)(IAP/CAS data), which is confirmed by two other data products: 18 ± 7 ZJ(CIGAR-RT reanalysis data) and 40 ± 31 ZJ(Copernicus Marine data,updated to November 2024). The Indian Ocean, tropical Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea, North Atlantic, North Pacific, and Southern Ocean also experienced record-high OHC values in 2024. The global SST continued its record-high values from2023 into the first half of 2024, and declined slightly in the second half of 2024, resulting in an annual mean of 0.61°C ±0.02°C(IAP/CAS data) above the 1981–2010 baseline, slightly higher than the 2023 annual-mean value(by 0.07°C ±0.02°C for IAP/CAS, 0.05°C ± 0.02°C for NOAA/NCEI, and 0.06°C ± 0.11°C for Copernicus Marine). The record-high values of 2024 SST and OHC continue to indicate unabated trends of global heating.
基金supported by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(Grant No.2021RU002)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.Z240013)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82450111,82388102,82373416,and 92259303)Beijing Research Ward Excellence Program(Grant Nos.BRWEP2024W034080200 and BRWEP2024W034080204)Peking University People’s Hospital Research and Development Funds(Grant No.RZG2024-02).
文摘Organoids are three-dimensional stem cell-derived models that offer a more physiologically relevant representation of tumor biology compared to traditional two-dimensional cell cultures or animal models.Organoids preserve the complex tissue architecture and cellular diversity of human cancers,enabling more accurate predictions of tumor growth,metastasis,and drug responses.Integration with microfluidic platforms,such as organ-on-a-chip systems,further enhances the ability to model tumor-environment interactions in real-time.Organoids facilitate in-depth exploration of tumor heterogeneity,molecular mechanisms,and the development of personalized treatment strategies when coupled with multi-omics technologies.Organoids provide a platform for investigating tumor-immune cell interactions,which aid in the design and testing of immune-based therapies and vaccines.Taken together,these features position organoids as a transformative tool in advancing cancer research and precision medicine.
文摘目的分析丙泊酚复合3种使用剂量瑞芬太尼靶控输注在经喉罩纤维支气管镜介入术中的麻醉质量。方法选取2019年2月-2021年12月该院择期行纤维支气管镜介入治疗的患者96例,采用随机数表法分为A组、B组和C组,各32例。3组均行喉罩全身麻醉,A组、B组和C组瑞芬太尼剂量分别为0.2μg/(kg·min)(低剂量)、0.3μg/(kg·min)(中剂量)和0.4μg/(kg·min)(高剂量)。比较3组患者手术时间、麻醉质量(麻醉时间和手术医生麻醉满意度)、不同时间点心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、氧化应激因子[过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)]水平、麻醉苏醒质量(苏醒时间、听指令睁眼时间和滞留苏醒室时间)、苏醒后不同时间点舒适度评分(BCS)和不良反应发生情况。结果B组和C组手术医生麻醉满意度评分均高于A组(P<0.05);B组和C组T_(2)、T_(3)时点HR和MAP均低于A组(P<0.05);B组和C组手术开始10 min血清CAT和SOD水平均高于A组,血清MDA水平均低于A组(P<0.05);3组患者苏醒时间、听指令睁眼时间和滞留苏醒室时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组和C组苏醒后10 min和1 h BCS均高于A组(P<0.05);B组不良反应发生率为0.00%,低于A组的18.75%和C组的18.75%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论经喉罩纤维支气管镜介入术全身麻醉中应用中剂量瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚,能获得满意的麻醉质量,不良反应少,安全性高。
