Horizontal well drilling and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing technologies are at the root of commercial shale gas development and exploitation.During these processes,typically,a large amount of working fluid enters t...Horizontal well drilling and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing technologies are at the root of commercial shale gas development and exploitation.During these processes,typically,a large amount of working fluid enters the formation,resulting in widespread water-rock interaction.Deeply understanding such effects is required to optimize the production system.In this study,the mechanisms of water-rock interaction and the associated responses of shale fabric are systematically reviewed for working fluids such as neutral fluids,acid fluids,alkali fluids and oxidative fluids.It is shown that shale is generally rich in water-sensitive components such as clay minerals,acidsensitive components(like carbonate minerals),alkali-sensitive components(like quartz),oxidative-sensitive components(like organic matter and pyrite),which easily lead to change of rock fabric and mechanical properties owing to water-rock interaction.According to the results,oxidizing acid fluids and oxidizing fracturing fluids should be used to enhance shale gas recovery.This study also indicates that an aspect playing an important role in increasing cumulative gas production is the optimization of the maximum shut-in time based on the change point of the wellhead pressure drop rate.Another important influential factor to be considered is the control of the wellhead pressure considering the stress sensitivity and creep characteristics of the fracture network.展开更多
In the present study,we aimed to prepare Panax japonicus tablets and carry out quality inspection.Panax japonicus tablets were prepared by ultrafine pulverization-wet granulation,and quality inspection was carried out...In the present study,we aimed to prepare Panax japonicus tablets and carry out quality inspection.Panax japonicus tablets were prepared by ultrafine pulverization-wet granulation,and quality inspection was carried out according to Pharmacopoeia regulations.The plasma concentration of animals with self-made Panax japonicus tablets or ginsenoside Rg3 in single-dose intragastric administration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailability were calculated by DAS 2.0 software.The quality inspection of self-made Panax japonicus tablets met the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 edition),and this preparation had high bioequivalence of ginsenoside Rg3.The preparation of Panax japonicus tablets was reasonable and highly qualified.Moreover,this new Panax japonicus preparation showed better profiles in oral absorption and utilization.This study provided evidence for the industrial production and clinical application of Panax japonicus tablets.展开更多
Lithospheric structure beneath the northeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is of vital significance for studying the geodynamic processes of crustal thickening and expansion of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. We conducted a j...Lithospheric structure beneath the northeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is of vital significance for studying the geodynamic processes of crustal thickening and expansion of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. We conducted a joint inversion of receiver functions and surface wave dispersions with P-wave velocity constraints using data from the Chin Array Ⅱ temporary stations deployed across the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Prior to joint inversion, we applied the H-κ-c method(Li JT et al., 2019) to the receiver function data in order to correct for the back-azimuthal variations in the arrival times of Ps phases and crustal multiples caused by crustal anisotropy and dipping interfaces. High-resolution images of vS, crustal thickness, and vP/vSstructures in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau were simultaneously derived from the joint inversion. The seismic images reveal that crustal thickness decreases outward from the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. The stable interiors of the Ordos and Alxa blocks exhibited higher velocities and lower crustal vP/vSratios. While, lower velocities and higher vP/vSratios were observed beneath the Qilian Orogen and Songpan-Ganzi terrane(SPGZ), which are geologically active and mechanically weak, especially in the mid-lower crust.Delamination or thermal erosion of the lithosphere triggered by hot asthenospheric flow contributes to the observed uppermost mantle low-velocity zones(LVZs) in the SPGZ. The crustal thickness, vS, and vP/vSratios suggest that whole lithospheric shortening is a plausible mechanism for crustal thickening in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, supporting the idea of coupled lithospheric-scale deformation in this region.展开更多
