The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.A...The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.展开更多
Differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes contributes to remyelination.Failure of remyelination due to oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death can result in severe n...Differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes contributes to remyelination.Failure of remyelination due to oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death can result in severe nerve damage.Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death caused by membrane rupture induced by lipid peroxidation,and plays an important role in the pathological process of ischemic stroke.However,there are few studies on oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ferroptosis.We analyzed transcriptome sequencing data from GEO databases and identified a role of ferroptosis in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and myelin injury after cerebral ischemia.Bioinformatics analysis suggested that perilipin-2(PLIN2)was involved in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ferroptosis.PLIN2 is a lipid storage protein and a marker of hypoxia-sensitive lipid droplet accumulation.For further investigation,we established a mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.We found significant myelin damage after cerebral ischemia,as well as oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and increased lipid peroxidation levels around the infarct area.The ferroptosis inhibitor,ferrostatin-1,rescued oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and subsequent myelin injury.We also found increased PLIN2 levels in the peri-infarct area that co-localized with oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.Plin2 knockdown rescued demyelination and improved neurological deficits.Our findings suggest that targeting PLIN2 to regulate oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ferroptosis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for rescuing myelin damage after cerebral ischemia.展开更多
The heat content(HC)of water masses on the Ross Sea continental shelf plays an important role in regulating the circulations and the basal melting of the Ross Ice Shelf(RIS).Yet,the evolution of the HC on the Ross Sea...The heat content(HC)of water masses on the Ross Sea continental shelf plays an important role in regulating the circulations and the basal melting of the Ross Ice Shelf(RIS).Yet,the evolution of the HC on the Ross Sea continental shelf is still not clear due to the sparsity of observations.By employing a coupled regional ocean-sea ice-ice shelf model for the Ross Sea,this study analyzes the heat budget of water masses over the continental shelf and in the RIS cavity.According to the topographic features and the HC density,the continental shelf region is divided into 17 subdomains.The heat budget of the middle layer for every subdomain is analyzed.In addition,the heat budget for the RIS cavity is assessed for the first time.Owing to Modified Circumpolar Deep Water intrusion,water masses over the eastern shelf are warmer than over the western shelf,with the coldest water identified in the southwestern inner shelf.The horizontal heat flux mainly provides heat to the continental shelf,while the atmospheric forcing tends to warm up the ocean during the ice-melting period and cool down the ocean during the ice-freezing period.The vertical heat flux is generally upward and transports heat from the deep layer to the upper layer.In the RIS cavity,the seasonal cycle of the HC is dominated by the horizontal flux across the RIS front rather than the basal thermal forcing of the RIS.展开更多
Arid regions are vital components of Earth’s land surface.Clarifying the area/boundary of arid region is crucial for comprehending area changes and potential mechanisms.However,the accuracy and applicability of arid ...Arid regions are vital components of Earth’s land surface.Clarifying the area/boundary of arid region is crucial for comprehending area changes and potential mechanisms.However,the accuracy and applicability of arid region boundary delineated by different indices remain unclear.In this study,the annual precipitation(AP),humidity index(H),and aridity index(K)were calculated for delineating arid region of China using 106 meteorological stations during 1990–2019.The results suggest that AP and H can accurately delineate arid region,because they are consistent with the distribution of typical soil and vegetation in arid region,whereas K is not.Moreover,AP is the best index for delineating arid region in regions with limited meteorological data,especially in studying long-term patterns and mechanisms of area changes.The accuracy of delineating arid region using H is enhanced in regions with abundant meteorological data.Over the past 30 years,influenced by the increase of atmospheric moisture influx and precipitation,the area in arid region of northwestern China decreased by 70×10^(3)–90×10^(3)km^(2),resulting in the present area of approximately 1.55×10^(6)km^(2).This study provides appropriate indices for delineating arid region,contributing to improving our knowledge of regional responses difference to climate change.展开更多
Invasive inflammation and excessive scar formation are the main reasons for the difficulty in repairing nervous tissue after spinal cord injury.Microglia and astrocytes play key roles in the spinal cord injury micro-e...Invasive inflammation and excessive scar formation are the main reasons for the difficulty in repairing nervous tissue after spinal cord injury.Microglia and astrocytes play key roles in the spinal cord injury micro-environment and share a close interaction.However,the mechanisms involved remain unclear.In this study,we found that after spinal cord injury,resting microglia(M0)were polarized into pro-inflammatory phenotypes(MG1 and MG3),while resting astrocytes were polarized into reactive and scar-forming phenotypes.The expression of growth arrest-specific 6(Gas6)and its receptor Axl were significantly down-regulated in microglia and astrocytes after spinal cord injury.In vitro experiments showed that Gas6 had negative effects on the polarization of reactive astrocytes and pro-inflammatory microglia,and even inhibited the cross-regulation between them.We further demonstrated that Gas6 can inhibit the polarization of reactive astrocytes by suppressing the activation of the Yes-associated protein signaling pathway.This,in turn,inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia by suppressing the activation of the nuclear factor-κB/p65 and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways.In vivo experiments showed that Gas6 inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia and reactive astrocytes in the injured spinal cord,thereby promoting tissue repair and motor function recovery.Overall,Gas6 may play a role in the treatment of spinal cord injury.It can inhibit the inflammatory pathway of microglia and polarization of astrocytes,attenuate the interaction between microglia and astrocytes in the inflammatory microenvironment,and thereby alleviate local inflammation and reduce scar formation in the spinal cord.展开更多
Lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO_(4),LFP)batteries have shown extensive adoption in power applications in recent years for their reliable safety,high theoretical capability and low cost.Nevertheless,the finite lifespan o...Lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO_(4),LFP)batteries have shown extensive adoption in power applications in recent years for their reliable safety,high theoretical capability and low cost.Nevertheless,the finite lifespan of these batteries necessitates the future processing of a significant number of spent LFP batteries,underscoring the urgent need for the development of both efficient and eco-friendly recycling methods.This study combines the advantages of wet leaching and direct regeneration methods,leveraging citric acid's multifaceted role to streamline the combined leaching and hydrothermal processes.Results indicate that citric acid efficiently leaches all elements from spent LFP batteries.Furthermore,through its unique structure,it enhances hydrothermal regeneration by stabilizing metal ions and controlling crystal growth,and also acts as a carbon source for the surface carbon coating of regenerated LFP(RLFP).The R-LFP shows outstanding electrochemical stability,achieving a discharge capacity of 155.1 mAh.g^(-1)at 0.1C,with a capacity retention rate of 93.2%after 300 cycles at 1C.Furthermore,economic and environmental analyses demonstrate this method's superior cost-effectiveness and sustainability.Therefore,the method proposed in this study is efficient,simple and avoids the complex process of element separation,innovatively using a single reagent to achieve closed-loop recycling of LFP batteries,providing a novel and effective solution for the resource sustainability application.展开更多
Background:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),characterized by its lack of traditional hormone receptors and HER2,presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its poor response to conventional therapies.Autoph...Background:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),characterized by its lack of traditional hormone receptors and HER2,presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its poor response to conventional therapies.Autophagy is an important process for maintaining cellular homeostasis,and there are currently autophagy biomarkers that play an effective role in the clinical treatment of tumors.In contrast to targeting protein activity,intervention with proteinprotein interaction(PPI)can avoid unrelated crosstalk and regulate the autophagy process with minimal interference pathways.Methods:Here,we employed Naive Bayes,Decision Tree,and k-Nearest Neighbors to elucidate the complex PPI network associated with autophagy in TNBC,aiming to uncover novel therapeutic targets.Meanwhile,the candidate proteins interacting with Beclin 2 were initially screened in MDA-MB-231 cells using Beclin 2 as bait protein by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay,and the interaction relationship was verified by molecular docking and CO-IP experiments after intersection.Colony formation,cellular immunofluorescence,cell scratch and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)tests were used to predict the clinical therapeutic effects of manipulating candidate PPI.Results:By developing three PPI classification models and analyzing over 13,000 datasets,we identified 3733 previously unknown autophagy-related PPIs.Our network analysis revealed the central role of Beclin 2 in autophagy regulation,uncovering its interactions with 39 newly identified proteins.Notably,the CO-IP studies identified the substantial interaction between Beclin 2 and Ubiquilin 1,which was anticipated by our model and discovered in immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay results.Subsequently,in vitro investigations showed that overexpressing Beclin 2 increased Ubiquilin 1,promoted autophagy-dependent cell death,and inhibited proliferation and metastasis in MDA-MB-231 cells.Conclusions:This study not only enhances our understanding of autophagy regulation in TNBC but also identifies the Beclin 2-Ubiquilin 1 axis as a promising target for precision therapy.These findings open new avenues for drug discovery and offer inspiration for more effective treatments for this aggressive cancer subtype.展开更多
The intensification of global warming has led to the continuous outbreak of southern rust(Puccinia polysora Underw.)in major maize-producing regions worldwide.The severe outbreak in the Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize reg...The intensification of global warming has led to the continuous outbreak of southern rust(Puccinia polysora Underw.)in major maize-producing regions worldwide.The severe outbreak in the Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize region of China in 2021 caused yield losses exceeding 50%in some plots,and this disease has been included in the List of Key Crop Pests and Diseases.This paper systematically reviews the molecular resistance mechanisms of maize to southern rust,focusing on the immune mechanisms mediated by NLR family genes and the characteristics of the Bin 10.01 resistance gene cluster;it summarizes the advances in research of molecular breeding technologies such as gene marker development,map-based cloning,and gene editing;combined with the disease characteristics of the spring-sown maize region in Southwest China and the summer-sown maize region in Huang-Huai-Hai,it elaborates on regionally adapted prevention and control strategies;integrating breeding practices of Dunhuang Seed Industry Group(e.g.,Dunyu 810 and Dunyan 616),it proposes a full-chain solution of"precision gene pyramiding-heterotic group utilization-regional promotion".It is expected to provide theoretical and technical references for molecular breeding of maize resistance to southern rust.展开更多
Case Letter Severe trauma has high morbidity and mortality rates,being the leading cause of death in young adults.Among all traumas,tra ffi c injuries are particularly lethal.^([1-2]) The injury severity score(ISS) ca...Case Letter Severe trauma has high morbidity and mortality rates,being the leading cause of death in young adults.Among all traumas,tra ffi c injuries are particularly lethal.^([1-2]) The injury severity score(ISS) can be used to assess trauma severity,with ISS of<9,9–15,16–24,and≥25 indicating minor,moderate,severe,and critical trauma,respectively.The ISS is correlated with mortality,morbidity,and hospitalization duration after injury.^([3-4]) Here,we report one patient who was admitted to our emergency intensive care unit(EICU) due to traumatic liver rupture and traumatic myocardial infarction complicated with inferior vena cava(IVC) thrombosis.展开更多
The axolotl is broadly used in regenerative, developmental, and evolutionary biology research. Targeted gene knock-in is crucial for precision transgenesis, enabling disease modeling, visualization, tracking, and func...The axolotl is broadly used in regenerative, developmental, and evolutionary biology research. Targeted gene knock-in is crucial for precision transgenesis, enabling disease modeling, visualization, tracking, and functional manipulation of specific cells or genes of interest(GOIs). Existing CRISPR/Cas9-mediated homology-independent method for gene knock-in often causes “scars/indels” at integration junctions.Here, we develop a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated semi-homology-directed recombination(HDR) knock-in method using a donor construct containing a single homology arm for the precise integration of GOIs.This semi-HDR approach achieves seamless single-end integration of the Cherry reporter gene and a large inducible Cre cassette into intronless genes like Sox2 and Neurod6 in axolotls, which are challenging to modify with the homology-independent method. Additionally, we integrate the inducible Cre cassette into intron-containing loci(e.g., Nkx2.2 and FoxA2) without introducing indels via semi-HDR. GOIs are properly expressed in F0 founders, with approximately 5%-10% showing precise integration confirmed by genotyping. Furthermore, using the Nkx2.2:CreER^(T2)line, we fate-map spinal cord p3 neural progenitor cells,revealing that Nkx2.2^(+) cells adopt different lineages in development and regeneration, preferentially generating motoneurons over oligodendrocytes during regeneration. Overall, this semi-HDR method balances efficiency and precision in the integration of GOIs, providing a valuable tool for generating knock-in axolotls and potentially extending to other species.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter proposes a novel dynamic vision-enabled intelligent micro-vibration estimation method with spatiotemporal pattern consistency.Inspired by biological vision,dynamic vision data are collected by ...Dear Editor,This letter proposes a novel dynamic vision-enabled intelligent micro-vibration estimation method with spatiotemporal pattern consistency.Inspired by biological vision,dynamic vision data are collected by the event camera,which is able to capture the micro-vibration information of mechanical equipment,due to the significant advantage of extremely high temporal sampling frequency.展开更多
