The research on metal dimer clusters is of great importance,owing to the potential in modulating the adsorption behavior towards reaction intermediates.Here,we develop a loading heightening strategy to obtain a 32.5wt...The research on metal dimer clusters is of great importance,owing to the potential in modulating the adsorption behavior towards reaction intermediates.Here,we develop a loading heightening strategy to obtain a 32.5wt%Fe-dimer catalyst(Fe-32.5).The co-anchoring of two Fe atoms in a single triazine ring of carbon nitride with an atomic spacing of∼0.23nm is proved.Fe atoms occupy the pores of the triazine ring in the lower iron content sample(Fe-12.9 and Fe-17.1).However,with the increase of iron content to 32.5wt%,two Fe atoms simultaneously occupy one triazine ring.For Fe-32.5,besides the main peak located at∼1.5Åcorresponding to the Fe–N interaction,a peak attributed to Fe–Fe bonding is observed at∼2.2Åin Fourier-transformed k3-weithted extended X-ray absorption fine structure.Density functional theoretical calculations reveal that Fe-dimer in Fe-32.5 induces a charge redistribution compared with that in Fe-12.9 and Fe-17.1.H_(2)O^(∗)is adsorbed on O^(∗)via hydrogen bonding in Fe-12.9 and Fe-17.1.However,H_(2)O^(∗)and O^(∗)in Fe-32.5 are adsorbed on Fe–Fe dimer,resulting in a decrease in the total energy of the reaction process.For the two former,O_(2)^(-)∗adsorbs on individual Fe atoms.Fe-dimer in Fe-32.5 adsorbs O_(2)^(-)∗in the form of bridge bonds,which facilitates the·O_(2)^(-)release.Furthermore,an enhanced affinity for the substrate 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine and higher peroxidase-like activity were displayed.This work provides an effective mean to synthesize metal dimer clusters through high loading.展开更多
The large current density of electrochemical CO_(2)reduction towards industrial application is challenging.Herein,without strong acid and reductant,the synthesized BiVO_(4)with abundant oxygen vacancies(Ovs)exhibited ...The large current density of electrochemical CO_(2)reduction towards industrial application is challenging.Herein,without strong acid and reductant,the synthesized BiVO_(4)with abundant oxygen vacancies(Ovs)exhibited a high formate Faradaic efficiency(FE)of 97.45%(-0.9 V)and a large partial current density of-45.82 mA/cm^(2)(-1.2 V).The good performance benefits from the reconstruction of BiVO_(4)to generate active metal Bi sites,which results in the electron redistribution to boost the OCHO∗formation.In flow cells,near industrial current density of 183.94 mA/cm^(2)was achieved,with the FE of formate above 95%from 20mA/cm^(2)to 180mA/cm^(2).Our work provides a facily synthesized BiVO_(4)precatalyst for CO_(2)electroreduction.展开更多
Cooking fume produced by oil and food at a high temperature releases large amount of fine particulate matter（PM） which have a potential hazard to human health. This chamber study investigated particle emission chara...Cooking fume produced by oil and food at a high temperature releases large amount of fine particulate matter（PM） which have a potential hazard to human health. This chamber study investigated particle emission characteristics originated from using four types of oil（soybean oil, olive oil, peanut oil and lard） and different kinds of food materials（meat and vegetable）. The corresponding emission factors（EFs） of number, mass, surface area and volume for particles were discussed. Temporal variation of size-fractionated particle concentration showed that olive oil produced the highest number PM concentration for the entire cooking process. Multiple path particle dosimetry（MPPD） model was performed to predict deposition in the human respiratory tract. Results showed that the pulmonary airway deposition fraction was the largest. It was also found that particles produced from olive oil led to the highest deposition. We strongly recommend minimizing the moisture content of ingredients before cooking and giving priority to the use of peanut oil instead of olive oil to reduce human exposure to PM.展开更多
To realize the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,CO_(2)capture and utilization technology is becoming increasingly urgent.However,the low efficiency and complex processes limit its large-scale application.A...To realize the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,CO_(2)capture and utilization technology is becoming increasingly urgent.However,the low efficiency and complex processes limit its large-scale application.Among utilization technology of CO_(2),electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)has attracted interest,attributing to the use of clean energy and the final product of value-added fuels.The construction of catalysts with integrated CO_(2)capture and reduction ability is expected to bridge the gap between CO_(2)capture and conversion,achieving the direct utilization of flue gas,reducing costs,and simplifying devices.Keeping`this in mind,we give this review to introduce the problems of lowconcentration CO_(2)RR and the significance of coupled CO_(2)capture/conversion electrocatalysts in addressing the emission of industrial flue gas first.Then,the regulation strategies,including functional group modification,co-catalytic effect,and catalysts-impurities interaction,which affected the CO_(2)capture and electroreduction capacity towards catalysts were summarized and discussed.Finally,the challenges and perspectives about the design for linked CO_(2)capture/conversion processes were proposed.This review will provide new insight into the building of multifunctional catalysts for CO_(2)conversion.展开更多
