Magnaporthe oryzae is the causal agent of rice blast. Glycosylation plays key roles in vegetative growth,development, and infection of M. oryzae. However, several glycosylation-related genes have not been characterize...Magnaporthe oryzae is the causal agent of rice blast. Glycosylation plays key roles in vegetative growth,development, and infection of M. oryzae. However, several glycosylation-related genes have not been characterized.In this study, we identified a Glyco_transf_22 domain-containing protein, MoAlg9, and found that MoAlg9 islocalized to the endoplasmic reticulum(ER). Deletion of MoALG9 significantly affected conidial production, normalappressorium formation, responses to stressors, and pathogenicity of M. oryzae. We also found that the ΔMoalg9mutant was defective in glycogen utilization, appressorial penetration, and invasive growth in host cells. Moreover,we further demonstrated that MoALG9 regulates the transcription of several target genes involved in conidiation,appressorium formation, and cell wall integrity. In addition, we found that the Glyco_transf_22 domain is essentialfor normal MoAlg9 function and localization. We also provide evidence that MoAlg9 is involved in N-glycosylationpathway in M. oryzae. Taken together, these results show that MoAlg9 is important for conidiation, appressoriumformation, maintenance of cell wall integrity, and the pathogenesis of M. oryzae.展开更多
Rice blast,caused by Magnaporthe oryzae,is a fungal disease that causes devastating damage to rice production worldwide.During infection,pathogens secrete effector proteins that modulate plant immunity.Disulfide bond ...Rice blast,caused by Magnaporthe oryzae,is a fungal disease that causes devastating damage to rice production worldwide.During infection,pathogens secrete effector proteins that modulate plant immunity.Disulfide bond formation catalyzed by protein disulfide isomerases(PDI)is essential for protein folding and maturation.However,the biological function of Pdi1 in M.oryzae has not yet been characterized.In this study,we identified the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-located protein,MoPdi1,in M.oryzae.MoPdi1 regulates conidiation,cell wall stress,and pathogenicity of M.oryzae.Furthermore,the CGHC active sites in the a and a'redox domain of MoPdi1 were essential for the biological function of MoPDI1.Further tests demonstrated that MoPdi1 was involved in the regulation of ER stress and positively regulated ER phagy.We also found that MoPdi1 interacted with MoHut1.Deletion of MoPDI1 led to the bereft of MoHut1 dimerization,which depends on the formation of disulfide bonds.In addition,MoPdi1 affected the normal secretion of the cytoplasmic effector AVR-Pia.We provided evidence that MoHut1 is important for the vegetative growth,conidiation,and pathogenicity in M.oryzae.Therefore,our findings could provide a suitable target point for designing antifungal agrochemicals against rice blast fungus.展开更多
The fruit of Huangguan pear is deeply loved by consumers because of its rich nutrition and rich flavor.The quality evaluation system of Huangguan pear is composed of many quality types.In this study,the types and func...The fruit of Huangguan pear is deeply loved by consumers because of its rich nutrition and rich flavor.The quality evaluation system of Huangguan pear is composed of many quality types.In this study,the types and functions of nutritional quality indexes of Huangguan pear were summarized,such as vitamin C,soluble solids,soluble sugar and titratable acid,and the factors affecting the nutritional quality of Huangguan pear including genetic factors,environmental factors and agricultural management measures were overviewed,aiming to provide reference for establishing a comprehensive quality evaluation system of Huangguan pear and then promoting the high-quality development of Huangguan pear industry.展开更多
There are many factors affecting the quality of fruit and vegetable agricultural products,such as environmental factors and agricultural management measures.The influencing factors and quality evaluation methods of fr...There are many factors affecting the quality of fruit and vegetable agricultural products,such as environmental factors and agricultural management measures.The influencing factors and quality evaluation methods of fruit and vegetable agricultural products were summarized,and its development trends were prospected.展开更多
