Objective:The previously integrated tumor-inflammation-nutrition(HI-GC)score has demonstrated dynamic monitoring value for recurrence and clinical decision-making in patients with postsurgical gastric cancer(GC).Howev...Objective:The previously integrated tumor-inflammation-nutrition(HI-GC)score has demonstrated dynamic monitoring value for recurrence and clinical decision-making in patients with postsurgical gastric cancer(GC).However,its failure to incorporate clinical-pathological factors limits its capacity for baseline risk assessment.This study aimed to develop a model that accurately identifies patients for adjuvant chemotherapy and dynamically evaluates recurrence risk.Methods:This retrospective,multicenter,longitudinal cohort study,spanning nine hospitals,included 7,085patients with GC post-radical gastrectomy.A baseline prognostic model was constructed using 117 machinelearning algorithms.The dynamic survival decision tree model(dy SDT)was employed to combine the baseline model with the HI-GC score.Results:A Cox regression model incorporating six factors was used to create a nomogram[Harrell's C-index:training cohort:0.765;95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.747,0.783;validation set:0.810;95%CI:0.747,0.783],including p T stage,positive lymph node ratio,p N stage,tumor size,age,and adjuvant chemotherapy.The best-performing machine learning model exhibited similar predictive accuracy to the nomogram(C-index:0.770).For the short-term dy SDT at 1 month,the mortality hazard ratios(HRs)for groups IIa,IIb,andⅢwere 2.61(95%CI:2.24,3.04),5.02(95%CI:4.15,6.06),and 8.88(95%CI:7.57,10.42),respectively,compared to group I.Stratified analysis revealed a significant interaction between adjuvant chemotherapy and overall survival in each subgroup(P<0.001).The long-term dy SDT at 1 year showed HRs of 3.25(95%CI:2.12,4.97)for group II,6.73(95%CI:4.29,10.56)for groupⅢa,and 17.88(95%CI:10.71,29.84)for groupⅢb.Conclusions:The dy SDT effectively stratifies mortality risk and provides valuable assistance in clinical decision-making after gastrectomy.展开更多
Novel coal gangue-based persulfate catalyst(CG-FeCl_(2))was successfully synthesized by the means of calcinating under nitrogen atmosphere with the addition of ferrous chloride tetrahydrate(FeCl_(2)·_(4)H_(2)O).T...Novel coal gangue-based persulfate catalyst(CG-FeCl_(2))was successfully synthesized by the means of calcinating under nitrogen atmosphere with the addition of ferrous chloride tetrahydrate(FeCl_(2)·_(4)H_(2)O).The phase transformation of the prepared materials and gas products during the heating process are thoroughly investigated.It is suggested that ferrous chloride participated in the phase transformation and formed Si-O-Fe bonds.And the main gaseous products are H_(2)O,H_(2),and HCl during the heating process.Besides,the ability of CG-FeCl_(2) to activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS)for catalytic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and phenol was deeply studied.More than 95%of naphthyl,phenanthrene and phenol were removed under optimizied conditions.In addition,1O_(2),·OH,and SO_(4)·−were involved in the CG-FeCl_(2)/PMS system from the free radical scavenging experiment,where 1O_(2) played a major role during the oxidation process.Furthermore,CG-FeCl_(2)/PMS system exhibited superior stability in a relatively wide pH range and the presence of common anion from related degradation experiments.Overall,the novel CG-FeCl_(2) is an efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst,displaying potential application prospect in the field of PAHs and phenol-contaminated wastewater treatment.展开更多
Developing a promising on-demand controllable microneedle drug delivery system could provide stronger self-control and precision delivery of a large payload capacity.Nevertheless,the efficacy of existing systems has b...Developing a promising on-demand controllable microneedle drug delivery system could provide stronger self-control and precision delivery of a large payload capacity.Nevertheless,the efficacy of existing systems has been constrained by limitations in the therapeutic payload capacity and slow diffusion of molecules,as well as the necessity for external resource configurations.Drawing inspiration from the multidimensional biomimetic strategies observed in the material properties and functional mechanisms of the bombardier beetle’s defensive secretion system,a battery-free and self-propelled biomimetic microneedle system(BSBMs)is proposed for improving therapeutic outcomes and enabling controlled,on-demand drug delivery.The self-powered microneedle delivery platform fully emulates the structure and spray mechanism of bombardier,employing Pt nanoparticles and H_(2)O_(2)loaded in the reaction chamber,as a built-in fuel source for active and controllable