Thermosyphon loops are widely used in cooling systems.However,such distributed thermal management systems lack the ability to actively control the coolant flow in each parallel branch.An effective method for addressin...Thermosyphon loops are widely used in cooling systems.However,such distributed thermal management systems lack the ability to actively control the coolant flow in each parallel branch.An effective method for addressing this is to control the coolant flow in each branch using a solenoid valve.However,the existing valves do not satisfy the requirements for fast switching,low power,low pressure loss,and miniaturization.Therefore,in this study,a low-power-consumption miniature solenoid valve(LMSV)is proposed for use in thermal management systems.The key novelty is that the valve is designed with a suitably sized permanent magnet(PM)to allow the spool to continue working without consuming electrical energy.To achieve low flow resistance,a straight-through design is employed in the valve with the electromagnetic actuator located inside the valve shell.Multiphysical coupling analysis is performed to investigate its performance.The influence of the PM dimensions and current on the magnetic field distribution and electromagnetic force is studied.The effects of these key parameters on the flow field and pressure loss are also analyzed.Because the LMSV is sensitive to temperature,the switching time and energy consumption at different working temperatures are investigated.Experimental test platforms are constructed.A valve switching time of as short as 3 ms,pressure loss of 200 Pa at 0.92 L/min,and energy consumption of approximately 1.55 J during the opening and closing processes are achieved.The novel solenoid valve proposed in this study offers fast switching,low power consumption,low pressure loss,and miniaturization to meet the requirements of thermal management systems.展开更多
Additive manufacturing is a very promising manufacturing method widely used in various industries.In this study,for the first time,a new type of combined cable wire(CCW)with multi-element composition has been designed...Additive manufacturing is a very promising manufacturing method widely used in various industries.In this study,for the first time,a new type of combined cable wire(CCW)with multi-element composition has been designed and developed for arc additive manufacturing(AAM)of non-equiatomic Al-Co-Cr-FeNi high-entropy alloy.CCW composed of 7 filaments and 5 elements has the advantages of high deposition efficiency,self-rotation of welding arc and energy saving capability.Thin HEA walls were fabricated under pure argon gas using cold metal transfer technology.Microstructural observations of the developed HEA reveal(i)BCC and FCC phases,(ii)Good bonding between layers and(iii)defect-free microstructure.The developed alloy exhibits high compression strength(~2.8 GPa)coupled with high plastic strain(~42%)values(possess both strength and ductility).It has been identified that by varying the heat input via torch travel speed,the microstructure and mechanical properties of the HEA can be controlled.From this feasibility study,it has been proved that the innovative CCW method can be used to manufacture HEAs with CCW-AAM.Further,the study highlights the advantage of the rapid cooling involved in the CCW-AAM process which gives rise to superior mechanical properties.展开更多
The Qilian mountain area was examined for using the Logistic-CA-Markov coupling model combined with GIS spatial analyst technology to research the transformation of LUCC, driving force system and simulate future tende...The Qilian mountain area was examined for using the Logistic-CA-Markov coupling model combined with GIS spatial analyst technology to research the transformation of LUCC, driving force system and simulate future tendency of variation. Results show that： （1） Woodland area decreased by 12.55%, while grassland, cultivated land, and settlement areas increased by 0.22%, 7.92%, and 0.03%, respectively, from 1986 to 2014. During the period of 1986 to 2000, forest degradation in the middle section of the mountain area decreased by 1,501.69 km2. Vegetation cover area improved, with a net increase of grassland area of 38.12 km2 from 2000 to 2014. （2） For constructing the system driving force, the best simulation scale was 210m×210m. Based on logistic regression analysis, the contribution （weight） of composite driving forces to land use and cover change was obtained, and the weight value was more objectively compared with AHP and MCE method. （3） In the natural scenarios, it is predicted that land use and cover distribution maps of Qilian mountain area in 2028 and 2042, and the Lee-Sallee index test was adopted. Over the next 27 years （2015-2042）, farmland, woodland, grassland, settlement areas show an increasing trend, especially settlements with an obvious change of 0.56%. The area of bare land will decrease by 0.89%. Without environmental degradation, tremendous structural change of LUCC will not occur, and typical characteristic of the vertical zone of the mountain would remain. Farmland and settlement areas will increase, but only in the vicinity of Qilian and Sunan counties.展开更多
As electro-hydrostatic actuator(EHA)technology advances towards lightweight and integration,the demand for enhanced internal flow pathways in hydraulic valve blocks intensifies.However,owing to the constraints imposed...As electro-hydrostatic actuator(EHA)technology advances towards lightweight and integration,the demand for enhanced internal flow pathways in hydraulic valve blocks intensifies.However,owing to the constraints imposed by traditional manufacturing processes,conventional hydraulic integrated valve blocks fail to satisfy the demands of a more compact channel layout and lower energy dissipation.Notably,the subjectivity in the arrangement of internal passages results in a time-consuming and labor-intensive process.This study employed additive manufacturing technology and the ant colony algorithm and B-spline curves for the meticulous design of internal passages within an aviation EHA valve block.The layout environment for the valve block passages was established,and path optimization was achieved using the ant colony algorithm,complemented by smoothing using B-spline curves.Three-dimensional modeling was performed using SolidWorks software,revealing a 10.03%reduction in volume for the optimized passages compared with the original passages.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations were performed using Fluent software,demonstrating that the algorithmically optimized passages effectively prevented the occurrence of vortices at right-angled locations,exhibited superior flow characteristics,and concurrently reduced pressure losses by 34.09%-36.36%.The small discrepancy between the experimental and simulation results validated the efficacy of the ant colony algorithm and B-spline curves in optimizing the passage design,offering a viable solution for channel design in additive manufacturing.展开更多
Apparently balanced chromosomal structural rearrangements are known to cause male infertility and account for approximately 1%of azoospermia or severe oligospermia.However,the underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis and...Apparently balanced chromosomal structural rearrangements are known to cause male infertility and account for approximately 1%of azoospermia or severe oligospermia.However,the underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis and etiologies are still largely unknown.Herein,we investigated apparently balanced interchromosomal structural rearrangements in six cases with azoospermia/severe oligospermia to comprehensively identify and delineate cryptic structural rearrangements and the related copy number variants.In addition,high read-depth genome sequencing(GS)(30-fold)was performed to investigate point mutations causative of male infertility.Mate-pair GS(4-fold)revealed additional structural rearrangements and/or copy number changes in 5 of 6 cases and detected a total of 48 rearrangements.Overall,the breakpoints caused truncations of 30 RefSeq genes,five of which were associated with spermatogenesis.Furthermore,the breakpoints disrupted 43 topological-associated domains.Direct disruptions or potential dysregulations of genes,which play potential roles in male germ cell development,apoptosis,and spermatogenesis,were found in all cases(n=6).In addition,high read-depth GS detected dual molecular findings in case MI6,involving a complex rearrangement and two point mutations in the gene DNAH1.Overall,our study provided the molecular characteristics of apparently balanced interchromosomal structural rearrangements in patients with male infertility.We demonstrated the complexity of chromosomal structural rearrangements,potential gene disruptions/dysregulation and single-gene mutations could be the contributing mechanisms underlie male infertility.展开更多
