A plasmid for cytoglobin expression, pAcGFP1-Cl-cytoglobin, was transfected into SH-SY5Y cells. Cobalt chloride was used to establish a model of hypoxia. Western blotting indicated that cytoglobin was overexpressed an...A plasmid for cytoglobin expression, pAcGFP1-Cl-cytoglobin, was transfected into SH-SY5Y cells. Cobalt chloride was used to establish a model of hypoxia. Western blotting indicated that cytoglobin was overexpressed and there was low expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-la in SH-SY5Y cells after transfection. Following cobalt chloride-induced hypoxia, cytoglobin and hypoxia-inducible fac- tor-la expression gradually increased in SH-SY5Y cells. Flow cytometry showed that with increas- ing duration of hypoxia, the proportion of normal cells significantly diminished in the transfected and non-transfected groups. The proportion of cells in the early stages of apoptosis increased. However, the proportion of apoptotic cells was significantly lower in the transfected group compared with the non-transfected group. These results demonstrate that cytoglobin and hypoxia-inducible factor-la are strongly up-regulated by hypoxia, and that there is a strong relationship between hy- poxia-inducible factor-la and cytoglobin during hypoxic injury.展开更多
Zika virus(ZIKV)evolves non-structural proteins to evade immune response and ensure efficient replication in the host cells.Cholesterol metabolic enzyme 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase(DHCR7)was recently reported to im...Zika virus(ZIKV)evolves non-structural proteins to evade immune response and ensure efficient replication in the host cells.Cholesterol metabolic enzyme 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase(DHCR7)was recently reported to impact innate immune responses in ZIKV infection.However,the vital non-structural protein and mechanisms involved in DHCR7-mediated viral evasion are not well elucidated.In this study,we demonstrated that ZIKV infection facilitated DHCR7 expression.Notably,the upregulated DHCR7 in turn facilitated ZIKV infection and blocking DHCR7 suppressed ZIKV infection.Mechanically,ZIKV non-structural protein 4B(NS4B)interacted with DHCR7 to induce DHCR7 expression.Moreover,DHCR7 inhibited TANK-binding kinase 1(TBK1)and interferon regulatory factor 3(IRF3)phosphorylation,which resulted in the reduction of interferon-beta(IFN-β)and interferon-stimulated genes(ISGs)productions.Therefore,we propose that ZIKV NS4B binds to DHCR7 to repress TBK1 and IRF3 activation,which in turn inhibits IFN-βand ISGs,and thereby facilitating ZIKV evasion.This study broadens the insights on how viral non-structural proteins antagonize innate immunity to facilitate viral infection via cholesterol metabolic enzymes and intermediates.展开更多
Resveratrol is a non-ketone polyphenolic compound containing a stilbene structure.It exists in many common medicinal plants.It has many pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor,antioxidant,antibacterial and cardi...Resveratrol is a non-ketone polyphenolic compound containing a stilbene structure.It exists in many common medicinal plants.It has many pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor,antioxidant,antibacterial and cardiovascular protection.In this paper,the advances in research of pharmacological activities of resveratrol in recent years were reviewed,to provide a reference for its further development and utilization.展开更多
While many studies have examined the role of biochar in carbon(C)accrual in short-term scale,few have explored the decadal scale influences of biochar on non-biochar C,e.g.,native soil organic C(SOC)and added substrat...While many studies have examined the role of biochar in carbon(C)accrual in short-term scale,few have explored the decadal scale influences of biochar on non-biochar C,e.g.,native soil organic C(SOC)and added substrate.To address this knowledge gap,soils were collected from decade-old biochar field trials located in the United Kingdom(Cambisol)and China(Fluvisol),with each site having had three application rates(25-30,50-60 and 75-100 Mg ha^(−1))of biochar plus an unamended Control,applied once in 2009.We assessed physicochemical and microbial properties associated with sucrose(representing the rhizodeposits)mineralization and the priming effect(PE)on native SOC.Here,we showed both soils amended with biochar at the middle application rate(50 Mg ha^(−1)biochar in Cambisol and 60 Mg ha^(−1)biochar in Fluvisol)resulted in greater substrate mineralization.The enhanced accessibility and availability of sucrose to microorganisms,particularly fast-growing bacterial genera like Arenimonas,Spingomonas,and Paenibacillus(r-strategists belonging to the Proteobacteria and Firmicutes phyla,respectively),can be attributed to the improved physicochemical properties of the soil,including pH,porosity,and pore connectivity,as revealed by synchrotron-based micro-CT.Random forest analysis also confirmed the contribution of the microbial diversity and physical properties such as porosity on sucrose mineralization.Biochar at the middle application rate,however,resulted in the lowest PE(0.3 and 0.4 mg of CO_(2)-C g soil−1 in Cambisol and Fluvisol,respectively)after 53 days of incubation.This result might be associated with the fact that the biochar promoted large aggregates formation,which enclosed native SOC in soil macro-aggregates(2-0.25 mm).Our study revealed a diverging pattern between substrate mineralization and SOC priming linked to the biochar application rate.This suggests distinct mechanisms,biophysical and physicochemical,driving the mineralization of non-biochar carbon in a field where biochar was applied a decade before.展开更多
文摘A plasmid for cytoglobin expression, pAcGFP1-Cl-cytoglobin, was transfected into SH-SY5Y cells. Cobalt chloride was used to establish a model of hypoxia. Western blotting indicated that cytoglobin was overexpressed and there was low expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-la in SH-SY5Y cells after transfection. Following cobalt chloride-induced hypoxia, cytoglobin and hypoxia-inducible fac- tor-la expression gradually increased in SH-SY5Y cells. Flow cytometry showed that with increas- ing duration of hypoxia, the proportion of normal cells significantly diminished in the transfected and non-transfected groups. The proportion of cells in the early stages of apoptosis increased. However, the proportion of apoptotic cells was significantly lower in the transfected group compared with the non-transfected group. These results demonstrate that cytoglobin and hypoxia-inducible factor-la are strongly up-regulated by hypoxia, and that there is a strong relationship between hy- poxia-inducible factor-la and cytoglobin during hypoxic injury.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81730061,81802008)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021A1515011272).