Electrochemical degradation performances of three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs),acetaminophen(ACT),aspirin(ASP)and ibuprofen(IBP),were investigated and compared in their alone and mixture conditions us...Electrochemical degradation performances of three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs),acetaminophen(ACT),aspirin(ASP)and ibuprofen(IBP),were investigated and compared in their alone and mixture conditions using Ti/SnO_(2)-Sb/La-PbO_(2).The pseudo-first-order degradation kinetics(k)order was k_(IBP-A)(0.110 min^(-1))>k_(ASP-A)(0.092 min^(-1))>k_(ACRT-A)(0.066 min^(-1))in their alone condition,while that was k_(ACT-M)(0.088 min^(-1))>k_(ASP-M)(0.063 min^(-1))>k_(IBP-M)(0.057 min^(-1)) in their mixture condition.The·OH apparent production rate constant of 5.23 mmol L^(-1)min^(-1)m^(-2) and an electrical energy per order(E_(EO)) value of 6.55 Wh/L could ensure the synchronous degradation of the NSAIDs mixture.The mineralization efficiency of NSAIDs mixture was 86.9%at 240 min with a mineralization current efficiency of 1.67%.Acetic acid and oxalic acid were the main products in the mineralization process for the both conditions.In the mixture condition,there were higher k values at lower initial concentrations and higher current density,while the presence of carbonate and humic acid inhibited their degradation.The results indicated electrochemical advanced oxidation process can effectively and synchronously mineralize NSAIDs mixture in wastewater.展开更多
Hypoxia is the common characteristic of almost all solid tumors,which prevents therapeutic drugs from reaching the tumors.Therefore,the development of new targeted agents for the accurate diagnosis of hypoxia tumors i...Hypoxia is the common characteristic of almost all solid tumors,which prevents therapeutic drugs from reaching the tumors.Therefore,the development of new targeted agents for the accurate diagnosis of hypoxia tumors is widely concerned.As carbonic anhydrase IX(CA IX)is abundantly distributed on the hypoxia tumor cells,it is considered as a potential tumor biomarker.4-(2-Aminoethyl)benzenesulfonamide(ABS)as a CA IX inhibitor has inherent inhibitory activity and good targeting effect.In this study,Ag_(2)S quantum dots(QDs)were used as the carrier to prepare a novel diagnostic and therapeutic bioprobe(Ag_(2)S@polyethylene glycol(PEG)-ABS)through ligand exchange and amide condensation reaction.Ag_(2)S@PEG-ABS can selectively target tumors by surface-modified ABS and achieve accurate tumor imaging by the near infrared-II(NIR-II)fluorescence characteristics of Ag_(2)S QDs.PEG modification of Ag_(2)S QDs greatly improves its water solubility and stability,and therefore achieves high photothermal stability and high photothermal conversion efficiency(PCE)of 45.17%.Under laser irradiation,Ag_(2)S@PEG-ABS has powerful photothermal and inherent antitumor combinations on colon cancer cells(CT-26)in vitro.It also has been proved that Ag_(2)S@PEG-ABS can realize the effective treatment of hypoxia tumors in vivo and show good biocompatibility.Therefore,it is a new efficient integrated platform for the diagnosis and treatment of hypoxia tumors.展开更多
Traditional methods focus on the ultimate bending moment of glulam beams and the fracture failure of materials with defects,which usually depends on empirical parameters.There is no systematic theoretical method to pr...Traditional methods focus on the ultimate bending moment of glulam beams and the fracture failure of materials with defects,which usually depends on empirical parameters.There is no systematic theoretical method to predict the stiffness and shear distribution of glulam beams in elastic-plastic stage,and consequently,the failure of such glulam beams cannot be predicted effectively.To address these issues,an analytical method considering material nonlinearity was proposed for glulam beams,and the calculating equations of deflection and shear stress distribution for different failure modes were established.The proposed method was verified by experiments and numerical models under the corresponding conditions.Results showed that the theoretical calculations were in good agreement with experimental and numerical results,indicating that the equations proposed in this paper were reliable and accurate for such glulam beams with wood material in the elastic-plastic stage ignoring the influence of mechanic properties in radial and tangential directions of wood.Furthermore,the experimental results reported by the previous studies indicated that the method was applicable and could be used as a theoretical reference for predicting the failure of glulam beams.展开更多