The two-dimensional(2D)transient heat conduction problems with/without heat sources in a rectangular domain under different combinations of temperature and heat flux boundary conditions are studied by a novel symplect...The two-dimensional(2D)transient heat conduction problems with/without heat sources in a rectangular domain under different combinations of temperature and heat flux boundary conditions are studied by a novel symplectic superposition method(SSM).The solution process is within the Hamiltonian system framework such that the mathematical procedures in the symplectic space can be implemented,which provides an exceptional direct rigorous derivation without any assumptions or predetermination of the solution forms compared with the conventional inverse/semi-inverse methods.The distinctive advantage of the SSM offers an access to new analytic heat conduction solutions.The results obtained by the SSM agree well with those obtained from the finite element method(FEM),which confirms the accuracy of the SSM.展开更多
High-resolution flexible electronic devices are widely used in the fields of soft robotics,smart human-machine interaction,and intelligent e-healthcare monitoring due to their mechanical flexibility,ductility,and comp...High-resolution flexible electronic devices are widely used in the fields of soft robotics,smart human-machine interaction,and intelligent e-healthcare monitoring due to their mechanical flexibility,ductility,and compactness.The electrohydrodynamic jet printing(e-jet printing)technique is used for constructing high-resolution and cross-scale flexible electronic devices such as field-effect transistors(FETs),flexible sensors,and flexible displays.As a result,researchers are paying close attention to e-jet printing flexible electronic devices.In this review,we focused on the latest advancements in high-resolution flexible electronics made by e-jet printing technology,including various materials used in e-jet printing inks,the process control of e-jet printing,and their applications.First,we summarized various functional ink materials available for e-jet printing,including organic,inorganic,and hybrid materials.Then,the interface controlling the progress of e-jet printing was discussed in detail,including the physical and chemical properties of the functional ink,the interfacial wettability between the ink and substrate,and the microdroplet injection behavior in a high-voltage field.Additionally,various applications of e-jet printing in the fields of flexible electrodes,FETs,flexible sensors,and flexible displays were demonstrated.Finally,the future problems and potential associated with the development of next generation e-jet printing technology for flexible electronic devices were also presented.展开更多
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52301011)Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.524QN226)the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices,Ministry of Education,Jianghan University(No.JDGD-202315).
文摘The research on metal dimer clusters is of great importance,owing to the potential in modulating the adsorption behavior towards reaction intermediates.Here,we develop a loading heightening strategy to obtain a 32.5wt%Fe-dimer catalyst(Fe-32.5).The co-anchoring of two Fe atoms in a single triazine ring of carbon nitride with an atomic spacing of∼0.23nm is proved.Fe atoms occupy the pores of the triazine ring in the lower iron content sample(Fe-12.9 and Fe-17.1).However,with the increase of iron content to 32.5wt%,two Fe atoms simultaneously occupy one triazine ring.For Fe-32.5,besides the main peak located at∼1.5Åcorresponding to the Fe–N interaction,a peak attributed to Fe–Fe bonding is observed at∼2.2Åin Fourier-transformed k3-weithted extended X-ray absorption fine structure.Density functional theoretical calculations reveal that Fe-dimer in Fe-32.5 induces a charge redistribution compared with that in Fe-12.9 and Fe-17.1.H_(2)O^(∗)is adsorbed on O^(∗)via hydrogen bonding in Fe-12.9 and Fe-17.1.However,H_(2)O^(∗)and O^(∗)in Fe-32.5 are adsorbed on Fe–Fe dimer,resulting in a decrease in the total energy of the reaction process.For the two former,O_(2)^(-)∗adsorbs on individual Fe atoms.Fe-dimer in Fe-32.5 adsorbs O_(2)^(-)∗in the form of bridge bonds,which facilitates the·O_(2)^(-)release.Furthermore,an enhanced affinity for the substrate 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine and higher peroxidase-like activity were displayed.This work provides an effective mean to synthesize metal dimer clusters through high loading.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(No.2022ZZTS0579).
