glycation end products （AGEs） play an important role in vascular complications of diabetes, including fibrinolytic abnormalities. Pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma （PPARy） agonist, h...glycation end products （AGEs） play an important role in vascular complications of diabetes, including fibrinolytic abnormalities. Pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma （PPARy） agonist, has recently been shown to reduce circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 （PAI-1 ） levels in diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we investigated the effects of pioglitazone on the expression of local PAI-1 in rat vascular smooth muscle cells （VSMCs） induced by AGEs and the underlying mechanism. The result showed that AGEs could enhance the PAI-1 expression by 5.1-fold in mRNA and 2.7-fold in protein level, as evaluated by real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Pioglitazone was found to down-regulate the AGE-stimulated PAI-1 expression in VSMCs. However, these inhibitory effects were partially attenuated by the PPARy antagonist, GW9662. Furthermore, we found that AGEs induced a rapid increase in phosphorylation and activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 （ERK1/2）. The ERK kinase inhibitor, U0126, partially prevented the induction of PAI-1 by AGEs. Moreover, pioglitazone was also found to inhibit the pbosphorylation of ERKI/2. Taken together, it was concluded that pioglitazone could inhibit AGE-induced PAI-1 expression, which was mediated by the ERK1/2 and PPARy pathways. Our findings suggested pioglitazone had a therapeutic potential in improving fibrinolytic activity, and consequently preventing thromboembolic complications of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.展开更多
Background Deep convolutional neural networks have garnered considerable attention in numerous machine learning applications,particularly in visual recognition tasks such as image and video analyses.There is a growing...Background Deep convolutional neural networks have garnered considerable attention in numerous machine learning applications,particularly in visual recognition tasks such as image and video analyses.There is a growing interest in applying this technology to diverse applications in medical image analysis.Automated three dimensional Breast Ultrasound is a vital tool for detecting breast cancer,and computer-assisted diagnosis software,developed based on deep learning,can effectively assist radiologists in diagnosis.However,the network model is prone to overfitting during training,owing to challenges such as insufficient training data.This study attempts to solve the problem caused by small datasets and improve model detection performance.Methods We propose a breast cancer detection framework based on deep learning(a transfer learning method based on cross-organ cancer detection)and a contrastive learning method based on breast imaging reporting and data systems(BI-RADS).Results When using cross organ transfer learning and BIRADS based contrastive learning,the average sensitivity of the model increased by a maximum of 16.05%.Conclusion Our experiments have demonstrated that the parameters and experiences of cross-organ cancer detection can be mutually referenced,and contrastive learning method based on BI-RADS can improve the detection performance of the model.展开更多
Exploring exogenous additives to enhance non-protein energy ingredient utilization in fish is highly anticipated.Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG)is a prominent polyphenol found in green tea.To assess the regulatory ef...Exploring exogenous additives to enhance non-protein energy ingredient utilization in fish is highly anticipated.Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG)is a prominent polyphenol found in green tea.To assess the regulatory effect of EGCG on metabolic disorders induced by an excess of non-protein energy sources in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella),five isonitrogenous diets were formulated:a control diet(23% digestible carbohydrates,4.7% crude lipids),a high-carbohydrate(HC;48% digestible carbohydrates,4.7% crude lipids)diet,a high-fat(HF;23% digestible carbohydrates,9.6% crude lipid)diet,the HC diet supplemented with 0.05% EGCG(HC+EGCG)and the HF diet supplemented with 0.05% EGCG(HF+EGCG).The diets were fed to 450 fish(initial body weight=8.50 g)in three replicates for eight weeks.After the feeding trial,compared with the control group,EGCG significantly alleviated the growth suppression induced by HC or HF intake(P<0.05).Dietary EGCG supplementation downregulated the expression of fatty acid synthesis genes(srebp1,acc,and fas)(P<0.05).Further,EGCG supplementation to the HC diet significantly increased hepatic glycogen synthesis