Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by a decline in brain structure and function.Their pathology involves multiple cell death pathways,including ferroptosis,cuproptosis,and pyroptosis.These pathways are intri...Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by a decline in brain structure and function.Their pathology involves multiple cell death pathways,including ferroptosis,cuproptosis,and pyroptosis.These pathways are intricately linked to genes associated with metabolism,antioxidant defense,lipid metabolism,chronic inflammation,and nerve regeneration processes.Key regulators of atypical cell death pathways show aberrant N^(6)-methyladenosine modification levels under pathological conditions.As the most abundant and dynamic RNA modification in brain tissue,N^(6)-methyladenosine plays crucial functional roles.Notably,there exists an intricate interplay between N^(6)-methyladenosine modifications and these cell death pathways,both of which are robustly associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear.This paper reviews the correlation between N^(6)-methyladenosine and various cell death patterns in neurodegenerative diseases,with emphasis on the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between N^(6)-methyladenosine epigenetic regulation and ferroptosis,cuproptosis,and pyroptosis in cognitive impairment.N^(6)-methyladenosine-modified ferroptosis plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases.There is also a close association between N^(6)-methyladenosine modification and key molecules related to cuproptosis,which may promote the deposition of copper in the brain.Chronic inflammation,a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases,is related to pyroptosis and N^(6)-methyladenosine modification.It is widely thought that ferroptosis,cuproptosis,and pyroptosis are interconnected processes that may share a common pathway affecting the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases,and are related to key molecules involved in N^(6)-methyladenosine epigenetic modification.This suggests a great potential for future neurodegenerative diseases treatment strategies regulated by N^(6)-methyladenosine modification.N^(6)-methyladenosine modification plays a dual role in nerve injury and regeneration by dynamically regulating processes such as ferroptosis,cuproptosis,and pyroptosis and their key molecules.It maintains the“death-regeneration”balance in oxidative stress and inflammation while selectively promoting axon regeneration through the modulation of methylases.This mechanism indicates a considerable therapeutic target for neurological disorders.展开更多
Mitochondrial DNA variants have been linked to cognitive progression in Parkinson’s disease;however,the mechanisms by which mitochondrial DNA variants or haplogroups contribute to this process remain unclear.In the p...Mitochondrial DNA variants have been linked to cognitive progression in Parkinson’s disease;however,the mechanisms by which mitochondrial DNA variants or haplogroups contribute to this process remain unclear.In the present study,we analyzed single-nucleus RNA sequencing data from 241 post-mortem brain samples across five regions to investigate the dysregulatory mechanisms associated with mitochondrial DNA haplogroup H and haplogroups J,T,and U#.Our findings revealed significant alterations in the proportions of astrocyte subtypes CHI3L1 and GRM3 in the neocortical regions of haplogroup H.Notably,TTR was markedly downregulated in the dorsal motor nucleus of the Xth nerve region of patients with haplogroup H.Pathway analysis highlighted abnormal hypoxic and reactive oxygen species environments in astrocytes,whereas protein complex analysis revealed a consistent and significant elevation in ribosomal subunit complexes within the astrocyte subtypes.By constructing weighted and directed transcriptome-wide gene regulatory networks,we identified significant changes in transcription factor SP1 and homeobox protein HOXA5 activity in the astrocyte subtypes of individuals with haplogroup H.Additionally,widespread dysregulation was observed in the transcriptional control of TTR by multiple transcription factors.Parkinson’s disease patients with haplogroup H also exhibited increased network functional connectivity in specific brain regions.This data-driven study underscores the potential mechanisms by which mitochondrial DNA haplogroups contribute to cognitive progression in Parkinson’s disease,involving cellular composition changes,differential gene expression,pathway disruption,and gene regulatory networks.Our findings suggest that mitochondrial DNA haplogroup H may drive Parkinson’s disease cognitive progression through aberrant TTR expression and a hypoxic environment.展开更多
Objectives:B-cell lymphoma 6(BCL6)is a transcriptional repressor whose overexpression is closely linked to the progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL),making it a promising therapeutic target.This study ai...Objectives:B-cell lymphoma 6(BCL6)is a transcriptional repressor whose overexpression is closely linked to the progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL),making it a promising therapeutic target.This study aims to identify a novel small molecule,synthesized via proteolysis-targeting chimeras(PROTACs),capable of degrading BCL6,thereby inhibiting DLBCL growth and providing a foundation for future preclinical studies.Methods:The expression of BCL6 in DLBCL was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database and the Human Protein Atlas.Western blotting assays confirmed BCL6 expression in tumor cell lines,leading to the identification of the small molecule compound DZ-865B.To evaluate DZ-865B’s in vitro efficacy,multiple assays were performed,including protein immunoblotting,immunofluorescence,reverse transcription quantitative PCR,EDU proliferation,and soft agar cloning assays.Results:TCGA analysis revealed significant overexpression of BCL6 in DLBCL(p<0.05),corroborated by immunohistological staining and western blotting.DZ-865B induced BCL6 degradation in DLBCL cell lines(OCI-LY-1 and SU-DHL-4)in a concentration-and time-dependent manner,and induced the degradation of nuclear BCL6 through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.Notably,DZ-865B did not alter BCL6 mRNA levels but modulated downstream gene expression,leading to the activation of apoptosis pathway proteins and inhibition of DNA synthesis,effectively suppressing DLBCL cell growth.Conclusion:This study demonstrates that the small molecule DZ-865B targets and degrades BCL6 in DLBCL cells,promoting apoptosis and inhibiting cellular proliferation.These findings highlight DZ-865B as a potential therapeutic agent for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.展开更多