Synergistically and simultaneously enhancing strength and ductility has been a major challenge for the development and applications of titanium matrix composites.Herein,a new design methodology for Ti_(2)Cu/Ti_(6)Al4V...Synergistically and simultaneously enhancing strength and ductility has been a major challenge for the development and applications of titanium matrix composites.Herein,a new design methodology for Ti_(2)Cu/Ti_(6)Al4V composites with superior strength and ductility is reported.展开更多
BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis are global medical challenges that require safe and effective treatments.In the past two decades,there has been a surge in research on stem cell therapy for liver fibrosis and c...BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis are global medical challenges that require safe and effective treatments.In the past two decades,there has been a surge in research on stem cell therapy for liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the research hotspots and trends in this field through bibliometrics.sters was conducted.RESULTS As of September 20,2024,a total of 1935 documents were retrieved dating from 2004 to 2024,with 1186 strongly relevant publications obtained after screening.China,the United States,and Japan were the major contributors in this field.Cairo University,Zhejiang University and Yamaguchi University were the major institution in this field.The journal Stem Cell Research&Therapy published the most papers.There were 686 authors,with Shuji Terai,Isao Sakaida,Soon Koo Baik,and Lanjuan Li publishing the most papers.The research focused on alcoholic cirrhosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.The emerging areas of interest were extracellular vesicles,exosomes,and their enriched microRNAs.The field is experiencing rapid growth due to the changing research trends and increasing literature.CONCLUSION These findings provide a thorough overview of stem cell therapy in the field of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Exogenous insulin may trigger immune-mediated complications,particularly among East Asian populations.Double diabetes,characterized by overlapping features of type 1 diabetes(T1D)and type 2 diabetes(T2D),ma...BACKGROUND Exogenous insulin may trigger immune-mediated complications,particularly among East Asian populations.Double diabetes,characterized by overlapping features of type 1 diabetes(T1D)and type 2 diabetes(T2D),may arise from insulin-induced autoimmunity.This study aimed to explore the association between high-risk human leukocyte antigen(HLA)class Ⅱ genotypes and susceptibility to double diabetes in patients initially diagnosed with T2D.AIM To investigate clinical and immunogenic features of patients who develop double diabetes following exogenous insulin therapy.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed five cases from Peking Union Medical College Hospital and 18 cases identified from published literature.Patients were categorized into two groups:The T2D→T1D group,characterized by autoimmune progression,and the stable T2D(T2D→T2D).Clinical characteristics and HLA class Ⅱ genotypes were compared descriptively between the two groups.RESULTS A total of 23 patients were included in the analysis.Of these,10 progressed from theT2D→T1D with autoimmune features,while 13 remained in the stable T2D→T2D group.There was no statistically significant difference in age at diagnosis between the two groups(57.10±16.11 years vs 60.31±17.41 years).In the T2D→T1D group,70%of patients carried the HLA-DRB104:05 allele and 40%carried DRB109:01,both of which are commonly associated with a high risk of T1D.In contrast,the T2D→T2D group showed greater genetic heterogeneity,with a broader distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles,including DRB103:02(n=4),DRB109:01(n=4),and several lower frequency alleles such as DRB1*04:05,*08:03,*03:01,*04:06,*14:01,*04:01,*12:02,*15:02 and*02:01.CONCLUSION These findings suggest that patients in the T2D→T1D group exhibit a stronger autoimmune genetic predisposition,characterized by an enrichment of high-risk HLA class II alleles.In contrast,individuals with stable T2D demonstrate greater HLA diversity and lack definitive autoimmune-associated markers.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the potential targets and mechanisms of Draconis Sanguis(DS),a valuable traditional Chinese medicine derived from the resin of the palm tree Daemonorops draco Bl(D.Sanguis,Xue Jie),in the trea...Objective:To investigate the potential targets and mechanisms of Draconis Sanguis(DS),a valuable traditional Chinese medicine derived from the resin of the palm tree Daemonorops draco Bl(D.Sanguis,Xue Jie),in the treatment of myocardial infarction(MI).Methods:We explored the potential mechanisms of DS in the treatment of MI using network pharmacology,bioinformatic techniques,and transcriptomic analysis,followed by validation through in vivo and in vitro experiments.Results:Network pharmacology and bioinformatic analyses identified five genes(Fpr1,Glul,Mme,Mmp9,and Pla2g7)as potential targets for MI treatment.Moreover,DS significantly ameliorated cardiac function,inflammatory responses,and MI-induced myocardial fibrosis in vivo.Transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses identified Pla2g7 as the most critical target in the DS treatment of MI.Molecular docking revealed that the key active ingredient in DS has a strong affinity for this gene.Furthermore,DS reduced the expression of Pla2g7(P=.0009),NLRP3(P=.003),interleukin-18(P<.001),and interleukin-1b(P=.004)mRNAs in vivo.Conclusions:The results indicate that DS can downregulate the expression of Pla2g7 and reduce the inflammatory response.This demonstrates the potential therapeutic target of DS and the mechanism underlying its cardioprotective effects.展开更多
Studies to enhance the management of electrical energy have gained considerable momentum in recent years. The question of how much energy will be needed in households is a pressing issue as it allows the management pl...Studies to enhance the management of electrical energy have gained considerable momentum in recent years. The question of how much energy will be needed in households is a pressing issue as it allows the management plan of the available resources at the power grids and consumer levels. A non-intrusive inference process can be adopted to predict the amount of energy required by appliances. In this study, an inference process of appliance consumption based on temporal and environmental factors used as a soft sensor is proposed. First, a study of the correlation between the electrical and environmental variables is presented. Then, a resampling process is applied to the initial data set to generate three other subsets of data. All the subsets were evaluated to deduce the adequate granularity for the prediction of the energy demand. Then, a cloud-assisted deep neural network model is designed to forecast short-term energy consumption in a residential area while preserving user privacy. The solution is applied to the consumption data of four appliances elected from a set of real household power data. The experiment results show that the proposed framework is effective for estimating consumption with convincing accuracy.展开更多