Considering the glulam beam-column connection form and the number of bolts,monotonic loading test and finite element analysis was carried out on 9 connection specimens in 3 groups to study the rotational performance a...Considering the glulam beam-column connection form and the number of bolts,monotonic loading test and finite element analysis was carried out on 9 connection specimens in 3 groups to study the rotational performance and failure mode of the connection.The test results revealed that compared with U-shaped connectors,T-shaped connectors can effectively improve the ductility of connections,and the increase in the number of bolts can reduce the initial stiffness and ductility of connections.By theoretical analysis,formulas for calculating the initial stiffness and ultimate moment of connections were deduced.Subsequently,the moment-rotation theoretical model of connections was established based on the formulas,which were validated according to the test data and simulation results.The proposed model can not only improve the current theoretical system of heavy-duty glulam beam-column structure but also provide a theoretical basis for calculating the mechanical properties of the glulam beam-column connection.展开更多
Ecosystem services(ES),the benefits of ecosystem function and structure to human well⁃being,have been receiving continued attention from international community since the publication of the millennium ecosystem assess...Ecosystem services(ES),the benefits of ecosystem function and structure to human well⁃being,have been receiving continued attention from international community since the publication of the millennium ecosystem assessment(MA).While humans enjoy all kinds of services provided by the ecosystem,they are also adversely affected by the services provided by the ecosystem,which are called ecosystem disservices(EDS).Based on EDS related research,this paper expounds the EDS concept and connotation to urban park green space as the research object,defines the concept and classification of urban park green space ecosystem disservices(PEDS),and introduces the influencing factors of the listed examples of urban PEDSs.It also discusses equilibrium relationship of the urban park green space service and disservice,and summarizes the research on urban PEDS to improve the meaning of human well⁃being.Finally,it points out the factors that should be considered in the planning,design,management,and maintenance of future urban park green space.展开更多
Objective: To observe and compare the differences in the clinical effect and the incidences of adverse reactions oftranscatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) combined with elemene injection and cinobufagin injecti...Objective: To observe and compare the differences in the clinical effect and the incidences of adverse reactions oftranscatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) combined with elemene injection and cinobufagin injection respectively for middleand advanced primary hepatic carcinoma. Methods: A total of 104 cases of patients with middle and advanced primary hepaticcarcinoma who were treated in the oncology department from August 2018 to January 2020 were included as the study objects, andwere randomly divided into two groups according to different treatment regimens, 52 cases in each group. Both groups were treatedwith TACE once;the cinobufagin injection group was given intravenous infusion with 500 mL of 5% glucose injection and 10 mLof cinobufagin injection once a day. The elemene injection group was given intravenous infusion with elemene injection of 0.4 geach time and once a day. Both groups were treated for two courses, 15 days of continuous treatment with a rest of 15 days beingone course. The clinical effect, the changes in the indexes of liver function including alanine amino transferase(ALT), aspartatetransaminase(AST) and total bilirubin(TBil), the scores of alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) and Karnofsky (KPS) and tumor volumes aswell as the difference in the incidences of adverse reactions between the two groups were observed and compared. Results: Thetotal clinical effective rate was 88.46% in the elemene injection group and 71.15% in the cinobufagin injection group, and thedifference was significant(P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of ALT, AST and TBil in serum in the two groups were significantlydecreased when compared with those before treatment, differences being significant(P<0.05). There was no significant differencebeing found in the comparison of the levels of ALT, AST and TBil in serum between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, thedecrease of AFP, tumor volume and the increase of KPS scores in the elemene injection group were significantly more than thosein the cinobufagin