AIM:To compare spontaneous brain regional activities between diabetic vitreous hemorrhage patients(DVHs)and healthy controls(HCs).METHODS:Thirty-two DVHs and 32 HCs were enrolled in this study.Baseline demographic and...AIM:To compare spontaneous brain regional activities between diabetic vitreous hemorrhage patients(DVHs)and healthy controls(HCs).METHODS:Thirty-two DVHs and 32 HCs were enrolled in this study.Baseline demographic and vision data were compared between groups using an independent sample t-test.Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)was used in all participants.fMRI data was obtained and analyzed using MRIcro and SPM8 software.Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(fALFF)technology was used to measure regional spontaneous brain activity,and sensitivity was tested using receiver operating characteristic curves(ROCs).The fALFF values were analyzed using REST software and two-sample t-tests were used to compare values between groups.Hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS)score was assessed in DVHs and Pearson’s correlation was used to test relationships between mean fALFF value and both HADS score and duration of DVH.RESULTS:Except for the best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)in both eyes,which showed a statistically significant difference(P<0.05),there were no statistically significant differences in the other indicators(P>0.05)between the HCs and DVHs group.Compared with controls,fALFF value was higher in DVH in cerebellum posterior lobe(CPL)and lower in right anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)and right medial orbitofrontal cortex(OFC).In DVH patients,mean fALFF value of CPL was positively correlated with HADS score and duration of diabetes.However,no such correlation was found,for right ACC or right medial OFC.DVH may lead to abnormal activities in certain brain regions related to visual control and mood.CONCLUSION:Visual impairment caused by DVH may lead to adjustment in regional visual brain activities and may be related to depression or reward system processing in some brain regions.展开更多
BACKGROUND Anxiety,depression,and other negative emotions are common among patients with chronic renal failure(CRF).Analyzing the factors related to negative emotions is necessary to provide targeted nursing care.AIM ...BACKGROUND Anxiety,depression,and other negative emotions are common among patients with chronic renal failure(CRF).Analyzing the factors related to negative emotions is necessary to provide targeted nursing care.AIM To explore the correlations among life satisfaction,pleasure levels,and negative emotions in patients with CRF.METHODS One hundred patients with CRF who received therapy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University between December 2022 and February 2025 were included.The Depression,Anxiety,and Stress Scale(DASS-21),Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS),and Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale(TEPS)were used to evaluate negative emotions,life satisfaction,and pleasure level,respectively.Pearson’s correlation coefficient analyzed the correlation between life satisfaction,pleasure level,and negative emotions.Linear regression analysis identified the factors affecting negative emotions.RESULTS The average DASS-21 score among patients with CRF was 51.90±2.30,with subscale scores of 17.90±1.50 for depression,18.53±1.18 for anxiety,and 15.47±2.36 for stress,all significantly higher than the domestic norm(P<0.05).The average SWLS score was 22.17±4.90.Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between the SWLS and total DASS-21 scores(P<0.05),but not with the individual depression,anxiety,or stress dimensions.The average TEPS score was 67.80±8.34.TEPS scores were negatively correlated with the DASS-21 score and the stress dimension(P<0.05),but not with depression or anxiety.Linear regression analysis showed that TEPS scores significantly influenced DASS-21 scores(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Patients with CRF experience high levels of negative emotions,which are negatively correlated with life satisfaction and pleasure.Furthermore,pleasure level had an impact on negative emotions.展开更多
AIM:To assess the possibility of using different large language models(LLMs)in ocular surface diseases by selecting five different LLMS to test their accuracy in answering specialized questions related to ocular surfa...AIM:To assess the possibility of using different large language models(LLMs)in ocular surface diseases by selecting five different LLMS to test their accuracy in answering specialized questions related to ocular surface diseases:ChatGPT-4,ChatGPT-3.5,Claude 2,PaLM2,and SenseNova.METHODS:A group of experienced ophthalmology professors were asked to develop a 100-question singlechoice question on ocular surface diseases designed to assess the performance of LLMs and human participants in answering ophthalmology specialty exam questions.The exam includes questions on the following topics:keratitis disease(20 questions),keratoconus,keratomalaciac,corneal dystrophy,corneal degeneration,erosive corneal ulcers,and corneal lesions associated with systemic diseases(20 questions),conjunctivitis disease(20 questions),trachoma,pterygoid and conjunctival tumor diseases(20 questions),and dry eye disease(20 questions).Then the total score of each LLMs and compared their mean score,mean correlation,variance,and confidence were calculated.RESULTS:GPT-4 exhibited the highest performance in terms of LLMs.Comparing the average scores of the LLMs group with the four human groups,chief physician,attending physician,regular trainee,and graduate student,it was found that except for ChatGPT-4,the total score of the rest of the LLMs is lower than that of the graduate student group,which had the lowest score in the human group.Both ChatGPT-4 and PaLM2 were more likely to give exact and correct answers,giving very little chance of an incorrect answer.ChatGPT-4 showed higher credibility when answering questions,with a success rate of 59%,but gave the wrong answer to the question 28% of the time.CONCLUSION:GPT-4 model exhibits excellent performance in both answer relevance and confidence.PaLM2 shows a positive correlation(up to 0.8)in terms of answer accuracy during the exam.In terms of answer confidence,PaLM2 is second only to GPT4 and surpasses Claude 2,SenseNova,and GPT-3.5.Despite the fact that ocular surface disease is a highly specialized discipline,GPT-4 still exhibits superior performance,suggesting that its potential and ability to be applied in this field is enormous,perhaps with the potential to be a valuable resource for medical students and clinicians in the future.展开更多
Beryllium(^(9)Be)serves as a crucial neutron multiplier and reflection material,being extensively employed in the nuclear industry.The evaluated nuclear data are utilized in the design of the nuclear devices.Following...Beryllium(^(9)Be)serves as a crucial neutron multiplier and reflection material,being extensively employed in the nuclear industry.The evaluated nuclear data are utilized in the design of the nuclear devices.Following the interaction between neutrons and^(9)Be,all neutrons generated stem from the^(9)Be(n,2n)^(8)Be reaction channel,except for the elastic scattering reaction channel.Nevertheless,the data of the outgoing neutron double differential cross section of the reaction channel provided by the latest internationally evaluated libraries still exhibit considerable discrepancies.A shielding integral experiment based on slab^(9)Be samples with measurements of neutron spectra leaked from different angles is an effective approach to verify the double differential cross-section data.Hence,in this study,a shielding integral experiment of^(9)Be samples of different thicknesses was conducted using a nanosecond pulsed deuterium-tritium neutron source established by the China Institute of Atomic Energy.The neutron time-of-flight spectra of three thicknesses(4.4 cm,8.8 cm,and 13.2 cm)and six angles(47°,58°,73°,107°,122°,and 133°)were measured by the neutron time-of-flight method,and 18 sets of experimental data were obtained.Additionally,the MCNP-4C program was used to obtain the simulated results of the leakage neutron spectra using the evaluated nuclear data of^(9)Be from the CENDL-3.2,ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0,JENDL-5,and JEFF-3.3 libraries.The simulated results of the leakage neutron spectra were compared with the experimental results,and the results showed that in the elastic scattering energy region,the simulated results from the CENDL-3.2,ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0,and JENDL-5 libraries were slightly higher at small angles and slightly lower at large angles.In the(n,2n)energy region,the simulated results from the CENDL-3.2 library were significantly different from the experimental results in terms of spectral shape,and the simulated results from the ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0 and the JENDL-5 libraries were in good agreement with the experimental results at small angles but low at large angles.The simulated results from the JEFF-3.3 library showed serious underestimation at all angles.展开更多
