Ginsenoside Rd has a clear neuroprotective effect against ischemic stroke. We aimed to verify the neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside Rd in spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury and explore its anti-apoptotic mech...Ginsenoside Rd has a clear neuroprotective effect against ischemic stroke. We aimed to verify the neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside Rd in spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury and explore its anti-apoptotic mechanisms. We established a spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury model in rats through the occlusion of the abdominal aorta below the level of the renal artery for 1 hour. Successfully established models were injected intraperitoneally with 6.25, 12.5, 25 or 50 mg/kg per day ginsenoside Rd. Spinal cord morphology was observed at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury. Intraperitoneal injection of ginsenoside Rd in ischemia/reperfusion injury rats not only improved hindlimb motor function and the morphology of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, but it also reduced neuronal apoptosis. The optimal dose of ginsenoside Rd was 25 mg/kg per day and the optimal time point was 5 days after ischemia/ reperfusion. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis showed ginsenoside Rd dose-de- pendently inhibited expression of pro-apoptotic Caspase 3 and down-regulated the expression of the apoptotic proteins ASK1 and JNK in the spinal cord of rats with spinal cord ischemia/reper- fusion injury. These findings indicate that ginsenoside Rd exerts neuroprotective effects against spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury and the underlying mechanisms are achieved through the inhibition of ASK1-JNK pathway and the down-regulation of Caspase 3 expression.展开更多
Organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs),which have been recently utilized in some flat-panel display screens such as mobile phones and televisions,show many merits,including light weight,high flexibility,energy preservat...Organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs),which have been recently utilized in some flat-panel display screens such as mobile phones and televisions,show many merits,including light weight,high flexibility,energy preservation,and so forth,and are considered the next-generation displays and solid-state lightings.Blue-emitting materials that can be applied in nondoped OLEDs with little efficiency roll-offs at high brightness are of great importance.Here,a highly efficient,blue-emitting material,9-phenyl10-(4-(pyren-1-yl)phenyl)-9H-pyreno[4,5-d]imidazole(PyPI-Py),is achieved using pyrene[4,5-d]imidazole and pyrene as the weak electron donor and electron acceptor,respectively.The nondoped blue OLED exhibits excellent performance with a maximum brightness of 75,687 cd m^(−2),a maximum current efficiency of 13.38 cd A−1,and a maximum external quantum efficiency(ηext)of 8.52%.Moreover,theηext is maintained at 8.35%and 8.05%at a brightness of 10,000 and 50,000 cd m^(−2),respectively,displaying extremely small efficiency roll-offs of 2.0%and 5.5%.The device characteristics are among the highest values for nondoped blue OLEDs and correspond to the best performance obtained for nondoped pyrene-based blue OLEDs.The superior performance is attributed to the proper donor–acceptor design strategy which results in a quasi-equivalent hybrid local and charge-transfer excited state with the maximum generation of an 82%fraction of singlet excitons.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Program Foundation of China,No.20110915
文摘Ginsenoside Rd has a clear neuroprotective effect against ischemic stroke. We aimed to verify the neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside Rd in spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury and explore its anti-apoptotic mechanisms. We established a spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury model in rats through the occlusion of the abdominal aorta below the level of the renal artery for 1 hour. Successfully established models were injected intraperitoneally with 6.25, 12.5, 25 or 50 mg/kg per day ginsenoside Rd. Spinal cord morphology was observed at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury. Intraperitoneal injection of ginsenoside Rd in ischemia/reperfusion injury rats not only improved hindlimb motor function and the morphology of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, but it also reduced neuronal apoptosis. The optimal dose of ginsenoside Rd was 25 mg/kg per day and the optimal time point was 5 days after ischemia/ reperfusion. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis showed ginsenoside Rd dose-de- pendently inhibited expression of pro-apoptotic Caspase 3 and down-regulated the expression of the apoptotic proteins ASK1 and JNK in the spinal cord of rats with spinal cord ischemia/reper- fusion injury. These findings indicate that ginsenoside Rd exerts neuroprotective effects against spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury and the underlying mechanisms are achieved through the inhibition of ASK1-JNK pathway and the down-regulation of Caspase 3 expression.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.91833304,51903032,and 21774047)the Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department(no.20180201084GX)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(no.LH2019B002)Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(nos.LBH-TZ1003 and LBH-Z17014)the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices(South China University of Technology,no.2021-skllmd)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs),which have been recently utilized in some flat-panel display screens such as mobile phones and televisions,show many merits,including light weight,high flexibility,energy preservation,and so forth,and are considered the next-generation displays and solid-state lightings.Blue-emitting materials that can be applied in nondoped OLEDs with little efficiency roll-offs at high brightness are of great importance.Here,a highly efficient,blue-emitting material,9-phenyl10-(4-(pyren-1-yl)phenyl)-9H-pyreno[4,5-d]imidazole(PyPI-Py),is achieved using pyrene[4,5-d]imidazole and pyrene as the weak electron donor and electron acceptor,respectively.The nondoped blue OLED exhibits excellent performance with a maximum brightness of 75,687 cd m^(−2),a maximum current efficiency of 13.38 cd A−1,and a maximum external quantum efficiency(ηext)of 8.52%.Moreover,theηext is maintained at 8.35%and 8.05%at a brightness of 10,000 and 50,000 cd m^(−2),respectively,displaying extremely small efficiency roll-offs of 2.0%and 5.5%.The device characteristics are among the highest values for nondoped blue OLEDs and correspond to the best performance obtained for nondoped pyrene-based blue OLEDs.The superior performance is attributed to the proper donor–acceptor design strategy which results in a quasi-equivalent hybrid local and charge-transfer excited state with the maximum generation of an 82%fraction of singlet excitons.