Background Domestic goose breeds are descended from either the Swan goose(Anser cygnoides)or the Greylag goose(Anser anser),exhibiting variations in body size,reproductive performance,egg production,feather color,and ...Background Domestic goose breeds are descended from either the Swan goose(Anser cygnoides)or the Greylag goose(Anser anser),exhibiting variations in body size,reproductive performance,egg production,feather color,and other phenotypic traits.Constructing a pan-genome facilitates a thorough identification of genetic variations,thereby deepening our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying genetic diversity and phenotypic variability.Results To comprehensively facilitate population genomic and pan-genomic analyses in geese,we embarked on the task of 659 geese whole genome resequencing data and compiling a database of 155 RNA-seq samples.By constructing the pan-genome for geese,we generated non-reference contigs totaling 612 Mb,unveiling a collection of 2,813 novel genes and pinpointing 15,567 core genes,1,324 softcore genes,2,734 shell genes,and 878 cloud genes in goose genomes.Furthermore,we detected an 81.97 Mb genomic region showing signs of genome selection,encompassing the TGFBR2 gene correlated with variations in body weight among geese.Genome-wide association studies utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and presence-absence variation revealed significant genomic associations with various goose meat quality,reproductive,and body composition traits.For instance,a gene encoding the SVEP1 protein was linked to carcass oblique length,and a distinct gene-CDS haplotype of the SVEP1 gene exhibited an association with carcass oblique length.Notably,the pan-genome analysis revealed enrichment of variable genes in the“hair follicle maturation”Gene Ontology term,potentially linked to the selection of feather-related traits in geese.A gene presence-absence variation analysis suggested a reduced frequency of genes associated with“regulation of heart contraction”in domesticated geese compared to their wild counterparts.Our study provided novel insights into gene expression features and functions by integrating gene expression patterns across multiple organs and tissues in geese and analyzing population variation.Conclusion This accomplishment originates from the discernment of a multitude of selection signals and candidate genes associated with a wide array of traits,thereby markedly enhancing our understanding of the processes underlying domestication and breeding in geese.Moreover,assembling the pan-genome for geese has yielded a comprehensive apprehension of the goose genome,establishing it as an indispensable asset poised to offer innovative viewpoints and make substantial contributions to future geese breeding initiatives.展开更多
Background The genetic diversity of yak,a key domestic animal on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP),is a vital resource for domestication and breeding efforts.This study presents the first yak pangenome obtained through...Background The genetic diversity of yak,a key domestic animal on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP),is a vital resource for domestication and breeding efforts.This study presents the first yak pangenome obtained through the de novo assembly of 16 yak genomes.Results We discovered 290 Mb of nonreference sequences and 504 new genes.Our pangenome-wide presence and absence variation(PAV)analysis revealed 5,120 PAV-related genes,highlighting a wide range of variety-specific genes and genes with varying frequencies across yak populations.Principal component analysis(PCA)based on binary gene PAV data classified yaks into three new groups:wild,domestic,and Jinchuan.Moreover,we pro-posed a‘two-haplotype genomic hybridization model'for understanding the hybridization patterns among breeds by integrating gene frequency,heterozygosity,and gene PAV data.A gene PAV-GWAS identified a novel gene(Bos-Gru3G009179)that may be associated with the multirib trait in Jinchuan yaks.Furthermore,an integrated transcrip-tome and pangenome analysis highlighted the significant differences in the expression of core genes and the muta-tional burden of differentially expressed genes between yaks from high and low altitudes.Transcriptome analysis across multiple species revealed that yaks have the most unique differentially expressed m RNAs and lnc RNAs(between high-and low-altitude regions),especially in the heart and lungs,when comparing high-and low-altitude adaptations.Conclusions The yak pangenome offers a comprehensive resource and new insights for functional genomic studies,supporting future biological research and breeding strategies.展开更多
The conversion of CO_(2) into value‐added chemicals and fuels via electrochemical methods paves a promising avenue to mitigate both energy and environmental crisis.Among all the carbonaceous products derived from CO_...The conversion of CO_(2) into value‐added chemicals and fuels via electrochemical methods paves a promising avenue to mitigate both energy and environmental crisis.Among all the carbonaceous products derived from CO_(2) electroreduction,CH_(4) is one of the most important carriers for chemical bond energy storage due to the highest value of mass heat.Herein,starting from the proposed reaction mechanisms reported previously,we summarized the recent progresses on CO_(2) electroreduction into CH_(4) from the perspective of catalyst design strategies including construction of subnanometer catalytic sites,modulation of interfaces,in‐situ structural evolution,and engineering of tandem catalysts.On the basis of both the previously theoretical predictions and experimental results,we aimed to gain insights into the reaction mechanism for the formation of CH_(4),which,in turn,would provide guidelines for the design of highly efficient catalysts.展开更多
Vaccine-based cancer immunotherapy has demonstrated a significant potential for cancer treatment in clinics.Although the efficiencies of vaccines are limited,they can be enhanced by a well-designed antigen delivery sy...Vaccine-based cancer immunotherapy has demonstrated a significant potential for cancer treatment in clinics.Although the efficiencies of vaccines are limited,they can be enhanced by a well-designed antigen delivery system that promotes sufficient antigen presentation of dendritic cells(DCs)for initiating high T cell immunity.Herein,antigen-loaded manganese oxide(Mn_(3)O_(4))triangular-shaped ultrasmall nanoparti-cles were prepared to stimulate DC-based immunotherapy under the guidance of T_(1)magnetic resonance imaging.The FDA-approved triblock copolymer Pluronic^(■)F-68 wasused not onlyto transferthe phase from hydrophobic to hydrophilic but also to enrich antigen loading and improve the biocompatibility of the prepared nanoparticles.Ovalbumin(OVA),a model antigen,was adsorbed on the surface of polymer-coated nanoparticles through electrostatic interaction to form Mn_(3)O_(4)@PF68-OVA nanoparticle-antigen complexes to stimulate DC-based immunization and antigen-specific T cell immunity.The Mn_(3)O_(4)@PF68-OVA nanovaccine(NV)induces negligible toxicity effects against 4T1 and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells(BMDCs)by conventional methods supports the proliferation of intestine organoids,which are an innovative three-dimensional cytotoxicity evaluation system,thereby indicating their potential safety for in vivo cancer therapies.The designed paramagnetic nanovaccine possessed excellent OVA delivery to dendritic-regulated antigen-specific T cells in vitro by stimulating the maturation level of BMDCs.In ad-dition,Mn_(3)O_(4)@PF68-OVA NVs enhance immunity in vivo by increasing the T-cells and M1 macrophages,which suggests improved immunity.Excitingly,vaccination with Mn_(3)O_(4)@PF68-OVA offer complete pro-tection in the prophylactic group and significant tumor inhibition in the therapeutic group against B16-OVA tumor.In addition,the designed nanovaccine demonstrated high T_(1)-MR imaging in the tumor,fur-ther justifying enhanced tumor accumulation and capability to real-time monitor the treatment proce-dure.This study presents a promising nanosystem to design an effective nanovaccine for T_(1)-MR imaging-guided tumor immunotherapy.展开更多