payload delivery.The robust bionic gas injector can serve as an active engine,facilitating the effective permeation of drugs through hollow microneedles without a complex pumping system.This BSBMs triggers the H_(2)O_(2)decomposition reaction through thumb pressure,generating O_(2)pressure as an endogenous driving force to achieve transdermally precise and on-demand drug delivery.The pharmacokinetics of drug release from the BSBMs were evaluated in vivo by quantifying the levels of levonorgestrel(LNG).This active delivery system maintains in vivo LNG concentrations within the therapeutic window range,greatly enhancing on-demand,controlled,and stable drug delivery.This versatile and efficient self-propelled bionic microneedle delivery technology holds substantial promise for a broad spectrum of transdermal therapeutic applications,offering a simplified,convenient,and improved method of administration.展开更多
Converting methanol to high-value formate through electrochemical methods can significantly reduce the energy consumption associated with conventional production processes.In this study,we directly synthesized iron-do...Converting methanol to high-value formate through electrochemical methods can significantly reduce the energy consumption associated with conventional production processes.In this study,we directly synthesized iron-doped cobalt phosphate(Fe-CoPO)on nickel foam(NF)to achieve excellent activity for the methanol electro-oxidation reaction(MOR).Our results demonstrated that Fe-CoPO produced a current density of 100 mA·cm^(−2)at a significantly low operating potential of 1.436 V(vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE))and operated steadily for 16 h at this current density with a Faradaic efficiency(FE)of 97%.Furthermore,Fe-CoPO maintained a high FE of 100%even at an extremely high current density of 300 mA·cm^(−2)for 8 h.We found that the high MOR activity of Fe-CoPO results from electrochemical reconstruction to generate the Co^(2+/3+)-O bond.The heterogeneous interface between Fe and Co inhibits the formation of Co^(4+),which significantly enhances the MOR activity.Thus,this work not only provides insights into the mechanism of MOR over Co-based catalysts but also offers a novel direction for developing highly active MOR catalysts.展开更多
Two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e^(-)ORR)to produce hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))presents an efficient,secure,and sustainable method.However,the competing four-electron pathway produces H2O,yielding low H2O2 s...Two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e^(-)ORR)to produce hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))presents an efficient,secure,and sustainable method.However,the competing four-electron pathway produces H2O,yielding low H2O2 selectivity(~70%).In this work,a high-dimensional rod-like structure of niobium oxide(Nb_(2)O_(5)-HD)containing NbO6 octahedra was synthesized using a hydrothermal method combined with a calcination strategy.Under 50 mA·cm^(-2),the Faradaic efficiency(FE)of H2O2 reached 94%,with the H_(2)O_(2) yield reaching as high as 874 mmol·gcat^(-1)·h^(-1).After 34 h of operation,FE was still 76%,and the stability is great.In situ Raman spectroscopy analysis and experiments revealed that the NbO6 octahedra on Nb_(2)O_(5)-HD were the key factor for its excellent ORR activity and H_(2)O_(2) FE.This inspires the development of high-performance ORR transition metal electrocatalysts.展开更多
Background Weaning-induced diarrhoea and growth retardation in piglets are associated with impaired intestinal barrier function and decreased levels of colonic short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs).Although SCFA supplementat...Background Weaning-induced diarrhoea and growth retardation in piglets are associated with impaired intestinal barrier function and decreased levels of colonic short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs).Although SCFA supplementation has been proposed to mitigate these issues,the efficacy and optimal dosage of sodium isobutyrate remain unclear.Results We investigated the effects of sodium isobutyrate supplementation(500,1,000,2,000,and 4,000 mg/kg diet)on weaned piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire,28 d of age;n=8).After a 28-d feeding trial,supplementation at 500–2,000 mg/kg significantly improved average daily gain and feed efficiency and reduced diarrhoea frequency,with maximal benefits observed at 1,000 mg/kg(P<0.0001).Additionally,500–1,000 mg/kg sodium isobutyrate supplementation increased the apparent digestibility of crude protein,organic matter,and crude fibre(P<0.05).Serum biochemical parameters were unaffected,although secretory immunoglobulin A(SIgA)levels significantly increased upon supplementation with 500–1,000 