Hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys are becoming increasingly popular in automotive and aerospace engineering fields due to their excellent overall performance,and grain refinement is regarded as an important way to improve cas...Hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys are becoming increasingly popular in automotive and aerospace engineering fields due to their excellent overall performance,and grain refinement is regarded as an important way to improve casting and mechanical properties.Titanium(Ti)is a basic element for grain refinement;thus,a certain amount of Ti is often included in Al-Si alloys.In the present work,the changes in the grain re-finement,mechanical,and casting properties of Al-Si alloys with different Ti concentration levels under various grain refinement conditions were systematically investigated.The specific roles of Ti in the het-erogeneous nucleation ofα-Al grains were summarized,and the formation mechanism of Ti-rich zones in Al-Si alloys was revealed.Excess Ti concentration could not efficiently reduce the grain size of Al-Si alloys and eventually resulted in inferior mechanical and casting qualities;hence,the recommended Ti concentration level for the aluminum alloy grades of A356 and A357 is≤0.1 wt%.Furthermore,an opti-mized technique for the grain refinement of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys was presented.A small amount of an Al-TCB master alloy was introduced to achieve the best grain refinement and mechanical properties in a trace Ti environment.The addition of 0.5 wt%of the Al-TCB master alloy at the Ti concentration level of 0.06 wt%increased the ultimate tensile strength,elongation,and quality index of the Al-7Si-0.45Mg alloy to 328.8±5.0 MPa,14.4%±0.6%,and 970.7±33.1 MPa,respectively.展开更多
A protective coating can aid in reducing mechanical harm to food during harvesting,handling,and trans-portation,resulting in fewer bruises,wounds,and other injuries,thereby improving the overall quality of the produce...A protective coating can aid in reducing mechanical harm to food during harvesting,handling,and trans-portation,resulting in fewer bruises,wounds,and other injuries,thereby improving the overall quality of the produce.In this study,coatings with 1%(w/v)chitosan(CS)and 0.6%(w/v)diepoxy-polyethylene glycol(PEG)were prepared by the co-blending method.According to the findings,increasing the PEG concentration enhanced the moisture content,water vapor permeability,and contact angle properties.In addition,when viewed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),the morphology of the films containing more PEG appeared rougher and denser.In addition,at room temperature,the freshness of‘Nanguo’pears and the antifungal efficacy of the coating against Penicillium italicum(P.italicum)and Botrytis cinerea(B.cinerea)were evaluated.According to the findings,the weight loss or total soluble solids of pears coated with CS or PEG did not differ significantly during storage.The fruit respiration rate and ascorbic acid(AA)and malondialdehyde(MDA)contents were maintained after coating CS insertion with PEG.The CS-PEG composite coating successfully inhibits the growth of P.italicum and B.cinerea(P.italicum>B.cinerea),according to an in vitro antifungal activity assay that was improved by adding PEG.According to principal component analysis(PCA)results,the CS-PEG coating significantly impacts pear sensory evaluation and firmness.At room temperature,the shelf life of pears with a CS-PEG coat has been extended from 15 days to 25 days.展开更多
Fruit stored in poor conditions undergo biochemical degradations that impact fruit physical qualities,such color and firmness,and reduce beneficial nutritional content including vitamins,flavonoids,phenols,and antioxi...Fruit stored in poor conditions undergo biochemical degradations that impact fruit physical qualities,such color and firmness,and reduce beneficial nutritional content including vitamins,flavonoids,phenols,and antioxidants.This study investigated the impact of a postharvest treatment of mandarins with edible coatings to prevent biochemical degradations and minimize color changes.The edible coating evaluated in this study is a composite of pregelatinized corn starch(PS),with a cellulose nano fiber(CF)Pickering emulsifier,and is enriched with basil essential oil(EO).The results of varying each parameter were then analyzed by the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)method to identify the best-performing edible coating.Using this method,the leading edible coating was identified as PS5EO3 formulized from 5%pregelatinized corn starch,3%basil essential oil and 0.5%cellulose nanofiber,with a ranking of 0.721 based on quality content,and 0.676 based on percentage change in nutrients after the 12 days of storage at 25℃.Mandarins coated with PS5EO3 significantly suppressed quality losses,and achieving the lowest losses of citric acid(10.45%),while maintaining color stability in terms of color density(14.97%)and percent polymer color(78.14%).展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China(Nos.52071189,U2241230,and 52301167).