injection group, differences being significant (P<0.01). During treatment, there was no significant differencebeing found in the comparison of the total incidences of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05). The adverse reactionsin the cinobufagin injection group were mainly nausea and vomiting, with higher incidence than that in the elemene injection group,the difference being significant (P<0.05). The adverse reactions in the elemene injection group were mainly pain at the injectionsite, with higher incidence than that in the cinobufagin injection group, the difference being significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Thetherapy of elemene injection combined with TACE for middle and advanced primary hepatic carcinoma has better clinical effect thanthat of cinobufagin injection, but the occ.展开更多
Understanding the effect of intermolecular interaction on the growth dynamic of active layers is critical for advancing organic solar cells(OSCs).However,the diverse structure of donors and acceptors makes the researc...Understanding the effect of intermolecular interaction on the growth dynamic of active layers is critical for advancing organic solar cells(OSCs).However,the diverse structure of donors and acceptors makes the research challenging.Additives with customizable structures and properties could simplify this complexity.Herein,we meticulously tailor two additives of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene(EDOT)and 2,5-dibromo-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene(DBEDOT),possessing distinct intermolecular interaction features to elaborate the inherent relationship.It is found that varied interaction strengths can alter film formation processes.The enhanced intermolecular interaction between the DBEDOT and non-fullerene acceptor BTP-e C9-4F results in pre-aggregation and longer crystallization duration of BTP-e C9-4F,facilitating the formation of films with compact molecular packing and decent phase separation.Thus,exciton dissociation and charge transport become more efficient.Finally,devices processed with DBEDOT exhibit a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 19.35%in small-area OSCs and 14.11%in bladecoated 5 cm×5 cm organic solar mini-modules.Especially,OSCs can maintain 80%of their initial efficiency after continuous annealing at 85℃for over 2,100 h.展开更多
Ionogels have garnered significant attention in soft electronics,sensors,and biomedicine due to their combination of flexibility,thermal stability,and ionic conductivity.Nonetheless,challenges associated with designin...Ionogels have garnered significant attention in soft electronics,sensors,and biomedicine due to their combination of flexibility,thermal stability,and ionic conductivity.Nonetheless,challenges associated with designing ionogels with reliable properties for health monitoring scenarios still remain.This review offers a novel perspective on the development of wearable sensors for health monitoring by comprehensively examining ionogel synthesis methodologies,highlighting critical performance parameters,and exploring underexplored applications.First,the design principles governing polymer network optimization and advanced manufacturing techniques for ionogels are elucidated.Then,the strategies for enhancing critical performance are discussed,followed by an exploration of specific application scenarios,including noninvasive biochemical analysis,real-time motion monitoring,and disease-specific assessments.Finally,an outlook on future challenges and opportunities in the emerging field of ionogels is provided.The establishment of a hierarchical health monitoring framework that integrates molecular-,individual-,and systemic-level perspectives offers readers a unique and in-depth understanding,which advances the comprehension of this emerging field.展开更多
Solution processability is a unique property of organic semiconductors. The compact and regular π-π stacking between molecules is paramount in the performance of organic optoelectronic devices. However, it is still ...Solution processability is a unique property of organic semiconductors. The compact and regular π-π stacking between molecules is paramount in the performance of organic optoelectronic devices. However, it is still a challenge to improve their stacking quality without sacrificing the solution-processability from the aspect of materials design. Here, delicately engineered additives are presented to promote the formation of ordered aggregation of conjugated molecules by regulating their nucleation and growth dynamics. Intriguingly, the long-chain BTP-eC9-4F molecules can realize ordered aggregation comparable to short-chain ones without sacrificing processability. The domain size of BTP-eC9-4F aggregation is enlarged from 24.2 to 32.2 nm in blend films.Thereby exciton diffusion and charge transport become faster, contributing to the suppression of recombination losses. As a result, a power conversion efficiency of 19.2% is achieved in D18:BTP-eC9-4F based organic photovoltaics. Our findings demonstrate a facile strategy to improve the packing quality of solution-processed organic semiconductors for high-efficiency photovoltaics and beyond photovoltaics.