Objective The lack of clarity regarding the application performance of a hybrid operating room(HOR)and the uncertainty of surgical scheduling often lead to its inefficient application.This study aimed to review the cl...Objective The lack of clarity regarding the application performance of a hybrid operating room(HOR)and the uncertainty of surgical scheduling often lead to its inefficient application.This study aimed to review the clinical application of our neurosurgical HOR and propose a scale to score cases clearly.Methods We reviewed the operating procedures and duration of stay in 1865 HOR cases.The actual procedures of each case were summarized into 5 application types,and numerical assignment was used to distinguish the dependence of each type on our HOR:surgical procedures combined with interventional procedures(4 points,the highest dependence),surgical procedures combined with imaging procedures(3 points),interventional procedures(2 points),imaging procedures(1 point),and surgical procedures(0 points,the lowest dependence).Results A novel scale that could score 1865 cases into those 5 grades was developed.The percentages by grade were as follows:4 points,4.24%;3 points,4.88%;2 points,20.75%;1 point,69.38%;and 0 points,0.75%.The cumulative usage time was 4241.9 h,the duration of which was as follows:4 points,16.17%;3 points,15.50%;2 points,31.32%;1 point,35.62%;and 0 points,1.39%.Conclusions The HOR serves as a multifunctional room to treat neurosurgical diseases.The scale helps to quickly prioritize cases that rely more on HOR,providing guidelines for surgical scheduling.Although our HOR is unsuitable for emergency cases,it clearly shows the application performance of our HOR to provide a reference for promoting its efficient application.展开更多
Due to the global energy shortage,it has become essential to reduce energy consumption in the steelmaking process in order to promote the sustainable development of the metallurgical industry.The limitations of tradit...Due to the global energy shortage,it has become essential to reduce energy consumption in the steelmaking process in order to promote the sustainable development of the metallurgical industry.The limitations of traditional ladle insulation materials were addressed by using kaolin as the main raw material in combination with foam-gelcasting technique for in-situ synthesis of porous anorthite thermal insulation materials.Concurrently,the effects of sintering temperature and time on the composition of the physical phases,microstructure and physical properties were elucidated.The results showed that anorthite was the main phase obtained in sintering temperature range of 1200-1450℃,and edges of anorthite grains were well defined and well developed,presenting a plate-like morphology,which significantly improved mechanical strength of sample.The best overall performance was achieved at a firing temperature of 1400℃ and a holding time of 3 h.Compared to conventional ladle thermal insulation materials,samples developed herein showed excellent performance with a porosity of 63.3%,a compressive strength of 14.51 MPa,and an ultra-low thermal conductivity of only 0.29 W/(m K).展开更多
We read with great interest the article by Cao et al on 15 cases of emphysematous pancreatitis(EP).The study highlights the high mortality rate associated with EP and emphasizes the role of next-generation sequencing(...We read with great interest the article by Cao et al on 15 cases of emphysematous pancreatitis(EP).The study highlights the high mortality rate associated with EP and emphasizes the role of next-generation sequencing(NGS)in identifying its etiology.Additionally,it suggests treatment strategies such as antimicrobial therapy and early percutaneous catheter drainage,which may improve patient outcomes.However,we have identified certain limitations related to case selection,the evaluation of NGS technology,and the timing of computed tomography scans.To enhance the study’s findings,we recommend expanding the study population,systematically evaluating the role of NGS in EP,and providing a more detailed analysis of the antibiotic initiation and duration.Furthermore,specifying the timing of computed tomography scans would improve clarity.Addressing these concerns could strengthen the study’s contribution to the evidence-based management of EP,offering valuable insights for clinical practice.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to analyze the temporal trends in cancer mortality in China from 2013-2021 and project the future trends through 2030.Methods:This study was based on the China Causes of Death Surveillance D...Objective:This study aimed to analyze the temporal trends in cancer mortality in China from 2013-2021 and project the future trends through 2030.Methods:This study was based on the China Causes of Death Surveillance Dataset,which covers 2.37 billion person-years.Age-standardized mortality rates(ASMRs)were calculated using Segi’s world standard population and the trends were evaluated via Joinpoint regression.Bayesian age-period-cohort models were used for mortality projections.Contributions of demographic changes(population size and age structure)and risk factors to the mortality burden were quantified using the decomposition analysis.Results:The combined ASMRs for all cancers decreased annually by 2.3%,driven by significant declines in esophageal(4.8%),stomach(4.5%),and liver cancers(2.7%).In contrast,the pancreatic and prostate cancer ASMRs increased by 2.0% and 3.4% annually,respectively.Urban areas demonstrated a more rapid decline in the combined ASMRs for all cancers[average annual percent change(AAPC)=-3.0% in urban areas vs.-2.0% in rural areas],highlighting persistent disparities.Population aging contributed 20%-50% to death increases between 2013 and 2021.The combined ASMRs for all cancers,like the findings of temporal trend analyses,will continue to decrease and the regional(urban and rural)difference is projected to simulate that of the temporal trend through 2030.In fact,cancer deaths are projected to reach 2.4 million by 2030.Conclusions:The cancer burden in China is facing the dual challenges of population aging and urban-rural disparities.It is necessary to prioritize rural screening,control risk factors,such as smoking and diet,and integrate more efficacious cancer prevention and control programmes into the policy to reduce mortality in the future.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52034002 and U2202254)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-TT-19-001)。
文摘The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82071307(to HL),82271362(to HL),82171294(to JW),82371303(to JW),and 82301460(to PX)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,No.BK20211552(to HL)+1 种基金Suzhou Medical Technology Innovation Project-Clinical Frontier,No.SKY2022002(to ZY)the Science and Education Foundation for Health of Suzhou for Youth,No.KJXW2023001(to XL)。
文摘Differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes contributes to remyelination.Failure of remyelination due to oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death can result in severe nerve damage.Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death caused by membrane rupture induced by lipid peroxidation,and plays an important role in the pathological process of ischemic stroke.However,there are few studies on oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ferroptosis.We analyzed transcriptome sequencing data from GEO databases and identified a role of ferroptosis in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and myelin injury after cerebral ischemia.Bioinformatics analysis suggested that perilipin-2(PLIN2)was involved in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ferroptosis.PLIN2 is a lipid storage protein and a marker of hypoxia-sensitive lipid droplet accumulation.For further investigation,we established a mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.We found significant myelin damage after cerebral ischemia,as well as oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and increased lipid peroxidation levels around the infarct area.The ferroptosis inhibitor,ferrostatin-1,rescued oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and subsequent myelin injury.We also found increased PLIN2 levels in the peri-infarct area that co-localized with oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.Plin2 knockdown rescued demyelination and improved neurological deficits.Our findings suggest that targeting PLIN2 to regulate oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ferroptosis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for rescuing myelin damage after cerebral ischemia.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2024YFF0506603)the Independent Research Foundation of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) (Grant Nos. SML2023SP201 and SML2021SP306)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (Grant No. 2024A1515012717)the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) (Grant Nos. 313021004, 313022009 and 313022001)the Program of Innovation 2030 on Smart Ocean, Zhejiang University