Each joint of a hydraulic-driven legged robot adopts a highly integrated hydraulic drive unit(HDU),which features a high power-weight ratio.However,most HDUs are throttling-valve-controlled cylinder systems,which exhi...Each joint of a hydraulic-driven legged robot adopts a highly integrated hydraulic drive unit(HDU),which features a high power-weight ratio.However,most HDUs are throttling-valve-controlled cylinder systems,which exhibit high energy losses.By contrast,pump control systems offer a high efficiency.Nevertheless,their response ability is unsatisfactory.To fully utilize the advantages of pump and valve control systems,in this study,a new type of pump-valve compound drive system(PCDS)is designed,which can not only effectively reduce the energy loss,but can also ensure the response speed and response accuracy of the HDUs in robot joints to satisfy the performance requirements of robots.Herein,considering the force control requirements of energy conservation,high precision,and fast response of the robot joint HDU,a nonlinear mathematical model of the PCDS force control system is first introduced.In addition,pressure-flow nonlinearity,friction nonlinearity,load complexity and variability,and other factors affecting the system are considered,and a novel force control method based on quantitative feedback theory(QFT)and a disturbance torque observer(DTO)is designed,which is denoted as QFT-DTOC herein.This method improves the control accuracy and robustness of the force control system,reduces the effect of the disturbance torque on the control performance of the servo motor,and improves the overall force control performance of the system.Finally,experimental verification is performed using the PCDS performance test platform.The experimental results and quantitative data show that the QFT-DTOC proposed herein can significantly improve the force control performance of the PCDS.The relevant force control method can be used as a bottom-control method for the hydraulic servo system to provide a foundation for implementing the top-level trajectory planning of the robot.展开更多
The lightweight design of hydraulic quadruped robots,especially the lightweight design of the leg joint Hydraulic Drive Unit(HDU),can improve the robot's response speed,motion speed,endurance,and load capacity.How...The lightweight design of hydraulic quadruped robots,especially the lightweight design of the leg joint Hydraulic Drive Unit(HDU),can improve the robot's response speed,motion speed,endurance,and load capacity.However,the lightweight design of HDU is a huge challenge due to the need for structural strength.This paper is inspired by the geometric shape of fish bones and biomimetic reinforcing ribs on the surface of the HDU shell are designed to increase its strength and reduce its weight.First,a HDU shell with biomimetic fish bone reinforcing ribs structure is proposed.Then,the MATLAB toolbox and ANSYS finite element analysis module are used to optimize the parameters of the biomimetic reinforcing ribs structure and the overall layout of the shell.Finally,the HDU shell is manufactured using additive manufacturing technology,and a performance testing platform is built to conduct dynamic and static performance tests on the designed HDU.The experimental results show that the HDU with biomimetic fish bone reinforcing ribs has excellent dynamic performance and better static performance than the prototype model,and the weight of the shell is reduced by 20%compared to the prototype model.This work has broad application prospects in the lightweight and high-strength design of closed-pressure vessel components.展开更多
Poor tumor penetration is a significant challenge for using nanoliposomebased chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).Recently,a milieu of biological cues downregulating tumor stroma has been associated w...Poor tumor penetration is a significant challenge for using nanoliposomebased chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).Recently,a milieu of biological cues downregulating tumor stroma has been associated with biological metal ions,primarily such as Mn2+.Inspired by this,we hypothesized that Mn2+could serve as a functional component in designing an alternative modulator for the tumor stroma microenvironment by reducing its extracellular matrix,further decreasing its stromal density.Herein,we presented a novel extracellular matrix(ECM)depleter within a tumor involving manganese-based mineralization materials that primed inhibition of the extracellular matrix of cancer cells,demonstrating a facile strategy for improving drug penetration,delivery and therapy efficiency of the doxorubicin-loaded liposome nanoparticles(Dox-LNP).As a result,the manganese mimetic mineralization material,manganese phosphate(MnP),demonstrated controlled biodegradation and biocompatibility within tumor microenvironments.The release of Mn^(2+)from MnP within the cell lysosome or tumor microenvironment inhibited TGF-β expression and its downstream profibrotic signaling pathways,thereby reducing the tumor stroma density by suppressing the expression of α-smooth actin(α-SMA)and collagen I(COL-I),and inducing tumor stromal disruption both in vitro and in vivo.The typical nanomedicines,Dox-LNP,were subsequently used to check their penetration.The MnP pretreated tumor could significantly improve tumor penetration and accumulation of Dox-LNP,which demonstrated a significant improvement in the treatment of TNBC.These achievements proposed a successful tumor stromal regulation material involving manganese mineralization for priming tumor stromal depletion in situ by inhibiting the TGF-β and associated proteins,representing an alternative materials strategy to substitute biotechnology for stromal reduction,which may further represent a great potential of nanomedicine-based cancer therapy.展开更多
Reactive oxygen species(ROS)are highly prevalent in skin-related impairments and accelerate chronic ulcer progression.The routine subcutaneous administration approaches combining drug delivery with microenvironment in...Reactive oxygen species(ROS)are highly prevalent in skin-related impairments and accelerate chronic ulcer progression.The routine subcutaneous administration approaches combining drug delivery with microenvironment intervention are widely developed for skin-related treatment but lack effective outcomes.Herein,we present a cuttlefish ink-derived nanoparticles(CNPs)-integrated microneedles patch,silk fibroin and cuttlefish ink-derived melanin nanoparticles(SC-MNs),that can easily be inserted into the skin and alleviate ROS.The microneedle tips,formed from silk fibroin and treated with methanol vapor annealing,turn to increasedβ-sheet and enhanced mechanical strength.Meanwhile,the tips can rapidly detach from SC-MNs in mildly acidic conditions due to the introduction of NaHCO_(3).SC-MNs also exhibited a unique ROS obliteration capacity.Furthermore,under near-infrared irradiation,SC-MNs triggered photothermal performance,which elicited reliable tumor cell-killing effects.Collectively,these SC-MN patches described here can provide a promising platform for combined ROS-scavenging and photothermal therapy,which makes them a potential candidate in skin-related disease management.展开更多