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32202253)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Higher Education Institutions, China (KJ2020A0102)the Talent Research Project of Anhui Agricultural University, China (rc342001)。
文摘Magnaporthe oryzae is the causal agent of rice blast. Glycosylation plays key roles in vegetative growth,development, and infection of M. oryzae. However, several glycosylation-related genes have not been characterized.In this study, we identified a Glyco_transf_22 domain-containing protein, MoAlg9, and found that MoAlg9 islocalized to the endoplasmic reticulum(ER). Deletion of MoALG9 significantly affected conidial production, normalappressorium formation, responses to stressors, and pathogenicity of M. oryzae. We also found that the ΔMoalg9mutant was defective in glycogen utilization, appressorial penetration, and invasive growth in host cells. Moreover,we further demonstrated that MoALG9 regulates the transcription of several target genes involved in conidiation,appressorium formation, and cell wall integrity. In addition, we found that the Glyco_transf_22 domain is essentialfor normal MoAlg9 function and localization. We also provide evidence that MoAlg9 is involved in N-glycosylationpathway in M. oryzae. Taken together, these results show that MoAlg9 is important for conidiation, appressoriumformation, maintenance of cell wall integrity, and the pathogenesis of M. oryzae.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32202253)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Higher Education Institutions,China(KJ2020A0102)the Talent Research Project of Anhui Agricultural University,China(rc342001)。
文摘Rice blast,caused by Magnaporthe oryzae,is a fungal disease that causes devastating damage to rice production worldwide.During infection,pathogens secrete effector proteins that modulate plant immunity.Disulfide bond formation catalyzed by protein disulfide isomerases(PDI)is essential for protein folding and maturation.However,the biological function of Pdi1 in M.oryzae has not yet been characterized.In this study,we identified the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-located protein,MoPdi1,in M.oryzae.MoPdi1 regulates conidiation,cell wall stress,and pathogenicity of M.oryzae.Furthermore,the CGHC active sites in the a and a'redox domain of MoPdi1 were essential for the biological function of MoPDI1.Further tests demonstrated that MoPdi1 was involved in the regulation of ER stress and positively regulated ER phagy.We also found that MoPdi1 interacted with MoHut1.Deletion of MoPDI1 led to the bereft of MoHut1 dimerization,which depends on the formation of disulfide bonds.In addition,MoPdi1 affected the normal secretion of the cytoplasmic effector AVR-Pia.We provided evidence that MoHut1 is important for the vegetative growth,conidiation,and pathogenicity in M.oryzae.Therefore,our findings could provide a suitable target point for designing antifungal agrochemicals against rice blast fungus.
基金Supported by The Fourth Batch of High-end Talent Project in Hebei ProvinceQuality Evaluation System Project of High-quality Fruits and Vegetables in Hebei Province.
文摘The fruit of Huangguan pear is deeply loved by consumers because of its rich nutrition and rich flavor.The quality evaluation system of Huangguan pear is composed of many quality types.In this study,the types and functions of nutritional quality indexes of Huangguan pear were summarized,such as vitamin C,soluble solids,soluble sugar and titratable acid,and the factors affecting the nutritional quality of Huangguan pear including genetic factors,environmental factors and agricultural management measures were overviewed,aiming to provide reference for establishing a comprehensive quality evaluation system of Huangguan pear and then promoting the high-quality development of Huangguan pear industry.
基金Supported by The Fourth Batch of High-end Talent Project in Hebei ProvinceQuality Evaluation System Project of High-Quality Fruits and Vegetables in Hebei Province.
