Developing high-efficient flame-retardant coatings is crucial for fire safety polymer and battery fields.Traditional intumescent coatings and ceramifiable coatings struggle to provide immediate and prolonged protectio...Developing high-efficient flame-retardant coatings is crucial for fire safety polymer and battery fields.Traditional intumescent coatings and ceramifiable coatings struggle to provide immediate and prolonged protection simultaneously,which limits the applicability.To address this,an innovative bi-layered coating with organic/nano-inorganic additives is inspired by differential response behaviors,enabling relay response effect with both fast-acting and extended protection.Specifically,two layers function continuously in the form of a relay.With a mere 320 microns,the bi-layered coating withstands fire temperatures of up to 1400℃for at least 900 s.Consequently,the coating effective prevented burn through in aluminum plates and glass fabric-reinforced epoxy resin,which otherwise were burned through in 135 and 173 s,respectively.Meanwhile,the bi-layered coating suppressed the formation and decomposition of solid interface layer in lithium soft-package batteries,leading to prolonged electrochemical stability and fire safety.Additionally,the bi-layered coating with a fast response endows polyurethane foam with rapid self-extinguishing,preventing ignition even under exposure to strong fire of 1400℃.Shortly,our work offers new insights into the design and development of thin,high-performance,and multi-application flame-retardant coatings.展开更多
Creating economical and effective catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is essential for enhancing the efficiency of electrochemical water splitting.In this study,we designed a multicomponent heterogeneous i...Creating economical and effective catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is essential for enhancing the efficiency of electrochemical water splitting.In this study,we designed a multicomponent heterogeneous interfacial catalyst,Ni(OH)_(2)/NiCo(OH)_(6)@FeOOH,using a simple two-step method.In situ Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)measurements revealed the dynamic phase change occurring during the OER process.The FeOOH layer on Ni(OH)_(2)/NiCo(OH)_(6)altered the electronic structure,facilitating the emergence of the active NiOOH phase and markedly improving OER kinetics.Significantly,the Ni(OH)_(2)/NiCo(OH)_(6)@FeOOH 2:1 catalyst demonstrated a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2)at an overpotential of merely 208 mV,accompanied by a Tafel slope of 37.72 mV·dec-1,exhibiting exceptional stability over a duration of 100 h at 10 mA·cm^(-2).Furthermore,the Ni(OH)_(2)/NiCo(OH)_(6)@FeOOH 2:1(+)lIPt/C(-)electrolyzer cell showcased a remarkably low driving voltage of 1.52 V to achieve 10 mA·cm^(-2),while also displaying impressive durability under alkaline conditions for over100 h.This work enhances our understanding of the interfacial structure-activity relationship in composite catalysts,aiding the design of efficient catalysts with rapid kinetics.展开更多
The sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)process impedes the exploration of green hydrogen via water splitting.Herein,we design and synthesize vanadium-doped CoSn(OH)_(6)perovskite hydroxide catalyst...The sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)process impedes the exploration of green hydrogen via water splitting.Herein,we design and synthesize vanadium-doped CoSn(OH)_(6)perovskite hydroxide catalysts by Fe^(3+)etching during the hydrothermal and chemical deposition process.The as-prepared CoVSn(OH)_(6)@CoVSnFe(OH)_(x)-4 catalyst exhibits a lowoverpotential of 225 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2)with a Tafel slope of 30.47 mV·dec^(-1).An overall water splitting electrolyzer(CoVSn(OH)_(6)@CoVSnFe(OH)_(x)-4‖Pt/C)is constructed,delivering a voltage of 1.48 V at a current density of10 mA·cm^(-2)with excellent durability.The dynamic phase evolution during the OER process is revealed by in situ Raman and XPS measurement,which represents that the introduced V and Fe ions facilitate the formation of active CoOOH as well as modify the electronic structure of the catalyst.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations further evidence that V and Fe introduction optimize the adsorption energies of oxygen intermediates*OH and*O,respectively,thereby enabling a synergistic optimization of the multi-step OER process and advancing electrocatalytic performance.展开更多