and suppressed elevated glucose concentration through gluconeogenesis(P<0.05).Additionally,EGCG supplementation significantly reduced excess circulating glucose by inhibiting α-amylase activities and decreasing the expression of glucose transporter 2(glut2)in the intestines of grass carp(P<0.05).Furthermore,in order to reveal the mechanism of EGCG affecting feeding and metabolism,transcriptome analysis on grass carp hepatocytes was conducted.The results showed that the leptin b(lepb)and G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1(gpbar1)were key candidate genes among differentially expressed genes from the cell transcriptome.Further in vivo studies found that the high leptin release induced by EGCG may play a pivotal role in the regulation of feed intake and appetite.Moreover,through in silico docking and microscale thermophoresis analysis,G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1(GPBAR1)was identified as a potential membrane receptor that directly interacts with EGCG,mediating its regulatory effect on metabolism.Therefore,plant-derived products containing high levels of EGCG could be considered as natural feed additives for regulating glucose redistribution,as they can mitigate the elevated blood glucose levels in fish caused by consuming a HC diet.展开更多
Epoxy insulator is affected by surface charge accumulation under a strong electric field,which causes a decrease in the surface flashover voltage,threatening the safe operation of power equipment.This study reports on...Epoxy insulator is affected by surface charge accumulation under a strong electric field,which causes a decrease in the surface flashover voltage,threatening the safe operation of power equipment.This study reports on a flexible coating strategy for the insulator to inhibit the charge accumulation through numerical simulation.The experiment was con-ducted initially to reveal the charge accumulation feature.Then,the flexible coating method was proposed,in which the insulator surface was divided into three parts,and surface coatings with various conductivities were painted on the designated areas to adjust the charge distribution.Finally,the efficiency of such a coating strategy was estimated considering the temperature gradient.The results presented that the homo-charge was mostly deposited on the non-planar area of the spacer.The maximum charge density first decreased and then increased with increasing surface conductivity.The charge accumulation could be restrained by increasing the surface conductivity of insulator effectively.A sig-nificant suppression was achieved by properly coating with high conductivity at the non-planar region and with low conductivity at the planar region.The suppression perfor-mance of such a strategy became reduced as the temperature gradient increased.The results indicate that the flexible coating can balance charge deposition in the non-planar region and restrain charge injection near the electrode,thereby inhibiting the charge accumulation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science foundation of China(No.30070300)
文摘glycation end products （AGEs） play an important role in vascular complications of diabetes, including fibrinolytic abnormalities. Pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma （PPARy） agonist, has recently been shown to reduce circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 （PAI-1 ） levels in diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we investigated the effects of pioglitazone on the expression of local PAI-1 in rat vascular smooth muscle cells （VSMCs） induced by AGEs and the underlying mechanism. The result showed that AGEs could enhance the PAI-1 expression by 5.1-fold in mRNA and 2.7-fold in protein level, as evaluated by real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Pioglitazone was found to down-regulate the AGE-stimulated PAI-1 expression in VSMCs. However, these inhibitory effects were partially attenuated by the PPARy antagonist, GW9662. Furthermore, we found that AGEs induced a rapid increase in phosphorylation and activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 （ERK1/2）. The ERK kinase inhibitor, U0126, partially prevented the induction of PAI-1 by AGEs. Moreover, pioglitazone was also found to inhibit the pbosphorylation of ERKI/2. Taken together, it was concluded that pioglitazone could inhibit AGE-induced PAI-1 expression, which was mediated by the ERK1/2 and PPARy pathways. Our findings suggested pioglitazone had a therapeutic potential in improving fibrinolytic activity, and consequently preventing thromboembolic complications of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
基金Macao Polytechnic University Grant(RP/FCSD-01/2022RP/FCA-05/2022)Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao(0105/2022/A).
