During the final proofing stage of the paper,the wrong version of Fig.2 was accidently used when replacing it with a high-resolution version.The star and circle marks were missing in the published version.
Dear Editor,Influenza viruses cause significant mortality and morbidity in humans.Vaccination is currently the most effective way to combat the virus(Perofsky and Nelson,2020).Unfortunately,the influenza virus frequen...Dear Editor,Influenza viruses cause significant mortality and morbidity in humans.Vaccination is currently the most effective way to combat the virus(Perofsky and Nelson,2020).Unfortunately,the influenza virus frequently changes its antigenicity through rapid mutations,leading to decreased vaccine efficacy or even failure.To improve vaccine effectiveness,it is necessary to monitor antigenic variation and update vaccine strains when significant antigenic variation occurs(Perofsky and Nelson,2020;Malik et al.,2024).展开更多
Travel restrictions and physical distancing have been implemented across the world to mitigate the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,but studies are needed to understand their effectiveness across regions and...Travel restrictions and physical distancing have been implemented across the world to mitigate the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,but studies are needed to understand their effectiveness across regions and time.Based on the population mobility metrics derived from mobile phone geolocation data across 135 countries or territories during the first wave of the pandemic in 2020,we built a metapopulation epidemiological model to measure the effect of travel and contact restrictions on containing COVID-19 outbreaks across regions.We found that if these interventions had not been deployed,the cumulative number of cases could have shown a 97-fold(interquartile range 79–116)increase,as of May 31,2020.However,their effectiveness depended upon the timing,duration,and intensity of the interventions,with variations in case severity seen across populations,regions,and seasons.Additionally,before effective vaccines are widely available and herd immunity is achieved,our results emphasize that a certain degree of physical distancing at the relaxation of the intervention stage will likely be needed to avoid rapid resurgences and subsequent lockdowns.展开更多
Introduction:Human influenza A/H3N2 imposes a substantial global disease burden.Beyond hemagglutinin(HA),neuraminidase(NA)also plays a critical role in the antigenic evolution of influenza viruses.However,a comprehens...Introduction:Human influenza A/H3N2 imposes a substantial global disease burden.Beyond hemagglutinin(HA),neuraminidase(NA)also plays a critical role in the antigenic evolution of influenza viruses.However,a comprehensive understanding of NA antigenic evolution remains lacking.Methods:NA inhibition(NAI)data were collected and structural epitopes for A/H3N2 NA were identified.A machine learning model was developed to accurately predict antigenic relationships by integrating four feature groups:epitopes,physicochemical properties,N-glycosylation,and catalytic sites.An antigenic correlation network(ACNet)was constructed and antigenic clusters were identified using the Markov clustering algorithm.Results:The best random forest model(PREDEC-N2)achieved an accuracy of 0.904 in crossvalidation and 0.867 in independent testing.Eight main antigenic clusters were identified on the ACNet.Spatiotemporal analysis revealed the continuous replacement and rapid global spread of new antigenic clusters for human influenza A/H3N2 NA.Conclusions:This study developed a timely and accurate computational model to map the antigenic landscape of A/H3N2 NA,revealing both its relative antigenic conservation and continuous evolution.These insights provide valuable guidance for improved antigenic surveillance,vaccine recommendations,and prevention and control strategies for human influenza viruses.展开更多
B cell response plays a critical role against SARS-CoV-2 infection.However,little is known about the diversity and frequency of the paired SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific BCR repertoire after SARS-CoV-2 infection.Here,we ...B cell response plays a critical role against SARS-CoV-2 infection.However,little is known about the diversity and frequency of the paired SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific BCR repertoire after SARS-CoV-2 infection.Here,we performed single-cell RNA sequencing and VDJ sequencing using the memory and plasma B cells isolated from five convalescent COVID-19 patients,and analyzed the spectrum and transcriptional heterogeneity of antibody immune responses.Via linking BCR to antigen specificity through sequencing(LIBRA-seq),we identified a distinct activated memory B cell subgroup(CD11c^(high) CD95^(high))had a higher proportion of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-labeled cells compared with memory B cells.Our results revealed the diversity of paired BCR repertoire and the non-stochastic pairing of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific immunoglobulin heavy and light chains after SARS-CoV-2 infection.The public antibody clonotypes were shared by distinct convalescent individuals.Moreover,several antibodies isolated by LIBRA-seq showed high binding affinity against SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain(RBD)or nucleoprotein(NP)via ELISA assay.Two RBD-reactive antibodies C14646P3S and C2767P3S isolated by LIBRA-seq exhibited high neutralizing activities against both pseudotyped and authentic SARS-CoV-2 viruses in vitro.Our study provides fundamental insights into B cell response following SARS-CoV-2 infection at the single-cell level.展开更多
文摘During the final proofing stage of the paper,the wrong version of Fig.2 was accidently used when replacing it with a high-resolution version.The star and circle marks were missing in the published version.