Bacteria-infected wounds healing has been greatly hindered by antibiotic resistance and persistent inflammation.It is crucial to develop multifunctional nanocomposites that possess effective antibacterial properties a...Bacteria-infected wounds healing has been greatly hindered by antibiotic resistance and persistent inflammation.It is crucial to develop multifunctional nanocomposites that possess effective antibacterial properties and can simultaneously accelerate the wound healing process to overcome the above challenges.Herein,we prepared a yolk–shell structured Ag nanowires(NWs)@amorphous hollow ZIF-67 by etching ZIF-67 onto the Ag NWs for infected wound healing for the first time.The etched hollow structure of amorphous ZIF-67 in the nanocomposite makes it a promising platform for loading healingpromoting drugs.We extensively studied the antibacterial and healing-promoting properties of the curcumin(CCM)-loaded nanocomposite(Ag NWs@C-HZ67).Ag NWs,being noble metal materials with plasmonic effects,can absorb a broad range of natural light and convert it to thermal energy.This photothermal conversion further improves the release of antibacterial components and wound healing drugs when exposed to light.During the healing process of an infected wound,Ag and Co ions were released from Ag NWs@C-HZ67 upon direct contact with the wound exudate and under the influence of light irradiation.Simultaneously,the loaded CCM leaked out to repair the infected wound.The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the Ag NWs@C-HZ67 groups against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria decreased to 3 and 3μg ml−1 when exposed to white light.Furthermore,an in vivo assessment of infected wound healing demonstrated that combining Ag NWs@C-HZ67 with light significantly accelerated the wound healing process,achieving 70%healing by the 6th day and almost complete healing by the 8th day.This advanced nanocomposite,consisting of components that possess antibacterial and growth-promoting properties,offers a safe,effective and clinically-translatable solution for accelerating the healing process of infected wounds.展开更多
Lithium-ion batteries are currently the most widely used energy storage devices due to their superior energy density,long lifespan,and high efficiency.However,the manufacturing defects,caused by production flaws and r...Lithium-ion batteries are currently the most widely used energy storage devices due to their superior energy density,long lifespan,and high efficiency.However,the manufacturing defects,caused by production flaws and raw material impurities can accelerate battery degradation.In extreme cases,these defects may result in severe safety incidents,such as thermal runaway.Metal foreign matter is one of the main types of manufacturing defects,frequently causing internal short circuits in lithium-ion batteries.Among these,copper particles are the most common contaminants.This paper addresses the safety risks posed by manufacturing defects in lithium-ion batteries,analyzes their classification and associated hazards,and reviews the research on metal foreign matter defects,with a focus on copper particle contamination.Furthermore,we summarize the detection methods to identify defective batteries and propose future research directions to address metal foreign matter defects.展开更多
Biomineralization-based cell-material living composites ex vivo showed great potential for living materials construction and cell regulation.However,cells in scaffolds with unconnected pores usually induce confined nu...Biomineralization-based cell-material living composites ex vivo showed great potential for living materials construction and cell regulation.However,cells in scaffolds with unconnected pores usually induce confined nutrient transfer and cell-cell communications,affecting the transformation of osteoblasts into osteocytes and the mineralization process.Herein,the osteoblast-materials living hybrids were constructed with porous PLLA microspheres using a rational design,in which cell-based living materials presented an improved osteoblast differentiation and mineralization model using rationally designed cell-microsphere composites.The results indicated that the microfluidic-based technique provided an efficient and highly controllable approach for producing on-demand PLLA microspheres with tiny pores(<5μm),medium pores(5-15μm)and large pores(>15μm),as well as further drug delivery.Furthermore,the simvastatin(SIM)-loaded porous PLLA microsphere withε-polylysine(ε-PL)modification was used for osteoblast(MC3T3-E1)implantation,achieving the cell-material living microhybrids,and the results demonstrated theε-PL surface modification and SIM could improve osteoblast behavior regulation,including cell adhesion,proliferation,as well as the antibacterial effects.Both in vitro and in vivo results significantly demonstrated further cell proliferation,differentiation and cascade mineralization regulation.Then,the quantitative polymerase chain reaction or histological staining of typical markers,including collagen type I,alkaline phosphatase,runt-related transcription factor 2 and bone morphogenetic protein 2,as well as the calcium mineral deposition staining in situ,reconfirmed the transformation of osteoblasts into osteocytes.These achievements revealed a promising boost in osteogenesis toward mineralization at the microtissue level by cell-microsphere integration,suggesting an alternative strategy for materials-based ex vivo tissue construction and cell regulation,further demonstrating excellent application prospects in the field of biomineralization-based tissue regeneration.展开更多
Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 23(COXPD23,MIM#616198)is a rare autosomal-recessive mitochondrial disorder with variable disease severity ranging from death in early infancy to survival into the second d...Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 23(COXPD23,MIM#616198)is a rare autosomal-recessive mitochondrial disorder with variable disease severity ranging from death in early infancy to survival into the second decade of life,1 with the clinical symptoms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM)and/or neurological symptoms with onset in early childhood,hypotonia,delayed,psychomotor_development,lactic acidosis,i abnormal lesions in the basal ganglia,thalamus,and brainstem.COxPD23 is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the GTP-binding protein 3(GTPBP3,OMIM*608536)gene.Except for COXPD23,mutations in GTPBP3 are also associated with other diseases2-4(Table S1).展开更多
Nerve guidance conduits with hollow lumen fail to regenerate critical-sized peripheral nerve defects(15 mm in rats and 25 mm in humans),which can be improved by a beneficial intraluminal microenvironment.However,indiv...Nerve guidance conduits with hollow lumen fail to regenerate critical-sized peripheral nerve defects(15 mm in rats and 25 mm in humans),which can be improved by a beneficial intraluminal microenvironment.However,individual cues provided by intraluminal filling materials are inadequate to eliminate the functional gap between regenerated nerves and normal nerves.Herein,an aligned fibrin/functionalized self-assembling peptide(AFG/fSAP)interpenetrating nanofiber hydrogel that exerting synergistic topographical and biochemical cues for peripheral nerve regeneration is constructed via electrospinning and molecular self-assembly.The hydrogel possesses an aligned structure,high water content,appropriate mechanical properties and suitable biodegradation capabilities for nerve repair,which enhances the alignment and neurotrophin secretion of primary Schwann cells(SCs)in vitro,and successfully bridges a 15-mm sciatic nerve gap in rats in vivo.The rats transplanted with the AFG/fSAP hydrogel exhibit satisfactory morphological and functional recovery in myelinated nerve fibers and innervated muscles.The motor function recovery facilitated by the AFG/fSAP hydrogel is comparable with that of autografts.Moreover,the AFG/fSAP hydrogel upregulates the regeneration-associated gene expression and activates the PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways in the regenerated nerve.Altogether,the AFG/fSAP hydrogel represents a promising approach for peripheral nerve repair through an integration of structural guidance and biochemical stimulation.展开更多
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC2805703)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52305073,51975507).