文摘Hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys are becoming increasingly popular in automotive and aerospace engineering fields due to their excellent overall performance,and grain refinement is regarded as an important way to improve casting and mechanical properties.Titanium(Ti)is a basic element for grain refinement;thus,a certain amount of Ti is often included in Al-Si alloys.In the present work,the changes in the grain re-finement,mechanical,and casting properties of Al-Si alloys with different Ti concentration levels under various grain refinement conditions were systematically investigated.The specific roles of Ti in the het-erogeneous nucleation ofα-Al grains were summarized,and the formation mechanism of Ti-rich zones in Al-Si alloys was revealed.Excess Ti concentration could not efficiently reduce the grain size of Al-Si alloys and eventually resulted in inferior mechanical and casting qualities;hence,the recommended Ti concentration level for the aluminum alloy grades of A356 and A357 is≤0.1 wt%.Furthermore,an opti-mized technique for the grain refinement of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys was presented.A small amount of an Al-TCB master alloy was introduced to achieve the best grain refinement and mechanical properties in a trace Ti environment.The addition of 0.5 wt%of the Al-TCB master alloy at the Ti concentration level of 0.06 wt%increased the ultimate tensile strength,elongation,and quality index of the Al-7Si-0.45Mg alloy to 328.8±5.0 MPa,14.4%±0.6%,and 970.7±33.1 MPa,respectively.
基金The outstanding youth science fund project of Inner Mongolia agri-cultural university(2017XQG-4)The Excellent Youth Training program of the College of Food Science and Engineering of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(SPYQ202101)+2 种基金Young innovative talent of grassland talent project of Inner Mongolia(2020)Talent Develop-ment Fund of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2021)China Scholarship Council launched a scholarship program(2019),China.
文摘A protective coating can aid in reducing mechanical harm to food during harvesting,handling,and trans-portation,resulting in fewer bruises,wounds,and other injuries,thereby improving the overall quality of the produce.In this study,coatings with 1%(w/v)chitosan(CS)and 0.6%(w/v)diepoxy-polyethylene glycol(PEG)were prepared by the co-blending method.According to the findings,increasing the PEG concentration enhanced the moisture content,water vapor permeability,and contact angle properties.In addition,when viewed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),the morphology of the films containing more PEG appeared rougher and denser.In addition,at room temperature,the freshness of‘Nanguo’pears and the antifungal efficacy of the coating against Penicillium italicum(P.italicum)and Botrytis cinerea(B.cinerea)were evaluated.According to the findings,the weight loss or total soluble solids of pears coated with CS or PEG did not differ significantly during storage.The fruit respiration rate and ascorbic acid(AA)and malondialdehyde(MDA)contents were maintained after coating CS insertion with PEG.The CS-PEG composite coating successfully inhibits the growth of P.italicum and B.cinerea(P.italicum>B.cinerea),according to an in vitro antifungal activity assay that was improved by adding PEG.According to principal component analysis(PCA)results,the CS-PEG coating significantly impacts pear sensory evaluation and firmness.At room temperature,the shelf life of pears with a CS-PEG coat has been extended from 15 days to 25 days.
基金JSPS KAKENHI[Project no.JP19KK0169 and JP21H04748]for providing financial support for this researchThe Japanese Government(MEXT)Scholarship[Program no.17033]。
文摘Fruit stored in poor conditions undergo biochemical degradations that impact fruit physical qualities,such color and firmness,and reduce beneficial nutritional content including vitamins,flavonoids,phenols,and antioxidants.This study investigated the impact of a postharvest treatment of mandarins with edible coatings to prevent biochemical degradations and minimize color changes.The edible coating evaluated in this study is a composite of pregelatinized corn starch(PS),with a cellulose nano fiber(CF)Pickering emulsifier,and is enriched with basil essential oil(EO).The results of varying each parameter were then analyzed by the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)method to identify the best-performing edible coating.Using this method,the leading edible coating was identified as PS5EO3 formulized from 5%pregelatinized corn starch,3%basil essential oil and 0.5%cellulose nanofiber,with a ranking of 0.721 based on quality content,and 0.676 based on percentage change in nutrients after the 12 days of storage at 25℃.Mandarins coated with PS5EO3 significantly suppressed quality losses,and achieving the lowest losses of citric acid(10.45%),while maintaining color stability in terms of color density(14.97%)and percent polymer color(78.14%).