mg/kg(P<0.05).16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that sodium isobutyrate increased the abundance of beneficial colonic microbiota.The 1,000 mg/kg group presented the most pronounced effect,with a significant increase of the relative abundance of Prevotella and the greatest improvement in SCFA concentrations(P<0.05).Metabolomics revealed elevated levels of colonic indole-3-lactic acid and 3-hydroxybutyrate upon supplementation with 1,000 mg/kg(P<0.05).Transcriptomic analyses indicated activation of protein digestion and absorption pathways,and PI3K-Akt signalling,marked by TSG-6 upregulation and the suppression of ISG15 and DDIT4 expression(P<0.05).Supplementation with 1,000 mg/kg was associated with improved intestinal barrier-related markers,including reduced serum D-lactate,diamine oxidase,and lipopolysaccharide levels,increased tight junction protein expression;activation of G protein-coupled receptors;and inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signalling(P<0.05),suggesting enhanced barrier function.Conclusions In conclusion,dietary supplementation with 1,000 mg/kg sodium isobutyrate was associated with improved intestinal morphology,reduced serum permeability,increased expression of tight junction proteins,and enhanced immune function in weaned piglets,suggesting enhanced colonic barrier function and providing dosage guidance and mechanistic insights for future applications.展开更多
The incidence of early-onset gastric cancer(EOGC)is consistently increasing,and its etiology is notably complex.This increase may be attributed to distinctive factors that differ from those associated with late-onset ...The incidence of early-onset gastric cancer(EOGC)is consistently increasing,and its etiology is notably complex.This increase may be attributed to distinctive factors that differ from those associated with late-onset gastric cancer(LOGC),including genetic predispositions,dietary factors,gastric microbiota dysbiosis,and screening of high-risk cases.These factors collectively contribute to the onset of cancer.EOGC significantly differs from LOGC in terms of clinicopathological and molecular characteristics.Moreover,multiple differences in prognosis and clinical management also exist.This study aimed to systematically review the latest research advancements in the epidemiological characteristics,etiological factors,clinicopathological and molecular features,prognosis,and treatment modalities of EOGC.展开更多
Mammalian hair cells(HCs)are arranged spirally along the cochlear axis and correspond to different frequency ranges.Serving as primary sound detectors,HCs spatially segregate component frequencies into a topographical...Mammalian hair cells(HCs)are arranged spirally along the cochlear axis and correspond to different frequency ranges.Serving as primary sound detectors,HCs spatially segregate component frequencies into a topographical map.HCs display significant diversity in anatomical and physiological characteristics,yet little is known about the organization of the cochleotopic map of HCs or the molecules involved in this process.Using single-cell RNA sequencing,we determined the distinct molecular profiles of inner hair cells and outer hair cells,and we identified numerous position-dependent genes that were expressed as gradients.Newly identified genes such as Ptn,Rxra,and Nfe2l2 were found to be associated with tonotopy.We employed the SCENIC algorithm to predict the transcription factors that potentially shape these tonotopic gradients.Furthermore,we confirmed that Nfe2l2,a tonotopy-related transcription factor,is critical in mice for sensing low-tomedium sound frequencies in vivo.the analysis of cell-cell communication revealed potential receptor-ligand networks linking inner hair cells to spiral ganglion neurons,including pathways such as BDNF-Ntrk and PTN-Scd4,which likely play essential roles in tonotopic maintenance.Overall,these findings suggest that molecular gradients serve as the organizing principle for maintaining the selection of sound frequencies by HCs.展开更多
To address the issues of unstable received signal strength indicator(RSSI)and low indoor positioning accuracy caused by walls and obstacles,the propagation conditions of the wireless communication system are categoriz...To address the issues of unstable received signal strength indicator(RSSI)and low indoor positioning accuracy caused by walls and obstacles,the propagation conditions of the wireless communication system are categorized into two distinct environments:line-of-sight(LOS)and non-line-of-sight(NLOS).In the LOS environment,the traditional logarithmic path loss model is applied.For the NLOS environment,the impact of walls on signal transmission is considered,leading to the development of a multi-wall path loss model based on the T-RL method,with improvements made to the key parameter,the Fresnel coefficient R.The breakpoint value d=2.3 m in the partitioned model is determined,and the positional coordinates of the unknown nodes are calculated using the trilateration algorithm.Experimental results indicate that the T-RL based multi-wall model improves localization accuracy by 47%in NLOS environments compared to the traditional logarithmic path loss model.The average localization error using the T-RL partitioned path loss model is 0.7021 m,representing a 55.9%improvement over the logarithmic path loss model and a 16.8%enhancement over the T-RL attenuation multi-wall model,thereby providing better environmental adaptability.展开更多
