[Objectives]To optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids of Lonicerae japonica and establish a method for its extraction and content determination.[Methods]The total flavonoids of L.japonica were extracted b...[Objectives]To optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids of Lonicerae japonica and establish a method for its extraction and content determination.[Methods]The total flavonoids of L.japonica were extracted by reflux extraction method.Through a single factor experiment,the effects of extraction method,extraction solvent concentration,extraction volume and extraction time on the total flavonoids content of medicinal materials were investigated to select the optimal extraction process of the total flavonoids of L.japonica.[Results]The optimal extraction process of the total flavonoids of L.japonica was 70%ethanol,1∶30 of solid-to-liquid ratio,and 1.0 h of reflux extraction time.[Conclusions]This method can effectively determine the content of total flavonoids in L.japonica and is expected to provide a certain scientific basis for the study of the quality standard of L.japonica.This method has high reproducibility.It is stable and feasible in extraction of total flavonoids from L.japonica.展开更多
Objective Recent studies have indicated potential anti-inflammatory effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)on asthma,which is often comorbid with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and obesity.Theref...Objective Recent studies have indicated potential anti-inflammatory effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)on asthma,which is often comorbid with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and obesity.Therefore,we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the association between the administration of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)receptor-based agonists and the incidence of asthma in patients with T2DM and/or obesity.Methods PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,and Clinicaltrial.gov were systematically searched from inception to July 2023.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of GLP-1 receptor-based agonists(GLP-1RA,GLP-1 based dual and triple receptor agonist)with reports of asthma events were included.Outcomes were computed as risk ratios(RR)using a fixedeffects model.Results Overall,39 RCTs with a total of 85,755 participants were included.Compared to non-GLP-1 receptor-based agonist users,a trend of reduced risk of asthma was observed in patients with T2DM or obesity using GLP-1 receptor-based agonist treatments,although the difference was not statistically significant[RR=0.91,95%confidence interval(CI):0.68 to 1.24].Further Subgroup analyses indicated that the use of light-molecular-weight GLP-1RAs might be associated with a reduced the risk of asthma when compared with non-users(RR=0.65,95%CI:0.43 to 0.99,P=0.043).We also performed sensitivity analyses for participant characteristics,study design,drug structure,duration of action,and drug subtypes.However,no significant associations were observed.Conclusion Compared with non-users,a modest reduction in the incidence of asthma was observed in patients with T2DM or obesity using GLP-1 receptor-based agonist treatments.Further investigations are warranted to assess the association between GLP-1 receptor-based agonists and the risk of asthma.展开更多
Multi-ring perfect vortex beams enable the multi-parameter detection of rotating objects,providing distinct advantages in various applications.Generating fine rings is essential in improving the signal-to-noise ratio(...Multi-ring perfect vortex beams enable the multi-parameter detection of rotating objects,providing distinct advantages in various applications.Generating fine rings is essential in improving the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)for microscopic detection.However,the current method of directly modulating with spatial light modulators is hindered by pixelization.Here,we propose an approach based on the Bessel beam kinoform and cross-polarization superposition to generate high-quality beams with fine ring radii.Through simulations and experiments,we demonstrate its advantages in enhancing the SNR and measuring the velocity gradient.This approach provides a universal strategy for beam design and velocity gradient detection in fluidic environments.展开更多
Background:Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors are both hypoglycemia agents that specifically impact on postprandial hyperglycemia.We compared the effects of acarbose and sitagliptin add ...Background:Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors are both hypoglycemia agents that specifically impact on postprandial hyperglycemia.We compared the effects of acarbose and sitagliptin add on to metformin on time in range(TIR)and glycemic variability(GV)in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through continuous glucose monitoring(CGM).Methods:This study was a randomized,open-label,active-controlled,parallel-group trial conducted at 15 centers in China from January 2020 to August 2022.We recruited patients with type 2 diabetes aged 18–65 years with body mass index(BMI)within 19–40 kg/m 2 and hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)between 6.5%and 9.0%.Eligible patients were randomized to receive either metformin combined with acarbose 100 mg three times daily or metformin combined with sitagliptin 100 mg once daily for 28 days.After the first 14-day treatment period,patients wore CGM and entered another 14-day treatment period.The primary outcome was the level of TIR after treatment between groups.We also performed time series decomposition,dimensionality reduction,and clustering using the CGM data.Results:A total of 701 participants received either acarbose or sitagliptin treatment in combination with metformin.There was no statistically significant difference in TIR between the two groups.Time below range(TBR)and coefficient of variation(CV)levels in acarbose users were significantly lower than those in sitagliptin users.Median(25th percentile,75th percentile)of TBR below target level<3.9 mmol/L(TBR 3.9):Acarbose:0.45%(0,2.13%)vs.Sitagliptin:0.78%(0,3.12%),P=0.042;Median(25th percentile,75th percentile)of TBR below target level<3.0 mmol/L(TBR 3.0):Acarbose:0(0,0.22%)vs.Sitagliptin:0(0,0.63%),P=0.033;CV:Acarbose:22.44±5.08%vs.Sitagliptin:23.96±5.19%,P<0.001.By using time series analysis and clustering,we distinguished three groups of patients with representative metabolism characteristics,especially in GV(group with small wave,moderate wave and big wave).No significant difference was found in the complexity of glucose time series index(CGI)between acarbose users and sitagliptin users.By using time series analysis and clustering,we distinguished three groups of patients with representative metabolism characteristics,especially in GV.Conclusions:Acarbose had slight advantages over sitagliptin in improving GV and reducing the risk of hypoglycemia.Time series analysis of CGM data may predict GV and the risk of hypoglycemia.Trial Registration:Chinese Clinical Trial Registry:ChiCTR2000039424.展开更多
To the Editor:The global prevalence of diabetes is increasing dramatically.[1]To prevent and treat diabetes and its cardiovascular complications,clinical practice guidelines recommend to assess the prevalent nonmodifi...To the Editor:The global prevalence of diabetes is increasing dramatically.[1]To prevent and treat diabetes and its cardiovascular complications,clinical practice guidelines recommend to assess the prevalent nonmodifiable risk factors in people with diabetes.The prediction for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)risk in China(China-PAR)model was specifically developed to predict the 10-year risk for ASCVD in China.展开更多
Background:Cardiovascular(CV)disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes(T2D).The aim of this study was to determine the CV risk in Chinese patients with T2D based on the 201...Background:Cardiovascular(CV)disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes(T2D).The aim of this study was to determine the CV risk in Chinese patients with T2D based on the 2019 European Society of Cardiology(ESC)and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes(EASD)guidelines on diabetes,pre-diabetes,and CV diseases.Methods:A total of 25,411 patients with T2D,who participated in the study of China Cardiometabolic Registries 3B study,were included in our analysis.We assessed the proportions of patients in each CV risk category according to 2019 ESC/EASD guidelines.Results:Based on the 2019 ESC/EASD guidelines,16,663(65.6%),1895(7.5%),and 152(0.6%)of patients were included in"very high risk,""high risk,"and"moderate risk"categories,respectively.The proportions of patients in each category varied based on age,sex,body mass index,and duration.While 58.7%(9786/16,663)of elderly patients were classified to"very high risk"group,89.6%(3732/4165)of patients with obesity were divided into"very high risk"group.Almost all patients with a duration of diabetes>10 years had"very high risk"or"high risk."However,6701(26.4%)of Chinese T2D patients,who had shorter duration,and one or two risk factors,could not be included in any category(the"unclear risk"category).Conclusions:In China,most patients with T2D have"very high"or"high"CV risk based on 2019 ESC/EASD guidelines.However,the risk of patients in"unclear risk"group needs to be further classified.展开更多
Dear Editor,Molecular chaperones are critical mediators of oncogenesis and necessary for cell survival.1 The cytoplasmic chaperone TRiC(Tcomplex protein-1 ring complex,also known as CCT)comprises two back-to-back stac...Dear Editor,Molecular chaperones are critical mediators of oncogenesis and necessary for cell survival.1 The cytoplasmic chaperone TRiC(Tcomplex protein-1 ring complex,also known as CCT)comprises two back-to-back stacked rings,with each ring containing eight subunits(CCT1–CCT8).2 And the effects of CCT subunits on tumors may be different.However,the roles of the CCT1 subunit(also known as TCP1)in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and its molecular mechanism have not been investigated thoroughly.Understanding these details can provide new ideas and strategies for treating HCC.展开更多
基金National Traditional Chinese Medicine Characteristic Technology Heritage Talent Training Program(T20184828005,2015481601003).