This work established a quantitative method to access the shear stability of aerobic granular sludge(AGS)and validated its feasibility by using the mature AGS from a pilot-scale(50 tons/day)membrane bioreactor(MBR)for...This work established a quantitative method to access the shear stability of aerobic granular sludge(AGS)and validated its feasibility by using the mature AGS from a pilot-scale(50 tons/day)membrane bioreactor(MBR)for treating real municipal wastewater.The results showed that the changing rate( S)of the peak area(S)of granule size distribution(GSD)exhibited an exponential relationship(R^(2)≥0.76)with the shear time(y=a−b·c^(x)),which was a suitable indicative index to reflect the shear stability of different AGS samples.The limiting granule size(LGS)was defined and proposed to characterize the equilibrium size for AGS after being sheared for a period of time,whose value in terms of Dv50 showed high correlation(R^(2)=0.92)with the parameter a.The free Ca^(2+)(28.44-34.21 mg/L)in the influent specifically interacted with polysaccharides(PS)in the granule’s extracellular polymeric substance(EPS)as a nucleation site,thereby inducing the formation of Ca precipitation to enhance its Young’s modulus,while Ca^(2+) primarily interacted with PS in soluble metabolic product(SMP)during the initial granulation process.Furthermore,the Young’s modulus significantly affected the parameter a related to shear stability(R^(2)=0.99).Since the parameter a was more closely related(R^(2)=1.00)to S than that of the parameter b or c,the excellent correlation(R^(2)=0.99)between the parameter a and the wet density further verified the feasibility of this method.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to perform visual analysis of the research hotspots and development trends of Cyperi Rhizoma in the field of antidepressant based on CiteSpace,so as to explore the application and ...[Objectives]This study was conducted to perform visual analysis of the research hotspots and development trends of Cyperi Rhizoma in the field of antidepressant based on CiteSpace,so as to explore the application and development direction of Cyperi Rhizoma in the field of antidepressant.[Methods]Highly-relevant literatures were selected from the core database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and CiteSpace and WPS office software were employed to visually analyze relevant contents such as publishing institutions,scholars,keywords,publishing time,and citation frequency.[Results]A total of 297 domestic relevant literatures were selected.Most of the publications,institutions and authors were concentrated in universities,affiliated institutions and scientific research institutes of traditional Chinese medicine in China,and no relatively novel applied research direction has emerged.At present,the hot spots and frontiers of application were mostly concentrated in its role in treating depression,anxiety,gynecological diseases and other disorders.[Conclusions]The research on Cyperi Rhizoma for its antidepressant effects in China originated in the late 20 th century.From 2004 to 2024,studies have primarily focused on its pharmacological principles,mechanisms of action,and classification,while the exploration of its application in specific depressive disorders was limited.Overall,research progress has been relatively slow.Currently,further efforts are needed to optimize the active antidepressant components of Cyperi Rhizoma and clarify its mechanisms of action,which will facilitate its broader application in treating various stages of depressive disorders.展开更多
Heart rate variability(HRV)that can reflect the dynamic balance between the sympathetic nervous and parasympathetic nervous of human autonomic nervous system(ANS)has attracted considerable attention.However,traditiona...Heart rate variability(HRV)that can reflect the dynamic balance between the sympathetic nervous and parasympathetic nervous of human autonomic nervous system(ANS)has attracted considerable attention.However,traditional electrocardiogram(ECG)devices for HRV analysis are bulky,and hard wires are needed to attach measuring electrodes to the chest,resulting in the poor wearable experience during the long-term measurement.Compared with that,wearable electronics enabling continuously cardiac signals monitoring and HRV assessment provide a desirable and promising approach for helping subjects determine sleeping issues,cardiovascular diseases,or other threats to physical and mental well-being.Until now,significant progress and advances have been achieved in wearable electronics for HRV monitoring and applications for predicting human physical and mental well-being.In this review,the latest progress in the integration of wearable electronics and HRV analysis as well as practical applications in assessment of human physical and mental health are included.The commonly used methods and physiological signals for HRV analysis are briefly summarized.Furthermore,we highlighted the research on wearable electronics concerning HRV assessment and diverse applications such as stress estimation,drowsiness detection,etc.Lastly,the current limitations of the integrated wearable HRV system are concluded,and possible solutions in such a research direction are outlined.展开更多
Widespread soil acidification driven by nitrogen(N)fertilization and precipitation challenges the conventional notion of the long-term stability of soil inorganic carbon(SIC)in agroecosystems.However,the changes in SI...Widespread soil acidification driven by nitrogen(N)fertilization and precipitation challenges the conventional notion of the long-term stability of soil inorganic carbon(SIC)in agroecosystems.However,the changes in SIC with precipitation and N fertilization remain ambiguous.Based on 4,000+soil samples collected in the 1980s and 2010s and by developing machine learning models to fill the missing SIC of soil samples,this study generated 3,697 paired soil samples between the two periods and then investigated the cropland SIC change and explored its relationship with precipitation and N fertilization across the Sichuan Basin,China.The results showed an overall SIC loss,with a decline of the mean SIC by 15.73%.SIC change varied with initial soil pH and initial SIC and exhibited an exponential relationship with soil pH change,indicating the changing role of carbonates in providing acid-buffering capacity.There was a parabolical relationship between the magnitude of SIC decline and N fertilizer rates,and low N fertilizer rates contributed to a reduction in SIC loss,while SIC loss was promoted by N fertilization occurred when N fertilizing rates exceeded 250 kg ha^(-1) yr^(-1).The change in SIC showed a sinusoidal variation with precipitation,with 950 mm being the threshold controlling whether SIC increased or decreased.Meanwhile,N fertilization did not alter the sinusoidal relationship between SIC change and precipitation.In areas with rainfall<950 mm,the high N fertilizer rate did not cause SIC loss,while higher precipitation could also cause larger SIC loss in areas with lower N fertilizer rates.These results suggest that SIC dynamics are jointly driven by precipitation and N fertilization and are controlled by acid-buffering mechanisms associated with initial pH and SIC,with precipitation being the predominant driver.These findings emphasize the need for more regional soil observations and in-depth studies of SIC change and its mechanisms for accurately estimating SIC change.展开更多
In the context of globalization,it is crucial for China to foster cultural confidence and present the achievements of Chinese-style modernization to the world.Among them,video dissemination,as the mainstream communica...In the context of globalization,it is crucial for China to foster cultural confidence and present the achievements of Chinese-style modernization to the world.Among them,video dissemination,as the mainstream communication method,is a popular way of cultural transmission.Therefore,it is of great significance to produce videos that tell Chinese stories in foreign languages.This paper analyzes a large number of foreign-language videos that spread the Chinese modernization narrative.Through this analysis,it studies and summarizes several video production strategies,and constructs a video production strategy model framework.This study aims to help video creators have more guidelines to produce short videos that spread Chinese-style modernization.It can promote Chinese culture,facilitate cultural exchange,and demonstrate cultural confidence.展开更多