1Introduction Embodied Artificial Intelligence(Embodied AI)has recently become a key research focus[1].It emphasizes agents'abilities to perceive,comprehend,and act in physical worlds to complete tasks.Simulation ...1Introduction Embodied Artificial Intelligence(Embodied AI)has recently become a key research focus[1].It emphasizes agents'abilities to perceive,comprehend,and act in physical worlds to complete tasks.Simulation platforms are essential in this area,as they simulate agent behaviors in set environments and tasks,thereby accelerating algorithm validation and optimization.However,constructing such a platform presents several challenges.展开更多
The role of miRNAs in the regulation of seasonal reproduction in rodents,particularly in relation to photoperiod changes,is still poorly understood.Previous studies on miRNA transcriptomes of striped hamster(Cricetulu...The role of miRNAs in the regulation of seasonal reproduction in rodents,particularly in relation to photoperiod changes,is still poorly understood.Previous studies on miRNA transcriptomes of striped hamster(Cricetulus barabensis)testes have indicated that the photoperiodism of testes,especially apoptosis,may be influenced by miRNAs.As a functional miRNA,cba-miR-222-3p in striped hamster testes exhibits suppression under a short photoperiod.To elucidate the potential role of testicular cba-miR-222-3p in the seasonal reproduction of striped hamsters,we exposed male striped hamsters to different photoperiods or injected miRNA agomir into the testes and observed the effects of these treatments,particularly some indicators related to apoptosis.The results showed that the levels of apoptosis in the testes increased in short daylength,accompanied by a significant decrease in cba-miR-222-3p expression and an increase in TRAF7 expression.Dual luciferase reporter assays verified the targeting relationship between cba-miR-222-3p and TRAF7 predicted by bioinformatics.In addition,the expression of TRAF7 decreased in the testes,which injected miRNA agomir,leading to inhibition of apoptosis,and the expression of key genes(MEKK3,p38,p53)in the downstream MAPK signaling pathway of TRAF7 was suppressed.These results suggest that short daylength induces testicular apoptosis in striped hamsters,and one possible mechanism is that the decreased expression of miR-222-3p in testes reduces the repression of TRAF7 translation,thereby activating the MAPK pathway and affecting the level of testicular apoptosis.These findings reveal the potential role of miR-222-3p in animal reproduction and provide new insights into the regulation of rodent populations.展开更多
基金Lijun,You,Innovative Research Project for Sichuan Youth Scientific and Technological Innovation(Grants No.2016TD0016)Qiuyang Cheng,Postdoctoral Research Project of Petrochina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company(Grants No.20230304-13).
文摘Horizontal well drilling and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing technologies are at the root of commercial shale gas development and exploitation.During these processes,typically,a large amount of working fluid enters the formation,resulting in widespread water-rock interaction.Deeply understanding such effects is required to optimize the production system.In this study,the mechanisms of water-rock interaction and the associated responses of shale fabric are systematically reviewed for working fluids such as neutral fluids,acid fluids,alkali fluids and oxidative fluids.It is shown that shale is generally rich in water-sensitive components such as clay minerals,acidsensitive components(like carbonate minerals),alkali-sensitive components(like quartz),oxidative-sensitive components(like organic matter and pyrite),which easily lead to change of rock fabric and mechanical properties owing to water-rock interaction.According to the results,oxidizing acid fluids and oxidizing fracturing fluids should be used to enhance shale gas recovery.This study also indicates that an aspect playing an important role in increasing cumulative gas production is the optimization of the maximum shut-in time based on the change point of the wellhead pressure drop rate.Another important influential factor to be considered is the control of the wellhead pressure considering the stress sensitivity and creep characteristics of the fracture network.
基金Postgraduate Research Innovation Program of Yangzhou University(Grant No.XKYCX18_128)
文摘In the present study,we aimed to prepare Panax japonicus tablets and carry out quality inspection.Panax japonicus tablets were prepared by ultrafine pulverization-wet granulation,and quality inspection was carried out according to Pharmacopoeia regulations.The plasma concentration of animals with self-made Panax japonicus tablets or ginsenoside Rg3 in single-dose intragastric administration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailability were calculated by DAS 2.0 software.The quality inspection of self-made Panax japonicus tablets met the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 edition),and this preparation had high bioequivalence of ginsenoside Rg3.The preparation of Panax japonicus tablets was reasonable and highly qualified.Moreover,this new Panax japonicus preparation showed better profiles in oral absorption and utilization.This study provided evidence for the industrial production and clinical application of Panax japonicus tablets.