基金supported by the Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2023ZD0501400)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC2505100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82202837,82421002 and 82350122)。
文摘Objective:The previously integrated tumor-inflammation-nutrition(HI-GC)score has demonstrated dynamic monitoring value for recurrence and clinical decision-making in patients with postsurgical gastric cancer(GC).However,its failure to incorporate clinical-pathological factors limits its capacity for baseline risk assessment.This study aimed to develop a model that accurately identifies patients for adjuvant chemotherapy and dynamically evaluates recurrence risk.Methods:This retrospective,multicenter,longitudinal cohort study,spanning nine hospitals,included 7,085patients with GC post-radical gastrectomy.A baseline prognostic model was constructed using 117 machinelearning algorithms.The dynamic survival decision tree model(dy SDT)was employed to combine the baseline model with the HI-GC score.Results:A Cox regression model incorporating six factors was used to create a nomogram[Harrell's C-index:training cohort:0.765;95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.747,0.783;validation set:0.810;95%CI:0.747,0.783],including p T stage,positive lymph node ratio,p N stage,tumor size,age,and adjuvant chemotherapy.The best-performing machine learning model exhibited similar predictive accuracy to the nomogram(C-index:0.770).For the short-term dy SDT at 1 month,the mortality hazard ratios(HRs)for groups IIa,IIb,andⅢwere 2.61(95%CI:2.24,3.04),5.02(95%CI:4.15,6.06),and 8.88(95%CI:7.57,10.42),respectively,compared to group I.Stratified analysis revealed a significant interaction between adjuvant chemotherapy and overall survival in each subgroup(P<0.001).The long-term dy SDT at 1 year showed HRs of 3.25(95%CI:2.12,4.97)for group II,6.73(95%CI:4.29,10.56)for groupⅢa,and 17.88(95%CI:10.71,29.84)for groupⅢb.Conclusions:The dy SDT effectively stratifies mortality risk and provides valuable assistance in clinical decision-making after gastrectomy.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFC1904903 and 2020YFC1806504)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M680757)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022XJHH08).
文摘Novel coal gangue-based persulfate catalyst(CG-FeCl_(2))was successfully synthesized by the means of calcinating under nitrogen atmosphere with the addition of ferrous chloride tetrahydrate(FeCl_(2)·_(4)H_(2)O).The phase transformation of the prepared materials and gas products during the heating process are thoroughly investigated.It is suggested that ferrous chloride participated in the phase transformation and formed Si-O-Fe bonds.And the main gaseous products are H_(2)O,H_(2),and HCl during the heating process.Besides,the ability of CG-FeCl_(2) to activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS)for catalytic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and phenol was deeply studied.More than 95%of naphthyl,phenanthrene and phenol were removed under optimizied conditions.In addition,1O_(2),·OH,and SO_(4)·−were involved in the CG-FeCl_(2)/PMS system from the free radical scavenging experiment,where 1O_(2) played a major role during the oxidation process.Furthermore,CG-FeCl_(2)/PMS system exhibited superior stability in a relatively wide pH range and the presence of common anion from related degradation experiments.Overall,the novel CG-FeCl_(2) is an efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst,displaying potential application prospect in the field of PAHs and phenol-contaminated wastewater treatment.
基金financially supported by the Shenzhen Fundamental Research(JCYJ20220818102201003)the Talent Foundation of Zhuhai Government(2120004000207)+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2025JJ50082,2025JJ60088)the Key Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(24A0291)the Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(24C0189)Doctoral Research Start-up Foundation of University of South China(5524QD048,5524QD042)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82402492).