AIM:To analyze whether alterations of voxel mirror homology connectivity(VMHC)values,as determined by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rsfMRI),occur in cerebral regions of patients with hypertensive...AIM:To analyze whether alterations of voxel mirror homology connectivity(VMHC)values,as determined by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rsfMRI),occur in cerebral regions of patients with hypertensive retinopathy(HR)and to determine the relationship between VMHC values and clinical characteristics in patients with HR.METHODS:Twenty-one patients with HR and 21 agematched healthy controls(HCs)were assessed by rsfMRI scanning.The functional connectivity between the hemispheres of the cerebrum was assessed by measuring VMHC,with the ability of VMHC to distinguish between the HR and HC groups assessed using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.Differences in the demographic and clinical characteristics of the HR and HC groups were analyzed by independent sample t-tests.The relationship between average VMHC in several brain areas of HR patients and clinical features was determined using Pearson correlation analysis.RESULTS:Mean VMHC values of the bilateral cuneus gyrus(BA19),bilateral middle orbitofrontal gyrus(BA47),bilateral middle temporal gyrus(BA39)and bilateral superior medial frontal gyrus(BA9)were lower in the HR than in the HC group.CONCLUSION:VMHC values can predict the development of early HR,prevent the transformation of hypertensive microangiopathy,and provide useful information explaining the changes in neural mechanism associated with HR.展开更多
This letter addresses Pravda's innovative review,which proposes hydrogen pe-roxide as the primary pathogenic factor in ulcerative colitis(UC).Although the author presents intriguing mechanistic insights and report...This letter addresses Pravda's innovative review,which proposes hydrogen pe-roxide as the primary pathogenic factor in ulcerative colitis(UC).Although the author presents intriguing mechanistic insights and reports encouraging clinical outcomes with reducing agents,several methodological and clinical considera-tions require discussion.We examine three key aspects:The selective evidence synthesis approach;the need for rigorous clinical validation of proposed thera-pies;and the integration of this novel hypothesis with established inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis.Given the complexity of UC,future therapeutic ad-vances may require collaborative approaches that integrate redox-based mecha-nisms into existing evidence-based frameworks rather than replacing current paradigms.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)require long-term antiviral therapy.The effects of different antiviral drugs on kidney function are unclear.There is a lack of effective markers for monitoring early re...BACKGROUND Patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)require long-term antiviral therapy.The effects of different antiviral drugs on kidney function are unclear.There is a lack of effective markers for monitoring early renal impairment.AIM To investigate the rate of abnormal renal function index and related potential hazards in patients with CHB.METHODS Clinical data of patients with CHB with urinaryβ2-microglobulin(β2-M)detec-tion,including demographic characteristics,hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA,serum liver function(alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,total bilirubin,direct bilirubin),serum renal function(urea nitrogen,creatinine),blood lipid index(high density lipoprotein,low density lipoprotein,cholesterol,trigly-ceride),liver imaging,and other routine tests were retrospectively collected.The normal level of urinaryβ2-M and estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)is defined as<0.173 mg/L and≥90 mL/min/1.73 m^(2),retrospectively.The pro-portion of patients with abnormal renal function index and related risk factors were analyzed.RESULTS A total of 500 patients with CHB were enrolled;these patients were aged 44.7±10.8 years,67.2%(336/500)were male,57.2%(286/500)were treated with anti-viral drugs,and 52.2%(261/500)had an HBV-related family history.In total,28.8%(144/500)of patients had fatty liver,35.0%(175/500)had liver fibrosis,and 13.2%(66/500)had cirrhosis.The proportion of patients with eGFR<90 mL/min/1.73 m^(2) was 43.2%(216/500),and the abnormal rate of urinaryβ2-M was 56.2%(281/500).There was no significant difference in the abnormal rate of urinaryβ2-M between the untreated group and the antiviral treated group(54.2%vs 57.7%;P=0.25).The abnormal rate ofβ2-M after long-term entecavir treatment(more than 1 year)was 54.6%(89/163).In the treatment group,56.4%(92/163)of patients with eGFR≥90 mL/min/1.73 m^(2) had abnormal urinaryβ2-M.CONCLUSION In patients with CHB,a higher proportion had greater urinaryβ2-M levels than eGFR for renal injury.Male patients should pay more attention to renal function and use antiviral regimens with a renal safety profile.展开更多
The significance of glial cells in the nervous system,particularly in the modulation of pain,has increasingly gained prominence,thereby shifting the traditional neurobiological research paradigm that predominantly foc...The significance of glial cells in the nervous system,particularly in the modulation of pain,has increasingly gained prominence,thereby shifting the traditional neurobiological research paradigm that predominantly focused on neurons.Acupuncture treatment have been shown to influence the functionality of glial cells,enabling them to serve as modulators that significantly contribute to the inhibition of neurogenic inflammation,the restoration of synaptic homeostasis,and the enhancement of the pain modulation system.Furthermore,various molecules and their associated signaling pathways facilitate the biological effects of glial cells in the context of acupuncture-induced analgesia.Notably,P2X receptors(P2X3,P2X4,and P2X7),the MAPK pathway(including p38MAPK and ERK),and the JAK/STAT pathway within glial cells are implicated in the modulation of neuroinflammation and pain regulation through acupuncture.These elucidated mechanisms underscore the potential of acupuncture to modulate neuroimmune signaling for pain alleviation and suggest the prospect of developing more targeted and effective treatments for chronic pain in the future.展开更多
BACKGROUND Most patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)exhibit mild symptoms;however,without timely intervention,the condition may progress to cirrhosis or even liver cancer.The development of internet-...BACKGROUND Most patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)exhibit mild symptoms;however,without timely intervention,the condition may progress to cirrhosis or even liver cancer.The development of internet-based proactive follow-up management models has provided new avenues for medical services,allowing patients to access online consultations and enabling doctors to efficiently manage patient information.These models have particular significance for NAFLD patients,as they can enhance compliance and facilitate timely intervention.AIM To explore the effect of an internet-based proactive follow-up management model on the prognosis management of patients with NAFLD.METHODS This study collected data from 145 patients diagnosed with NAFLD.The patients were randomly divided into the internet-based proactive follow-up group(71 patients)and the traditional follow-up group(74 patients).The traditional followup group underwent routine outpatient and telephone follow-up,while the internet-based proactive follow-up group used the WeChat applet for active reminding,health education and follow-up.During the follow-up period,patients’compliance,disease control status,and quality of life score were recorded.RESULTS The follow-up compliance of patients in the internet-based proactive follow-up group was significantly higher than that in the traditional follow-up group(85.6%vs 68.4%,P<0.01),and the quality of life score was significantly improved(78.9±7.6 vs 72.5±8.4,P<0.01).CONCLUSION The internet-based proactive follow-up management model can provide personalized health management plans and reduce the risk of disease deterioration,making it worthy of promotion in a broader healthcare context.