Soy-protein isolate(SPI)was used to prepare non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU)thermosetting adhesives for wood panels by reacting it with dimethyl carbonate(DMC)and hexamethylene diamine.Both linear as well as branched...Soy-protein isolate(SPI)was used to prepare non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU)thermosetting adhesives for wood panels by reacting it with dimethyl carbonate(DMC)and hexamethylene diamine.Both linear as well as branched oligomers were obtained and identified,indicating how such oligomer structures could further cross-link to form a hardened network.Unusual structures were observed,namely carbamic acid-derived urethane linkages coupled with lactam structures.The curing of the adhesive was followed by thermomechanical analysis(TMA).It appeared to follow a two stages process:First,at a lower temperature(maximum 130℃),the growth of linear oligomers occurred,finally forming a physically entangled network.This appeared to collapse and disentangle,causing a decrease of MOE,as the temperature increases.This appears to be due to the ever more marked Brownian movements of the linear oligomer chains with the increase of the temperature.Second,chemical cross-linking of the chains appeared to ensue,forming a hardened network.This was shown by the thermomechanical analysis(TMA)showing two distinct MOE maxima peaks,one around 130℃ and the other around 220℃,with a very marked MOE decrease between the two.Plywood panels were prepared and bonded with the SPI-NIPU wood adhesive and the results obtained are presented.The adhesive appeared to pass comfortably the requirements for dry strength of relevant standards,showing to be suitable for interior grade plywood panels.It did not pass the requirements for wet tests.However,addition of 15%of glycerol diglycidyl ether improved the wet tests results but still not enough to satisfy the standards requirements.展开更多
Iron-chromium redox flow batteries (ICRFBs) possess advantages of high safety,long cycle time,and lowcost.Increasing Cr^(3+)/Cr^(2+)reaction activity is suggested as one of the most promising strategies to improve the...Iron-chromium redox flow batteries (ICRFBs) possess advantages of high safety,long cycle time,and lowcost.Increasing Cr^(3+)/Cr^(2+)reaction activity is suggested as one of the most promising strategies to improve the performance and prolong the lifetime of ICRFBs.To improve the slow reaction kinetics of the negative electrode,a type of defected carbon cloth with Bismuth (Bi) catalyst introduction is prepared by defect engineering method and electrochemical deposition,which provided defect sites and active sites to catalyze the redox couple’s reaction of ICRFBs.Furthermore,this modified carbon cloth adsorbs Cr(Ⅲ)hydrate more easily,which has a more stable structure and can significantly improve the performance of ICRFBs.Both experimental analysis and theoretical calculation indicated that the modified electrode has excellent electrocatalytic ability,which can enhance the reaction rate of Cr^(3+)/Cr^(2+),improve capacity retention and stabilize cycling performance.The capacity degradation rate of an ICRFB single cell with the modified electrodes is just 0.23%per cycle at a current density of 140 m A/cm^(2).Additionally,the energy efficiency (EE) remains around 83%,which is 8.45%higher than that of the pristine electrode assembled battery under 60 cycles.This work supplies a simple method to obtain a high-performance electrode material for ICRFBs and makes it a practical solution to promote ICFRBs large-scale commercialization process.展开更多
Wet dust removal is one of the main technical measures in coal dust control,and coal dust wetting is the key factor to determine the effect of wet dust removal.In order to explore the micro-wetting process of coal dus...Wet dust removal is one of the main technical measures in coal dust control,and coal dust wetting is the key factor to determine the effect of wet dust removal.In order to explore the micro-wetting process of coal dust,this paper uses molecular dynamics simulation to study the micro-wetting process of coal dust in different simulation conditions.The molecular dynamics simulation was carried out under different ensemble,thermodynamic states as well as relaxation pretreatment methods,then the H_(2)O molecular layer and coal dust molecular layer in each simulation were quantitatively analyzed by relative concentration.The research results show that a method for establishing molecular model of lignite is proposed and the 2D periodic surface structure is more reasonable.The surface system of coal-H_(2)O molecule is established by NVT aeration method,where the simulation result is close to the actual coal dust wetting process.The simulation effect of medium and large coal dust-H_(2)O molecular system is better than that of small coal dust-H_(2)O molecular system.This study provides a new solution for changing the empirical method of molecular dynamics simulation of coal system wetting and oversimplification of coal system.展开更多
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic progressive end-stage lung disease. However, the mechanisms underlying the progression of this disease remain elusive. Presently, clinically employed drugs are scarce for the treat...Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic progressive end-stage lung disease. However, the mechanisms underlying the progression of this disease remain elusive. Presently, clinically employed drugs are scarce for the treatment of PF. Hence, there is an urgent need for developing novel drugs to address such diseases. Our study found for the first time that a natural source of Prismatomeris connata Y. Z. Ruan (Huang Gen, HG) ethyl acetate extract (HG-2) had a significant anti-PF effect by inhibiting the expression of the transforming growth factor beta 1/suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (TGF-β1/Smad) pathway. Network pharmacological analysis suggested that HG-2 had effects on tyrosine kinase phosphorylation, cellular response to reactive oxygen species, and extracellular matrix (ECM) disassembly. Moreover, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) was used to visualize the heterogeneous distribution of endogenous metabolites in lung tissue and reveal the anti-PF metabolic mechanism of HG-2, which was related to arginine biosynthesis and alanine, asparate and glutamate metabolism, the downregulation of arachidonic acid metabolism, and the upregulation of glycerophospholipid metabolism. In conclusion, we elaborated on the relationship between metabolite distribution and the progression of PF, constructed the regulatory metabolic network of HG-2, and discovered the multi-target therapeutic effect of HG-2, which might be conducive to the development of new drugs for PF.展开更多
Objective:This study investigated the regulatory effect of non-classical immune parameters on immune thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)mice by a spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing formula(SQBF).Method...Objective:This study investigated the regulatory effect of non-classical immune parameters on immune thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)mice by a spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing formula(SQBF).Method:A total of 80 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four equal groups(20 mice each):control group,model group,prednisone group and spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing(SQBF)group.Mice in the model group,prednisone group,and SQBF group were administered anti-platelet serum to induce ITP.The dynamic variations of platelet counts in ITP mice were measured with an automatic blood analyzer before modeling and 48 h,and 8,12 and 15 days following APS injection.Levels of b-endorphin(b-EP),vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)and salivary IgA(SIgA)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)on 15th day of experiment.Results:SQBF enhanced peripheral blood platelet counts in ITP mice similar to that of prednisone,and both groups showed a statistically significant response compared with the model group(P<.01).The SQBF significantly decreased b-EP levels compared with the model and prednisone intervention groups(P<.05),significantly increased the levels of VIP and SIgA in ITP mice compared with the model group(P<.05)and had significant protective effects on the thymus of ITP mice compared with the model group(P<.01).Conclusions:The SQBF had a similar effect to prednisone with regards to enhancing peripheral blood platelet counts in ITP mice.Furthermore,it decreased b-EP levels and increased VIP and SIgA,and protected the thymus.This shows that,on base of the brain-gut axis functions,some non-classical immune vascular active factors or neurotransmitters are also involved in immune responses,and also have relationship with the onset of ITP and bleeding and/or hemostasis.It needs further study to determine whether a change in these active factors is related to immediate hemostasis.展开更多