文摘The large current density of electrochemical CO_(2)reduction towards industrial application is challenging.Herein,without strong acid and reductant,the synthesized BiVO_(4)with abundant oxygen vacancies(Ovs)exhibited a high formate Faradaic efficiency(FE)of 97.45%(-0.9 V)and a large partial current density of-45.82 mA/cm^(2)(-1.2 V).The good performance benefits from the reconstruction of BiVO_(4)to generate active metal Bi sites,which results in the electron redistribution to boost the OCHO∗formation.In flow cells,near industrial current density of 183.94 mA/cm^(2)was achieved,with the FE of formate above 95%from 20mA/cm^(2)to 180mA/cm^(2).Our work provides a facily synthesized BiVO_(4)precatalyst for CO_(2)electroreduction.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(No.91543120)the Shanghai Natural Science Fund(No.14ZR1435600)
文摘Cooking fume produced by oil and food at a high temperature releases large amount of fine particulate matter（PM） which have a potential hazard to human health. This chamber study investigated particle emission characteristics originated from using four types of oil（soybean oil, olive oil, peanut oil and lard） and different kinds of food materials（meat and vegetable）. The corresponding emission factors（EFs） of number, mass, surface area and volume for particles were discussed. Temporal variation of size-fractionated particle concentration showed that olive oil produced the highest number PM concentration for the entire cooking process. Multiple path particle dosimetry（MPPD） model was performed to predict deposition in the human respiratory tract. Results showed that the pulmonary airway deposition fraction was the largest. It was also found that particles produced from olive oil led to the highest deposition. We strongly recommend minimizing the moisture content of ingredients before cooking and giving priority to the use of peanut oil instead of olive oil to reduce human exposure to PM.
文摘To realize the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,CO_(2)capture and utilization technology is becoming increasingly urgent.However,the low efficiency and complex processes limit its large-scale application.Among utilization technology of CO_(2),electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)has attracted interest,attributing to the use of clean energy and the final product of value-added fuels.The construction of catalysts with integrated CO_(2)capture and reduction ability is expected to bridge the gap between CO_(2)capture and conversion,achieving the direct utilization of flue gas,reducing costs,and simplifying devices.Keeping`this in mind,we give this review to introduce the problems of lowconcentration CO_(2)RR and the significance of coupled CO_(2)capture/conversion electrocatalysts in addressing the emission of industrial flue gas first.Then,the regulation strategies,including functional group modification,co-catalytic effect,and catalysts-impurities interaction,which affected the CO_(2)capture and electroreduction capacity towards catalysts were summarized and discussed.Finally,the challenges and perspectives about the design for linked CO_(2)capture/conversion processes were proposed.This review will provide new insight into the building of multifunctional catalysts for CO_(2)conversion.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12022209,11972103,and U21A20429)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.DUT21LAB124)。
文摘The two-dimensional(2D)transient heat conduction problems with/without heat sources in a rectangular domain under different combinations of temperature and heat flux boundary conditions are studied by a novel symplectic superposition method(SSM).The solution process is within the Hamiltonian system framework such that the mathematical procedures in the symplectic space can be implemented,which provides an exceptional direct rigorous derivation without any assumptions or predetermination of the solution forms compared with the conventional inverse/semi-inverse methods.The distinctive advantage of the SSM offers an access to new analytic heat conduction solutions.The results obtained by the SSM agree well with those obtained from the finite element method(FEM),which confirms the accuracy of the SSM.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2018YFA0703200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51973154)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(20JCZDJC00680)。
文摘High-resolution flexible electronic devices are widely used in the fields of soft robotics,smart human-machine interaction,and intelligent e-healthcare monitoring due to their mechanical flexibility,ductility,and compactness.The electrohydrodynamic jet printing(e-jet printing)technique is used for constructing high-resolution and cross-scale flexible electronic devices such as field-effect transistors(FETs),flexible sensors,and flexible displays.As a result,researchers are paying close attention to e-jet printing flexible electronic devices.In this review,we focused on the latest advancements in high-resolution flexible electronics made by e-jet printing technology,including various materials used in e-jet printing inks,the process control of e-jet printing,and their applications.First,we summarized various functional ink materials available for e-jet printing,including organic,inorganic,and hybrid materials.Then,the interface controlling the progress of e-jet printing was discussed in detail,including the physical and chemical properties of the functional ink,the interfacial wettability between the ink and substrate,and the microdroplet injection behavior in a high-voltage field.Additionally,various applications of e-jet printing in the fields of flexible electrodes,FETs,flexible sensors,and flexible displays were demonstrated.Finally,the future problems and potential associated with the development of next generation e-jet printing technology for flexible electronic devices were also presented.