文摘There are many factors affecting the quality of fruit and vegetable agricultural products,such as environmental factors and agricultural management measures.The influencing factors and quality evaluation methods of fruit and vegetable agricultural products were summarized,and its development trends were prospected.
基金financially supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.51625801)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51878169 and52000028)+2 种基金the Guangdong Innovation Team Project for Colleges and Universities(No.2016KCXTD023)Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme(2017)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2019A1515110182 and 2019A1515110681)。
文摘Electrochemical degradation performances of three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs),acetaminophen(ACT),aspirin(ASP)and ibuprofen(IBP),were investigated and compared in their alone and mixture conditions using Ti/SnO_(2)-Sb/La-PbO_(2).The pseudo-first-order degradation kinetics(k)order was k_(IBP-A)(0.110 min^(-1))>k_(ASP-A)(0.092 min^(-1))>k_(ACRT-A)(0.066 min^(-1))in their alone condition,while that was k_(ACT-M)(0.088 min^(-1))>k_(ASP-M)(0.063 min^(-1))>k_(IBP-M)(0.057 min^(-1)) in their mixture condition.The·OH apparent production rate constant of 5.23 mmol L^(-1)min^(-1)m^(-2) and an electrical energy per order(E_(EO)) value of 6.55 Wh/L could ensure the synchronous degradation of the NSAIDs mixture.The mineralization efficiency of NSAIDs mixture was 86.9%at 240 min with a mineralization current efficiency of 1.67%.Acetic acid and oxalic acid were the main products in the mineralization process for the both conditions.In the mixture condition,there were higher k values at lower initial concentrations and higher current density,while the presence of carbonate and humic acid inhibited their degradation.The results indicated electrochemical advanced oxidation process can effectively and synchronously mineralize NSAIDs mixture in wastewater.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos:82073808,82273885).
文摘Hypoxia is the common characteristic of almost all solid tumors,which prevents therapeutic drugs from reaching the tumors.Therefore,the development of new targeted agents for the accurate diagnosis of hypoxia tumors is widely concerned.As carbonic anhydrase IX(CA IX)is abundantly distributed on the hypoxia tumor cells,it is considered as a potential tumor biomarker.4-(2-Aminoethyl)benzenesulfonamide(ABS)as a CA IX inhibitor has inherent inhibitory activity and good targeting effect.In this study,Ag_(2)S quantum dots(QDs)were used as the carrier to prepare a novel diagnostic and therapeutic bioprobe(Ag_(2)S@polyethylene glycol(PEG)-ABS)through ligand exchange and amide condensation reaction.Ag_(2)S@PEG-ABS can selectively target tumors by surface-modified ABS and achieve accurate tumor imaging by the near infrared-II(NIR-II)fluorescence characteristics of Ag_(2)S QDs.PEG modification of Ag_(2)S QDs greatly improves its water solubility and stability,and therefore achieves high photothermal stability and high photothermal conversion efficiency(PCE)of 45.17%.Under laser irradiation,Ag_(2)S@PEG-ABS has powerful photothermal and inherent antitumor combinations on colon cancer cells(CT-26)in vitro.It also has been proved that Ag_(2)S@PEG-ABS can realize the effective treatment of hypoxia tumors in vivo and show good biocompatibility.Therefore,it is a new efficient integrated platform for the diagnosis and treatment of hypoxia tumors.
基金support from High-Level Natural ScienceFoundation of Hainan Province of China (Grant No. 2019RC055)National Natural Science Foundation ofChina (Grant No. 51808176) and the Project Funded by the National First-Class Disciplines (PNFD).