文摘Thermosyphon loops are widely used in cooling systems.However,such distributed thermal management systems lack the ability to actively control the coolant flow in each parallel branch.An effective method for addressing this is to control the coolant flow in each branch using a solenoid valve.However,the existing valves do not satisfy the requirements for fast switching,low power,low pressure loss,and miniaturization.Therefore,in this study,a low-power-consumption miniature solenoid valve(LMSV)is proposed for use in thermal management systems.The key novelty is that the valve is designed with a suitably sized permanent magnet(PM)to allow the spool to continue working without consuming electrical energy.To achieve low flow resistance,a straight-through design is employed in the valve with the electromagnetic actuator located inside the valve shell.Multiphysical coupling analysis is performed to investigate its performance.The influence of the PM dimensions and current on the magnetic field distribution and electromagnetic force is studied.The effects of these key parameters on the flow field and pressure loss are also analyzed.Because the LMSV is sensitive to temperature,the switching time and energy consumption at different working temperatures are investigated.Experimental test platforms are constructed.A valve switching time of as short as 3 ms,pressure loss of 200 Pa at 0.92 L/min,and energy consumption of approximately 1.55 J during the opening and closing processes are achieved.The novel solenoid valve proposed in this study offers fast switching,low power consumption,low pressure loss,and miniaturization to meet the requirements of thermal management systems.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51975419)。
文摘Additive manufacturing is a very promising manufacturing method widely used in various industries.In this study,for the first time,a new type of combined cable wire(CCW)with multi-element composition has been designed and developed for arc additive manufacturing(AAM)of non-equiatomic Al-Co-Cr-FeNi high-entropy alloy.CCW composed of 7 filaments and 5 elements has the advantages of high deposition efficiency,self-rotation of welding arc and energy saving capability.Thin HEA walls were fabricated under pure argon gas using cold metal transfer technology.Microstructural observations of the developed HEA reveal(i)BCC and FCC phases,(ii)Good bonding between layers and(iii)defect-free microstructure.The developed alloy exhibits high compression strength(~2.8 GPa)coupled with high plastic strain(~42%)values(possess both strength and ductility).It has been identified that by varying the heat input via torch travel speed,the microstructure and mechanical properties of the HEA can be controlled.From this feasibility study,it has been proved that the innovative CCW method can be used to manufacture HEAs with CCW-AAM.Further,the study highlights the advantage of the rapid cooling involved in the CCW-AAM process which gives rise to superior mechanical properties.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 4961038)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province Education Department (No. 16ZB0402)+1 种基金Engineering and Technical College of Chengdu University of Technology Foundation (No. C122014014)the key research projects of Science and Technology Bureau of Leshan Town
文摘The Qilian mountain area was examined for using the Logistic-CA-Markov coupling model combined with GIS spatial analyst technology to research the transformation of LUCC, driving force system and simulate future tendency of variation. Results show that： （1） Woodland area decreased by 12.55%, while grassland, cultivated land, and settlement areas increased by 0.22%, 7.92%, and 0.03%, respectively, from 1986 to 2014. During the period of 1986 to 2000, forest degradation in the middle section of the mountain area decreased by 1,501.69 km2. Vegetation cover area improved, with a net increase of grassland area of 38.12 km2 from 2000 to 2014. （2） For constructing the system driving force, the best simulation scale was 210m×210m. Based on logistic regression analysis, the contribution （weight） of composite driving forces to land use and cover change was obtained, and the weight value was more objectively compared with AHP and MCE method. （3） In the natural scenarios, it is predicted that land use and cover distribution maps of Qilian mountain area in 2028 and 2042, and the Lee-Sallee index test was adopted. Over the next 27 years （2015-2042）, farmland, woodland, grassland, settlement areas show an increasing trend, especially settlements with an obvious change of 0.56%. The area of bare land will decrease by 0.89%. Without environmental degradation, tremendous structural change of LUCC will not occur, and typical characteristic of the vertical zone of the mountain would remain. Farmland and settlement areas will increase, but only in the vicinity of Qilian and Sunan counties.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51890881)。
文摘As electro-hydrostatic actuator(EHA)technology advances towards lightweight and integration,the demand for enhanced internal flow pathways in hydraulic valve blocks intensifies.However,owing to the constraints imposed by traditional manufacturing processes,conventional hydraulic integrated valve blocks fail to satisfy the demands of a more compact channel layout and lower energy dissipation.Notably,the subjectivity in the arrangement of internal passages results in a time-consuming and labor-intensive process.This study employed additive manufacturing technology and the ant colony algorithm and B-spline curves for the meticulous design of internal passages within an aviation EHA valve block.The layout environment for the valve block passages was established,and path optimization was achieved using the ant colony algorithm,complemented by smoothing using B-spline curves.Three-dimensional modeling was performed using SolidWorks software,revealing a 10.03%reduction in volume for the optimized passages compared with the original passages.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations were performed using Fluent software,demonstrating that the algorithmically optimized passages effectively prevented the occurrence of vortices at right-angled locations,exhibited superior flow characteristics,and concurrently reduced pressure losses by 34.09%-36.36%.The small discrepancy between the experimental and simulation results validated the efficacy of the ant colony algorithm and B-spline curves in optimizing the passage design,offering a viable solution for channel design in additive manufacturing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31801042)the Health and Medical Research Fund(No.04152666 and No.07180576)General Research Fund(No.14115418),and Direct Grant(No.2020.052).
文摘Apparently balanced chromosomal structural rearrangements are known to cause male infertility and account for approximately 1%of azoospermia or severe oligospermia.However,the underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis and etiologies are still largely unknown.Herein,we investigated apparently balanced interchromosomal structural rearrangements in six cases with azoospermia/severe oligospermia to comprehensively identify and delineate cryptic structural rearrangements and the related copy number variants.In addition,high read-depth genome sequencing(GS)(30-fold)was performed to investigate point mutations causative of male infertility.Mate-pair GS(4-fold)revealed additional structural rearrangements and/or copy number changes in 5 of 6 cases and detected a total of 48 rearrangements.Overall,the breakpoints caused truncations of 30 RefSeq genes,five of which were associated with spermatogenesis.Furthermore,the breakpoints disrupted 43 topological-associated domains.Direct disruptions or potential dysregulations of genes,which play potential roles in male germ cell development,apoptosis,and spermatogenesis,were found in all cases(n=6).In addition,high read-depth GS detected dual molecular findings in case MI6,involving a complex rearrangement and two point mutations in the gene DNAH1.Overall,our study provided the molecular characteristics of apparently balanced interchromosomal structural rearrangements in patients with male infertility.We demonstrated the complexity of chromosomal structural rearrangements,potential gene disruptions/dysregulation and single-gene mutations could be the contributing mechanisms underlie male infertility.