文摘The heat content(HC)of water masses on the Ross Sea continental shelf plays an important role in regulating the circulations and the basal melting of the Ross Ice Shelf(RIS).Yet,the evolution of the HC on the Ross Sea continental shelf is still not clear due to the sparsity of observations.By employing a coupled regional ocean-sea ice-ice shelf model for the Ross Sea,this study analyzes the heat budget of water masses over the continental shelf and in the RIS cavity.According to the topographic features and the HC density,the continental shelf region is divided into 17 subdomains.The heat budget of the middle layer for every subdomain is analyzed.In addition,the heat budget for the RIS cavity is assessed for the first time.Owing to Modified Circumpolar Deep Water intrusion,water masses over the eastern shelf are warmer than over the western shelf,with the coldest water identified in the southwestern inner shelf.The horizontal heat flux mainly provides heat to the continental shelf,while the atmospheric forcing tends to warm up the ocean during the ice-melting period and cool down the ocean during the ice-freezing period.The vertical heat flux is generally upward and transports heat from the deep layer to the upper layer.In the RIS cavity,the seasonal cycle of the HC is dominated by the horizontal flux across the RIS front rather than the basal thermal forcing of the RIS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42271003,42301001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.lzujbky-2022-ey09)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.GZB20230275)Supercomputing Center of Lanzhou University。
文摘Arid regions are vital components of Earth’s land surface.Clarifying the area/boundary of arid region is crucial for comprehending area changes and potential mechanisms.However,the accuracy and applicability of arid region boundary delineated by different indices remain unclear.In this study,the annual precipitation(AP),humidity index(H),and aridity index(K)were calculated for delineating arid region of China using 106 meteorological stations during 1990–2019.The results suggest that AP and H can accurately delineate arid region,because they are consistent with the distribution of typical soil and vegetation in arid region,whereas K is not.Moreover,AP is the best index for delineating arid region in regions with limited meteorological data,especially in studying long-term patterns and mechanisms of area changes.The accuracy of delineating arid region using H is enhanced in regions with abundant meteorological data.Over the past 30 years,influenced by the increase of atmospheric moisture influx and precipitation,the area in arid region of northwestern China decreased by 70×10^(3)–90×10^(3)km^(2),resulting in the present area of approximately 1.55×10^(6)km^(2).This study provides appropriate indices for delineating arid region,contributing to improving our knowledge of regional responses difference to climate change.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos.81971151 (to YW), 82102528 (to XL), 82102583 (to LW)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China, Nos.2020A1515010265 (to YW), 2020A1515110679 (to XL), and 2021A1515010358 (to XL)
文摘Invasive inflammation and excessive scar formation are the main reasons for the difficulty in repairing nervous tissue after spinal cord injury.Microglia and astrocytes play key roles in the spinal cord injury micro-environment and share a close interaction.However,the mechanisms involved remain unclear.In this study,we found that after spinal cord injury,resting microglia(M0)were polarized into pro-inflammatory phenotypes(MG1 and MG3),while resting astrocytes were polarized into reactive and scar-forming phenotypes.The expression of growth arrest-specific 6(Gas6)and its receptor Axl were significantly down-regulated in microglia and astrocytes after spinal cord injury.In vitro experiments showed that Gas6 had negative effects on the polarization of reactive astrocytes and pro-inflammatory microglia,and even inhibited the cross-regulation between them.We further demonstrated that Gas6 can inhibit the polarization of reactive astrocytes by suppressing the activation of the Yes-associated protein signaling pathway.This,in turn,inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia by suppressing the activation of the nuclear factor-κB/p65 and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways.In vivo experiments showed that Gas6 inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia and reactive astrocytes in the injured spinal cord,thereby promoting tissue repair and motor function recovery.Overall,Gas6 may play a role in the treatment of spinal cord injury.It can inhibit the inflammatory pathway of microglia and polarization of astrocytes,attenuate the interaction between microglia and astrocytes in the inflammatory microenvironment,and thereby alleviate local inflammation and reduce scar formation in the spinal cord.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22162007)the Science and Technology Supporting Project of Guizhou Province(Nos.[2021]480 and[2023]379)+1 种基金Wengfu(Group)Co.,Ltd.Technology Development Project(No.WH-220787(YF))the project from Guizhou Institute of Innovation and development of dual-carbon and new energy technologies(No.DCRE-2023-05)。
文摘Lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO_(4),LFP)batteries have shown extensive adoption in power applications in recent years for their reliable safety,high theoretical capability and low cost.Nevertheless,the finite lifespan of these batteries necessitates the future processing of a significant number of spent LFP batteries,underscoring the urgent need for the development of both efficient and eco-friendly recycling methods.This study combines the advantages of wet leaching and direct regeneration methods,leveraging citric acid's multifaceted role to streamline the combined leaching and hydrothermal processes.Results indicate that citric acid efficiently leaches all elements from spent LFP batteries.Furthermore,through its unique structure,it enhances hydrothermal regeneration by stabilizing metal ions and controlling crystal growth,and also acts as a carbon source for the surface carbon coating of regenerated LFP(RLFP).The R-LFP shows outstanding electrochemical stability,achieving a discharge capacity of 155.1 mAh.g^(-1)at 0.1C,with a capacity retention rate of 93.2%after 300 cycles at 1C.Furthermore,economic and environmental analyses demonstrate this method's superior cost-effectiveness and sustainability.Therefore,the method proposed in this study is efficient,simple and avoids the complex process of element separation,innovatively using a single reagent to achieve closed-loop recycling of LFP batteries,providing a novel and effective solution for the resource sustainability application.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22307009,82374155,82073997,82104376)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2023NSFSC1108,2024NSFTD0023)+1 种基金the Postdoctoral Research Project of Sichuan Provincethe Xinglin Scholar Research Promotion Project of Chengdu University of TCM.