文摘[Objectives]To optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids of Lonicerae japonica and establish a method for its extraction and content determination.[Methods]The total flavonoids of L.japonica were extracted by reflux extraction method.Through a single factor experiment,the effects of extraction method,extraction solvent concentration,extraction volume and extraction time on the total flavonoids content of medicinal materials were investigated to select the optimal extraction process of the total flavonoids of L.japonica.[Results]The optimal extraction process of the total flavonoids of L.japonica was 70%ethanol,1∶30 of solid-to-liquid ratio,and 1.0 h of reflux extraction time.[Conclusions]This method can effectively determine the content of total flavonoids in L.japonica and is expected to provide a certain scientific basis for the study of the quality standard of L.japonica.This method has high reproducibility.It is stable and feasible in extraction of total flavonoids from L.japonica.
基金supported by The Beijing Natural Science Foundation[No.7202216]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[No.81970698 and No.81970708].
文摘Objective Recent studies have indicated potential anti-inflammatory effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)on asthma,which is often comorbid with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and obesity.Therefore,we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the association between the administration of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)receptor-based agonists and the incidence of asthma in patients with T2DM and/or obesity.Methods PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,and Clinicaltrial.gov were systematically searched from inception to July 2023.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of GLP-1 receptor-based agonists(GLP-1RA,GLP-1 based dual and triple receptor agonist)with reports of asthma events were included.Outcomes were computed as risk ratios(RR)using a fixedeffects model.Results Overall,39 RCTs with a total of 85,755 participants were included.Compared to non-GLP-1 receptor-based agonist users,a trend of reduced risk of asthma was observed in patients with T2DM or obesity using GLP-1 receptor-based agonist treatments,although the difference was not statistically significant[RR=0.91,95%confidence interval(CI):0.68 to 1.24].Further Subgroup analyses indicated that the use of light-molecular-weight GLP-1RAs might be associated with a reduced the risk of asthma when compared with non-users(RR=0.65,95%CI:0.43 to 0.99,P=0.043).We also performed sensitivity analyses for participant characteristics,study design,drug structure,duration of action,and drug subtypes.However,no significant associations were observed.Conclusion Compared with non-users,a modest reduction in the incidence of asthma was observed in patients with T2DM or obesity using GLP-1 receptor-based agonist treatments.Further investigations are warranted to assess the association between GLP-1 receptor-based agonists and the risk of asthma.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFA1404800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12174280,12204340,12574363,12574327,12192254,12404343,92250304,12434012,and W2441005)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Multi-ring perfect vortex beams enable the multi-parameter detection of rotating objects,providing distinct advantages in various applications.Generating fine rings is essential in improving the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)for microscopic detection.However,the current method of directly modulating with spatial light modulators is hindered by pixelization.Here,we propose an approach based on the Bessel beam kinoform and cross-polarization superposition to generate high-quality beams with fine ring radii.Through simulations and experiments,we demonstrate its advantages in enhancing the SNR and measuring the velocity gradient.This approach provides a universal strategy for beam design and velocity gradient detection in fluidic environments.