基金funding from several sources,including the Chongqing Scientific Research Institution Performance Incentive Project(grant number cstc2022jxjl80007)the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(grant number CARS-42-51)+5 种基金the Chongqing Scientific Research Institution Performance Incentive Project(grant number 22527 J)the Key R&D Project in Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of Rongchang(grant number No.22534C-22)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Project,grant number CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0434Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Project,grant number 2022NSFSC0605Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Project,grant number 2021YFS0379the Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Development Project(grant number No.cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0248)。
文摘Background Domestic goose breeds are descended from either the Swan goose(Anser cygnoides)or the Greylag goose(Anser anser),exhibiting variations in body size,reproductive performance,egg production,feather color,and other phenotypic traits.Constructing a pan-genome facilitates a thorough identification of genetic variations,thereby deepening our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying genetic diversity and phenotypic variability.Results To comprehensively facilitate population genomic and pan-genomic analyses in geese,we embarked on the task of 659 geese whole genome resequencing data and compiling a database of 155 RNA-seq samples.By constructing the pan-genome for geese,we generated non-reference contigs totaling 612 Mb,unveiling a collection of 2,813 novel genes and pinpointing 15,567 core genes,1,324 softcore genes,2,734 shell genes,and 878 cloud genes in goose genomes.Furthermore,we detected an 81.97 Mb genomic region showing signs of genome selection,encompassing the TGFBR2 gene correlated with variations in body weight among geese.Genome-wide association studies utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and presence-absence variation revealed significant genomic associations with various goose meat quality,reproductive,and body composition traits.For instance,a gene encoding the SVEP1 protein was linked to carcass oblique length,and a distinct gene-CDS haplotype of the SVEP1 gene exhibited an association with carcass oblique length.Notably,the pan-genome analysis revealed enrichment of variable genes in the“hair follicle maturation”Gene Ontology term,potentially linked to the selection of feather-related traits in geese.A gene presence-absence variation analysis suggested a reduced frequency of genes associated with“regulation of heart contraction”in domesticated geese compared to their wild counterparts.Our study provided novel insights into gene expression features and functions by integrating gene expression patterns across multiple organs and tissues in geese and analyzing population variation.Conclusion This accomplishment originates from the discernment of a multitude of selection signals and candidate genes associated with a wide array of traits,thereby markedly enhancing our understanding of the processes underlying domestication and breeding in geese.Moreover,assembling the pan-genome for geese has yielded a comprehensive apprehension of the goose genome,establishing it as an indispensable asset poised to offer innovative viewpoints and make substantial contributions to future geese breeding initiatives.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD1600200)Program of National Beef Cattle and Yak Industrial Technol-ogy System(NO.CARS-37)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(General Program)(24NSFSC0581)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Team for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Research in Southwest Minzu University(Grant No.2024CXTD02)。
文摘Background The genetic diversity of yak,a key domestic animal on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP),is a vital resource for domestication and breeding efforts.This study presents the first yak pangenome obtained through the de novo assembly of 16 yak genomes.Results We discovered 290 Mb of nonreference sequences and 504 new genes.Our pangenome-wide presence and absence variation(PAV)analysis revealed 5,120 PAV-related genes,highlighting a wide range of variety-specific genes and genes with varying frequencies across yak populations.Principal component analysis(PCA)based on binary gene PAV data classified yaks into three new groups:wild,domestic,and Jinchuan.Moreover,we pro-posed a‘two-haplotype genomic hybridization model'for understanding the hybridization patterns among breeds by integrating gene frequency,heterozygosity,and gene PAV data.A gene PAV-GWAS identified a novel gene(Bos-Gru3G009179)that may be associated with the multirib trait in Jinchuan yaks.Furthermore,an integrated transcrip-tome and pangenome analysis highlighted the significant differences in the expression of core genes and the muta-tional burden of differentially expressed genes between yaks from high and low altitudes.Transcriptome analysis across multiple species revealed that yaks have the most unique differentially expressed m RNAs and lnc RNAs(between high-and low-altitude regions),especially in the heart and lungs,when comparing high-and low-altitude adaptations.Conclusions The yak pangenome offers a comprehensive resource and new insights for functional genomic studies,supporting future biological research and breeding strategies.
文摘The conversion of CO_(2) into value‐added chemicals and fuels via electrochemical methods paves a promising avenue to mitigate both energy and environmental crisis.Among all the carbonaceous products derived from CO_(2) electroreduction,CH_(4) is one of the most important carriers for chemical bond energy storage due to the highest value of mass heat.Herein,starting from the proposed reaction mechanisms reported previously,we summarized the recent progresses on CO_(2) electroreduction into CH_(4) from the perspective of catalyst design strategies including construction of subnanometer catalytic sites,modulation of interfaces,in‐situ structural evolution,and engineering of tandem catalysts.On the basis of both the previously theoretical predictions and experimental results,we aimed to gain insights into the reaction mechanism for the formation of CH_(4),which,in turn,would provide guidelines for the design of highly efficient catalysts.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51672250 and 51902289)the Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Project(Nos.2021C01180 and 2019C04020)the Research Foundation of ZSTU(No.18012134-Y).
文摘Vaccine-based cancer immunotherapy has demonstrated a significant potential for cancer treatment in clinics.Although the efficiencies of vaccines are limited,they can be enhanced by a well-designed antigen delivery system that promotes sufficient antigen presentation of dendritic cells(DCs)for initiating high T cell immunity.Herein,antigen-loaded manganese oxide(Mn_(3)O_(4))triangular-shaped ultrasmall nanoparti-cles were prepared to stimulate DC-based immunotherapy under the guidance of T_(1)magnetic resonance imaging.The FDA-approved triblock copolymer Pluronic^(■)F-68 wasused not onlyto transferthe phase from hydrophobic to hydrophilic but also to enrich antigen loading and improve the biocompatibility of the prepared nanoparticles.Ovalbumin(OVA),a model antigen,was adsorbed on the surface of polymer-coated nanoparticles through electrostatic interaction to form Mn_(3)O_(4)@PF68-OVA nanoparticle-antigen complexes to stimulate DC-based immunization and antigen-specific T cell immunity.The Mn_(3)O_(4)@PF68-OVA nanovaccine(NV)induces negligible toxicity effects against 4T1 and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells(BMDCs)by conventional methods supports the proliferation of intestine organoids,which are an innovative three-dimensional cytotoxicity evaluation system,thereby indicating their potential safety for in vivo cancer therapies.The designed paramagnetic nanovaccine possessed excellent OVA delivery to dendritic-regulated antigen-specific T cells in vitro by stimulating the maturation level of BMDCs.In ad-dition,Mn_(3)O_(4)@PF68-OVA NVs enhance immunity in vivo by increasing the T-cells and M1 macrophages,which suggests improved immunity.Excitingly,vaccination with Mn_(3)O_(4)@PF68-OVA offer complete pro-tection in the prophylactic group and significant tumor inhibition in the therapeutic group against B16-OVA tumor.In addition,the designed nanovaccine demonstrated high T_(1)-MR imaging in the tumor,fur-ther justifying enhanced tumor accumulation and capability to real-time monitor the treatment proce-dure.This study presents a promising nanosystem to design an effective nanovaccine for T_(1)-MR imaging-guided tumor immunotherapy.