文摘Developing a promising on-demand controllable microneedle drug delivery system could provide stronger self-control and precision delivery of a large payload capacity.Nevertheless,the efficacy of existing systems has been constrained by limitations in the therapeutic payload capacity and slow diffusion of molecules,as well as the necessity for external resource configurations.Drawing inspiration from the multidimensional biomimetic strategies observed in the material properties and functional mechanisms of the bombardier beetle’s defensive secretion system,a battery-free and self-propelled biomimetic microneedle system(BSBMs)is proposed for improving therapeutic outcomes and enabling controlled,on-demand drug delivery.The self-powered microneedle delivery platform fully emulates the structure and spray mechanism of bombardier,employing Pt nanoparticles and H_(2)O_(2)loaded in the reaction chamber,as a built-in fuel source for active and controllable payload delivery.The robust bionic gas injector can serve as an active engine,facilitating the effective permeation of drugs through hollow microneedles without a complex pumping system.This BSBMs triggers the H_(2)O_(2)decomposition reaction through thumb pressure,generating O_(2)pressure as an endogenous driving force to achieve transdermally precise and on-demand drug delivery.The pharmacokinetics of drug release from the BSBMs were evaluated in vivo by quantifying the levels of levonorgestrel(LNG).This active delivery system maintains in vivo LNG concentrations within the therapeutic window range,greatly enhancing on-demand,controlled,and stable drug delivery.This versatile and efficient self-propelled bionic microneedle delivery technology holds substantial promise for a broad spectrum of transdermal therapeutic applications,offering a simplified,convenient,and improved method of administration.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3703503)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.24ZR1416000)the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)through Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(Nos.22H00282 and 23K26456).
文摘Converting methanol to high-value formate through electrochemical methods can significantly reduce the energy consumption associated with conventional production processes.In this study,we directly synthesized iron-doped cobalt phosphate(Fe-CoPO)on nickel foam(NF)to achieve excellent activity for the methanol electro-oxidation reaction(MOR).Our results demonstrated that Fe-CoPO produced a current density of 100 mA·cm^(−2)at a significantly low operating potential of 1.436 V(vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE))and operated steadily for 16 h at this current density with a Faradaic efficiency(FE)of 97%.Furthermore,Fe-CoPO maintained a high FE of 100%even at an extremely high current density of 300 mA·cm^(−2)for 8 h.We found that the high MOR activity of Fe-CoPO results from electrochemical reconstruction to generate the Co^(2+/3+)-O bond.The heterogeneous interface between Fe and Co inhibits the formation of Co^(4+),which significantly enhances the MOR activity.Thus,this work not only provides insights into the mechanism of MOR over Co-based catalysts but also offers a novel direction for developing highly active MOR catalysts.
基金support received from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3703503)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.24ZR1416000)Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment(No.2025,HUHUANKE No.35).
文摘Two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e^(-)ORR)to produce hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))presents an efficient,secure,and sustainable method.However,the competing four-electron pathway produces H2O,yielding low H2O2 selectivity(~70%).In this work,a high-dimensional rod-like structure of niobium oxide(Nb_(2)O_(5)-HD)containing NbO6 octahedra was synthesized using a hydrothermal method combined with a calcination strategy.Under 50 mA·cm^(-2),the Faradaic efficiency(FE)of H2O2 reached 94%,with the H_(2)O_(2) yield reaching as high as 874 mmol·gcat^(-1)·h^(-1).After 34 h of operation,FE was still 76%,and the stability is great.In situ Raman spectroscopy analysis and experiments revealed that the NbO6 octahedra on Nb_(2)O_(5)-HD were the key factor for its excellent ORR activity and H_(2)O_(2) FE.This inspires the development of high-performance ORR transition metal electrocatalysts.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(32302759,32372924)the CAST Youth Talent Support Project-Special Program for Doctoral Students(156-O-230-0000375-5)。
文摘Background Weaning-induced diarrhoea and growth retardation in piglets are associated with impaired intestinal barrier function and decreased levels of colonic short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs).Although SCFA supplementation has been proposed to mitigate these issues,the efficacy and optimal dosage of sodium isobutyrate remain unclear.Results We investigated the effects of sodium isobutyrate supplementation(500,1,000,2,000,and 4,000 mg/kg diet)on weaned piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire,28 d of age;n=8).After a 28-d feeding trial,supplementation at 500–2,000 mg/kg significantly improved average daily gain and feed efficiency and reduced diarrhoea frequency,with maximal benefits observed at 1,000 mg/kg(P<0.0001).Additionally,500–1,000 mg/kg sodium isobutyrate supplementation increased the apparent digestibility of crude protein,organic matter,and crude fibre(P<0.05).Serum biochemical parameters were unaffected,although secretory immunoglobulin A(SIgA)levels significantly increased upon supplementation with 500–1,000 mg/kg(P<0.05).16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that sodium isobutyrate