文摘Background:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),characterized by its lack of traditional hormone receptors and HER2,presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its poor response to conventional therapies.Autophagy is an important process for maintaining cellular homeostasis,and there are currently autophagy biomarkers that play an effective role in the clinical treatment of tumors.In contrast to targeting protein activity,intervention with proteinprotein interaction(PPI)can avoid unrelated crosstalk and regulate the autophagy process with minimal interference pathways.Methods:Here,we employed Naive Bayes,Decision Tree,and k-Nearest Neighbors to elucidate the complex PPI network associated with autophagy in TNBC,aiming to uncover novel therapeutic targets.Meanwhile,the candidate proteins interacting with Beclin 2 were initially screened in MDA-MB-231 cells using Beclin 2 as bait protein by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay,and the interaction relationship was verified by molecular docking and CO-IP experiments after intersection.Colony formation,cellular immunofluorescence,cell scratch and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)tests were used to predict the clinical therapeutic effects of manipulating candidate PPI.Results:By developing three PPI classification models and analyzing over 13,000 datasets,we identified 3733 previously unknown autophagy-related PPIs.Our network analysis revealed the central role of Beclin 2 in autophagy regulation,uncovering its interactions with 39 newly identified proteins.Notably,the CO-IP studies identified the substantial interaction between Beclin 2 and Ubiquilin 1,which was anticipated by our model and discovered in immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay results.Subsequently,in vitro investigations showed that overexpressing Beclin 2 increased Ubiquilin 1,promoted autophagy-dependent cell death,and inhibited proliferation and metastasis in MDA-MB-231 cells.Conclusions:This study not only enhances our understanding of autophagy regulation in TNBC but also identifies the Beclin 2-Ubiquilin 1 axis as a promising target for precision therapy.These findings open new avenues for drug discovery and offer inspiration for more effective treatments for this aggressive cancer subtype.
基金Supported by Central Government Funds for Guiding Local Scientific and Technological Development(24ZYQF002)Major Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province(24ZDNF001)+1 种基金National Key R&D Program"Exploration and Utilization of Disease-and Pest-Resistant and High-Yield Gene Resources in Maize"(2022YDF1201800)Key Laboratory of Mechanized Maize Variety Creation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.
文摘The intensification of global warming has led to the continuous outbreak of southern rust(Puccinia polysora Underw.)in major maize-producing regions worldwide.The severe outbreak in the Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize region of China in 2021 caused yield losses exceeding 50%in some plots,and this disease has been included in the List of Key Crop Pests and Diseases.This paper systematically reviews the molecular resistance mechanisms of maize to southern rust,focusing on the immune mechanisms mediated by NLR family genes and the characteristics of the Bin 10.01 resistance gene cluster;it summarizes the advances in research of molecular breeding technologies such as gene marker development,map-based cloning,and gene editing;combined with the disease characteristics of the spring-sown maize region in Southwest China and the summer-sown maize region in Huang-Huai-Hai,it elaborates on regionally adapted prevention and control strategies;integrating breeding practices of Dunhuang Seed Industry Group(e.g.,Dunyu 810 and Dunyan 616),it proposes a full-chain solution of"precision gene pyramiding-heterotic group utilization-regional promotion".It is expected to provide theoretical and technical references for molecular breeding of maize resistance to southern rust.
文摘Case Letter Severe trauma has high morbidity and mortality rates,being the leading cause of death in young adults.Among all traumas,tra ffi c injuries are particularly lethal.^([1-2]) The injury severity score(ISS) can be used to assess trauma severity,with ISS of<9,9–15,16–24,and≥25 indicating minor,moderate,severe,and critical trauma,respectively.The ISS is correlated with mortality,morbidity,and hospitalization duration after injury.^([3-4]) Here,we report one patient who was admitted to our emergency intensive care unit(EICU) due to traumatic liver rupture and traumatic myocardial infarction complicated with inferior vena cava(IVC) thrombosis.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA0805000,2023YFA1800600,2019YFE0106700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92268114,31970782,32070819)+1 种基金the High-level Hospital Construction Project of GuangdongProvincial People'sHospital(DFJHBF202103 and KJ012021012)BGI grant(BGIRSZ20210002).