基金upported by the Major Project of Guangzhou National Laboratory(GZNL2024A01002)National Key Plan for Scientific Research and Development of China(2022YFC2303802)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170651&32370700)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2024JJ2015).
文摘Dear Editor,Influenza viruses cause significant mortality and morbidity in humans.Vaccination is currently the most effective way to combat the virus(Perofsky and Nelson,2020).Unfortunately,the influenza virus frequently changes its antigenicity through rapid mutations,leading to decreased vaccine efficacy or even failure.To improve vaccine effectiveness,it is necessary to monitor antigenic variation and update vaccine strains when significant antigenic variation occurs(Perofsky and Nelson,2020;Malik et al.,2024).
文摘Travel restrictions and physical distancing have been implemented across the world to mitigate the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,but studies are needed to understand their effectiveness across regions and time.Based on the population mobility metrics derived from mobile phone geolocation data across 135 countries or territories during the first wave of the pandemic in 2020,we built a metapopulation epidemiological model to measure the effect of travel and contact restrictions on containing COVID-19 outbreaks across regions.We found that if these interventions had not been deployed,the cumulative number of cases could have shown a 97-fold(interquartile range 79–116)increase,as of May 31,2020.However,their effectiveness depended upon the timing,duration,and intensity of the interventions,with variations in case severity seen across populations,regions,and seasons.Additionally,before effective vaccines are widely available and herd immunity is achieved,our results emphasize that a certain degree of physical distancing at the relaxation of the intervention stage will likely be needed to avoid rapid resurgences and subsequent lockdowns.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program under grant 2022YFC2303800the Major Program of Guangzhou National Laboratory under grant GZNL2024A01002+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant 81961128002the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China under grant 2021B1212040017the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program under grant ZDSYS20230626091203007.
文摘Introduction:Human influenza A/H3N2 imposes a substantial global disease burden.Beyond hemagglutinin(HA),neuraminidase(NA)also plays a critical role in the antigenic evolution of influenza viruses.However,a comprehensive understanding of NA antigenic evolution remains lacking.Methods:NA inhibition(NAI)data were collected and structural epitopes for A/H3N2 NA were identified.A machine learning model was developed to accurately predict antigenic relationships by integrating four feature groups:epitopes,physicochemical properties,N-glycosylation,and catalytic sites.An antigenic correlation network(ACNet)was constructed and antigenic clusters were identified using the Markov clustering algorithm.Results:The best random forest model(PREDEC-N2)achieved an accuracy of 0.904 in crossvalidation and 0.867 in independent testing.Eight main antigenic clusters were identified on the ACNet.Spatiotemporal analysis revealed the continuous replacement and rapid global spread of new antigenic clusters for human influenza A/H3N2 NA.Conclusions:This study developed a timely and accurate computational model to map the antigenic landscape of A/H3N2 NA,revealing both its relative antigenic conservation and continuous evolution.These insights provide valuable guidance for improved antigenic surveillance,vaccine recommendations,and prevention and control strategies for human influenza viruses.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970881)and(82041046)to Y.Q.C.Shenzhen Science and Technology Program under Grant(JCYJ20190807154603596 and JCYJ20200109142438111)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Project(2020YFC0841700)to M.W.the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32041002)to D.Y.G.the Special Fund for COVID-19 Epidemic Prevention&Control of Zhuhai City of China granted to S.D.C.
文摘B cell response plays a critical role against SARS-CoV-2 infection.However,little is known about the diversity and frequency of the paired SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific BCR repertoire after SARS-CoV-2 infection.Here,we performed single-cell RNA sequencing and VDJ sequencing using the memory and plasma B cells isolated from five convalescent COVID-19 patients,and analyzed the spectrum and transcriptional heterogeneity of antibody immune responses.Via linking BCR to antigen specificity through sequencing(LIBRA-seq),we identified a distinct activated memory B cell subgroup(CD11c^(high) CD95^(high))had a higher proportion of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-labeled cells compared with memory B cells.Our results revealed the diversity of paired BCR repertoire and the non-stochastic pairing of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific immunoglobulin heavy and light chains after SARS-CoV-2 infection.The public antibody clonotypes were shared by distinct convalescent individuals.Moreover,several antibodies isolated by LIBRA-seq showed high binding affinity against SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain(RBD)or nucleoprotein(NP)via ELISA assay.Two RBD-reactive antibodies C14646P3S and C2767P3S isolated by LIBRA-seq exhibited high neutralizing activities against both pseudotyped and authentic SARS-CoV-2 viruses in vitro.Our study provides fundamental insights into B cell response following SARS-CoV-2 infection at the single-cell level.