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer(CC)stem cell-like cells(CCSLCs),defined by the capacity of differentiation and self-renewal and proliferation,play a significant role in the progression of CC.However,the molecular mechanism...BACKGROUND Cervical cancer(CC)stem cell-like cells(CCSLCs),defined by the capacity of differentiation and self-renewal and proliferation,play a significant role in the progression of CC.However,the molecular mechanisms regulating their self-renewal are poorly understood.Therefore,elucidation of the epigenetic mechanisms that drive cancer stem cell self-renewal will enhance our ability to improve the effectiveness of targeted therapies for cancer stem cells.AIM To explore how DNA methyltransferase 1(DNMT1)/miR-342-3p/Forkhead box M1(FoxM1),which have been shown to have abnormal expression in CCSLCs,and their signaling pathways could stimulate self-renewal-related stemness in CCSLCs.METHODS Sphere-forming cells derived from CC cell lines HeLa,SiHa and CaSki served as CCSLCs.Self-renewal-related stemness was identified by determining sphere and colony formation efficiency,CD133 and CD49f protein level,and SRY-box transcription factor 2 and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 mRNA level.The microRNA expression profiles between HeLa cells and HeLa-derived CCSLCs or mRNA expression profiles that HeLaderived CCSLCs were transfected with or without miR-342-3p mimic were compared using quantitative PCR analysis.The expression levels of DNMT1 mRNA,miR-342-3p,and FoxM1 protein were examined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting.In vivo carcinogenicity was assessed using a mouse xenograft model.The functional effects of the DNMT1/miR-342-3p/FoxM1 axis were examined by in vivo and in vitro gain-of-activity and loss-of-activity assessments.Interplay among DNMT1,miR-342-3p,and FoxM1 was tested by methylationspecific PCR and a respective luciferase reporter assay.RESULTS CCSLCs derived from the established HeLa cell lines displayed higher self-renewal-related stemness,including enhanced sphere and colony formation efficiency,increased CD133 and CD49f protein level,and heightened transcriptional quantity of stemness-related factors SRY-box transcription factor 2 and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 in vitro as well as a stronger tumorigenic potential in vivo compared to their parental cells.Moreover,quantitative PCR showed that the miR-342-3p level was downregulated in HeLa-derived CCSLCs compared to HeLa cells.Its mimic significantly decreased DNMT1 and FoxM1 mRNA expression levels in CCSLCs.Knockdown of DNMT1 or miR-342-3p mimic transfection suppressed DNMT1 expression,increased miR-342-3p quantity by promoter demethylation,and inhibited CCSLC self-renewal.Inhibition of FoxM1 by shRNA transfection also resulted in the attenuation of CCSLC self-renewal but had little effect on the DNMT1 activity and miR-342-3p expression.Furthermore,the loss of CCSLC self-renewal exerted by miR-342-3p mimic was inverted by the overexpression of DNMT1 or FoxM1.Furthermore,DNMT1 and FoxM1 were recognized as straight targets by miR-342-3p in HeLa-derived CCSLCs.CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that a novel DNMT1/miR-342-3p/FoxM1 signal axis promotes CCSLC self-renewal and presented a potential target for the treatment of CC through suppression of CCSLC self-renewal.However,this pathway has been previously implicated in CC,as evidenced by prior studies showing miR-342-3p-mediated downregulation of FoxM1 in cervical cancer cells.Additionally,research on liver cancer further supports the involvement of miR-342-3p in suppressing FoxM1 expression.While our study contributed to this body of knowledge,we did not present a completely novel axis but reinforced the therapeutic potential of targeting the DNMT1/miR-342-3p/FoxM1 axis to suppress CCSLC self-renewal in CC treatment.展开更多
AIM:To investigate changes in local brain activity after laser assisted in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)in myopia patients,and further explore whether post-LASIK(POL)patients and healthy controls(HCs)can be distinguished...AIM:To investigate changes in local brain activity after laser assisted in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)in myopia patients,and further explore whether post-LASIK(POL)patients and healthy controls(HCs)can be distinguished by differences in dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations(dALFF)in specific brain regions.METHODS:The resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)data were collected from 15 myopic patients who underwent LASIK and 15 matched healthy controls.This method was selected to calculate the corresponding dALFF values of each participant,to compare dALFF between the groups and to determine whether dALFF distinguishes reliably between myopic patients after LASIK and HCs using the linear support vector machine(SVM)permutation test(5000 repetitions).RESULTS:dALFF was lower in POL than in HCs at the right precentral gyrus and right insula.Classification accuracy of the SVM was 89.1%(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:The activity of spontaneous neurons in the right precentral gyrus and right insula of myopic patients change significantly after LASIK.SVM can correctly classify POL patients and HCs based on dALFF differences.展开更多
Researchers commonly use cyclization recombination enzyme/locus of X-over P1(Cre/loxP)technology-based conditional gene knockouts of model mice to investigate the functional roles of genes of interest in Sertoli and L...Researchers commonly use cyclization recombination enzyme/locus of X-over P1(Cre/loxP)technology-based conditional gene knockouts of model mice to investigate the functional roles of genes of interest in Sertoli and Leydig cells within the testis.However,the shortcomings of these genetic tools include high costs,lengthy experimental periods,and limited accessibility for researchers.Therefore,exploring alternative gene silencing techniques is of great practical value.In this study,we employed adeno-associated virus(AAV)as a vector for gene silencing in Sertoli and Leydig cells.Our findings demonstrated that AAV serotypes 1,8,and 9 exhibited high infection efficiency in both types of testis cells.Importantly,we discovered that all three AAV serotypes exhibited exquisite specificity in targeting Sertoli cells via tubular injection while demonstrating remarkable selectivity in targeting Leydig cells via interstitial injection.We achieved cell-specific knockouts of the steroidogenic acute regulatory(Star)and luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin receptor(Lhcgr)genes in Leydig cells,but not in Sertoli cells,using AAV9-single guide RNA(sgRNA)-mediated gene editing in Rosa26-LSL-Cas9mice.Knockdown of androgen receptor(Ar)gene expression in Sertoli cells of wild-type mice was achieved via tubular injection of AAV9-short hairpinRNA(shRNA)-mediated targeting.Our findings offer technical approaches for investigating gene function in Sertoli and Leydig cells through AAV9-mediated gene silencing.展开更多
Background:Polygonati cyrtonema Hua(PC)has many pharmacological effects such as immune regulation,hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering,anti-oxidation and anti-tumor.Oligosaccharide is one of the main active components of P...Background:Polygonati cyrtonema Hua(PC)has many pharmacological effects such as immune regulation,hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering,anti-oxidation and anti-tumor.Oligosaccharide is one of the main active components of PC.At present,the research on Polygonatum cyrtonema oligosaccharides(PCOS)is not deep,and there is a lack of systematic research on the optimization of extraction process of pcos and the change of pcos and Polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharide content before and after wine steaming.Methods:The optimum extraction process of oligosaccharides from PC was optimized,and the content of oligosaccharides before and after wine steaming of PC was investigated.The single factor experiment was carried out with the ratio of liquid to material,extraction temperature and extraction time as the investigation factors.The extraction process of PCOS was optimized by Box Behnken design-response surface methodology,and the changes of total oligosaccharides and total polysaccharides before and after wine steaming were studied.Results:The optimal extraction process for the PCOS was 32:1 mL/g,85℃,and 1.5 h.The total PCOS decreased slightly after steaming,but the percentage of the total sugar increased.Conclusion:The extraction process of PCOS optimized by response surface method is reasonable and feasible.The changes of total oligosaccharides and total polysaccharides during the steaming process of PC can reveal the processing mechanism of PC to a certain extent,and provide scientific basis and technical support for better in-depth excavation and development and utilization of PCOS.展开更多
AIM:To elucidate the neuropathological mechanisms underlying diabetic vitreous hemorrhage(DVH)and its correlation with clinical characteristics.METHODS:Twenty-one individuals with DVH(male/female 12/9;mean age 52.29&#...AIM:To elucidate the neuropathological mechanisms underlying diabetic vitreous hemorrhage(DVH)and its correlation with clinical characteristics.METHODS:Twenty-one individuals with DVH(male/female 12/9;mean age 52.29±11.66y)were selected,alongside 21 appropriately matched controls with diabetes mellitus(DM).Voxel-based morphometry(VBM)techniques were employed to identify aberrant functional regions in the brain.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were utilized for classification based on the average VBM values of the two groups,and Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between average VBM values in distinct brain regions and clinical manifestations.RESULTS:Relative to the DM controls,DVH patients exhibited reduced VBM values in the right superior temporal pole,the right superior temporal gyrus,the right medial orbital frontal gyrus,and the left superior frontal gyrus.Furthermore,ROC curve analysis of these four brain regions in DVH patients demonstrated a high degree of accuracy,as indicated by the area under the curve.The average VBM value in each of these regions exhibited a negative correlation with both the duration of DVH and the score on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS).CONCLUSION:Pathological alterations in four distinct brain regions are observed in patients with DVH,potentially reflecting neuropathological changes associated with this condition.展开更多
