The Fe_(949.7)Cr_(18)Mn_(1.9)Mo_(7.4)W_(1.6)B_(15.2)C_(3.8)Si_(2) amorphous coating was deposited on T91 steel substrate by using the high-velocity oxygen fuel(HVOF)spray technique to enhance the corrosion resistance ...The Fe_(949.7)Cr_(18)Mn_(1.9)Mo_(7.4)W_(1.6)B_(15.2)C_(3.8)Si_(2) amorphous coating was deposited on T91 steel substrate by using the high-velocity oxygen fuel(HVOF)spray technique to enhance the corrosion resistance of T91 stainless steel in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic(LBE).The corrosion behavior of the T91 steel and coating exposed to oxygen-saturated LBE at 400℃ for 500 h was investigated.Results showed that the T91 substrate was severely corroded and covered by a homogeneously distributed dual-layer oxide on the interface contacted to LBE,consisting of an outer magnetite layer and an inner Fe-Cr spinel layer.Meanwhile,the amorphous coating with a high glass transition temperature(Tg=550℃)and crystallization temperature(T_(x)=600℃)exhibited dramatically enhanced thermal stability and corrosion resistance.No visible LBE penetration was observed,although small amounts of Fe_(3)O_(4),Cr_(2)O_(3),and PbO were found on the coating surface.In addition,the amorphicity and interface bonding of the coating layer remained unchanged after the LBE corrosion.The Fe-based amorphous coating can act as a stable barrier layer in liquid LBE and have great application potential for long-term service in LBE-cooled fast reactors.展开更多
This study focuses on the resistance of nanocrystalline SiC coatings in reactors to He ion irradiation damage,revealing the crucial role of grain boundaries.In the nanocrystalline SiC coating,high-density grain bounda...This study focuses on the resistance of nanocrystalline SiC coatings in reactors to He ion irradiation damage,revealing the crucial role of grain boundaries.In the nanocrystalline SiC coating,high-density grain boundaries(GBs)and stacking faults(SFs)formed a GB–SF network.This network preferentially captured He atoms and inhibited the nucleation and growth of He bubbles and dislocations within the lattice.Moreover,the decrease in He atoms within the lattice accelerated the recombination of lattice defects.Although the abundant grain boundaries lead to extensive nucleation of dislocations,they restrict the growth of dislocations.Eventually,large He bubbles,continuous gas-filled disc(CGD)-type platelets,and black spots formed at the grain boundaries.Compared with traditional coarse-crystalline chemical vapor deposition(CVD)-SiC,this unique defect structure remarkably reduced the hindrance to dislocation movement and enhanced the resistance of the coating to irradiation hardening.This provides a key reference for the research on optimizing the in-reactor service performance of SiC through grain-boundary regulation strategies.展开更多
The rapid spread of animal diseases and the evolution of associated pathogens underscore the urgent need for improved diagnostic techniques.Established nucleic acid detection methods typically rely on expensive and co...The rapid spread of animal diseases and the evolution of associated pathogens underscore the urgent need for improved diagnostic techniques.Established nucleic acid detection methods typically rely on expensive and complex machinery,which requires specialized expertise and is time-consuming to operate.As a result,these methods are not well-suited for the monitoring and preliminary screening of epidemics in highly-intensive livestock operations.Therefore,there is a pressing need for the development of on-site rapid nucleic acid detection technologies that offer both high sensitivity and specificity.The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated proteins(CRISPR-Cas)system is notable for its simplicity,precision and high-efficiency gene-editing capabilities.Recent investigations into CRISPR-Cas-based nucleic acid detection methods have demonstrated considerable potential for advancing diagnostic technology in this field.This paper provides a comprehensive review of CRISPR-Cas-based nucleic acid detection principles and their application in diagnosing animal diseases.It aims to serve as a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners involved in the development and implementation of CRISPR-Cas technologies for animal pathogen detection.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52061135207, 51871016, 51921001, 5197011039, 5197011018, and U20b200318)the China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd
文摘The Fe_(949.7)Cr_(18)Mn_(1.9)Mo_(7.4)W_(1.6)B_(15.2)C_(3.8)Si_(2) amorphous coating was deposited on T91 steel substrate by using the high-velocity oxygen fuel(HVOF)spray technique to enhance the corrosion resistance of T91 stainless steel in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic(LBE).The corrosion behavior of the T91 steel and coating exposed to oxygen-saturated LBE at 400℃ for 500 h was investigated.Results showed that the T91 substrate was severely corroded and covered by a homogeneously distributed dual-layer oxide on the interface contacted to LBE,consisting of an outer magnetite layer and an inner Fe-Cr spinel layer.Meanwhile,the amorphous coating with a high glass transition temperature(Tg=550℃)and crystallization temperature(T_(x)=600℃)exhibited dramatically enhanced thermal stability and corrosion resistance.No visible LBE penetration was observed,although small amounts of Fe_(3)O_(4),Cr_(2)O_(3),and PbO were found on the coating surface.In addition,the amorphicity and interface bonding of the coating layer remained unchanged after the LBE corrosion.The Fe-based amorphous coating can act as a stable barrier layer in liquid LBE and have great application potential for long-term service in LBE-cooled fast reactors.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program(No.2023YFB3508100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12175323 and 11705264)+1 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023A1515012692)the Research Fund from the Laboratory of Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry(No.XKFZ202306).
文摘This study focuses on the resistance of nanocrystalline SiC coatings in reactors to He ion irradiation damage,revealing the crucial role of grain boundaries.In the nanocrystalline SiC coating,high-density grain boundaries(GBs)and stacking faults(SFs)formed a GB–SF network.This network preferentially captured He atoms and inhibited the nucleation and growth of He bubbles and dislocations within the lattice.Moreover,the decrease in He atoms within the lattice accelerated the recombination of lattice defects.Although the abundant grain boundaries lead to extensive nucleation of dislocations,they restrict the growth of dislocations.Eventually,large He bubbles,continuous gas-filled disc(CGD)-type platelets,and black spots formed at the grain boundaries.Compared with traditional coarse-crystalline chemical vapor deposition(CVD)-SiC,this unique defect structure remarkably reduced the hindrance to dislocation movement and enhanced the resistance of the coating to irradiation hardening.This provides a key reference for the research on optimizing the in-reactor service performance of SiC through grain-boundary regulation strategies.
基金supported by Tianjin Municipal College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project,China(202310061186).
文摘The rapid spread of animal diseases and the evolution of associated pathogens underscore the urgent need for improved diagnostic techniques.Established nucleic acid detection methods typically rely on expensive and complex machinery,which requires specialized expertise and is time-consuming to operate.As a result,these methods are not well-suited for the monitoring and preliminary screening of epidemics in highly-intensive livestock operations.Therefore,there is a pressing need for the development of on-site rapid nucleic acid detection technologies that offer both high sensitivity and specificity.The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated proteins(CRISPR-Cas)system is notable for its simplicity,precision and high-efficiency gene-editing capabilities.Recent investigations into CRISPR-Cas-based nucleic acid detection methods have demonstrated considerable potential for advancing diagnostic technology in this field.This paper provides a comprehensive review of CRISPR-Cas-based nucleic acid detection principles and their application in diagnosing animal diseases.It aims to serve as a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners involved in the development and implementation of CRISPR-Cas technologies for animal pathogen detection.
