BACKGROUND Fruits of Gardenia jasminoides(G.jasminoides)have extremely high medicinal value.However,the quality and traits of the plants vary significantly based on their provenances.In addition,the behaviour of the k...BACKGROUND Fruits of Gardenia jasminoides(G.jasminoides)have extremely high medicinal value.However,the quality and traits of the plants vary significantly based on their provenances.In addition,the behaviour of the known bioactive components,such as geniposide and crocin,has been the primary focus of the research on G.jasminoides.However,the identification of unknown bioactive components and their metabolomics remains underexplored.Therefore,analysing the metabolic differences between gardenias from different sources is essential to provide a comprehensive theoretical basis for the evaluation of G.jasminoides and germplasm resource identification.AIM To systematically evaluate the morphology,secondary metabolites,typical active ingredients,and antioxidant activity of wild G.jasminoides fruits.METHODS Gardenia fruits were collected from different provenances.Metabolites were identified via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).The metabolic differences were compared using hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA).The antioxidant capacity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assays and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays,and its correlation with typical active ingredients was analysed.RESULTS A total of 444 and 240 metabolites were identified using UPLC-MS/MS in positive and negative ion modes,respectively.The HCA results of the flavonoids indicated that the higher content of flavonoids was in the fruits from Lukou.The differential analysis of metabolites in fruits from Shaoyang,Miluo and Lukou showed that the fruit from Miluo had the highest upregulated differential metabolites.CONCLUSION The metabolic characteristics of the Ningxiang and Xiangxi extracts were similar,while those of Lukou,Miluo and Shaoyang extracts differed significantly.展开更多
BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis(LC)affect millions of people worldwide.The pathogenesis of cirrhosis involves complex interactions between immune responses and gut microbiota.Recent studies have highlighted the role of the...BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis(LC)affect millions of people worldwide.The pathogenesis of cirrhosis involves complex interactions between immune responses and gut microbiota.Recent studies have highlighted the role of the interleukin-36(IL-36)subfamily in inflammation and immune regulation.However,the relationship between serum IL-36 subfamily levels and gut microbiota in cirrhosis patients remains unclear.This study aimed to explore the clinical significance of serum IL-36 subfamily levels and their association with gut microbiota in cirrhosis patients.AIM To explore the clinical significance of serum IL-36 subfamily levels and their relationship with gut microbiota among cirrhosis patients.METHODS Sixty-one cirrhosis patients were enrolled from Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University from May 2022 to November 2023 as the LC group and 29 healthy volunteers as the healthy control(HC)group.The serum expressions of IL-36α,IL-36β, IL-36γ, IL-36Ra, and IL-38 were measured through ELISA, while 16S rRNA gene sequencing was employed torate microbial community in human fecal samples.RESULTSThe serum levels of IL-36α, IL-36γ, IL-36Ra, and IL-38 in the LC group remarkably exceeded those in the HC group(P < 0.05). IL-36α, IL-36γ, and IL-38 were related positively to the Child-Pugh score (P < 0.05) and prominentlyexceeded those in the Child-Pugh C group (P < 0.05). The absolute abundance of harmful bacteria (Bacteroides,Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium) remarkably rose, while the beneficial bacteria (Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Escherichia-Shigella) notably decreased in the LC group (P < 0.05). IL-36α, IL-36γ, and IL-38 related positively to Lactobacillus(P < 0.05), while IL-38 negatively related to Fusicatenibacter (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONIL-36γ and IL-38 show promise as potential biomarkers for LC progression, but further validation is required.展开更多
基金Supported by The Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Funded Project of Hunan Forestry Bureau,No.XLKY202221。
文摘BACKGROUND Fruits of Gardenia jasminoides(G.jasminoides)have extremely high medicinal value.However,the quality and traits of the plants vary significantly based on their provenances.In addition,the behaviour of the known bioactive components,such as geniposide and crocin,has been the primary focus of the research on G.jasminoides.However,the identification of unknown bioactive components and their metabolomics remains underexplored.Therefore,analysing the metabolic differences between gardenias from different sources is essential to provide a comprehensive theoretical basis for the evaluation of G.jasminoides and germplasm resource identification.AIM To systematically evaluate the morphology,secondary metabolites,typical active ingredients,and antioxidant activity of wild G.jasminoides fruits.METHODS Gardenia fruits were collected from different provenances.Metabolites were identified via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).The metabolic differences were compared using hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA).The antioxidant capacity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assays and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays,and its correlation with typical active ingredients was analysed.RESULTS A total of 444 and 240 metabolites were identified using UPLC-MS/MS in positive and negative ion modes,respectively.The HCA results of the flavonoids indicated that the higher content of flavonoids was in the fruits from Lukou.The differential analysis of metabolites in fruits from Shaoyang,Miluo and Lukou showed that the fruit from Miluo had the highest upregulated differential metabolites.CONCLUSION The metabolic characteristics of the Ningxiang and Xiangxi extracts were similar,while those of Lukou,Miluo and Shaoyang extracts differed significantly.
基金Supported by Key Project of the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation,Zhejiang Province,China,No.2022J253Key Technology R&D Project of Ningbo City,No.2023Z208+1 种基金Traditional Chinese Medicine project,Zhejiang Province,No.2024ZF028the Key Project of Health Science and Technology Foundation,Zhejiang Province,China,No.WKJ-ZJ-2551.
文摘BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis(LC)affect millions of people worldwide.The pathogenesis of cirrhosis involves complex interactions between immune responses and gut microbiota.Recent studies have highlighted the role of the interleukin-36(IL-36)subfamily in inflammation and immune regulation.However,the relationship between serum IL-36 subfamily levels and gut microbiota in cirrhosis patients remains unclear.This study aimed to explore the clinical significance of serum IL-36 subfamily levels and their association with gut microbiota in cirrhosis patients.AIM To explore the clinical significance of serum IL-36 subfamily levels and their relationship with gut microbiota among cirrhosis patients.METHODS Sixty-one cirrhosis patients were enrolled from Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University from May 2022 to November 2023 as the LC group and 29 healthy volunteers as the healthy control(HC)group.The serum expressions of IL-36α,IL-36β, IL-36γ, IL-36Ra, and IL-38 were measured through ELISA, while 16S rRNA gene sequencing was employed torate microbial community in human fecal samples.RESULTSThe serum levels of IL-36α, IL-36γ, IL-36Ra, and IL-38 in the LC group remarkably exceeded those in the HC group(P < 0.05). IL-36α, IL-36γ, and IL-38 were related positively to the Child-Pugh score (P < 0.05) and prominentlyexceeded those in the Child-Pugh C group (P < 0.05). The absolute abundance of harmful bacteria (Bacteroides,Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium) remarkably rose, while the beneficial bacteria (Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Escherichia-Shigella) notably decreased in the LC group (P < 0.05). IL-36α, IL-36γ, and IL-38 related positively to Lactobacillus(P < 0.05), while IL-38 negatively related to Fusicatenibacter (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONIL-36γ and IL-38 show promise as potential biomarkers for LC progression, but further validation is required.