Background:Building upon our previous work that developed a folate receptor-mediated,euphaorbia factor L1-loaded PLGA microsphere system integrating active and magnetic targeting for theranostics,further investigation...Background:Building upon our previous work that developed a folate receptor-mediated,euphaorbia factor L1-loaded PLGA microsphere system integrating active and magnetic targeting for theranostics,further investigation into its in vivo pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution is warranted despite its demonstrated biocompatibility and safety.Methods:A UPLC-MS/MS method was established to determine the concentration of euphorbia sterol in rat plasma and mouse tissue homogenates,healthy male SD rats and KM mice were administered in groups,drug concentrations at different time points were determined,pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by DAS software,and data were processed by SAS software.Results:The proposed method met the requirements of biological sample detection.The plasma pharmacokinetics of rats showed that the drug concentration in the microsphere group was lower than that in the injection group,and the parameters such as mean residence time(MRT(0–t)),half-life(T1/2z)and apparent volume of distribution(Vz)were significantly different from those in the solution group.The distribution of mouse tissues showed that the drug concentrations in the liver and lung tissues of the microsphere preparation group were higher than those in the injection group,and the drug concentrations in the lung and liver tissues were more distributed.Conclusion:The targeted drug delivery system changed the pharmacokinetic behavior and tissue distribution of euphorbia sterol,slowed down plasma elimination,prolonged the half-life,and improved the targeting of drugs in lung and liver tissues and the magnetic targeting effect of lungs.展开更多
AIM:To assess the alterations in the resting-state function connections between the two cerebral hemispheres in patients with optic neuritis(ON)and healthy controls(HCs).METHODS:A total of 12 ON patients(six males and...AIM:To assess the alterations in the resting-state function connections between the two cerebral hemispheres in patients with optic neuritis(ON)and healthy controls(HCs).METHODS:A total of 12 ON patients(six males and six females)and 12 HCs(six males and six females)who were highly matched for sex,age,and educational level were recruited.They underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI),testing and brain activities were assessed using the degree centrality(DC)method.Correlation analysis between the mean DC values in specific brain areas and behavior performances was analyzed as well.Linear correlations between A anxiety scale(AS)and depression scale(DS)values and DC values in brain regions of patients with ON were also analyzed.RESULTS:The areas that showed a higher DC value in ON patients were the right angular gyrus and bilateral precuneus,while the left insula and left superior temporal gyrus(LSTG)were regions that presented a lower DC value in ON patients.A receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis confirmed the accuracy of the area under the curve(AUC)assessment.Linear analysis showed anxiety scale(AS)and depression scale(DS)values in the left insula were both negatively correlated with DC values,while best corrected visual acuity logMAR-R(BCVA logMAR-R)showed a negative correlation with DC in the LSTG.CONCLUSION:The study explores altered brain activities of specific regions in patients with ON.The results provide clues for revealing the underlying mechanism of ON development.展开更多
AIM:To assess the performance of five distinct large language models(LLMs;ChatGPT-3.5,ChatGPT-4,PaLM2,Claude 2,and SenseNova)in comparison to two human cohorts(a group of funduscopic disease experts and a group of oph...AIM:To assess the performance of five distinct large language models(LLMs;ChatGPT-3.5,ChatGPT-4,PaLM2,Claude 2,and SenseNova)in comparison to two human cohorts(a group of funduscopic disease experts and a group of ophthalmologists)on the specialized subject of funduscopic disease.METHODS:Five distinct LLMs and two distinct human groups independently completed a 100-item funduscopic disease test.The performance of these entities was assessed by comparing their average scores,response stability,and answer confidence,thereby establishing a basis for evaluation.RESULTS:Among all the LLMs,ChatGPT-4 and PaLM2 exhibited the most substantial average correlation.Additionally,ChatGPT-4 achieved the highest average score and demonstrated the utmost confidence during the exam.In comparison to human cohorts,ChatGPT-4 exhibited comparable performance to ophthalmologists,albeit falling short of the expertise demonstrated by funduscopic disease specialists.CONCLUSION:The study provides evidence of the exceptional performance of ChatGPT-4 in the domain of funduscopic disease.With continued enhancements,validated LLMs have the potential to yield unforeseen advantages in enhancing healthcare for both patients and physicians.展开更多
P2X4 and P2X7 receptors play an important role in neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury. Regulation of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors can obviously reduce pain hypersensitivity after injury. To investigate the role of ne...P2X4 and P2X7 receptors play an important role in neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury. Regulation of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors can obviously reduce pain hypersensitivity after injury. To investigate the role of neural stem cell transplantation on P2X receptor-mediated neuropathic pain and explore related mechanisms, a rat model of spinal cord injury was prepared using the free-falling heavy body method with spinal cord segment 10 as the center. Neural stem cells were injected into the injured spinal cord segment using a micro-syringe. Expression levels of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors, neurofilament protein, and glial fibrillary acidic protein were determined by immunohistochemistry and western blot assay. In addition, sensory function was quantitatively assessed by current perception threshold. The Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale was used to assess neuropathological pain. The results showed that 4 weeks after neural stem cell transplantation, expression of neurofilament protein in the injured segment was markedly increased, while expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and P2X4 and P2X7 receptors was decreased. At this time point, motor and sensory functions of rats were obviously improved, and neuropathic pain was alleviated. These findings demonstrated that neural stem cell transplantation reduced overexpression of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors, activated locomotor and sensory function reconstruction, and played an important role in neuropathic pain regulation after spinal cord injury. Therefore, neural stem cell transplantation is one potential option for relieving neuropathic pain mediated by P2X receptors.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)and lung cancer(LC)are common diseases with a high incidence and similar symptoms,which may be misdiagnosed by radiologists,thus delaying the best treatment opportunity for patient...BACKGROUND Pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)and lung cancer(LC)are common diseases with a high incidence and similar symptoms,which may be misdiagnosed by radiologists,thus delaying the best treatment opportunity for patients.AIM To develop and validate radiomics methods for distinguishing pulmonary TB from LC based on computed tomography(CT)images.METHODS We enrolled 478 patients(January 2012 to October 2018),who underwent preoperative CT screening.Radiomics features were extracted and selected from the CT data to establish a logistic regression model.A radiomics nomogram model was constructed,with the receiver operating characteristic,decision and calibration curves plotted to evaluate the discriminative performance.RESULTS Radiomics features extracted from lesions with 4 mm radial dilation distances outside the lesion showed the best discriminative performance.The radiomics nomogram model exhibited good discrimination,with an area under the curve of 0.914(sensitivity=0.890,specificity=0.796)in the training cohort,and 0.900(sensitivity=0.788,specificity=0.907)in the validation cohort.The decision curve analysis revealed that the constructed nomogram had clinical usefulness.CONCLUSION These proposed radiomic methods can be used as a noninvasive tool for differentiation of TB and LC based on preoperative CT data.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82160195,No.82460203)Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Plan Project(No.2025ZR172).