文摘Background:Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors are both hypoglycemia agents that specifically impact on postprandial hyperglycemia.We compared the effects of acarbose and sitagliptin add on to metformin on time in range(TIR)and glycemic variability(GV)in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through continuous glucose monitoring(CGM).Methods:This study was a randomized,open-label,active-controlled,parallel-group trial conducted at 15 centers in China from January 2020 to August 2022.We recruited patients with type 2 diabetes aged 18–65 years with body mass index(BMI)within 19–40 kg/m 2 and hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)between 6.5%and 9.0%.Eligible patients were randomized to receive either metformin combined with acarbose 100 mg three times daily or metformin combined with sitagliptin 100 mg once daily for 28 days.After the first 14-day treatment period,patients wore CGM and entered another 14-day treatment period.The primary outcome was the level of TIR after treatment between groups.We also performed time series decomposition,dimensionality reduction,and clustering using the CGM data.Results:A total of 701 participants received either acarbose or sitagliptin treatment in combination with metformin.There was no statistically significant difference in TIR between the two groups.Time below range(TBR)and coefficient of variation(CV)levels in acarbose users were significantly lower than those in sitagliptin users.Median(25th percentile,75th percentile)of TBR below target level<3.9 mmol/L(TBR 3.9):Acarbose:0.45%(0,2.13%)vs.Sitagliptin:0.78%(0,3.12%),P=0.042;Median(25th percentile,75th percentile)of TBR below target level<3.0 mmol/L(TBR 3.0):Acarbose:0(0,0.22%)vs.Sitagliptin:0(0,0.63%),P=0.033;CV:Acarbose:22.44±5.08%vs.Sitagliptin:23.96±5.19%,P<0.001.By using time series analysis and clustering,we distinguished three groups of patients with representative metabolism characteristics,especially in GV(group with small wave,moderate wave and big wave).No significant difference was found in the complexity of glucose time series index(CGI)between acarbose users and sitagliptin users.By using time series analysis and clustering,we distinguished three groups of patients with representative metabolism characteristics,especially in GV.Conclusions:Acarbose had slight advantages over sitagliptin in improving GV and reducing the risk of hypoglycemia.Time series analysis of CGM data may predict GV and the risk of hypoglycemia.Trial Registration:Chinese Clinical Trial Registry:ChiCTR2000039424.
文摘To the Editor:The global prevalence of diabetes is increasing dramatically.[1]To prevent and treat diabetes and its cardiovascular complications,clinical practice guidelines recommend to assess the prevalent nonmodifiable risk factors in people with diabetes.The prediction for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)risk in China(China-PAR)model was specifically developed to predict the 10-year risk for ASCVD in China.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81970708,81970698,and 81900805)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC1304901)。
文摘Background:Cardiovascular(CV)disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes(T2D).The aim of this study was to determine the CV risk in Chinese patients with T2D based on the 2019 European Society of Cardiology(ESC)and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes(EASD)guidelines on diabetes,pre-diabetes,and CV diseases.Methods:A total of 25,411 patients with T2D,who participated in the study of China Cardiometabolic Registries 3B study,were included in our analysis.We assessed the proportions of patients in each CV risk category according to 2019 ESC/EASD guidelines.Results:Based on the 2019 ESC/EASD guidelines,16,663(65.6%),1895(7.5%),and 152(0.6%)of patients were included in"very high risk,""high risk,"and"moderate risk"categories,respectively.The proportions of patients in each category varied based on age,sex,body mass index,and duration.While 58.7%(9786/16,663)of elderly patients were classified to"very high risk"group,89.6%(3732/4165)of patients with obesity were divided into"very high risk"group.Almost all patients with a duration of diabetes>10 years had"very high risk"or"high risk."However,6701(26.4%)of Chinese T2D patients,who had shorter duration,and one or two risk factors,could not be included in any category(the"unclear risk"category).Conclusions:In China,most patients with T2D have"very high"or"high"CV risk based on 2019 ESC/EASD guidelines.However,the risk of patients in"unclear risk"group needs to be further classified.
基金supported by the Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology,Fujian province(2017Y9054 and 2017Y9100)the Special Financial Found of Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology(Min 2015-1297)+2 种基金the Construction Project of Fujian Medical Center of Hematology(Min 2017-04)the National and Fujian Provincial Key Clinical Specialty Discipline Construction Program of Chinaand the Foundation of Fujian Key Laboratory of Hematology(2009J1004).
文摘Dear Editor,Molecular chaperones are critical mediators of oncogenesis and necessary for cell survival.1 The cytoplasmic chaperone TRiC(Tcomplex protein-1 ring complex,also known as CCT)comprises two back-to-back stacked rings,with each ring containing eight subunits(CCT1–CCT8).2 And the effects of CCT subunits on tumors may be different.However,the roles of the CCT1 subunit(also known as TCP1)in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and its molecular mechanism have not been investigated thoroughly.Understanding these details can provide new ideas and strategies for treating HCC.
