The waters offshore the Shandong Peninsula separate the North Yellow Sea from the South Yellow Sea,and receive a large amount of terrestrial material from Chinese and Korean rivers,making it an ideal area for studying...The waters offshore the Shandong Peninsula separate the North Yellow Sea from the South Yellow Sea,and receive a large amount of terrestrial material from Chinese and Korean rivers,making it an ideal area for studying land-sea interactions.However,little attention has been given to measuring sediment transportation in most previous studies.Based on an analysis in composition of major and trace elements and particle size characteristics from 62 surface sediment samples from the northeastern region off Shandong Peninsula,the type,element composition,and controlling factors of the surface sediments were investigated.In addition,the transportation of sediments from source to sink was described from measured thermohaline data.The results show two types of surface sediments:sandy silt and silt.The sediments were mainly terrestrial;and marine carbonate had little effect on sediment composition.Shown on a binary diagram of Rb/Sc to Co/Sc,the Huanghe(Yellow)and Changjiang(Yangtze)Rivers are the main sources of surface sediments in the study area.The component mixing model showed that the relative contribution of sediment from the Huanghe River was up to 92%,followed by the Changjiang River(8%).The Yellow Sea Warm Current and the North Shandong Peninsula Coastal Current met at∼37.7°N in the study area,and were the main forces carrying sediment from the two main river sources.However,there was a deficit of transported material into the study area in summer.The secondary distribution of sediment from the two river sources was controlled by tidal currents and waves.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Studies have shown that adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter 1 （ABCA1） gene influences atherosclerosis. Studies have also demonstrated that cerebral infarction does not occur often in pre...BACKGROUND： Studies have shown that adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter 1 （ABCA1） gene influences atherosclerosis. Studies have also demonstrated that cerebral infarction does not occur often in pre-menopausal women. It has been, therefore, assumed that sex plays a role in R219K polymorphism of ABCA1 gene and cerebral infarction. OBJECTIVE： To explore the relationship between lipid metabolism-correlated R219K polymorphism of ABCA1 gene, risk factors of cerebral infarction and lipid level, and to determine whether there were significant differences in gender between R219K polymorphism of ABCA1 gene and cerebral infarction. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A multicentral and non-randomized, controlled study based on gene polymorphism was performed at the Chinese National Human Genome Center, and lipid concentrations were measured at Beijing Xuanwu Hospital. Patients with cerebral infarction and healthy subjects were enrolled from eight hospitals of six provinces of China between October 2002 and December 2004. PARTICIPANTS： There were 177 patients in the cerebral infarction group, including 119 males and 58 females, with a mean age of （60 -＋ 13） years, and 234 healthy subjects in the normal control group, including 79 males and 155 females, with a mean age of （58 ± 12） years. METHODS： R219K polymorphism of the ABCA1 gene was detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, and blood lipid concentrations were simultaneously measured. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Genotype and allele frequency of R219K polymorphic site, and blood lipid concentrations. RESULTS： RR genotype and R allele frequency of males in the cerebral infarction were significantly greater than males in the normal control group [RR genotype： x2 = 5.305, OR （95% CO, 2.326 （1.120 4.828）, P〈 0.05; R allele： x2= 4.219, OR （95% CO, 1.528 （1.019 2.292）, P〈 0.05]. In addition, RR genotype and R allele frequency of males were significantly greater than females in the cerebral infarction group [RR genotype： x2= 5.172, OR （95% C/）, 2.604 （1.120-6.057）, P〈 0.05; R allele： x2= 4.818, OR （95% CO, 1.652 （1.053 2.589）, P〈 0.05]. There were no significant differences between genotype and lipid concentrations between the two groups （P〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The RR genotype of ABCA1 R219K might be associated with onset of cerebral infarction in males, but blood lipid concentrations do not relate to R219K polymorphism.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41776059)。
文摘The waters offshore the Shandong Peninsula separate the North Yellow Sea from the South Yellow Sea,and receive a large amount of terrestrial material from Chinese and Korean rivers,making it an ideal area for studying land-sea interactions.However,little attention has been given to measuring sediment transportation in most previous studies.Based on an analysis in composition of major and trace elements and particle size characteristics from 62 surface sediment samples from the northeastern region off Shandong Peninsula,the type,element composition,and controlling factors of the surface sediments were investigated.In addition,the transportation of sediments from source to sink was described from measured thermohaline data.The results show two types of surface sediments:sandy silt and silt.The sediments were mainly terrestrial;and marine carbonate had little effect on sediment composition.Shown on a binary diagram of Rb/Sc to Co/Sc,the Huanghe(Yellow)and Changjiang(Yangtze)Rivers are the main sources of surface sediments in the study area.The component mixing model showed that the relative contribution of sediment from the Huanghe River was up to 92%,followed by the Changjiang River(8%).The Yellow Sea Warm Current and the North Shandong Peninsula Coastal Current met at∼37.7°N in the study area,and were the main forces carrying sediment from the two main river sources.However,there was a deficit of transported material into the study area in summer.The secondary distribution of sediment from the two river sources was controlled by tidal currents and waves.
文摘BACKGROUND： Studies have shown that adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter 1 （ABCA1） gene influences atherosclerosis. Studies have also demonstrated that cerebral infarction does not occur often in pre-menopausal women. It has been, therefore, assumed that sex plays a role in R219K polymorphism of ABCA1 gene and cerebral infarction. OBJECTIVE： To explore the relationship between lipid metabolism-correlated R219K polymorphism of ABCA1 gene, risk factors of cerebral infarction and lipid level, and to determine whether there were significant differences in gender between R219K polymorphism of ABCA1 gene and cerebral infarction. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A multicentral and non-randomized, controlled study based on gene polymorphism was performed at the Chinese National Human Genome Center, and lipid concentrations were measured at Beijing Xuanwu Hospital. Patients with cerebral infarction and healthy subjects were enrolled from eight hospitals of six provinces of China between October 2002 and December 2004. PARTICIPANTS： There were 177 patients in the cerebral infarction group, including 119 males and 58 females, with a mean age of （60 -＋ 13） years, and 234 healthy subjects in the normal control group, including 79 males and 155 females, with a mean age of （58 ± 12） years. METHODS： R219K polymorphism of the ABCA1 gene was detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, and blood lipid concentrations were simultaneously measured. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Genotype and allele frequency of R219K polymorphic site, and blood lipid concentrations. RESULTS： RR genotype and R allele frequency of males in the cerebral infarction were significantly greater than males in the normal control group [RR genotype： x2 = 5.305, OR （95% CO, 2.326 （1.120 4.828）, P〈 0.05; R allele： x2= 4.219, OR （95% CO, 1.528 （1.019 2.292）, P〈 0.05]. In addition, RR genotype and R allele frequency of males were significantly greater than females in the cerebral infarction group [RR genotype： x2= 5.172, OR （95% C/）, 2.604 （1.120-6.057）, P〈 0.05; R allele： x2= 4.818, OR （95% CO, 1.652 （1.053 2.589）, P〈 0.05]. There were no significant differences between genotype and lipid concentrations between the two groups （P〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The RR genotype of ABCA1 R219K might be associated with onset of cerebral infarction in males, but blood lipid concentrations do not relate to R219K polymorphism.