文摘AIM:To compare spontaneous brain regional activities between diabetic vitreous hemorrhage patients(DVHs)and healthy controls(HCs).METHODS:Thirty-two DVHs and 32 HCs were enrolled in this study.Baseline demographic and vision data were compared between groups using an independent sample t-test.Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)was used in all participants.fMRI data was obtained and analyzed using MRIcro and SPM8 software.Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(fALFF)technology was used to measure regional spontaneous brain activity,and sensitivity was tested using receiver operating characteristic curves(ROCs).The fALFF values were analyzed using REST software and two-sample t-tests were used to compare values between groups.Hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS)score was assessed in DVHs and Pearson’s correlation was used to test relationships between mean fALFF value and both HADS score and duration of DVH.RESULTS:Except for the best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)in both eyes,which showed a statistically significant difference(P<0.05),there were no statistically significant differences in the other indicators(P>0.05)between the HCs and DVHs group.Compared with controls,fALFF value was higher in DVH in cerebellum posterior lobe(CPL)and lower in right anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)and right medial orbitofrontal cortex(OFC).In DVH patients,mean fALFF value of CPL was positively correlated with HADS score and duration of diabetes.However,no such correlation was found,for right ACC or right medial OFC.DVH may lead to abnormal activities in certain brain regions related to visual control and mood.CONCLUSION:Visual impairment caused by DVH may lead to adjustment in regional visual brain activities and may be related to depression or reward system processing in some brain regions.
文摘BACKGROUND Anxiety,depression,and other negative emotions are common among patients with chronic renal failure(CRF).Analyzing the factors related to negative emotions is necessary to provide targeted nursing care.AIM To explore the correlations among life satisfaction,pleasure levels,and negative emotions in patients with CRF.METHODS One hundred patients with CRF who received therapy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University between December 2022 and February 2025 were included.The Depression,Anxiety,and Stress Scale(DASS-21),Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS),and Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale(TEPS)were used to evaluate negative emotions,life satisfaction,and pleasure level,respectively.Pearson’s correlation coefficient analyzed the correlation between life satisfaction,pleasure level,and negative emotions.Linear regression analysis identified the factors affecting negative emotions.RESULTS The average DASS-21 score among patients with CRF was 51.90±2.30,with subscale scores of 17.90±1.50 for depression,18.53±1.18 for anxiety,and 15.47±2.36 for stress,all significantly higher than the domestic norm(P<0.05).The average SWLS score was 22.17±4.90.Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between the SWLS and total DASS-21 scores(P<0.05),but not with the individual depression,anxiety,or stress dimensions.The average TEPS score was 67.80±8.34.TEPS scores were negatively correlated with the DASS-21 score and the stress dimension(P<0.05),but not with depression or anxiety.Linear regression analysis showed that TEPS scores significantly influenced DASS-21 scores(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Patients with CRF experience high levels of negative emotions,which are negatively correlated with life satisfaction and pleasure.Furthermore,pleasure level had an impact on negative emotions.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82160195,No.82460203)Degree and Postgraduate Education Teaching Reform Project of Jiangxi Province(No.JXYJG-2020-026).
文摘AIM:To assess the possibility of using different large language models(LLMs)in ocular surface diseases by selecting five different LLMS to test their accuracy in answering specialized questions related to ocular surface diseases:ChatGPT-4,ChatGPT-3.5,Claude 2,PaLM2,and SenseNova.METHODS:A group of experienced ophthalmology professors were asked to develop a 100-question singlechoice question on ocular surface diseases designed to assess the performance of LLMs and human participants in answering ophthalmology specialty exam questions.The exam includes questions on the following topics:keratitis disease(20 questions),keratoconus,keratomalaciac,corneal dystrophy,corneal degeneration,erosive corneal ulcers,and corneal lesions associated with systemic diseases(20 questions),conjunctivitis disease(20 questions),trachoma,pterygoid and conjunctival tumor diseases(20 questions),and dry eye disease(20 questions).Then the total score of each LLMs and compared their mean score,mean correlation,variance,and confidence were calculated.RESULTS:GPT-4 exhibited the highest performance in terms of LLMs.Comparing the average scores of the LLMs group with the four human groups,chief physician,attending physician,regular trainee,and graduate student,it was found that except for ChatGPT-4,the total score of the rest of the LLMs is lower than that of the graduate student group,which had the lowest score in the human group.Both ChatGPT-4 and PaLM2 were more likely to give exact and correct answers,giving very little chance of an incorrect answer.ChatGPT-4 showed higher credibility when answering questions,with a success rate of 59%,but gave the wrong answer to the question 28% of the time.CONCLUSION:GPT-4 model exhibits excellent performance in both answer relevance and confidence.PaLM2 shows a positive correlation(up to 0.8)in terms of answer accuracy during the exam.In terms of answer confidence,PaLM2 is second only to GPT4 and surpasses Claude 2,SenseNova,and GPT-3.5.Despite the fact that ocular surface disease is a highly specialized discipline,GPT-4 still exhibits superior performance,suggesting that its potential and ability to be applied in this field is enormous,perhaps with the potential to be a valuable resource for medical students and clinicians in the future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11775311,U2167203,U2067205 and 12075105)Research and development project of China National Nuclear Corporation(FD010241222552)+2 种基金Continuous-Support Basic Scientific Research Project(BJ010261223282)Major Science and Technology Projects of Gansu Province(22ZD6GB020)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(lzujbky-2024-jdzx10)。
文摘Beryllium(^(9)Be)serves as a crucial neutron multiplier and reflection material,being extensively employed in the nuclear industry.The evaluated nuclear data are utilized in the design of the nuclear devices.Following the interaction between neutrons and^(9)Be,all neutrons generated stem from the^(9)Be(n,2n)^(8)Be reaction channel,except for the elastic scattering reaction channel.Nevertheless,the data of the outgoing neutron double differential cross section of the reaction channel provided by the latest internationally evaluated libraries still exhibit considerable discrepancies.A shielding integral experiment based on slab^(9)Be samples with measurements of neutron spectra leaked from different angles is an effective approach to verify the double differential cross-section data.Hence,in this study,a shielding integral experiment of^(9)Be samples of different thicknesses was conducted using a nanosecond pulsed deuterium-tritium neutron source established by the China Institute of Atomic Energy.The neutron time-of-flight spectra of three thicknesses(4.4 cm,8.8 cm,and 13.2 cm)and six angles(47°,58°,73°,107°,122°,and 133°)were measured by the neutron time-of-flight method,and 18 sets of experimental data were obtained.Additionally,the MCNP-4C program was used to obtain the simulated results of the leakage neutron spectra using the evaluated nuclear data of^(9)Be from the CENDL-3.2,ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0,JENDL-5,and JEFF-3.3 libraries.The simulated results of the leakage neutron spectra were compared with the experimental results,and the results showed that in the elastic scattering energy region,the simulated results from the CENDL-3.2,ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0,and JENDL-5 libraries were slightly higher at small angles and slightly lower at large angles.In the(n,2n)energy region,the simulated results from the CENDL-3.2 library were significantly different from the experimental results in terms of spectral shape,and the simulated results from the ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0 and the JENDL-5 libraries were in good agreement with the experimental results at small angles but low at large angles.The simulated results from the JEFF-3.3 library showed serious underestimation at all angles.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82160195,No.82460203).