Background:Zearalenone(ZEA)is a resorcylic acid lactone derivative derived from various Fusarium species that are widely found in food and feeds.The molecular structure of ZEA resembles that of the mammalian hormone 1...Background:Zearalenone(ZEA)is a resorcylic acid lactone derivative derived from various Fusarium species that are widely found in food and feeds.The molecular structure of ZEA resembles that of the mammalian hormone 17β-oestradiol,thus zearalenone and its metabolites are known to compete with endogenous hormones for estrogen receptors binding sites and to activate transcription of oestrogen-responsive genes.However,the effect of long-term low-dose ZEA exposure on the reproductive response to Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G culture for first-parity gilts has not yet been investigated.This study was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of ZEA as an estrogen receptor selective modulator and the alleviating effects of Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G cultures as ZEA biodegraders in pregnant sows during their first parity.Results:A total of 80 first-parity gilts(Yorkshire×Landrace)were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments during gestation:CO(positive control);MO(negative control,246μg ZEA/kg diet);COA(CO+B.subtilis ANSB01G culture with 2×10^(9)CFU/kg diet);MOA(MO+B.subtilis ANSB01G culture with 2×10^(9)CFU/kg diet).There were 20 replications per treatment with one gilt per replicate.Feeding low-dose ZEA naturally contaminated diets disordered most of reproductive hormones secretion and affected estrogen receptor-αand estrogen receptor-βconcentrations in serum and specific organs and led to moderate histopathological changes of gilts,but did not cause significant detrimental effects on reproductive performance.The addition of Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G culture to the diet can effectively relieve the competence of ZEA to estrogen receptor and the disturbance of reproductive hormones secretion,and then ameliorate toxicosis of ZEA in gilts.Conclusions:Collectively,our study investigated the effects of feeding low-dose ZEA on reproduction in pregnant sows during their first parity.Feeding low-dose ZEA could modulate estrogen receptor-αand-βconcentrations in specific organs,cause disturbance of reproductive hormones and vulva swelling,and damage organ histopathology and up-regulate apoptosis in sow models.Diet with Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G alleviated negative effects of the ZEA on gilts to some extent.展开更多
The photocatalytic performance of g-C_(3)N_(4) for CO_(2) conversion is still inadequate by several shortfalls including the instability,insu cient solar light absorption and rapid charge carrier's recombination r...The photocatalytic performance of g-C_(3)N_(4) for CO_(2) conversion is still inadequate by several shortfalls including the instability,insu cient solar light absorption and rapid charge carrier's recombination rate. To solve these problems,herein,noble metals(Pt and Au)decorated Sr-incorporated g-C_(3)N_(4) photocatalysts are fabricated via the simple calcination and photo-deposition methods. The Sr-incorporation remarkably reduced the g-C_(3)N_(4) band gap from 2.7 to 2.54 eV,as evidenced by the UV–visible absorption spectra and the density functional theory results. The CO_(2) conversion performance of the catalysts was evaluated under visible light irradiation. The Pt/0.15 Sr-CN sample produced 48.55 and 74.54 μmol h-1 g-1 of CH_(4) and CO,respectively.These amounts are far greater than that produced by the Au/0.15 Sr-CN,0.15 Sr-CN,and CN samples. A high quantum e ciency of 2.92% is predicted for the Pt/0.15 Sr-CN sample. Further,the stability of the photocatalyst is confirmed via the photocatalytic recyclable test. The improved CO_(2) conversion performance of the catalyst is accredited to the promoted light absorption and remarkably enhanced charge separation via the Sr-incorporated mid gap states and the localized surface plasmon resonance e ect induced by noble metal nanoparticles.This work will provide a new approach for promoting the catalytic e ciency of g-C_(3)N_(4) for e cient solar fuel production.展开更多