increased the abundance of beneficial colonic microbiota.The 1,000 mg/kg group presented the most pronounced effect,with a significant increase of the relative abundance of Prevotella and the greatest improvement in SCFA concentrations(P<0.05).Metabolomics revealed elevated levels of colonic indole-3-lactic acid and 3-hydroxybutyrate upon supplementation with 1,000 mg/kg(P<0.05).Transcriptomic analyses indicated activation of protein digestion and absorption pathways,and PI3K-Akt signalling,marked by TSG-6 upregulation and the suppression of ISG15 and DDIT4 expression(P<0.05).Supplementation with 1,000 mg/kg was associated with improved intestinal barrier-related markers,including reduced serum D-lactate,diamine oxidase,and lipopolysaccharide levels,increased tight junction protein expression;activation of G protein-coupled receptors;and inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signalling(P<0.05),suggesting enhanced barrier function.Conclusions In conclusion,dietary supplementation with 1,000 mg/kg sodium isobutyrate was associated with improved intestinal morphology,reduced serum permeability,increased expression of tight junction proteins,and enhanced immune function in weaned piglets,suggesting enhanced colonic barrier function and providing dosage guidance and mechanistic insights for future applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82202837,81730016,and 81972761)
文摘The incidence of early-onset gastric cancer(EOGC)is consistently increasing,and its etiology is notably complex.This increase may be attributed to distinctive factors that differ from those associated with late-onset gastric cancer(LOGC),including genetic predispositions,dietary factors,gastric microbiota dysbiosis,and screening of high-risk cases.These factors collectively contribute to the onset of cancer.EOGC significantly differs from LOGC in terms of clinicopathological and molecular characteristics.Moreover,multiple differences in prognosis and clinical management also exist.This study aimed to systematically review the latest research advancements in the epidemiological characteristics,etiological factors,clinicopathological and molecular features,prognosis,and treatment modalities of EOGC.
基金supported by funds from the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA1101300,2021YFA1101800,2020YFA012503,2020YFA0113600,2019YFA0111400)the STI2030-Major Projects(2022ZD0205400)+7 种基金the China Ministry of Science and Technology Grant(2021ZD0203304)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82330033,82101236,82171149,82030029,82201286,81970882,82371162,U23A200440,92149304)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BE2019711,BK20232007)the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(2022ZB697)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021T140113)the Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(JCYJ20190814093401920,20210324125608022)the 2022 Open Project Fund of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences(YKY-KF202201)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242021R20050).
文摘Mammalian hair cells(HCs)are arranged spirally along the cochlear axis and correspond to different frequency ranges.Serving as primary sound detectors,HCs spatially segregate component frequencies into a topographical map.HCs display significant diversity in anatomical and physiological characteristics,yet little is known about the organization of the cochleotopic map of HCs or the molecules involved in this process.Using single-cell RNA sequencing,we determined the distinct molecular profiles of inner hair cells and outer hair cells,and we identified numerous position-dependent genes that were expressed as gradients.Newly identified genes such as Ptn,Rxra,and Nfe2l2 were found to be associated with tonotopy.We employed the SCENIC algorithm to predict the transcription factors that potentially shape these tonotopic gradients.Furthermore,we confirmed that Nfe2l2,a tonotopy-related transcription factor,is critical in mice for sensing low-tomedium sound frequencies in vivo.the analysis of cell-cell communication revealed potential receptor-ligand networks linking inner hair cells to spiral ganglion neurons,including pathways such as BDNF-Ntrk and PTN-Scd4,which likely play essential roles in tonotopic maintenance.Overall,these findings suggest that molecular gradients serve as the organizing principle for maintaining the selection of sound frequencies by HCs.
基金supported by Shanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation General Project under Grant 202203021221117.
文摘To address the issues of unstable received signal strength indicator(RSSI)and low indoor positioning accuracy caused by walls and obstacles,the propagation conditions of the wireless communication system are categorized into two distinct environments:line-of-sight(LOS)and non-line-of-sight(NLOS).In the LOS environment,the traditional logarithmic path loss model is applied.For the NLOS environment,the impact of walls on signal transmission is considered,leading to the development of a multi-wall path loss model based on the T-RL method,with improvements made to the key parameter,the Fresnel coefficient R.The breakpoint value d=2.3 m in the partitioned model is determined,and the positional coordinates of the unknown nodes are calculated using the trilateration algorithm.Experimental results indicate that the T-RL based multi-wall model improves localization accuracy by 47%in NLOS environments compared to the traditional logarithmic path loss model.The average localization error using the T-RL partitioned path loss model is 0.7021 m,representing a 55.9%improvement over the logarithmic path loss model and a 16.8%enhancement over the T-RL attenuation multi-wall model,thereby providing better environmental adaptability.