文摘AIM:To analyze whether alterations of voxel mirror homology connectivity(VMHC)values,as determined by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rsfMRI),occur in cerebral regions of patients with hypertensive retinopathy(HR)and to determine the relationship between VMHC values and clinical characteristics in patients with HR.METHODS:Twenty-one patients with HR and 21 agematched healthy controls(HCs)were assessed by rsfMRI scanning.The functional connectivity between the hemispheres of the cerebrum was assessed by measuring VMHC,with the ability of VMHC to distinguish between the HR and HC groups assessed using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.Differences in the demographic and clinical characteristics of the HR and HC groups were analyzed by independent sample t-tests.The relationship between average VMHC in several brain areas of HR patients and clinical features was determined using Pearson correlation analysis.RESULTS:Mean VMHC values of the bilateral cuneus gyrus(BA19),bilateral middle orbitofrontal gyrus(BA47),bilateral middle temporal gyrus(BA39)and bilateral superior medial frontal gyrus(BA9)were lower in the HR than in the HC group.CONCLUSION:VMHC values can predict the development of early HR,prevent the transformation of hypertensive microangiopathy,and provide useful information explaining the changes in neural mechanism associated with HR.
文摘This letter addresses Pravda's innovative review,which proposes hydrogen pe-roxide as the primary pathogenic factor in ulcerative colitis(UC).Although the author presents intriguing mechanistic insights and reports encouraging clinical outcomes with reducing agents,several methodological and clinical considera-tions require discussion.We examine three key aspects:The selective evidence synthesis approach;the need for rigorous clinical validation of proposed thera-pies;and the integration of this novel hypothesis with established inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis.Given the complexity of UC,future therapeutic ad-vances may require collaborative approaches that integrate redox-based mecha-nisms into existing evidence-based frameworks rather than replacing current paradigms.
文摘BACKGROUND Patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)require long-term antiviral therapy.The effects of different antiviral drugs on kidney function are unclear.There is a lack of effective markers for monitoring early renal impairment.AIM To investigate the rate of abnormal renal function index and related potential hazards in patients with CHB.METHODS Clinical data of patients with CHB with urinaryβ2-microglobulin(β2-M)detec-tion,including demographic characteristics,hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA,serum liver function(alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,total bilirubin,direct bilirubin),serum renal function(urea nitrogen,creatinine),blood lipid index(high density lipoprotein,low density lipoprotein,cholesterol,trigly-ceride),liver imaging,and other routine tests were retrospectively collected.The normal level of urinaryβ2-M and estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)is defined as<0.173 mg/L and≥90 mL/min/1.73 m^(2),retrospectively.The pro-portion of patients with abnormal renal function index and related risk factors were analyzed.RESULTS A total of 500 patients with CHB were enrolled;these patients were aged 44.7±10.8 years,67.2%(336/500)were male,57.2%(286/500)were treated with anti-viral drugs,and 52.2%(261/500)had an HBV-related family history.In total,28.8%(144/500)of patients had fatty liver,35.0%(175/500)had liver fibrosis,and 13.2%(66/500)had cirrhosis.The proportion of patients with eGFR<90 mL/min/1.73 m^(2) was 43.2%(216/500),and the abnormal rate of urinaryβ2-M was 56.2%(281/500).There was no significant difference in the abnormal rate of urinaryβ2-M between the untreated group and the antiviral treated group(54.2%vs 57.7%;P=0.25).The abnormal rate ofβ2-M after long-term entecavir treatment(more than 1 year)was 54.6%(89/163).In the treatment group,56.4%(92/163)of patients with eGFR≥90 mL/min/1.73 m^(2) had abnormal urinaryβ2-M.CONCLUSION In patients with CHB,a higher proportion had greater urinaryβ2-M levels than eGFR for renal injury.Male patients should pay more attention to renal function and use antiviral regimens with a renal safety profile.
基金funded by Beijing National Science Foundation(No.7222289)the CACMS Innovation Fund(No.CI2021A03404)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(No.ZZ2023002).
文摘The significance of glial cells in the nervous system,particularly in the modulation of pain,has increasingly gained prominence,thereby shifting the traditional neurobiological research paradigm that predominantly focused on neurons.Acupuncture treatment have been shown to influence the functionality of glial cells,enabling them to serve as modulators that significantly contribute to the inhibition of neurogenic inflammation,the restoration of synaptic homeostasis,and the enhancement of the pain modulation system.Furthermore,various molecules and their associated signaling pathways facilitate the biological effects of glial cells in the context of acupuncture-induced analgesia.Notably,P2X receptors(P2X3,P2X4,and P2X7),the MAPK pathway(including p38MAPK and ERK),and the JAK/STAT pathway within glial cells are implicated in the modulation of neuroinflammation and pain regulation through acupuncture.These elucidated mechanisms underscore the potential of acupuncture to modulate neuroimmune signaling for pain alleviation and suggest the prospect of developing more targeted and effective treatments for chronic pain in the future.
文摘BACKGROUND Most patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)exhibit mild symptoms;however,without timely intervention,the condition may progress to cirrhosis or even liver cancer.The development of internet-based proactive follow-up management models has provided new avenues for medical services,allowing patients to access online consultations and enabling doctors to efficiently manage patient information.These models have particular significance for NAFLD patients,as they can enhance compliance and facilitate timely intervention.AIM To explore the effect of an internet-based proactive follow-up management model on the prognosis management of patients with NAFLD.METHODS This study collected data from 145 patients diagnosed with NAFLD.The patients were randomly divided into the internet-based proactive follow-up group(71 patients)and the traditional follow-up group(74 patients).The traditional followup group underwent routine outpatient and telephone follow-up,while the internet-based proactive follow-up group used the WeChat applet for active reminding,health education and follow-up.During the follow-up period,patients’compliance,disease control status,and quality of life score were recorded.RESULTS The follow-up compliance of patients in the internet-based proactive follow-up group was significantly higher than that in the traditional follow-up group(85.6%vs 68.4%,P<0.01),and the quality of life score was significantly improved(78.9±7.6 vs 72.5±8.4,P<0.01).CONCLUSION The internet-based proactive follow-up management model can provide personalized health management plans and reduce the risk of disease deterioration,making it worthy of promotion in a broader healthcare context.
基金Supported by Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,No.202201010121Medical Joint Fund of Jinan University,No.YXZY2024014 and No.YXJC2022001+2 种基金Hospital Achievement Transformation and Cultivation Project,No.ZH201911the Key Discipline Project of Guangdong Province,No.2019-GDXK-0016and the Medical Science and Technology Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.B2021145.
