This paper presents the development of a thermoplastic shape memory rubber that can be programmed at human body temperature for comfortable fitting applications.We hybridized commercially available thermoplastic rubbe...This paper presents the development of a thermoplastic shape memory rubber that can be programmed at human body temperature for comfortable fitting applications.We hybridized commercially available thermoplastic rubber(TPR)used in the footwear industry with un-crosslinked polycaprolactone(PCL)to create two samples,namely TP6040 and TP7030.The shape memory behavior,elasticity,and thermo-mechanical response of these rubbers were systematically investigated.The experimental results demonstrated outstanding shape memory performance,with both samples achieving shape fixity ratios(Rf)and shape recovery ratios(R_(r))exceeding 94%.TP6040 exhibited a fitting time of 80 s at body temperature(37℃),indicating a rapid response for shape fixing.The materials also showed good elasticity before and after programming,which is crucial for comfort fitting.These findings suggest that the developed shape memory thermoplastic rubber has potential applications in personalized comfort fitting products,offering advantages over traditional customization techniques in terms of efficiency and cost-effectiveness.展开更多
The conception of aircraft morphing wings thrives in aeronautics since the appearance of shape memory alloys(SMAs). An aircraft morphing wing device, manipulated by an SMA actuator, inherits the intrinsic nonlinear hy...The conception of aircraft morphing wings thrives in aeronautics since the appearance of shape memory alloys(SMAs). An aircraft morphing wing device, manipulated by an SMA actuator, inherits the intrinsic nonlinear hysteresis from the SMA actuator, ending up with control disadvantages. Conventionally, systems with SMA actuators are constrained to bi-stable states to bypass the hysteresis region. Rather than retreating a morphing wing device to bi-stable states, this paper is dedicated to transcend the morphing wing device beyond the customary limit. A methodology of discrete Preisach modeling, which identifies the hysteresis of the morphing wing device, is proposed herein. An array of discrete equal-distance points is applied to the Preisach plane in order to derive the Preisach density over the partitioned unit of the Preisach plane. Discrete Preisach modeling is fulfilled by the discrete first-order reversible curve(DFORC). By utilizing the discrete Preisach model, the aircraft morphing wing device is simulated; the validity and accuracy of discrete Preisach modeling are demonstrated by contrasting the simulated outcome with experimental data of the major hysteretic loop and the wingspan-wise displacement over time; a comparison between simulation and experimental results exhibits consistency. Afterwards, a hysteresis compensation strategy put forward in this paper is implemented for quasi-linear control of the aircraft morphing wing device, which manifests a compensated shrinking hysteresis loop and attains the initiative of extending the morphing range to the intrinsic hysteretic region.展开更多
We experimentally and theoretically observe the expansion behaviors of a spherical Bose-Einstein condensate. A rubidium condensate is produced in an isotropic optical dipole trap with an asphericity of 0.037. We measu...We experimentally and theoretically observe the expansion behaviors of a spherical Bose-Einstein condensate. A rubidium condensate is produced in an isotropic optical dipole trap with an asphericity of 0.037. We measure the variation of the condensate size in the expansion process after switching off the trap. The free expansion of the condensate is isotropic,which is different from that of the condensate usually produced in the anisotropic trap. We derive an analytic solution of the expansion behavior based on the spherical symmetry, allowing a quantitative comparison with the experimental measurement. The interaction energy of the condensate is gradually converted into the kinetic energy during the expansion and after a long time the kinetic energy saturates at a constant value. We obtain the interaction energy of the condensate in the trap by probing the long-time expansion velocity, which agrees with the theoretical calculation. This work paves a way to explore novel quantum states of ultracold gases with the spherical symmetry.展开更多
The dynamics of quantum entanglement described by the yon Neumann entropy is studied for the localized states of Fermi-resonance coupling vibrations in molecule CS2, where the interacting energy between the stretching...The dynamics of quantum entanglement described by the yon Neumann entropy is studied for the localized states of Fermi-resonance coupling vibrations in molecule CS2, where the interacting energy between the stretching and the bending modes is considered to establish a connection between entanglement and energy. It is shown that entanglement reveals dominant anti-correlation with the interacting energy for the stretch-localized state, while that exhibits dominantly positive correlation for the bend-localized state. The entanglement and the energy for the dislocalized states are discussed as well. Those are useful for molecular quantum computing and quantum information in high dimensional states.展开更多