Objective: To explore the hemostatic mechanism of Jianpi Yiqi Shexue decoction(JYSD) by regulating vascular factors in an immune thrombocytopenia(ITP) mouse model.Methods: An ITP mouse model was established by the pas...Objective: To explore the hemostatic mechanism of Jianpi Yiqi Shexue decoction(JYSD) by regulating vascular factors in an immune thrombocytopenia(ITP) mouse model.Methods: An ITP mouse model was established by the passive-immune modeling method, and interventional drugs used were prednisone tablets and JYSD. The platelet count;vascular activity-related factors v WF, VCAM-1, and TM;and VEGF and b FGF were used as observational indicators.Results: On the 8th day of administration, compared with the model group, platelet counts in the prednisone and JYSD groups increased(both P <.001). Compared with the control group, the levels of v WF, VCAM-1, and TM in the other groups were lower(all P <.05). The VCAM-1 level in the JYSD group was higher than that in the prednisone group(P =.012), but without significant difference compared with the model group(P =.051). The TM level in the JYSD group was the lowest(vs. the model group,P =.047;vs. the prednisone group, P =.006). Compared with the control group, the IOD values of VEGF and b FGF in the other three groups were lower(all P <.01). The IOD values of VEGF in the prednisone and JYSD groups were both higher than those in the model group(P =.002 and P <.001, respectively). The IOD values of b FGF among the model, prednisone, and JYSD groups were not statistically significant(P >.05).Conclusion: A vascular factor disorder is involved in the pathogenesis of ITP. JYSD can increase the platelet count, upregulate VEGF expression, and reduce the TM level. JYSD has the same effect as prednisone tablets in regulating platelet, v WF, VEGF, and b FGF, with a stronger effect in normalizing VCAM-1 and TM levels. The hemostatic mechanism of JYSD is closely related to the effective balance of vascular factors.展开更多
McKibben muscles are increasingly used in many robotic applications due to their advantages of lightweight,compliant,and skeletal muscles-like behaviours.However,there are still huge challenges in the motion control o...McKibben muscles are increasingly used in many robotic applications due to their advantages of lightweight,compliant,and skeletal muscles-like behaviours.However,there are still huge challenges in the motion control of McKibben muscles due to the system nonlinearity(e.g.,hysteresis)and model uncertainties.To investigate the control issues,a soft artificial arm actuated by an antagonistic pair of McKibben muscles,mimicking the biological structure of skeleton-muscle systems,is developed.Inspired by the biological motor control capability that humans can control and coordinate a group of muscles to achieve complex motions,a cerebellum-like controller based on Spiking Neural Networks(SNNs)is employed for the motion control of the developed artificial arm.Benefit from the employment of the SNN-based cerebellar model,the proposed control scheme provides online adaptive learning capability,good computational efficiency,fast response,and strong robustness.Finally,several simulations and experiments are conducted subject to different environmental disturbances.Both simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed method can achieve good tracking performance,adaptability,and strong robustness.展开更多
ABSTRACT Non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU)foams using a hydrolysable tannin,also vulgarly called tannic acid,namely here commercial chestnut wood tannin extract was prepared.Compression strength did not appear to depe...ABSTRACT Non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU)foams using a hydrolysable tannin,also vulgarly called tannic acid,namely here commercial chestnut wood tannin extract was prepared.Compression strength did not appear to depend on the foam apparent density while the formulation composition of the NIPU foams has been shown to be more determinant.These NIPU foams appeared to be self-extinguishing once the high temperature flame is removed.The ignition time gave encouraging results but for improved fire resistance the foams may need some fire-retardant addition.FTIR spectrometry showed the formation of non-isocyanate urethane linkages.Thermogravimetric analysis indicated a good thermal resistance of these foams,with thermal degradation following four phases.First in the interval 25℃–120℃ range,mainly evaporation of water occurs with a maximal loss of 10%weight.In the 150℃–450℃ temperature range foams mass loss is of almost 70%.In particular in the 125℃–275℃ range occurs the degradation of some small molecular weight substances.In the 500℃–790℃ temperature range the foams do not present any further large degradation.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the anti-angiogenic effect of tea polyphenols(TPS)on breast cancer and normal tissues in a mouse model.Methods:Breast cancer was successfully implanted into 48 BALB/c mice,which were then rand...Objective:To investigate the anti-angiogenic effect of tea polyphenols(TPS)on breast cancer and normal tissues in a mouse model.Methods:Breast cancer was successfully implanted into 48 BALB/c mice,which were then randomly divided into a TP oral gavage group,a TP local injection group,a ginsenoside Rg3 group,and a model control group according to a random number table.The tumor inhibitory rates of each group were calculated,while microvessel density(MVD)and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP-2)were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results:TPs could inhibit the growth of breast cancer xenografts in the mouse model.The tumor inhibition rates of the TP oral gavage and TP local injection groups were 37.43%and 40.94%,respectively.Compared with the model control group,MVD and VEGF and bFGF expression was downregulated(all P<.05),whereas TIMP-2 expression was elevated in the TP oral gavage and TP local injection groups(P=.015 and P=.032).TPs showed no significant effect on MVD and VEGF and TIMP-2 expression in the heart,brain,and kidney of the mouse model.Conclusion:TPs can restrict the growth of breast cancer by specifically inhibiting the angiogenesis of breast tumor tissue while having little effect on the normal tissue of important organs including the heart,brain,and kidney.展开更多
基金supported by The Youth Talent Support Program of China Association of Chinese Medicine(2024-2026),No.CACM-2024-QNRC2-B36(to QX)The Central High-level Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine:Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dongzhimen Hospital Talent Training Program-Youth Reserve Talent Project,No.DZMG-QNHB0010(to QX)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(Outstanding Youth Program),No.YQ2022H003(to DW).