文摘Background Deep convolutional neural networks have garnered considerable attention in numerous machine learning applications,particularly in visual recognition tasks such as image and video analyses.There is a growing interest in applying this technology to diverse applications in medical image analysis.Automated three dimensional Breast Ultrasound is a vital tool for detecting breast cancer,and computer-assisted diagnosis software,developed based on deep learning,can effectively assist radiologists in diagnosis.However,the network model is prone to overfitting during training,owing to challenges such as insufficient training data.This study attempts to solve the problem caused by small datasets and improve model detection performance.Methods We propose a breast cancer detection framework based on deep learning(a transfer learning method based on cross-organ cancer detection)and a contrastive learning method based on breast imaging reporting and data systems(BI-RADS).Results When using cross organ transfer learning and BIRADS based contrastive learning,the average sensitivity of the model increased by a maximum of 16.05%.Conclusion Our experiments have demonstrated that the parameters and experiences of cross-organ cancer detection can be mutually referenced,and contrastive learning method based on BI-RADS can improve the detection performance of the model.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFD1702102)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2308085Y26)+1 种基金Research Funds of Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM(2023SJY01)Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Educational Committee(2023AH051026).
文摘Exploring exogenous additives to enhance non-protein energy ingredient utilization in fish is highly anticipated.Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG)is a prominent polyphenol found in green tea.To assess the regulatory effect of EGCG on metabolic disorders induced by an excess of non-protein energy sources in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella),five isonitrogenous diets were formulated:a control diet(23% digestible carbohydrates,4.7% crude lipids),a high-carbohydrate(HC;48% digestible carbohydrates,4.7% crude lipids)diet,a high-fat(HF;23% digestible carbohydrates,9.6% crude lipid)diet,the HC diet supplemented with 0.05% EGCG(HC+EGCG)and the HF diet supplemented with 0.05% EGCG(HF+EGCG).The diets were fed to 450 fish(initial body weight=8.50 g)in three replicates for eight weeks.After the feeding trial,compared with the control group,EGCG significantly alleviated the growth suppression induced by HC or HF intake(P<0.05).Dietary EGCG supplementation downregulated the expression of fatty acid synthesis genes(srebp1,acc,and fas)(P<0.05).Further,EGCG supplementation to the HC diet significantly increased hepatic glycogen synthesis and suppressed elevated glucose concentration through gluconeogenesis(P<0.05).Additionally,EGCG supplementation significantly reduced excess circulating glucose by inhibiting α-amylase activities and decreasing the expression of glucose transporter 2(glut2)in the intestines of grass carp(P<0.05).Furthermore,in order to reveal the mechanism of EGCG affecting feeding and metabolism,transcriptome analysis on grass carp hepatocytes was conducted.The results showed that the leptin b(lepb)and G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1(gpbar1)were key candidate genes among differentially expressed genes from the cell transcriptome.Further in vivo studies found that the high leptin release induced by EGCG may play a pivotal role in the regulation of feed intake and appetite.Moreover,through in silico docking and microscale thermophoresis analysis,G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1(GPBAR1)was identified as a potential membrane receptor that directly interacts with EGCG,mediating its regulatory effect on metabolism.Therefore,plant-derived products containing high levels of EGCG could be considered as natural feed additives for regulating glucose redistribution,as they can mitigate the elevated blood glucose levels in fish caused by consuming a HC diet.
基金State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Company,Grant/Award Number:5500-202099277A-0-0-00。
文摘Epoxy insulator is affected by surface charge accumulation under a strong electric field,which causes a decrease in the surface flashover voltage,threatening the safe operation of power equipment.This study reports on a flexible coating strategy for the insulator to inhibit the charge accumulation through numerical simulation.The experiment was con-ducted initially to reveal the charge accumulation feature.Then,the flexible coating method was proposed,in which the insulator surface was divided into three parts,and surface coatings with various conductivities were painted on the designated areas to adjust the charge distribution.Finally,the efficiency of such a coating strategy was estimated considering the temperature gradient.The results presented that the homo-charge was mostly deposited on the non-planar area of the spacer.The maximum charge density first decreased and then increased with increasing surface conductivity.The charge accumulation could be restrained by increasing the surface conductivity of insulator effectively.A sig-nificant suppression was achieved by properly coating with high conductivity at the non-planar region and with low conductivity at the planar region.The suppression perfor-mance of such a strategy became reduced as the temperature gradient increased.The results indicate that the flexible coating can balance charge deposition in the non-planar region and restrain charge injection near the electrode,thereby inhibiting the charge accumulation.