To investigate the effect of carrier particle size on immunoassay detection performance,three magnetic metal‒organic frameworks(Fe_(3)O_(4)@MOF-545)with different particle sizes(300 nm,400 nm,and 500 nm)were designed ...To investigate the effect of carrier particle size on immunoassay detection performance,three magnetic metal‒organic frameworks(Fe_(3)O_(4)@MOF-545)with different particle sizes(300 nm,400 nm,and 500 nm)were designed and prepared as antibody carriers,which were successfully conjugated with salbutamol antibodies to construct a series of detection probes.On this basis,a highly sensitive immunochromatographic assay(ICA)platform was established,and the influence of carrier particle size on detection performance was systematically explored.The results revealed that as the particle size of Fe_(3)O_(4)@MOF-545 increased,the probe affinity constant significantly increased(5.23×10^(7)to 7.39×10^(7)),and the dissociation constant effectively decreased(1.27×10^(-8)to 0.83×10^(-8)),indicating a significant increase in the antigen‒antibody binding capacity;the limit of detection was greatly reduced(0.33μg/kg to 0.15μg/kg),with sensitivity improved by more than 50%;the equilibrium time of immune kinetic reactions was shortened by 2 min,significantly accelerating the detection speed.These key data clearly reveal that carrier particle size is a core factor regulating ICA analytical performance.This work not only provides a new perspective on the interaction mechanism between nanocarriers and antibodies but also lays an important foundation for the design of next-generation high-performance immunoassay platforms with broad application prospects.展开更多
Na-ion batteries(NIBs)have received significant interest as potential candidates for large-scale energy storage owing to the widespread distribution of sodium and superior low-temperature performance.However,their com...Na-ion batteries(NIBs)have received significant interest as potential candidates for large-scale energy storage owing to the widespread distribution of sodium and superior low-temperature performance.However,their commercial application is usually hindered by the high production cost and inadequate performance for electrode materials,particularly for cathodes.Na_(3)(VOPO_(4))_(2)F(NVOPF)has been recognized as one of the most promising cathodes for high-energy NIBs owing to the high working voltage and energy density.Here,we report a facile highly efficient room-temperature solution protocol for large-scale synthesis of NVOPF cathode for NIBs.By simply regulating pH,NVOPF can be obtained,which delivered a discharge capacity of 120.2 mAh g^(-1) at 0.1 C and 72%capacity retention over 8000 cycles at 25 C.Besides,the kilogram-level NVOPF products have been synthesized,and 26650 cylindrical cells were fabricated,which exhibit excellent cycling stabilities,remarkable lowtemperature performance with comparable safety features.We hope our findings could provide insights on the industrial application of NVOPF in NIBs.展开更多
High-capacity Li-rich oxide materials have received extensive attention due to their unique anion-cation charge compensation involvement.However,the high operating voltage,poor cycling performance,unsafe oxygen evolut...High-capacity Li-rich oxide materials have received extensive attention due to their unique anion-cation charge compensation involvement.However,the high operating voltage,poor cycling performance,unsafe oxygen evolution,and voltage decay limit their industrial application.The emergence and development of solid-state batteries offer a great opportunity to solve these issues by replacing flammable and unstable liquid electrolytes with solid electrolytes.Meanwhile,utilization of high-capacity Li-rich oxide cathodes enables to establish high-energy-density solid-state batteries with wide voltage ranges,light weight,and high mechanical properties.This review summarizes the recent progress of Li-rich oxide materials and solid electrolytes,emphasizing their major advantages,interface challenges,and modification approaches in the development of Li-rich solid-state batteries.We also propose possible characterization strategies for effective interfacial observation and analyses.It is hoped that this review should inspire the rational design and development of better solid-state batteries for application in portable devices,electric vehicles,as well as power grids.展开更多
基金supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.2024Z009052003,20230038052001 and 20230015052002)the Third Batch of Science and Technology Plan Projects in Changzhou City in 2023(Applied Basic Research,Grant No.CJ20230080).