文摘Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by a decline in brain structure and function.Their pathology involves multiple cell death pathways,including ferroptosis,cuproptosis,and pyroptosis.These pathways are intricately linked to genes associated with metabolism,antioxidant defense,lipid metabolism,chronic inflammation,and nerve regeneration processes.Key regulators of atypical cell death pathways show aberrant N^(6)-methyladenosine modification levels under pathological conditions.As the most abundant and dynamic RNA modification in brain tissue,N^(6)-methyladenosine plays crucial functional roles.Notably,there exists an intricate interplay between N^(6)-methyladenosine modifications and these cell death pathways,both of which are robustly associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear.This paper reviews the correlation between N^(6)-methyladenosine and various cell death patterns in neurodegenerative diseases,with emphasis on the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between N^(6)-methyladenosine epigenetic regulation and ferroptosis,cuproptosis,and pyroptosis in cognitive impairment.N^(6)-methyladenosine-modified ferroptosis plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases.There is also a close association between N^(6)-methyladenosine modification and key molecules related to cuproptosis,which may promote the deposition of copper in the brain.Chronic inflammation,a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases,is related to pyroptosis and N^(6)-methyladenosine modification.It is widely thought that ferroptosis,cuproptosis,and pyroptosis are interconnected processes that may share a common pathway affecting the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases,and are related to key molecules involved in N^(6)-methyladenosine epigenetic modification.This suggests a great potential for future neurodegenerative diseases treatment strategies regulated by N^(6)-methyladenosine modification.N^(6)-methyladenosine modification plays a dual role in nerve injury and regeneration by dynamically regulating processes such as ferroptosis,cuproptosis,and pyroptosis and their key molecules.It maintains the“death-regeneration”balance in oxidative stress and inflammation while selectively promoting axon regeneration through the modulation of methylases.This mechanism indicates a considerable therapeutic target for neurological disorders.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program,No.JCYJ20240813151132042the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32270701 and 32470708+1 种基金Young Talent Recruitment Project of Guangdong,No.2019QN01Y139the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,No.2023B1212060018(all to GL).
文摘Mitochondrial DNA variants have been linked to cognitive progression in Parkinson’s disease;however,the mechanisms by which mitochondrial DNA variants or haplogroups contribute to this process remain unclear.In the present study,we analyzed single-nucleus RNA sequencing data from 241 post-mortem brain samples across five regions to investigate the dysregulatory mechanisms associated with mitochondrial DNA haplogroup H and haplogroups J,T,and U#.Our findings revealed significant alterations in the proportions of astrocyte subtypes CHI3L1 and GRM3 in the neocortical regions of haplogroup H.Notably,TTR was markedly downregulated in the dorsal motor nucleus of the Xth nerve region of patients with haplogroup H.Pathway analysis highlighted abnormal hypoxic and reactive oxygen species environments in astrocytes,whereas protein complex analysis revealed a consistent and significant elevation in ribosomal subunit complexes within the astrocyte subtypes.By constructing weighted and directed transcriptome-wide gene regulatory networks,we identified significant changes in transcription factor SP1 and homeobox protein HOXA5 activity in the astrocyte subtypes of individuals with haplogroup H.Additionally,widespread dysregulation was observed in the transcriptional control of TTR by multiple transcription factors.Parkinson’s disease patients with haplogroup H also exhibited increased network functional connectivity in specific brain regions.This data-driven study underscores the potential mechanisms by which mitochondrial DNA haplogroups contribute to cognitive progression in Parkinson’s disease,involving cellular composition changes,differential gene expression,pathway disruption,and gene regulatory networks.Our findings suggest that mitochondrial DNA haplogroup H may drive Parkinson’s disease cognitive progression through aberrant TTR expression and a hypoxic environment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82260716)the Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia(2023BEG02010).
文摘Objectives:B-cell lymphoma 6(BCL6)is a transcriptional repressor whose overexpression is closely linked to the progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL),making it a promising therapeutic target.This study aims to identify a novel small molecule,synthesized via proteolysis-targeting chimeras(PROTACs),capable of degrading BCL6,thereby inhibiting DLBCL growth and providing a foundation for future preclinical studies.Methods:The expression of BCL6 in DLBCL was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database and the Human Protein Atlas.Western blotting assays confirmed BCL6 expression in tumor cell lines,leading to the identification of the small molecule compound DZ-865B.To evaluate DZ-865B’s in vitro efficacy,multiple assays were performed,including protein immunoblotting,immunofluorescence,reverse transcription quantitative PCR,EDU proliferation,and soft agar cloning assays.Results:TCGA analysis revealed significant overexpression of BCL6 in DLBCL(p<0.05),corroborated by immunohistological staining and western blotting.DZ-865B induced BCL6 degradation in DLBCL cell lines(OCI-LY-1 and SU-DHL-4)in a concentration-and time-dependent manner,and induced the degradation of nuclear BCL6 through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.Notably,DZ-865B did not alter BCL6 mRNA levels but modulated downstream gene expression,leading to the activation of apoptosis pathway proteins and inhibition of DNA synthesis,effectively suppressing DLBCL cell growth.Conclusion:This study demonstrates that the small molecule DZ-865B targets and degrades BCL6 in DLBCL cells,promoting apoptosis and inhibiting cellular proliferation.These findings highlight DZ-865B as a potential therapeutic agent for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
基金supported by the Key Technologies Research and Development Program of Guangzhou (No.2023B03J1284)Guangdong Yuehai Water Investment Co.,Ltd. (No.CC80-QT01-2020-0010).