文摘The axolotl is broadly used in regenerative, developmental, and evolutionary biology research. Targeted gene knock-in is crucial for precision transgenesis, enabling disease modeling, visualization, tracking, and functional manipulation of specific cells or genes of interest(GOIs). Existing CRISPR/Cas9-mediated homology-independent method for gene knock-in often causes “scars/indels” at integration junctions.Here, we develop a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated semi-homology-directed recombination(HDR) knock-in method using a donor construct containing a single homology arm for the precise integration of GOIs.This semi-HDR approach achieves seamless single-end integration of the Cherry reporter gene and a large inducible Cre cassette into intronless genes like Sox2 and Neurod6 in axolotls, which are challenging to modify with the homology-independent method. Additionally, we integrate the inducible Cre cassette into intron-containing loci(e.g., Nkx2.2 and FoxA2) without introducing indels via semi-HDR. GOIs are properly expressed in F0 founders, with approximately 5%-10% showing precise integration confirmed by genotyping. Furthermore, using the Nkx2.2:CreER^(T2)line, we fate-map spinal cord p3 neural progenitor cells,revealing that Nkx2.2^(+) cells adopt different lineages in development and regeneration, preferentially generating motoneurons over oligodendrocytes during regeneration. Overall, this semi-HDR method balances efficiency and precision in the integration of GOIs, providing a valuable tool for generating knock-in axolotls and potentially extending to other species.
文摘Dear Editor,This letter proposes a novel dynamic vision-enabled intelligent micro-vibration estimation method with spatiotemporal pattern consistency.Inspired by biological vision,dynamic vision data are collected by the event camera,which is able to capture the micro-vibration information of mechanical equipment,due to the significant advantage of extremely high temporal sampling frequency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,No.52271138)the Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province(Nos.2023-YBGY-433 and 2024GX-YBXM-356)+1 种基金Xi'an Talent Program Young Innovative Talents(No.XAYC 2023030)the Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Shaanxi Province(No.S2024-JC-QN-2642).
文摘Synergistically and simultaneously enhancing strength and ductility has been a major challenge for the development and applications of titanium matrix composites.Herein,a new design methodology for Ti_(2)Cu/Ti_(6)Al4V composites with superior strength and ductility is reported.
基金Supported by the School-Level Project Fund of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College,No.Ygzrc2023109the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission,No.KJQN202302822+1 种基金the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in The Public Interest,No.201303040-05the Special Project for Fundamental Work of Science and Technology,No.2013FY110600-03.
文摘BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis are global medical challenges that require safe and effective treatments.In the past two decades,there has been a surge in research on stem cell therapy for liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the research hotspots and trends in this field through bibliometrics.sters was conducted.RESULTS As of September 20,2024,a total of 1935 documents were retrieved dating from 2004 to 2024,with 1186 strongly relevant publications obtained after screening.China,the United States,and Japan were the major contributors in this field.Cairo University,Zhejiang University and Yamaguchi University were the major institution in this field.The journal Stem Cell Research&Therapy published the most papers.There were 686 authors,with Shuji Terai,Isao Sakaida,Soon Koo Baik,and Lanjuan Li publishing the most papers.The research focused on alcoholic cirrhosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.The emerging areas of interest were extracellular vesicles,exosomes,and their enriched microRNAs.The field is experiencing rapid growth due to the changing research trends and increasing literature.CONCLUSION These findings provide a thorough overview of stem cell therapy in the field of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.
基金Supported by CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences,No.2021-I2M-1-002Healthcare Quality and Safety Incubation Programme of the Peking Union Medical Foundation,No.XHFY 2406the National High-Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding,No.2022-PUMCH-B-015.
文摘BACKGROUND Exogenous insulin may trigger immune-mediated complications,particularly among East Asian populations.Double diabetes,characterized by overlapping features of type 1 diabetes(T1D)and type 2 diabetes(T2D),may arise from insulin-induced autoimmunity.This study aimed to explore the association between high-risk human leukocyte antigen(HLA)class Ⅱ genotypes and susceptibility to double diabetes in patients initially diagnosed with T2D.AIM To investigate clinical and immunogenic features of patients who develop double diabetes following exogenous insulin therapy.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed five cases from Peking Union Medical College Hospital and 18 cases identified from published literature.Patients were categorized into two groups:The T2D→T1D group,characterized by autoimmune progression,and the stable T2D(T2D→T2D).Clinical characteristics and HLA class Ⅱ genotypes were compared descriptively between the two groups.RESULTS A total of 23 patients were included in the analysis.Of these,10 progressed from theT2D→T1D with autoimmune features,while 13 remained in the stable T2D→T2D group.There was no statistically significant difference in age at diagnosis between the two groups(57.10±16.11 years vs 60.31±17.41 years).In the T2D→T1D group,70%of patients carried the HLA-DRB104:05 allele and 40%carried DRB109:01,both of which are commonly associated with a high risk of T1D.In contrast,the T2D→T2D group showed greater genetic heterogeneity,with a broader distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles,including DRB103:02(n=4),DRB109:01(n=4),and several lower frequency alleles such as DRB1*04:05,*08:03,*03:01,*04:06,*14:01,*04:01,*12:02,*15:02 and*02:01.CONCLUSION These findings suggest that patients in the T2D→T1D group exhibit a stronger autoimmune genetic predisposition,characterized by an enrichment of high-risk HLA class II alleles.In contrast,individuals with stable T2D demonstrate greater HLA diversity and lack definitive autoimmune-associated markers.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82222075).
文摘Objective:To investigate the potential targets and mechanisms of Draconis Sanguis(DS),a valuable traditional Chinese medicine derived from the resin of the palm tree Daemonorops draco Bl(D.Sanguis,Xue Jie),in the treatment of myocardial infarction(MI).Methods:We explored the potential mechanisms of DS in the treatment of MI using network pharmacology,bioinformatic techniques,and transcriptomic analysis,followed by validation through in vivo and in vitro experiments.Results:Network pharmacology and bioinformatic analyses identified five genes(Fpr1,Glul,Mme,Mmp9,and Pla2g7)as potential targets for MI treatment.Moreover,DS significantly ameliorated cardiac function,inflammatory responses,and MI-induced myocardial fibrosis in vivo.Transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses identified Pla2g7 as the most critical target in the DS treatment of MI.Molecular docking revealed that the key active ingredient in DS has a strong affinity for this gene.Furthermore,DS reduced the expression of Pla2g7(P=.0009),NLRP3(P=.003),interleukin-18(P<.001),and interleukin-1b(P=.004)mRNAs in vivo.Conclusions:The results indicate that DS can downregulate the expression of Pla2g7 and reduce the inflammatory response.This demonstrates the potential therapeutic target of DS and the mechanism underlying its cardioprotective effects.