文摘This paper presents the development of a thermoplastic shape memory rubber that can be programmed at human body temperature for comfortable fitting applications.We hybridized commercially available thermoplastic rubber(TPR)used in the footwear industry with un-crosslinked polycaprolactone(PCL)to create two samples,namely TP6040 and TP7030.The shape memory behavior,elasticity,and thermo-mechanical response of these rubbers were systematically investigated.The experimental results demonstrated outstanding shape memory performance,with both samples achieving shape fixity ratios(Rf)and shape recovery ratios(R_(r))exceeding 94%.TP6040 exhibited a fitting time of 80 s at body temperature(37℃),indicating a rapid response for shape fixing.The materials also showed good elasticity before and after programming,which is crucial for comfort fitting.These findings suggest that the developed shape memory thermoplastic rubber has potential applications in personalized comfort fitting products,offering advantages over traditional customization techniques in terms of efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
基金financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11872207 and 50911140286)Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (No. 20162852033)+1 种基金Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (No. KYCX17_0248)China Scholarship Council (CSC, No. 201706830087)
文摘The conception of aircraft morphing wings thrives in aeronautics since the appearance of shape memory alloys(SMAs). An aircraft morphing wing device, manipulated by an SMA actuator, inherits the intrinsic nonlinear hysteresis from the SMA actuator, ending up with control disadvantages. Conventionally, systems with SMA actuators are constrained to bi-stable states to bypass the hysteresis region. Rather than retreating a morphing wing device to bi-stable states, this paper is dedicated to transcend the morphing wing device beyond the customary limit. A methodology of discrete Preisach modeling, which identifies the hysteresis of the morphing wing device, is proposed herein. An array of discrete equal-distance points is applied to the Preisach plane in order to derive the Preisach density over the partitioned unit of the Preisach plane. Discrete Preisach modeling is fulfilled by the discrete first-order reversible curve(DFORC). By utilizing the discrete Preisach model, the aircraft morphing wing device is simulated; the validity and accuracy of discrete Preisach modeling are demonstrated by contrasting the simulated outcome with experimental data of the major hysteretic loop and the wingspan-wise displacement over time; a comparison between simulation and experimental results exhibits consistency. Afterwards, a hysteresis compensation strategy put forward in this paper is implemented for quasi-linear control of the aircraft morphing wing device, which manifests a compensated shrinking hysteresis loop and attains the initiative of extending the morphing range to the intrinsic hysteretic region.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0301503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11674358,11434015,and 11474315)Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.YJKYYQ20170025)
文摘We experimentally and theoretically observe the expansion behaviors of a spherical Bose-Einstein condensate. A rubidium condensate is produced in an isotropic optical dipole trap with an asphericity of 0.037. We measure the variation of the condensate size in the expansion process after switching off the trap. The free expansion of the condensate is isotropic,which is different from that of the condensate usually produced in the anisotropic trap. We derive an analytic solution of the expansion behavior based on the spherical symmetry, allowing a quantitative comparison with the experimental measurement. The interaction energy of the condensate is gradually converted into the kinetic energy during the expansion and after a long time the kinetic energy saturates at a constant value. We obtain the interaction energy of the condensate in the trap by probing the long-time expansion velocity, which agrees with the theoretical calculation. This work paves a way to explore novel quantum states of ultracold gases with the spherical symmetry.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.11174099）.