基金Supported by National Excellent Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52122503)Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.E2022203002)+2 种基金The Yanzhao’s Young Scientist Project of China(Grant No.E2023203258)Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department of China(Grant No.BJK2022060)Hebei Provincial Graduate Innovation Funding Project of China(Grant No.CXZZSS2022129).
文摘Each joint of a hydraulic-driven legged robot adopts a highly integrated hydraulic drive unit(HDU),which features a high power-weight ratio.However,most HDUs are throttling-valve-controlled cylinder systems,which exhibit high energy losses.By contrast,pump control systems offer a high efficiency.Nevertheless,their response ability is unsatisfactory.To fully utilize the advantages of pump and valve control systems,in this study,a new type of pump-valve compound drive system(PCDS)is designed,which can not only effectively reduce the energy loss,but can also ensure the response speed and response accuracy of the HDUs in robot joints to satisfy the performance requirements of robots.Herein,considering the force control requirements of energy conservation,high precision,and fast response of the robot joint HDU,a nonlinear mathematical model of the PCDS force control system is first introduced.In addition,pressure-flow nonlinearity,friction nonlinearity,load complexity and variability,and other factors affecting the system are considered,and a novel force control method based on quantitative feedback theory(QFT)and a disturbance torque observer(DTO)is designed,which is denoted as QFT-DTOC herein.This method improves the control accuracy and robustness of the force control system,reduces the effect of the disturbance torque on the control performance of the servo motor,and improves the overall force control performance of the system.Finally,experimental verification is performed using the PCDS performance test platform.The experimental results and quantitative data show that the QFT-DTOC proposed herein can significantly improve the force control performance of the PCDS.The relevant force control method can be used as a bottom-control method for the hydraulic servo system to provide a foundation for implementing the top-level trajectory planning of the robot.
文摘The lightweight design of hydraulic quadruped robots,especially the lightweight design of the leg joint Hydraulic Drive Unit(HDU),can improve the robot's response speed,motion speed,endurance,and load capacity.However,the lightweight design of HDU is a huge challenge due to the need for structural strength.This paper is inspired by the geometric shape of fish bones and biomimetic reinforcing ribs on the surface of the HDU shell are designed to increase its strength and reduce its weight.First,a HDU shell with biomimetic fish bone reinforcing ribs structure is proposed.Then,the MATLAB toolbox and ANSYS finite element analysis module are used to optimize the parameters of the biomimetic reinforcing ribs structure and the overall layout of the shell.Finally,the HDU shell is manufactured using additive manufacturing technology,and a performance testing platform is built to conduct dynamic and static performance tests on the designed HDU.The experimental results show that the HDU with biomimetic fish bone reinforcing ribs has excellent dynamic performance and better static performance than the prototype model,and the weight of the shell is reduced by 20%compared to the prototype model.This work has broad application prospects in the lightweight and high-strength design of closed-pressure vessel components.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32471400 and 51902289)the key project of the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LZ24E020002)+1 种基金the Key Research&Development Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2024C03019,2024C03075,2021C01180,and 2019C04020)the Interdisciplinary Construction Funding of Biomedical Materials in ZSTU.
文摘Poor tumor penetration is a significant challenge for using nanoliposomebased chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).Recently,a milieu of biological cues downregulating tumor stroma has been associated with biological metal ions,primarily such as Mn2+.Inspired by this,we hypothesized that Mn2+could serve as a functional component in designing an alternative modulator for the tumor stroma microenvironment by reducing its extracellular matrix,further decreasing its stromal density.Herein,we presented a novel extracellular matrix(ECM)depleter within a tumor involving manganese-based mineralization materials that primed inhibition of the extracellular matrix of cancer cells,demonstrating a facile strategy for improving drug penetration,delivery and therapy efficiency of the doxorubicin-loaded liposome nanoparticles(Dox-LNP).As a result,the manganese mimetic mineralization material,manganese phosphate(MnP),demonstrated controlled biodegradation and biocompatibility within tumor microenvironments.The release of Mn^(2+)from MnP within the cell lysosome or tumor microenvironment inhibited TGF-β expression and its downstream profibrotic signaling pathways,thereby reducing the tumor stroma density by suppressing the expression of α-smooth actin(α-SMA)and collagen I(COL-I),and inducing tumor stromal disruption both in vitro and in vivo.The typical nanomedicines,Dox-LNP,were subsequently used to check their penetration.The MnP pretreated tumor could significantly improve tumor penetration and accumulation of Dox-LNP,which demonstrated a significant improvement in the treatment of TNBC.These achievements proposed a successful tumor stromal regulation material involving manganese mineralization for priming tumor stromal depletion in situ by inhibiting the TGF-β and associated proteins,representing an alternative materials strategy to substitute biotechnology for stromal reduction,which may further represent a great potential of nanomedicine-based cancer therapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32301177)the Cross-Discipline Foundation for Biomedical Materials in ZSTU(11113131282202-01 and 11113131282202-02)+1 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.ZCLQ24C1001the Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(22212238-Y).
文摘Reactive oxygen species(ROS)are highly prevalent in skin-related impairments and accelerate chronic ulcer progression.The routine subcutaneous administration approaches combining drug delivery with microenvironment intervention are widely developed for skin-related treatment but lack effective outcomes.Herein,we present a cuttlefish ink-derived nanoparticles(CNPs)-integrated microneedles patch,silk fibroin and cuttlefish ink-derived melanin nanoparticles(SC-MNs),that can easily be inserted into the skin and alleviate ROS.The microneedle tips,formed from silk fibroin and treated with methanol vapor annealing,turn to increasedβ-sheet and enhanced mechanical strength.Meanwhile,the tips can rapidly detach from SC-MNs in mildly acidic conditions due to the introduction of NaHCO_(3).SC-MNs also exhibited a unique ROS obliteration capacity.Furthermore,under near-infrared irradiation,SC-MNs triggered photothermal performance,which elicited reliable tumor cell-killing effects.Collectively,these SC-MN patches described here can provide a promising platform for combined ROS-scavenging and photothermal therapy,which makes them a potential candidate in skin-related disease management.
基金support from the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province[2021C01180]University Development Fund[UDF01002665,CUHK-Shenzhen]+1 种基金the Research Initiation Fund Project from Zhejiang Sci-Tech University[22212012-Y]Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.LQ24F050005.