基金funded by NARI Group’s Independent Project of China(Grant No.524609230125)the Foundation of NARI-TECH Nanjing Control System Ltd.of China(Grant No.0914202403120020).
文摘Studies to enhance the management of electrical energy have gained considerable momentum in recent years. The question of how much energy will be needed in households is a pressing issue as it allows the management plan of the available resources at the power grids and consumer levels. A non-intrusive inference process can be adopted to predict the amount of energy required by appliances. In this study, an inference process of appliance consumption based on temporal and environmental factors used as a soft sensor is proposed. First, a study of the correlation between the electrical and environmental variables is presented. Then, a resampling process is applied to the initial data set to generate three other subsets of data. All the subsets were evaluated to deduce the adequate granularity for the prediction of the energy demand. Then, a cloud-assisted deep neural network model is designed to forecast short-term energy consumption in a residential area while preserving user privacy. The solution is applied to the consumption data of four appliances elected from a set of real household power data. The experiment results show that the proposed framework is effective for estimating consumption with convincing accuracy.
基金supported by the Technology Innovation Special Major Project of Hubei Province(grant number 2022BCA003).
文摘Objective The lack of clarity regarding the application performance of a hybrid operating room(HOR)and the uncertainty of surgical scheduling often lead to its inefficient application.This study aimed to review the clinical application of our neurosurgical HOR and propose a scale to score cases clearly.Methods We reviewed the operating procedures and duration of stay in 1865 HOR cases.The actual procedures of each case were summarized into 5 application types,and numerical assignment was used to distinguish the dependence of each type on our HOR:surgical procedures combined with interventional procedures(4 points,the highest dependence),surgical procedures combined with imaging procedures(3 points),interventional procedures(2 points),imaging procedures(1 point),and surgical procedures(0 points,the lowest dependence).Results A novel scale that could score 1865 cases into those 5 grades was developed.The percentages by grade were as follows:4 points,4.24%;3 points,4.88%;2 points,20.75%;1 point,69.38%;and 0 points,0.75%.The cumulative usage time was 4241.9 h,the duration of which was as follows:4 points,16.17%;3 points,15.50%;2 points,31.32%;1 point,35.62%;and 0 points,1.39%.Conclusions The HOR serves as a multifunctional room to treat neurosurgical diseases.The scale helps to quickly prioritize cases that rely more on HOR,providing guidelines for surgical scheduling.Although our HOR is unsuitable for emergency cases,it clearly shows the application performance of our HOR to provide a reference for promoting its efficient application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51472220 and 51872265)Collaborative Innovation Major Special Project of Zhengzhou(No.20XTZX12025)+1 种基金Program for Leading Talents of Science and Technology in the Central Plain of China 2022(No.234200510002)Key Scientific Research Projects of Henan Higher Education Institutions(No.25A150016).
文摘Due to the global energy shortage,it has become essential to reduce energy consumption in the steelmaking process in order to promote the sustainable development of the metallurgical industry.The limitations of traditional ladle insulation materials were addressed by using kaolin as the main raw material in combination with foam-gelcasting technique for in-situ synthesis of porous anorthite thermal insulation materials.Concurrently,the effects of sintering temperature and time on the composition of the physical phases,microstructure and physical properties were elucidated.The results showed that anorthite was the main phase obtained in sintering temperature range of 1200-1450℃,and edges of anorthite grains were well defined and well developed,presenting a plate-like morphology,which significantly improved mechanical strength of sample.The best overall performance was achieved at a firing temperature of 1400℃ and a holding time of 3 h.Compared to conventional ladle thermal insulation materials,samples developed herein showed excellent performance with a porosity of 63.3%,a compressive strength of 14.51 MPa,and an ultra-low thermal conductivity of only 0.29 W/(m K).
文摘We read with great interest the article by Cao et al on 15 cases of emphysematous pancreatitis(EP).The study highlights the high mortality rate associated with EP and emphasizes the role of next-generation sequencing(NGS)in identifying its etiology.Additionally,it suggests treatment strategies such as antimicrobial therapy and early percutaneous catheter drainage,which may improve patient outcomes.However,we have identified certain limitations related to case selection,the evaluation of NGS technology,and the timing of computed tomography scans.To enhance the study’s findings,we recommend expanding the study population,systematically evaluating the role of NGS in EP,and providing a more detailed analysis of the antibiotic initiation and duration.Furthermore,specifying the timing of computed tomography scans would improve clarity.Addressing these concerns could strengthen the study’s contribution to the evidence-based management of EP,offering valuable insights for clinical practice.
基金supported by the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(Grant No.2021-I2M-1-011)the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(Grant No.CFH2024-2G-40214).
文摘Objective:This study aimed to analyze the temporal trends in cancer mortality in China from 2013-2021 and project the future trends through 2030.Methods:This study was based on the China Causes of Death Surveillance Dataset,which covers 2.37 billion person-years.Age-standardized mortality rates(ASMRs)were calculated using Segi’s world standard population and the trends were evaluated via Joinpoint regression.Bayesian age-period-cohort models were used for mortality projections.Contributions of demographic changes(population size and age structure)and risk factors to the mortality burden were quantified using the decomposition analysis.Results:The combined ASMRs for all cancers decreased annually by 2.3%,driven by significant declines in esophageal(4.8%),stomach(4.5%),and liver cancers(2.7%).In contrast,the pancreatic and prostate cancer ASMRs increased by 2.0% and 3.4% annually,respectively.Urban areas demonstrated a more rapid decline in the combined ASMRs for all cancers[average annual percent change(AAPC)=-3.0% in urban areas vs.-2.0% in rural areas],highlighting persistent disparities.Population aging contributed 20%-50% to death increases between 2013 and 2021.The combined ASMRs for all cancers,like the findings of temporal trend analyses,will continue to decrease and the regional(urban and rural)difference is projected to simulate that of the temporal trend through 2030.In fact,cancer deaths are projected to reach 2.4 million by 2030.Conclusions:The cancer burden in China is facing the dual challenges of population aging and urban-rural disparities.It is necessary to prioritize rural screening,control risk factors,such as smoking and diet,and integrate more efficacious cancer prevention and control programmes into the policy to reduce mortality in the future.