文摘This work established a quantitative method to access the shear stability of aerobic granular sludge(AGS)and validated its feasibility by using the mature AGS from a pilot-scale(50 tons/day)membrane bioreactor(MBR)for treating real municipal wastewater.The results showed that the changing rate( S)of the peak area(S)of granule size distribution(GSD)exhibited an exponential relationship(R^(2)≥0.76)with the shear time(y=a−b·c^(x)),which was a suitable indicative index to reflect the shear stability of different AGS samples.The limiting granule size(LGS)was defined and proposed to characterize the equilibrium size for AGS after being sheared for a period of time,whose value in terms of Dv50 showed high correlation(R^(2)=0.92)with the parameter a.The free Ca^(2+)(28.44-34.21 mg/L)in the influent specifically interacted with polysaccharides(PS)in the granule’s extracellular polymeric substance(EPS)as a nucleation site,thereby inducing the formation of Ca precipitation to enhance its Young’s modulus,while Ca^(2+) primarily interacted with PS in soluble metabolic product(SMP)during the initial granulation process.Furthermore,the Young’s modulus significantly affected the parameter a related to shear stability(R^(2)=0.99).Since the parameter a was more closely related(R^(2)=1.00)to S than that of the parameter b or c,the excellent correlation(R^(2)=0.99)between the parameter a and the wet density further verified the feasibility of this method.
基金Supported by Undergraduate Innovation and Enterpreneurship Training Program of Guangxi(S202310600067)Guangxi First-class Discipline Construction Project(GJKY[2022]1).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to perform visual analysis of the research hotspots and development trends of Cyperi Rhizoma in the field of antidepressant based on CiteSpace,so as to explore the application and development direction of Cyperi Rhizoma in the field of antidepressant.[Methods]Highly-relevant literatures were selected from the core database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and CiteSpace and WPS office software were employed to visually analyze relevant contents such as publishing institutions,scholars,keywords,publishing time,and citation frequency.[Results]A total of 297 domestic relevant literatures were selected.Most of the publications,institutions and authors were concentrated in universities,affiliated institutions and scientific research institutes of traditional Chinese medicine in China,and no relatively novel applied research direction has emerged.At present,the hot spots and frontiers of application were mostly concentrated in its role in treating depression,anxiety,gynecological diseases and other disorders.[Conclusions]The research on Cyperi Rhizoma for its antidepressant effects in China originated in the late 20 th century.From 2004 to 2024,studies have primarily focused on its pharmacological principles,mechanisms of action,and classification,while the exploration of its application in specific depressive disorders was limited.Overall,research progress has been relatively slow.Currently,further efforts are needed to optimize the active antidepressant components of Cyperi Rhizoma and clarify its mechanisms of action,which will facilitate its broader application in treating various stages of depressive disorders.
基金supported in part by National Science and Technology Major Project from the Minister of Science and Technology of China(2018AAA0103100).
文摘Heart rate variability(HRV)that can reflect the dynamic balance between the sympathetic nervous and parasympathetic nervous of human autonomic nervous system(ANS)has attracted considerable attention.However,traditional electrocardiogram(ECG)devices for HRV analysis are bulky,and hard wires are needed to attach measuring electrodes to the chest,resulting in the poor wearable experience during the long-term measurement.Compared with that,wearable electronics enabling continuously cardiac signals monitoring and HRV assessment provide a desirable and promising approach for helping subjects determine sleeping issues,cardiovascular diseases,or other threats to physical and mental well-being.Until now,significant progress and advances have been achieved in wearable electronics for HRV monitoring and applications for predicting human physical and mental well-being.In this review,the latest progress in the integration of wearable electronics and HRV analysis as well as practical applications in assessment of human physical and mental health are included.The commonly used methods and physiological signals for HRV analysis are briefly summarized.Furthermore,we highlighted the research on wearable electronics concerning HRV assessment and diverse applications such as stress estimation,drowsiness detection,etc.Lastly,the current limitations of the integrated wearable HRV system are concluded,and possible solutions in such a research direction are outlined.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42330707 and 41930647)the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72221002)the Science and Technology Plan of Sichuan Province,China(2022NSFSC0104).
文摘Widespread soil acidification driven by nitrogen(N)fertilization and precipitation challenges the conventional notion of the long-term stability of soil inorganic carbon(SIC)in agroecosystems.However,the changes in SIC with precipitation and N fertilization remain ambiguous.Based on 4,000+soil samples collected in the 1980s and 2010s and by developing machine learning models to fill the missing SIC of soil samples,this study generated 3,697 paired soil samples between the two periods and then investigated the cropland SIC change and explored its relationship with precipitation and N fertilization across the Sichuan Basin,China.The results showed an overall SIC loss,with a decline of the mean SIC by 15.73%.SIC change varied with initial soil pH and initial SIC and exhibited an exponential relationship with soil pH change,indicating the changing role of carbonates in providing acid-buffering capacity.There was a parabolical relationship between the magnitude of SIC decline and N fertilizer rates,and low N fertilizer rates contributed to a reduction in SIC loss,while SIC loss was promoted by N fertilization occurred when N fertilizing rates exceeded 250 kg ha^(-1) yr^(-1).The change in SIC showed a sinusoidal variation with precipitation,with 950 mm being the threshold controlling whether SIC increased or decreased.Meanwhile,N fertilization did not alter the sinusoidal relationship between SIC change and precipitation.In areas with rainfall<950 mm,the high N fertilizer rate did not cause SIC loss,while higher precipitation could also cause larger SIC loss in areas with lower N fertilizer rates.These results suggest that SIC dynamics are jointly driven by precipitation and N fertilization and are controlled by acid-buffering mechanisms associated with initial pH and SIC,with precipitation being the predominant driver.These findings emphasize the need for more regional soil observations and in-depth studies of SIC change and its mechanisms for accurately estimating SIC change.
基金funded by 2024 National-level College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(JWXC2024077)2024 Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project of WZU(JWXC2024077)Zhejiang Foreign Language Society Project(ZWYB2023023).