文摘Bacteria-infected wounds healing has been greatly hindered by antibiotic resistance and persistent inflammation.It is crucial to develop multifunctional nanocomposites that possess effective antibacterial properties and can simultaneously accelerate the wound healing process to overcome the above challenges.Herein,we prepared a yolk–shell structured Ag nanowires(NWs)@amorphous hollow ZIF-67 by etching ZIF-67 onto the Ag NWs for infected wound healing for the first time.The etched hollow structure of amorphous ZIF-67 in the nanocomposite makes it a promising platform for loading healingpromoting drugs.We extensively studied the antibacterial and healing-promoting properties of the curcumin(CCM)-loaded nanocomposite(Ag NWs@C-HZ67).Ag NWs,being noble metal materials with plasmonic effects,can absorb a broad range of natural light and convert it to thermal energy.This photothermal conversion further improves the release of antibacterial components and wound healing drugs when exposed to light.During the healing process of an infected wound,Ag and Co ions were released from Ag NWs@C-HZ67 upon direct contact with the wound exudate and under the influence of light irradiation.Simultaneously,the loaded CCM leaked out to repair the infected wound.The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the Ag NWs@C-HZ67 groups against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria decreased to 3 and 3μg ml−1 when exposed to white light.Furthermore,an in vivo assessment of infected wound healing demonstrated that combining Ag NWs@C-HZ67 with light significantly accelerated the wound healing process,achieving 70%healing by the 6th day and almost complete healing by the 8th day.This advanced nanocomposite,consisting of components that possess antibacterial and growth-promoting properties,offers a safe,effective and clinically-translatable solution for accelerating the healing process of infected wounds.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB2402002)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.L223013).
文摘Lithium-ion batteries are currently the most widely used energy storage devices due to their superior energy density,long lifespan,and high efficiency.However,the manufacturing defects,caused by production flaws and raw material impurities can accelerate battery degradation.In extreme cases,these defects may result in severe safety incidents,such as thermal runaway.Metal foreign matter is one of the main types of manufacturing defects,frequently causing internal short circuits in lithium-ion batteries.Among these,copper particles are the most common contaminants.This paper addresses the safety risks posed by manufacturing defects in lithium-ion batteries,analyzes their classification and associated hazards,and reviews the research on metal foreign matter defects,with a focus on copper particle contamination.Furthermore,we summarize the detection methods to identify defective batteries and propose future research directions to address metal foreign matter defects.
基金financially supported by the key project of the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LZ24E020002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51902289,51672250)+2 种基金the Foundation of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shengzhou Innovation Research Institute(SYY2024C000012)the Key Research&Development Program of Zhejiang Province(2024C03019,2024C03075,2019C04020)the discipline construction funding of biomedical materials in ZSTU.
文摘Biomineralization-based cell-material living composites ex vivo showed great potential for living materials construction and cell regulation.However,cells in scaffolds with unconnected pores usually induce confined nutrient transfer and cell-cell communications,affecting the transformation of osteoblasts into osteocytes and the mineralization process.Herein,the osteoblast-materials living hybrids were constructed with porous PLLA microspheres using a rational design,in which cell-based living materials presented an improved osteoblast differentiation and mineralization model using rationally designed cell-microsphere composites.The results indicated that the microfluidic-based technique provided an efficient and highly controllable approach for producing on-demand PLLA microspheres with tiny pores(<5μm),medium pores(5-15μm)and large pores(>15μm),as well as further drug delivery.Furthermore,the simvastatin(SIM)-loaded porous PLLA microsphere withε-polylysine(ε-PL)modification was used for osteoblast(MC3T3-E1)implantation,achieving the cell-material living microhybrids,and the results demonstrated theε-PL surface modification and SIM could improve osteoblast behavior regulation,including cell adhesion,proliferation,as well as the antibacterial effects.Both in vitro and in vivo results significantly demonstrated further cell proliferation,differentiation and cascade mineralization regulation.Then,the quantitative polymerase chain reaction or histological staining of typical markers,including collagen type I,alkaline phosphatase,runt-related transcription factor 2 and bone morphogenetic protein 2,as well as the calcium mineral deposition staining in situ,reconfirmed the transformation of osteoblasts into osteocytes.These achievements revealed a promising boost in osteogenesis toward mineralization at the microtissue level by cell-microsphere integration,suggesting an alternative strategy for materials-based ex vivo tissue construction and cell regulation,further demonstrating excellent application prospects in the field of biomineralization-based tissue regeneration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82000321,31900502)Henan Educational Committee Program for Science and Technology Development of Universities(China)(No.22A310022,24A320017)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Henan,China(No.212300410275)Henan Medical Science and Technology Joint Building Program(China)(No.LHGJ20190229,LHGJ20190236,and LHGJ20230283)the Medical Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(No.SBGJ202103079,SBGJ202302045).
文摘Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 23(COXPD23,MIM#616198)is a rare autosomal-recessive mitochondrial disorder with variable disease severity ranging from death in early infancy to survival into the second decade of life,1 with the clinical symptoms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM)and/or neurological symptoms with onset in early childhood,hypotonia,delayed,psychomotor_development,lactic acidosis,i abnormal lesions in the basal ganglia,thalamus,and brainstem.COxPD23 is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the GTP-binding protein 3(GTPBP3,OMIM*608536)gene.Except for COXPD23,mutations in GTPBP3 are also associated with other diseases2-4(Table S1).
基金the financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFC1107600,2018YFB0704304,and 2018YFB1105504)Shandong Province Key R&D Program of China(No.2019JZZY011106)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31771056 and 31800813)the Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration(Peking University),the Ministry of Education(No.BMU2019XY007-01)the Ministry of Education Innovation Program of China(No.IRT_16R01)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.20190806162205278).
文摘Nerve guidance conduits with hollow lumen fail to regenerate critical-sized peripheral nerve defects(15 mm in rats and 25 mm in humans),which can be improved by a beneficial intraluminal microenvironment.However,individual cues provided by intraluminal filling materials are inadequate to eliminate the functional gap between regenerated nerves and normal nerves.Herein,an aligned fibrin/functionalized self-assembling peptide(AFG/fSAP)interpenetrating nanofiber hydrogel that exerting synergistic topographical and biochemical cues for peripheral nerve regeneration is constructed via electrospinning and molecular self-assembly.The hydrogel possesses an aligned structure,high water content,appropriate mechanical properties and suitable biodegradation capabilities for nerve repair,which enhances the alignment and neurotrophin secretion of primary Schwann cells(SCs)in vitro,and successfully bridges a 15-mm sciatic nerve gap in rats in vivo.The rats transplanted with the AFG/fSAP hydrogel exhibit satisfactory morphological and functional recovery in myelinated nerve fibers and innervated muscles.The motor function recovery facilitated by the AFG/fSAP hydrogel is comparable with that of autografts.Moreover,the AFG/fSAP hydrogel upregulates the regeneration-associated gene expression and activates the PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways in the regenerated nerve.Altogether,the AFG/fSAP hydrogel represents a promising approach for peripheral nerve repair through an integration of structural guidance and biochemical stimulation.