基金supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(No.2023-JC-QN-0306)the Special Fund of the Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration(No.DQJB21B32)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42174069).
文摘Lithospheric structure beneath the northeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is of vital significance for studying the geodynamic processes of crustal thickening and expansion of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. We conducted a joint inversion of receiver functions and surface wave dispersions with P-wave velocity constraints using data from the Chin Array Ⅱ temporary stations deployed across the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Prior to joint inversion, we applied the H-κ-c method(Li JT et al., 2019) to the receiver function data in order to correct for the back-azimuthal variations in the arrival times of Ps phases and crustal multiples caused by crustal anisotropy and dipping interfaces. High-resolution images of vS, crustal thickness, and vP/vSstructures in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau were simultaneously derived from the joint inversion. The seismic images reveal that crustal thickness decreases outward from the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. The stable interiors of the Ordos and Alxa blocks exhibited higher velocities and lower crustal vP/vSratios. While, lower velocities and higher vP/vSratios were observed beneath the Qilian Orogen and Songpan-Ganzi terrane(SPGZ), which are geologically active and mechanically weak, especially in the mid-lower crust.Delamination or thermal erosion of the lithosphere triggered by hot asthenospheric flow contributes to the observed uppermost mantle low-velocity zones(LVZs) in the SPGZ. The crustal thickness, vS, and vP/vSratios suggest that whole lithospheric shortening is a plausible mechanism for crustal thickening in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, supporting the idea of coupled lithospheric-scale deformation in this region.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62322601).
文摘1Introduction Embodied Artificial Intelligence(Embodied AI)has recently become a key research focus[1].It emphasizes agents'abilities to perceive,comprehend,and act in physical worlds to complete tasks.Simulation platforms are essential in this area,as they simulate agent behaviors in set environments and tasks,thereby accelerating algorithm validation and optimization.However,constructing such a platform presents several challenges.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32072436,31770455,31972283,and 31800308).
文摘The role of miRNAs in the regulation of seasonal reproduction in rodents,particularly in relation to photoperiod changes,is still poorly understood.Previous studies on miRNA transcriptomes of striped hamster(Cricetulus barabensis)testes have indicated that the photoperiodism of testes,especially apoptosis,may be influenced by miRNAs.As a functional miRNA,cba-miR-222-3p in striped hamster testes exhibits suppression under a short photoperiod.To elucidate the potential role of testicular cba-miR-222-3p in the seasonal reproduction of striped hamsters,we exposed male striped hamsters to different photoperiods or injected miRNA agomir into the testes and observed the effects of these treatments,particularly some indicators related to apoptosis.The results showed that the levels of apoptosis in the testes increased in short daylength,accompanied by a significant decrease in cba-miR-222-3p expression and an increase in TRAF7 expression.Dual luciferase reporter assays verified the targeting relationship between cba-miR-222-3p and TRAF7 predicted by bioinformatics.In addition,the expression of TRAF7 decreased in the testes,which injected miRNA agomir,leading to inhibition of apoptosis,and the expression of key genes(MEKK3,p38,p53)in the downstream MAPK signaling pathway of TRAF7 was suppressed.These results suggest that short daylength induces testicular apoptosis in striped hamsters,and one possible mechanism is that the decreased expression of miR-222-3p in testes reduces the repression of TRAF7 translation,thereby activating the MAPK pathway and affecting the level of testicular apoptosis.These findings reveal the potential role of miR-222-3p in animal reproduction and provide new insights into the regulation of rodent populations.