文摘In the context of globalization,it is crucial for China to foster cultural confidence and present the achievements of Chinese-style modernization to the world.Among them,video dissemination,as the mainstream communication method,is a popular way of cultural transmission.Therefore,it is of great significance to produce videos that tell Chinese stories in foreign languages.This paper analyzes a large number of foreign-language videos that spread the Chinese modernization narrative.Through this analysis,it studies and summarizes several video production strategies,and constructs a video production strategy model framework.This study aims to help video creators have more guidelines to produce short videos that spread Chinese-style modernization.It can promote Chinese culture,facilitate cultural exchange,and demonstrate cultural confidence.
文摘Soy-protein isolate(SPI)was used to prepare non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU)thermosetting adhesives for wood panels by reacting it with dimethyl carbonate(DMC)and hexamethylene diamine.Both linear as well as branched oligomers were obtained and identified,indicating how such oligomer structures could further cross-link to form a hardened network.Unusual structures were observed,namely carbamic acid-derived urethane linkages coupled with lactam structures.The curing of the adhesive was followed by thermomechanical analysis(TMA).It appeared to follow a two stages process:First,at a lower temperature(maximum 130℃),the growth of linear oligomers occurred,finally forming a physically entangled network.This appeared to collapse and disentangle,causing a decrease of MOE,as the temperature increases.This appears to be due to the ever more marked Brownian movements of the linear oligomer chains with the increase of the temperature.Second,chemical cross-linking of the chains appeared to ensue,forming a hardened network.This was shown by the thermomechanical analysis(TMA)showing two distinct MOE maxima peaks,one around 130℃ and the other around 220℃,with a very marked MOE decrease between the two.Plywood panels were prepared and bonded with the SPI-NIPU wood adhesive and the results obtained are presented.The adhesive appeared to pass comfortably the requirements for dry strength of relevant standards,showing to be suitable for interior grade plywood panels.It did not pass the requirements for wet tests.However,addition of 15%of glycerol diglycidyl ether improved the wet tests results but still not enough to satisfy the standards requirements.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52211530034)General project of Beijing Natural Science Fund(No.3222018)。
文摘Iron-chromium redox flow batteries (ICRFBs) possess advantages of high safety,long cycle time,and lowcost.Increasing Cr^(3+)/Cr^(2+)reaction activity is suggested as one of the most promising strategies to improve the performance and prolong the lifetime of ICRFBs.To improve the slow reaction kinetics of the negative electrode,a type of defected carbon cloth with Bismuth (Bi) catalyst introduction is prepared by defect engineering method and electrochemical deposition,which provided defect sites and active sites to catalyze the redox couple’s reaction of ICRFBs.Furthermore,this modified carbon cloth adsorbs Cr(Ⅲ)hydrate more easily,which has a more stable structure and can significantly improve the performance of ICRFBs.Both experimental analysis and theoretical calculation indicated that the modified electrode has excellent electrocatalytic ability,which can enhance the reaction rate of Cr^(3+)/Cr^(2+),improve capacity retention and stabilize cycling performance.The capacity degradation rate of an ICRFB single cell with the modified electrodes is just 0.23%per cycle at a current density of 140 m A/cm^(2).Additionally,the energy efficiency (EE) remains around 83%,which is 8.45%higher than that of the pristine electrode assembled battery under 60 cycles.This work supplies a simple method to obtain a high-performance electrode material for ICRFBs and makes it a practical solution to promote ICFRBs large-scale commercialization process.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51874290)Jiangsu Province"Qinglan Project"and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2019XKQYMS74).
文摘Wet dust removal is one of the main technical measures in coal dust control,and coal dust wetting is the key factor to determine the effect of wet dust removal.In order to explore the micro-wetting process of coal dust,this paper uses molecular dynamics simulation to study the micro-wetting process of coal dust in different simulation conditions.The molecular dynamics simulation was carried out under different ensemble,thermodynamic states as well as relaxation pretreatment methods,then the H_(2)O molecular layer and coal dust molecular layer in each simulation were quantitatively analyzed by relative concentration.The research results show that a method for establishing molecular model of lignite is proposed and the 2D periodic surface structure is more reasonable.The surface system of coal-H_(2)O molecule is established by NVT aeration method,where the simulation result is close to the actual coal dust wetting process.The simulation effect of medium and large coal dust-H_(2)O molecular system is better than that of small coal dust-H_(2)O molecular system.This study provides a new solution for changing the empirical method of molecular dynamics simulation of coal system wetting and oversimplification of coal system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:82074104)the Research Project of Clinical Toxicology Transformation from the Chinese Society of Toxicology,China(Grant No.:CST2021CT101)the Chinese Academy of Medical Science Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences,China(Grant Nos.:2017-I2M-1-011 and 2022-I2M-2-002).
文摘Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic progressive end-stage lung disease. However, the mechanisms underlying the progression of this disease remain elusive. Presently, clinically employed drugs are scarce for the treatment of PF. Hence, there is an urgent need for developing novel drugs to address such diseases. Our study found for the first time that a natural source of Prismatomeris connata Y. Z. Ruan (Huang Gen, HG) ethyl acetate extract (HG-2) had a significant anti-PF effect by inhibiting the expression of the transforming growth factor beta 1/suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (TGF-β1/Smad) pathway. Network pharmacological analysis suggested that HG-2 had effects on tyrosine kinase phosphorylation, cellular response to reactive oxygen species, and extracellular matrix (ECM) disassembly. Moreover, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) was used to visualize the heterogeneous distribution of endogenous metabolites in lung tissue and reveal the anti-PF metabolic mechanism of HG-2, which was related to arginine biosynthesis and alanine, asparate and glutamate metabolism, the downregulation of arachidonic acid metabolism, and the upregulation of glycerophospholipid metabolism. In conclusion, we elaborated on the relationship between metabolite distribution and the progression of PF, constructed the regulatory metabolic network of HG-2, and discovered the multi-target therapeutic effect of HG-2, which might be conducive to the development of new drugs for PF.