文摘Traditional methods focus on the ultimate bending moment of glulam beams and the fracture failure of materials with defects,which usually depends on empirical parameters.There is no systematic theoretical method to predict the stiffness and shear distribution of glulam beams in elastic-plastic stage,and consequently,the failure of such glulam beams cannot be predicted effectively.To address these issues,an analytical method considering material nonlinearity was proposed for glulam beams,and the calculating equations of deflection and shear stress distribution for different failure modes were established.The proposed method was verified by experiments and numerical models under the corresponding conditions.Results showed that the theoretical calculations were in good agreement with experimental and numerical results,indicating that the equations proposed in this paper were reliable and accurate for such glulam beams with wood material in the elastic-plastic stage ignoring the influence of mechanic properties in radial and tangential directions of wood.Furthermore,the experimental results reported by the previous studies indicated that the method was applicable and could be used as a theoretical reference for predicting the failure of glulam beams.
基金funded by the National First-class Disciplines(PNFD)High Level Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province of China(Grant No.2019RC055)Project Supported by the Education Department of Hainan Province(Project No.hnjg2021-13).
文摘Considering the glulam beam-column connection form and the number of bolts,monotonic loading test and finite element analysis was carried out on 9 connection specimens in 3 groups to study the rotational performance and failure mode of the connection.The test results revealed that compared with U-shaped connectors,T-shaped connectors can effectively improve the ductility of connections,and the increase in the number of bolts can reduce the initial stiffness and ductility of connections.By theoretical analysis,formulas for calculating the initial stiffness and ultimate moment of connections were deduced.Subsequently,the moment-rotation theoretical model of connections was established based on the formulas,which were validated according to the test data and simulation results.The proposed model can not only improve the current theoretical system of heavy-duty glulam beam-column structure but also provide a theoretical basis for calculating the mechanical properties of the glulam beam-column connection.
基金Sponsored by the Heilongjiang Education Science 13th Five⁃Year Plan(Grant No.GJC1318007).
文摘Ecosystem services(ES),the benefits of ecosystem function and structure to human well⁃being,have been receiving continued attention from international community since the publication of the millennium ecosystem assessment(MA).While humans enjoy all kinds of services provided by the ecosystem,they are also adversely affected by the services provided by the ecosystem,which are called ecosystem disservices(EDS).Based on EDS related research,this paper expounds the EDS concept and connotation to urban park green space as the research object,defines the concept and classification of urban park green space ecosystem disservices(PEDS),and introduces the influencing factors of the listed examples of urban PEDSs.It also discusses equilibrium relationship of the urban park green space service and disservice,and summarizes the research on urban PEDS to improve the meaning of human well⁃being.Finally,it points out the factors that should be considered in the planning,design,management,and maintenance of future urban park green space.
文摘Objective: To observe and compare the differences in the clinical effect and the incidences of adverse reactions oftranscatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) combined with elemene injection and cinobufagin injection respectively for middleand advanced primary hepatic carcinoma. Methods: A total of 104 cases of patients with middle and advanced primary hepaticcarcinoma who were treated in the oncology department from August 2018 to January 2020 were included as the study objects, andwere randomly divided into two groups according to different treatment regimens, 52 cases in each group. Both groups were treatedwith TACE once;the cinobufagin injection group was given intravenous infusion with 500 mL of 5% glucose injection and 10 mLof cinobufagin injection once a day. The elemene injection group was given intravenous infusion with elemene injection of 0.4 geach time and once a day. Both groups were treated for two courses, 15 days of continuous treatment with a rest of 15 days beingone course. The clinical effect, the changes in the indexes of liver function including alanine amino transferase(ALT), aspartatetransaminase(AST) and total bilirubin(TBil), the scores of alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) and Karnofsky (KPS) and tumor volumes aswell as the difference in the incidences of adverse reactions between the two groups were observed and compared. Results: Thetotal clinical effective rate was 88.46% in the elemene injection group and 71.15% in the cinobufagin injection group, and thedifference was significant(P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of ALT, AST and TBil in serum in the two groups were significantlydecreased when compared with those before treatment, differences being significant(P<0.05). There