Background Pork quality and flavor are critical determinants of consumer preference,yet the role of gut microbiota in shaping meat characteristics remains underexplored.In this study,we investigated how a probiotic co...Background Pork quality and flavor are critical determinants of consumer preference,yet the role of gut microbiota in shaping meat characteristics remains underexplored.In this study,we investigated how a probiotic consortium(FAM:Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis)modulates the gut-muscle axis to enhance pork flavor.Results In finishing pigs,FAM supplementation significantly increased flavor-associated nucleotides and umamienhancing amino acids in longissimus dorsi muscle.Metagenomic analysis revealed FAM-driven enrichment of glycandegrading Prevotella and short-chain fatty acid-producing Phascolarctobacterium,accompanied by reduced antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors.Spearman correlation linked Prevotella copri abundance with elevated muscle amino acids,suggesting microbial-encoded CAZymes as key mediators.Conclusions This study provides the first evidence that probiotic-induced gut microbiota remodeling enhances pork flavor through metabolic cross-talk along the gut-muscle axis.The findings suggest a novel strategy for improving pork quality via dietary interventions targeting gut microbiota.展开更多
Early growth response protein 1(Egr-1)triggers the transcription of many genes involved in cell growth,differentiation,synaptic plasticity,and neurogenesis.However,its mechanism in neuronal survival and degeneration i...Early growth response protein 1(Egr-1)triggers the transcription of many genes involved in cell growth,differentiation,synaptic plasticity,and neurogenesis.However,its mechanism in neuronal survival and degeneration is still poorly understood.This study demonstrated that Egr-1 was down-regulated at mRNA and protein levels in the central nervous system(CNS)of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)mice.Egr-1 knockout exacerbated EAE progression in mice,as shown by increased disease severity and incidence;it also aggravated neuronal apoptosis,which was associated with weakened activation of the BDNF/TGFβ1/MAPK/Akt signaling pathways in the CNS of EAE mice.Consistently,Egr-1 siRNA promoted apoptosis but mitigated the activation of BDNF/TGFβ1/MAPK/Akt signaling in SH-SY5Y cells.Our results revealed that Egr-1 is a crucial regulator of neuronal survival in EAE by regulating TGFβ1-mediated signaling activation,implicating the important role of Egr-1 in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis as a potential novel therapy target.展开更多
Domestic pigs are shaped by artificial and natural selection into obese and lean types that are closely related to muscle tissue.However,the key genes and regulatory mechanisms behind these developments remain largely...Domestic pigs are shaped by artificial and natural selection into obese and lean types that are closely related to muscle tissue.However,the key genes and regulatory mechanisms behind these developments remain largely unknown.Here,we pinpoint GRB10 specificity in muscle tissue and cells between obese and lean pigs by combining genomics,transcriptomics,epigenomics,and single-cell transcriptomics.GRB10 shows notable differences in divergent selection on haplotype blocks and expression levels between obese and lean pig breeds,with its expression profiles varying significantly by tissue and development stage.Notably,we identify a muscle-specific promoter of GRB10 and its transcription factor KLF15.This TF-promoter binding is verified by dual luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation(Ch IP)assays,and is suggested to be conserved in humans.Single-nucleus RNA sequencing further highlights differential expression patterns of GRB10 between obese and lean pig breeds across various cell types.Type IIa myonuclei and TTN+FAPs,which are more predominant in lean pigs,play a crucial role in myofibril assembly and muscle tissue development.These findings offer insights into the regulatory mechanisms controlling muscle growth.They highlight the tissue-and cell type-specific effects of GRB10 on muscle heterogeneity,which has potential applications in livestock breeding and human obesity research.展开更多
基金funded by the Key Science and Technology Plan Project of Haikou 546(2023–2024).
文摘Background Pork quality and flavor are critical determinants of consumer preference,yet the role of gut microbiota in shaping meat characteristics remains underexplored.In this study,we investigated how a probiotic consortium(FAM:Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis)modulates the gut-muscle axis to enhance pork flavor.Results In finishing pigs,FAM supplementation significantly increased flavor-associated nucleotides and umamienhancing amino acids in longissimus dorsi muscle.Metagenomic analysis revealed FAM-driven enrichment of glycandegrading Prevotella and short-chain fatty acid-producing Phascolarctobacterium,accompanied by reduced antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors.Spearman correlation linked Prevotella copri abundance with elevated muscle amino acids,suggesting microbial-encoded CAZymes as key mediators.Conclusions This study provides the first evidence that probiotic-induced gut microbiota remodeling enhances pork flavor through metabolic cross-talk along the gut-muscle axis.The findings suggest a novel strategy for improving pork quality via dietary interventions targeting gut microbiota.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82074043,82104425,82374065,and 81673626)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M702217).
文摘Early growth response protein 1(Egr-1)triggers the transcription of many genes involved in cell growth,differentiation,synaptic plasticity,and neurogenesis.However,its mechanism in neuronal survival and degeneration is still poorly understood.This study demonstrated that Egr-1 was down-regulated at mRNA and protein levels in the central nervous system(CNS)of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)mice.Egr-1 knockout exacerbated EAE progression in mice,as shown by increased disease severity and incidence;it also aggravated neuronal apoptosis,which was associated with weakened activation of the BDNF/TGFβ1/MAPK/Akt signaling pathways in the CNS of EAE mice.Consistently,Egr-1 siRNA promoted apoptosis but mitigated the activation of BDNF/TGFβ1/MAPK/Akt signaling in SH-SY5Y cells.Our results revealed that Egr-1 is a crucial regulator of neuronal survival in EAE by regulating TGFβ1-mediated signaling activation,implicating the important role of Egr-1 in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis as a potential novel therapy target.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172765)。
文摘Domestic pigs are shaped by artificial and natural selection into obese and lean types that are closely related to muscle tissue.However,the key genes and regulatory mechanisms behind these developments remain largely unknown.Here,we pinpoint GRB10 specificity in muscle tissue and cells between obese and lean pigs by combining genomics,transcriptomics,epigenomics,and single-cell transcriptomics.GRB10 shows notable differences in divergent selection on haplotype blocks and expression levels between obese and lean pig breeds,with its expression profiles varying significantly by tissue and development stage.Notably,we identify a muscle-specific promoter of GRB10 and its transcription factor KLF15.This TF-promoter binding is verified by dual luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation(Ch IP)assays,and is suggested to be conserved in humans.Single-nucleus RNA sequencing further highlights differential expression patterns of GRB10 between obese and lean pig breeds across various cell types.Type IIa myonuclei and TTN+FAPs,which are more predominant in lean pigs,play a crucial role in myofibril assembly and muscle tissue development.These findings offer insights into the regulatory mechanisms controlling muscle growth.They highlight the tissue-and cell type-specific effects of GRB10 on muscle heterogeneity,which has potential applications in livestock breeding and human obesity research.