文摘Objective:This study investigated the regulatory effect of non-classical immune parameters on immune thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)mice by a spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing formula(SQBF).Method:A total of 80 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four equal groups(20 mice each):control group,model group,prednisone group and spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing(SQBF)group.Mice in the model group,prednisone group,and SQBF group were administered anti-platelet serum to induce ITP.The dynamic variations of platelet counts in ITP mice were measured with an automatic blood analyzer before modeling and 48 h,and 8,12 and 15 days following APS injection.Levels of b-endorphin(b-EP),vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)and salivary IgA(SIgA)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)on 15th day of experiment.Results:SQBF enhanced peripheral blood platelet counts in ITP mice similar to that of prednisone,and both groups showed a statistically significant response compared with the model group(P<.01).The SQBF significantly decreased b-EP levels compared with the model and prednisone intervention groups(P<.05),significantly increased the levels of VIP and SIgA in ITP mice compared with the model group(P<.05)and had significant protective effects on the thymus of ITP mice compared with the model group(P<.01).Conclusions:The SQBF had a similar effect to prednisone with regards to enhancing peripheral blood platelet counts in ITP mice.Furthermore,it decreased b-EP levels and increased VIP and SIgA,and protected the thymus.This shows that,on base of the brain-gut axis functions,some non-classical immune vascular active factors or neurotransmitters are also involved in immune responses,and also have relationship with the onset of ITP and bleeding and/or hemostasis.It needs further study to determine whether a change in these active factors is related to immediate hemostasis.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2013CB531705)the National Natural Science Foundation Youth Project of China(81703903 and 81803904)
文摘Objective: To explore the hemostatic mechanism of Jianpi Yiqi Shexue decoction(JYSD) by regulating vascular factors in an immune thrombocytopenia(ITP) mouse model.Methods: An ITP mouse model was established by the passive-immune modeling method, and interventional drugs used were prednisone tablets and JYSD. The platelet count;vascular activity-related factors v WF, VCAM-1, and TM;and VEGF and b FGF were used as observational indicators.Results: On the 8th day of administration, compared with the model group, platelet counts in the prednisone and JYSD groups increased(both P <.001). Compared with the control group, the levels of v WF, VCAM-1, and TM in the other groups were lower(all P <.05). The VCAM-1 level in the JYSD group was higher than that in the prednisone group(P =.012), but without significant difference compared with the model group(P =.051). The TM level in the JYSD group was the lowest(vs. the model group,P =.047;vs. the prednisone group, P =.006). Compared with the control group, the IOD values of VEGF and b FGF in the other three groups were lower(all P <.01). The IOD values of VEGF in the prednisone and JYSD groups were both higher than those in the model group(P =.002 and P <.001, respectively). The IOD values of b FGF among the model, prednisone, and JYSD groups were not statistically significant(P >.05).Conclusion: A vascular factor disorder is involved in the pathogenesis of ITP. JYSD can increase the platelet count, upregulate VEGF expression, and reduce the TM level. JYSD has the same effect as prednisone tablets in regulating platelet, v WF, VEGF, and b FGF, with a stronger effect in normalizing VCAM-1 and TM levels. The hemostatic mechanism of JYSD is closely related to the effective balance of vascular factors.
文摘McKibben muscles are increasingly used in many robotic applications due to their advantages of lightweight,compliant,and skeletal muscles-like behaviours.However,there are still huge challenges in the motion control of McKibben muscles due to the system nonlinearity(e.g.,hysteresis)and model uncertainties.To investigate the control issues,a soft artificial arm actuated by an antagonistic pair of McKibben muscles,mimicking the biological structure of skeleton-muscle systems,is developed.Inspired by the biological motor control capability that humans can control and coordinate a group of muscles to achieve complex motions,a cerebellum-like controller based on Spiking Neural Networks(SNNs)is employed for the motion control of the developed artificial arm.Benefit from the employment of the SNN-based cerebellar model,the proposed control scheme provides online adaptive learning capability,good computational efficiency,fast response,and strong robustness.Finally,several simulations and experiments are conducted subject to different environmental disturbances.Both simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed method can achieve good tracking performance,adaptability,and strong robustness.
文摘ABSTRACT Non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU)foams using a hydrolysable tannin,also vulgarly called tannic acid,namely here commercial chestnut wood tannin extract was prepared.Compression strength did not appear to depend on the foam apparent density while the formulation composition of the NIPU foams has been shown to be more determinant.These NIPU foams appeared to be self-extinguishing once the high temperature flame is removed.The ignition time gave encouraging results but for improved fire resistance the foams may need some fire-retardant addition.FTIR spectrometry showed the formation of non-isocyanate urethane linkages.Thermogravimetric analysis indicated a good thermal resistance of these foams,with thermal degradation following four phases.First in the interval 25℃–120℃ range,mainly evaporation of water occurs with a maximal loss of 10%weight.In the 150℃–450℃ temperature range foams mass loss is of almost 70%.In particular in the 125℃–275℃ range occurs the degradation of some small molecular weight substances.In the 500℃–790℃ temperature range the foams do not present any further large degradation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(30472280)and Independent innovation project of Capital Medical Development Research Fund/Traditional Chinese Medicine(SF-2009-III-13).
文摘Objective:To investigate the anti-angiogenic effect of tea polyphenols(TPS)on breast cancer and normal tissues in a mouse model.Methods:Breast cancer was successfully implanted into 48 BALB/c mice,which were then randomly divided into a TP oral gavage group,a TP local injection group,a ginsenoside Rg3 group,and a model control group according to a random number table.The tumor inhibitory rates of each group were calculated,while microvessel density(MVD)and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP-2)were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results:TPs could inhibit the growth of breast cancer xenografts in the mouse model.The tumor inhibition rates of the TP oral gavage and TP local injection groups were 37.43%and 40.94%,respectively.Compared with the model control group,MVD and VEGF and bFGF expression was downregulated(all P<.05),whereas TIMP-2 expression was elevated in the TP oral gavage and TP local injection groups(P=.015 and P=.032).TPs showed no significant effect on MVD and VEGF and TIMP-2 expression in the heart,brain,and kidney of the mouse model.Conclusion:TPs can restrict the growth of breast cancer by specifically inhibiting the angiogenesis of breast tumor tissue while having little effect on the normal tissue of important organs including the heart,brain,and kidney.