文摘Zika virus(ZIKV)evolves non-structural proteins to evade immune response and ensure efficient replication in the host cells.Cholesterol metabolic enzyme 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase(DHCR7)was recently reported to impact innate immune responses in ZIKV infection.However,the vital non-structural protein and mechanisms involved in DHCR7-mediated viral evasion are not well elucidated.In this study,we demonstrated that ZIKV infection facilitated DHCR7 expression.Notably,the upregulated DHCR7 in turn facilitated ZIKV infection and blocking DHCR7 suppressed ZIKV infection.Mechanically,ZIKV non-structural protein 4B(NS4B)interacted with DHCR7 to induce DHCR7 expression.Moreover,DHCR7 inhibited TANK-binding kinase 1(TBK1)and interferon regulatory factor 3(IRF3)phosphorylation,which resulted in the reduction of interferon-beta(IFN-β)and interferon-stimulated genes(ISGs)productions.Therefore,we propose that ZIKV NS4B binds to DHCR7 to repress TBK1 and IRF3 activation,which in turn inhibits IFN-βand ISGs,and thereby facilitating ZIKV evasion.This study broadens the insights on how viral non-structural proteins antagonize innate immunity to facilitate viral infection via cholesterol metabolic enzymes and intermediates.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(22007043)Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of Linyi University(LYDX2016BS097).
文摘Resveratrol is a non-ketone polyphenolic compound containing a stilbene structure.It exists in many common medicinal plants.It has many pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor,antioxidant,antibacterial and cardiovascular protection.In this paper,the advances in research of pharmacological activities of resveratrol in recent years were reviewed,to provide a reference for its further development and utilization.
基金supported by Key R&D Program of Zhejiang(2022C02046)Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-CSGLCA-202402)Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council(BBSRC)funded Greenhouse Gas Removal Peatland Demonstrator projects(BB/V011561/1).
文摘While many studies have examined the role of biochar in carbon(C)accrual in short-term scale,few have explored the decadal scale influences of biochar on non-biochar C,e.g.,native soil organic C(SOC)and added substrate.To address this knowledge gap,soils were collected from decade-old biochar field trials located in the United Kingdom(Cambisol)and China(Fluvisol),with each site having had three application rates(25-30,50-60 and 75-100 Mg ha^(−1))of biochar plus an unamended Control,applied once in 2009.We assessed physicochemical and microbial properties associated with sucrose(representing the rhizodeposits)mineralization and the priming effect(PE)on native SOC.Here,we showed both soils amended with biochar at the middle application rate(50 Mg ha^(−1)biochar in Cambisol and 60 Mg ha^(−1)biochar in Fluvisol)resulted in greater substrate mineralization.The enhanced accessibility and availability of sucrose to microorganisms,particularly fast-growing bacterial genera like Arenimonas,Spingomonas,and Paenibacillus(r-strategists belonging to the Proteobacteria and Firmicutes phyla,respectively),can be attributed to the improved physicochemical properties of the soil,including pH,porosity,and pore connectivity,as revealed by synchrotron-based micro-CT.Random forest analysis also confirmed the contribution of the microbial diversity and physical properties such as porosity on sucrose mineralization.Biochar at the middle application rate,however,resulted in the lowest PE(0.3 and 0.4 mg of CO_(2)-C g soil−1 in Cambisol and Fluvisol,respectively)after 53 days of incubation.This result might be associated with the fact that the biochar promoted large aggregates formation,which enclosed native SOC in soil macro-aggregates(2-0.25 mm).Our study revealed a diverging pattern between substrate mineralization and SOC priming linked to the biochar application rate.This suggests distinct mechanisms,biophysical and physicochemical,driving the mineralization of non-biochar carbon in a field where biochar was applied a decade before.