was no significant differencebeing found in the comparison of the levels of ALT, AST and TBil in serum between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, thedecrease of AFP, tumor volume and the increase of KPS scores in the elemene injection group were significantly more than thosein the cinobufagin injection group, differences being significant (P<0.01). During treatment, there was no significant differencebeing found in the comparison of the total incidences of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05). The adverse reactionsin the cinobufagin injection group were mainly nausea and vomiting, with higher incidence than that in the elemene injection group,the difference being significant (P<0.05). The adverse reactions in the elemene injection group were mainly pain at the injectionsite, with higher incidence than that in the cinobufagin injection group, the difference being significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Thetherapy of elemene injection combined with TACE for middle and advanced primary hepatic carcinoma has better clinical effect thanthat of cinobufagin injection, but the occ.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52303239,51933001)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2022QB141,2023HWYQ-087)。
文摘Understanding the effect of intermolecular interaction on the growth dynamic of active layers is critical for advancing organic solar cells(OSCs).However,the diverse structure of donors and acceptors makes the research challenging.Additives with customizable structures and properties could simplify this complexity.Herein,we meticulously tailor two additives of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene(EDOT)and 2,5-dibromo-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene(DBEDOT),possessing distinct intermolecular interaction features to elaborate the inherent relationship.It is found that varied interaction strengths can alter film formation processes.The enhanced intermolecular interaction between the DBEDOT and non-fullerene acceptor BTP-e C9-4F results in pre-aggregation and longer crystallization duration of BTP-e C9-4F,facilitating the formation of films with compact molecular packing and decent phase separation.Thus,exciton dissociation and charge transport become more efficient.Finally,devices processed with DBEDOT exhibit a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 19.35%in small-area OSCs and 14.11%in bladecoated 5 cm×5 cm organic solar mini-modules.Especially,OSCs can maintain 80%of their initial efficiency after continuous annealing at 85℃for over 2,100 h.
基金supported by the Startup Foundation of Beijing Institute of Technology(3160013532102,3160011182007).
文摘Ionogels have garnered significant attention in soft electronics,sensors,and biomedicine due to their combination of flexibility,thermal stability,and ionic conductivity.Nonetheless,challenges associated with designing ionogels with reliable properties for health monitoring scenarios still remain.This review offers a novel perspective on the development of wearable sensors for health monitoring by comprehensively examining ionogel synthesis methodologies,highlighting critical performance parameters,and exploring underexplored applications.First,the design principles governing polymer network optimization and advanced manufacturing techniques for ionogels are elucidated.Then,the strategies for enhancing critical performance are discussed,followed by an exploration of specific application scenarios,including noninvasive biochemical analysis,real-time motion monitoring,and disease-specific assessments.Finally,an outlook on future challenges and opportunities in the emerging field of ionogels is provided.The establishment of a hierarchical health monitoring framework that integrates molecular-,individual-,and systemic-level perspectives offers readers a unique and in-depth understanding,which advances the comprehension of this emerging field.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52303239)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2022QB141,2023HWYQ-087)+1 种基金Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&Devices,Soochow University(KJS2209)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2023NSFSC0990)。
文摘Solution processability is a unique property of organic semiconductors. The compact and regular π-π stacking between molecules is paramount in the performance of organic optoelectronic devices. However, it is still a challenge to improve their stacking quality without sacrificing the solution-processability from the aspect of materials design. Here, delicately engineered additives are presented to promote the formation of ordered aggregation of conjugated molecules by regulating their nucleation and growth dynamics. Intriguingly, the long-chain BTP-eC9-4F molecules can realize ordered aggregation comparable to short-chain ones without sacrificing processability. The domain size of BTP-eC9-4F aggregation is enlarged from 24.2 to 32.2 nm in blend films.Thereby exciton diffusion and charge transport become faster, contributing to the suppression of recombination losses. As a result, a power conversion efficiency of 19.2% is achieved in D18:BTP-eC9-4F based organic photovoltaics. Our findings demonstrate a facile strategy to improve the packing quality of solution-processed organic semiconductors for high-efficiency photovoltaics and beyond photovoltaics.