文摘BACKGROUND Cervical cancer(CC)stem cell-like cells(CCSLCs),defined by the capacity of differentiation and self-renewal and proliferation,play a significant role in the progression of CC.However,the molecular mechanisms regulating their self-renewal are poorly understood.Therefore,elucidation of the epigenetic mechanisms that drive cancer stem cell self-renewal will enhance our ability to improve the effectiveness of targeted therapies for cancer stem cells.AIM To explore how DNA methyltransferase 1(DNMT1)/miR-342-3p/Forkhead box M1(FoxM1),which have been shown to have abnormal expression in CCSLCs,and their signaling pathways could stimulate self-renewal-related stemness in CCSLCs.METHODS Sphere-forming cells derived from CC cell lines HeLa,SiHa and CaSki served as CCSLCs.Self-renewal-related stemness was identified by determining sphere and colony formation efficiency,CD133 and CD49f protein level,and SRY-box transcription factor 2 and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 mRNA level.The microRNA expression profiles between HeLa cells and HeLa-derived CCSLCs or mRNA expression profiles that HeLaderived CCSLCs were transfected with or without miR-342-3p mimic were compared using quantitative PCR analysis.The expression levels of DNMT1 mRNA,miR-342-3p,and FoxM1 protein were examined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting.In vivo carcinogenicity was assessed using a mouse xenograft model.The functional effects of the DNMT1/miR-342-3p/FoxM1 axis were examined by in vivo and in vitro gain-of-activity and loss-of-activity assessments.Interplay among DNMT1,miR-342-3p,and FoxM1 was tested by methylationspecific PCR and a respective luciferase reporter assay.RESULTS CCSLCs derived from the established HeLa cell lines displayed higher self-renewal-related stemness,including enhanced sphere and colony formation efficiency,increased CD133 and CD49f protein level,and heightened transcriptional quantity of stemness-related factors SRY-box transcription factor 2 and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 in vitro as well as a stronger tumorigenic potential in vivo compared to their parental cells.Moreover,quantitative PCR showed that the miR-342-3p level was downregulated in HeLa-derived CCSLCs compared to HeLa cells.Its mimic significantly decreased DNMT1 and FoxM1 mRNA expression levels in CCSLCs.Knockdown of DNMT1 or miR-342-3p mimic transfection suppressed DNMT1 expression,increased miR-342-3p quantity by promoter demethylation,and inhibited CCSLC self-renewal.Inhibition of FoxM1 by shRNA transfection also resulted in the attenuation of CCSLC self-renewal but had little effect on the DNMT1 activity and miR-342-3p expression.Furthermore,the loss of CCSLC self-renewal exerted by miR-342-3p mimic was inverted by the overexpression of DNMT1 or FoxM1.Furthermore,DNMT1 and FoxM1 were recognized as straight targets by miR-342-3p in HeLa-derived CCSLCs.CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that a novel DNMT1/miR-342-3p/FoxM1 signal axis promotes CCSLC self-renewal and presented a potential target for the treatment of CC through suppression of CCSLC self-renewal.However,this pathway has been previously implicated in CC,as evidenced by prior studies showing miR-342-3p-mediated downregulation of FoxM1 in cervical cancer cells.Additionally,research on liver cancer further supports the involvement of miR-342-3p in suppressing FoxM1 expression.While our study contributed to this body of knowledge,we did not present a completely novel axis but reinforced the therapeutic potential of targeting the DNMT1/miR-342-3p/FoxM1 axis to suppress CCSLC self-renewal in CC treatment.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82160195No.82460203)Key R&D Program of Jiangxi Province(No.20223BBH80014).
文摘AIM:To investigate changes in local brain activity after laser assisted in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)in myopia patients,and further explore whether post-LASIK(POL)patients and healthy controls(HCs)can be distinguished by differences in dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations(dALFF)in specific brain regions.METHODS:The resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)data were collected from 15 myopic patients who underwent LASIK and 15 matched healthy controls.This method was selected to calculate the corresponding dALFF values of each participant,to compare dALFF between the groups and to determine whether dALFF distinguishes reliably between myopic patients after LASIK and HCs using the linear support vector machine(SVM)permutation test(5000 repetitions).RESULTS:dALFF was lower in POL than in HCs at the right precentral gyrus and right insula.Classification accuracy of the SVM was 89.1%(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:The activity of spontaneous neurons in the right precentral gyrus and right insula of myopic patients change significantly after LASIK.SVM can correctly classify POL patients and HCs based on dALFF differences.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82070872 and No.82370854 to JXL)Innovative and Entrepreneurial Team of Jiangsu Province(No.JSSCTD2021 to JXL)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M741790 to JP)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(2023ZB558 to JP).
文摘Researchers commonly use cyclization recombination enzyme/locus of X-over P1(Cre/loxP)technology-based conditional gene knockouts of model mice to investigate the functional roles of genes of interest in Sertoli and Leydig cells within the testis.However,the shortcomings of these genetic tools include high costs,lengthy experimental periods,and limited accessibility for researchers.Therefore,exploring alternative gene silencing techniques is of great practical value.In this study,we employed adeno-associated virus(AAV)as a vector for gene silencing in Sertoli and Leydig cells.Our findings demonstrated that AAV serotypes 1,8,and 9 exhibited high infection efficiency in both types of testis cells.Importantly,we discovered that all three AAV serotypes exhibited exquisite specificity in targeting Sertoli cells via tubular injection while demonstrating remarkable selectivity in targeting Leydig cells via interstitial injection.We achieved cell-specific knockouts of the steroidogenic acute regulatory(Star)and luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin receptor(Lhcgr)genes in Leydig cells,but not in Sertoli cells,using AAV9-single guide RNA(sgRNA)-mediated gene editing in Rosa26-LSL-Cas9mice.Knockdown of androgen receptor(Ar)gene expression in Sertoli cells of wild-type mice was achieved via tubular injection of AAV9-short hairpinRNA(shRNA)-mediated targeting.Our findings offer technical approaches for investigating gene function in Sertoli and Leydig cells through AAV9-mediated gene silencing.
基金sponsored by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFC3504200)High Level Key Discipline Construction of Traditional Chinese Medicine Program(Grant No.zyyzdxk-2023272).
文摘Background:Polygonati cyrtonema Hua(PC)has many pharmacological effects such as immune regulation,hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering,anti-oxidation and anti-tumor.Oligosaccharide is one of the main active components of PC.At present,the research on Polygonatum cyrtonema oligosaccharides(PCOS)is not deep,and there is a lack of systematic research on the optimization of extraction process of pcos and the change of pcos and Polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharide content before and after wine steaming.Methods:The optimum extraction process of oligosaccharides from PC was optimized,and the content of oligosaccharides before and after wine steaming of PC was investigated.The single factor experiment was carried out with the ratio of liquid to material,extraction temperature and extraction time as the investigation factors.The extraction process of PCOS was optimized by Box Behnken design-response surface methodology,and the changes of total oligosaccharides and total polysaccharides before and after wine steaming were studied.Results:The optimal extraction process for the PCOS was 32:1 mL/g,85℃,and 1.5 h.The total PCOS decreased slightly after steaming,but the percentage of the total sugar increased.Conclusion:The extraction process of PCOS optimized by response surface method is reasonable and feasible.The changes of total oligosaccharides and total polysaccharides during the steaming process of PC can reveal the processing mechanism of PC to a certain extent,and provide scientific basis and technical support for better in-depth excavation and development and utilization of PCOS.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82160195,No.82460203)Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education(No.GJJ200169)+1 种基金Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Province Health Commission of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2020A0087)Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Health Commission(No.202130210).
文摘AIM:To elucidate the neuropathological mechanisms underlying diabetic vitreous hemorrhage(DVH)and its correlation with clinical characteristics.METHODS:Twenty-one individuals with DVH(male/female 12/9;mean age 52.29±11.66y)were selected,alongside 21 appropriately matched controls with diabetes mellitus(DM).Voxel-based morphometry(VBM)techniques were employed to identify aberrant functional regions in the brain.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were utilized for classification based on the average VBM values of the two groups,and Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between average VBM values in distinct brain regions and clinical manifestations.RESULTS:Relative to the DM controls,DVH patients exhibited reduced VBM values in the right superior temporal pole,the right superior temporal gyrus,the right medial orbital frontal gyrus,and the left superior frontal gyrus.Furthermore,ROC curve analysis of these four brain regions in DVH patients demonstrated a high degree of accuracy,as indicated by the area under the curve.The average VBM value in each of these regions exhibited a negative correlation with both the duration of DVH and the score on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS).CONCLUSION:Pathological alterations in four distinct brain regions are observed in patients with DVH,potentially reflecting neuropathological changes associated with this condition.