文摘The dynamics of quantum entanglement described by the yon Neumann entropy is studied for the localized states of Fermi-resonance coupling vibrations in molecule CS2, where the interacting energy between the stretching and the bending modes is considered to establish a connection between entanglement and energy. It is shown that entanglement reveals dominant anti-correlation with the interacting energy for the stretch-localized state, while that exhibits dominantly positive correlation for the bend-localized state. The entanglement and the energy for the dislocalized states are discussed as well. Those are useful for molecular quantum computing and quantum information in high dimensional states.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFF1104700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32572699,32272404).
文摘To investigate the effect of carrier particle size on immunoassay detection performance,three magnetic metal‒organic frameworks(Fe_(3)O_(4)@MOF-545)with different particle sizes(300 nm,400 nm,and 500 nm)were designed and prepared as antibody carriers,which were successfully conjugated with salbutamol antibodies to construct a series of detection probes.On this basis,a highly sensitive immunochromatographic assay(ICA)platform was established,and the influence of carrier particle size on detection performance was systematically explored.The results revealed that as the particle size of Fe_(3)O_(4)@MOF-545 increased,the probe affinity constant significantly increased(5.23×10^(7)to 7.39×10^(7)),and the dissociation constant effectively decreased(1.27×10^(-8)to 0.83×10^(-8)),indicating a significant increase in the antigen‒antibody binding capacity;the limit of detection was greatly reduced(0.33μg/kg to 0.15μg/kg),with sensitivity improved by more than 50%;the equilibrium time of immune kinetic reactions was shortened by 2 min,significantly accelerating the detection speed.These key data clearly reveal that carrier particle size is a core factor regulating ICA analytical performance.This work not only provides a new perspective on the interaction mechanism between nanocarriers and antibodies but also lays an important foundation for the design of next-generation high-performance immunoassay platforms with broad application prospects.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(NSFC)of China(51725206,52122214,and 52072403)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(2222078)+4 种基金the Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2021GG0162)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA21070500)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2020006)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(2212022)Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture,CAS(IAGM2020C07).
文摘Na-ion batteries(NIBs)have received significant interest as potential candidates for large-scale energy storage owing to the widespread distribution of sodium and superior low-temperature performance.However,their commercial application is usually hindered by the high production cost and inadequate performance for electrode materials,particularly for cathodes.Na_(3)(VOPO_(4))_(2)F(NVOPF)has been recognized as one of the most promising cathodes for high-energy NIBs owing to the high working voltage and energy density.Here,we report a facile highly efficient room-temperature solution protocol for large-scale synthesis of NVOPF cathode for NIBs.By simply regulating pH,NVOPF can be obtained,which delivered a discharge capacity of 120.2 mAh g^(-1) at 0.1 C and 72%capacity retention over 8000 cycles at 25 C.Besides,the kilogram-level NVOPF products have been synthesized,and 26650 cylindrical cells were fabricated,which exhibit excellent cycling stabilities,remarkable lowtemperature performance with comparable safety features.We hope our findings could provide insights on the industrial application of NVOPF in NIBs.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC2902905)Beijing Nova Program,Chongqing Outstanding Youth Fund(2022NSCQ-JQX3895)+2 种基金Chongqing Talents Plan for Young Talents(CQYC202005032)The Key Project of Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Development(2022TIAD-DEX0024)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22109010 and 52202205).
文摘High-capacity Li-rich oxide materials have received extensive attention due to their unique anion-cation charge compensation involvement.However,the high operating voltage,poor cycling performance,unsafe oxygen evolution,and voltage decay limit their industrial application.The emergence and development of solid-state batteries offer a great opportunity to solve these issues by replacing flammable and unstable liquid electrolytes with solid electrolytes.Meanwhile,utilization of high-capacity Li-rich oxide cathodes enables to establish high-energy-density solid-state batteries with wide voltage ranges,light weight,and high mechanical properties.This review summarizes the recent progress of Li-rich oxide materials and solid electrolytes,emphasizing their major advantages,interface challenges,and modification approaches in the development of Li-rich solid-state batteries.We also propose possible characterization strategies for effective interfacial observation and analyses.It is hoped that this review should inspire the rational design and development of better solid-state batteries for application in portable devices,electric vehicles,as well as power grids.