基金sponsored by the Fundamental Research Funds forthe Central Universities(No.2024-JYB-JBZD-047)High Level Key Discipline Construction of Traditional Chinese Medicine(zyyzdxk-2023272).
文摘Background:Building upon our previous work that developed a folate receptor-mediated,euphaorbia factor L1-loaded PLGA microsphere system integrating active and magnetic targeting for theranostics,further investigation into its in vivo pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution is warranted despite its demonstrated biocompatibility and safety.Methods:A UPLC-MS/MS method was established to determine the concentration of euphorbia sterol in rat plasma and mouse tissue homogenates,healthy male SD rats and KM mice were administered in groups,drug concentrations at different time points were determined,pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by DAS software,and data were processed by SAS software.Results:The proposed method met the requirements of biological sample detection.The plasma pharmacokinetics of rats showed that the drug concentration in the microsphere group was lower than that in the injection group,and the parameters such as mean residence time(MRT(0–t)),half-life(T1/2z)and apparent volume of distribution(Vz)were significantly different from those in the solution group.The distribution of mouse tissues showed that the drug concentrations in the liver and lung tissues of the microsphere preparation group were higher than those in the injection group,and the drug concentrations in the lung and liver tissues were more distributed.Conclusion:The targeted drug delivery system changed the pharmacokinetic behavior and tissue distribution of euphorbia sterol,slowed down plasma elimination,prolonged the half-life,and improved the targeting of drugs in lung and liver tissues and the magnetic targeting effect of lungs.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82160195No.82460203)Key R&D Program of Jiangxi Province(No.20223BBH80014).
文摘AIM:To assess the alterations in the resting-state function connections between the two cerebral hemispheres in patients with optic neuritis(ON)and healthy controls(HCs).METHODS:A total of 12 ON patients(six males and six females)and 12 HCs(six males and six females)who were highly matched for sex,age,and educational level were recruited.They underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI),testing and brain activities were assessed using the degree centrality(DC)method.Correlation analysis between the mean DC values in specific brain areas and behavior performances was analyzed as well.Linear correlations between A anxiety scale(AS)and depression scale(DS)values and DC values in brain regions of patients with ON were also analyzed.RESULTS:The areas that showed a higher DC value in ON patients were the right angular gyrus and bilateral precuneus,while the left insula and left superior temporal gyrus(LSTG)were regions that presented a lower DC value in ON patients.A receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis confirmed the accuracy of the area under the curve(AUC)assessment.Linear analysis showed anxiety scale(AS)and depression scale(DS)values in the left insula were both negatively correlated with DC values,while best corrected visual acuity logMAR-R(BCVA logMAR-R)showed a negative correlation with DC in the LSTG.CONCLUSION:The study explores altered brain activities of specific regions in patients with ON.The results provide clues for revealing the underlying mechanism of ON development.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82160195)Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education(No.GJJ200169)+1 种基金Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Province Health Commission of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2020A0087)Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Health Commission(No.202130210).
文摘AIM:To assess the performance of five distinct large language models(LLMs;ChatGPT-3.5,ChatGPT-4,PaLM2,Claude 2,and SenseNova)in comparison to two human cohorts(a group of funduscopic disease experts and a group of ophthalmologists)on the specialized subject of funduscopic disease.METHODS:Five distinct LLMs and two distinct human groups independently completed a 100-item funduscopic disease test.The performance of these entities was assessed by comparing their average scores,response stability,and answer confidence,thereby establishing a basis for evaluation.RESULTS:Among all the LLMs,ChatGPT-4 and PaLM2 exhibited the most substantial average correlation.Additionally,ChatGPT-4 achieved the highest average score and demonstrated the utmost confidence during the exam.In comparison to human cohorts,ChatGPT-4 exhibited comparable performance to ophthalmologists,albeit falling short of the expertise demonstrated by funduscopic disease specialists.CONCLUSION:The study provides evidence of the exceptional performance of ChatGPT-4 in the domain of funduscopic disease.With continued enhancements,validated LLMs have the potential to yield unforeseen advantages in enhancing healthcare for both patients and physicians.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China,No.ZR2014HM046(to ZCZ),ZR2015HL113(to XJD),and ZR2014HL101(to XYW)the Science and Technology Development Project of Taian City of China,No.2015NS2183(to XJD)
文摘P2X4 and P2X7 receptors play an important role in neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury. Regulation of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors can obviously reduce pain hypersensitivity after injury. To investigate the role of neural stem cell transplantation on P2X receptor-mediated neuropathic pain and explore related mechanisms, a rat model of spinal cord injury was prepared using the free-falling heavy body method with spinal cord segment 10 as the center. Neural stem cells were injected into the injured spinal cord segment using a micro-syringe. Expression levels of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors, neurofilament protein, and glial fibrillary acidic protein were determined by immunohistochemistry and western blot assay. In addition, sensory function was quantitatively assessed by current perception threshold. The Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale was used to assess neuropathological pain. The results showed that 4 weeks after neural stem cell transplantation, expression of neurofilament protein in the injured segment was markedly increased, while expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and P2X4 and P2X7 receptors was decreased. At this time point, motor and sensory functions of rats were obviously improved, and neuropathic pain was alleviated. These findings demonstrated that neural stem cell transplantation reduced overexpression of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors, activated locomotor and sensory function reconstruction, and played an important role in neuropathic pain regulation after spinal cord injury. Therefore, neural stem cell transplantation is one potential option for relieving neuropathic pain mediated by P2X receptors.
基金Supported by Youth Science and Technology Innovation Leader Support Project,No.RC170497Shenyang Municipal Science and Technology Project,No.F16-206-9-23+5 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China,No.201602450National Key R&D Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China,No.2016YFC1303002National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81872363Major Technology Plan Project of Shenyang,No.17-230-9-07Supporting Fund for Big data in Health Care,No.HMB2019031012018 Key Research and Guidance Project of Liaoning Province,No.2018225038.
文摘BACKGROUND Pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)and lung cancer(LC)are common diseases with a high incidence and similar symptoms,which may be misdiagnosed by radiologists,thus delaying the best treatment opportunity for patients.AIM To develop and validate radiomics methods for distinguishing pulmonary TB from LC based on computed tomography(CT)images.METHODS We enrolled 478 patients(January 2012 to October 2018),who underwent preoperative CT screening.Radiomics features were extracted and selected from the CT data to establish a logistic regression model.A radiomics nomogram model was constructed,with the receiver operating characteristic,decision and calibration curves plotted to evaluate the discriminative performance.RESULTS Radiomics features extracted from lesions with 4 mm radial dilation distances outside the lesion showed the best discriminative performance.The radiomics nomogram model exhibited good discrimination,with an area under the curve of 0.914(sensitivity=0.890,specificity=0.796)in the training cohort,and 0.900(sensitivity=0.788,specificity=0.907)in the validation cohort.The decision curve analysis revealed that the constructed nomogram had clinical usefulness.CONCLUSION These proposed radiomic methods can be used as a noninvasive tool for differentiation of TB and LC based on preoperative CT data.