The circadian rhythm is an endogenous time keeping system shared by most organisms. The circadian clock is comprised of both peripheral oscillators in most organ tissues of the body and a central pacemaker located in ...The circadian rhythm is an endogenous time keeping system shared by most organisms. The circadian clock is comprised of both peripheral oscillators in most organ tissues of the body and a central pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus （SCN） of the central nervous system. The circadian rhythm is crucial in maintaining the normal physiology of the organism including, but not limited to, cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and cellular metabolism; whereas disruption of the circadian rhythm is closely related to multi-tumorigenesis. In the past several years, studies from different fields have revealed that the genetic or functional disruption of the molecular circadian rhythm has been found in various cancers, such as breast, prostate, and ovarian. In this review, we will investigate and present an overview of the current research on the influence of circadian rhythm regulating proteins on breast cancer.展开更多
Water security is under threat worldwide from climate change. A warming climate would accelerate evaporationand cryosphere melting, leading to reduced water availability and unpredictable water supply. However, thewat...Water security is under threat worldwide from climate change. A warming climate would accelerate evaporationand cryosphere melting, leading to reduced water availability and unpredictable water supply. However, thewater crisis in the Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountains(NSTM) faces dual challenges because water demandsforfast-growing urban areas have put heavy pressure on water resources. The mountain-oasis-desert system featuresglacier-fed rivers that sustain intensive water use in the oasis and end in the desert as fragile terminal lakes.The complex balance between water conservation and economic development is subtle. This paper investigateschanges in hydroclimatic variables and water security-related issues on the NSTM. The spatiotemporal variationsin glaciers, climatic variables, rivers, lakes and reservoirs, groundwater, surface water, human water use, andstreamflow were analyzed for the past four decades. The results show that temperature in the NSTM exhibitedan apparent upward trend with a more significant warming rate in the higher altitude regions. Glacier massloss and shrinkage was strong. The average annual streamflow increased from 1980-1989 to 2006–2011 at mosthydrological stations. The monthly dynamics of surface water area showed notable variability at both inter-annual and seasonal scales, revealing the impacts of both natural and anthropogenic drivers on surface wateravailability in the region. The terrestrial water storage anomaly showed a decreasing trend, which might berelated to groundwater pumping for irrigation. Human water use for agriculture and industry grew with theincrease in cultivated land area and gross domestic product (GDP). The increased agricultural water use wasstrongly associated with the expansion of oases. It is unclear whether water availability would remain high underfuture climatic and hydrological uncertainties, posing challenges to water management. In the context of rapidurban growth and climate change, balancing water for humans and nature is vital in achieving the SustainableDevelopment Goals (SDGs) in NSTM. This study provides a baseline understanding of the interplay among water,climate change, and socio-economic development in NSTM. It would also shed light on wise water managementunder environmental changes for other rapidly developing mountain-oasis-desert systems worldwide.展开更多
Poly（1,8-octanediol-co-citrate） （POC） represents a new promising biocompatible and biodegradable polyester that has been extensively investigated for soft tissue engineering. However, the poor mechanical performan...Poly（1,8-octanediol-co-citrate） （POC） represents a new promising biocompatible and biodegradable polyester that has been extensively investigated for soft tissue engineering. However, the poor mechanical performance and poor bioactivity limit its application in bone regeneration. In this study, a series of POC/bioactive glasses （BG） composites were developed using 45S5 Bioglass^Θ and a phytic acid- derived bioactive glass （referred as PSC）. The results indicated that calcium in BG could enhance the crosslinking of the POC/BG composites by forming calcium dicarboxylate bridges and thus improve their mechanical performances. When PSC were used, the composites exhibited significantly better mechanical properties compared to composites with 45S5 Bioglass^Θ. For example, by incorporating 70wt% PSC, the compressive strength of POC/PSC composites could be improved to approximately 50 MPa and modulus 1.3-h 0.1 GPa. Furthermore, all these POC/PSC composites showed good in vitro bioactivity and cellular biocompatibility. Histology results in femoral condyle defects of Sprague-Dawley rats indicated that the POC/PSC samples integrated well with surrounding tissues and stimulated bone regeneration. The improved mechanical properties and bioactivity of POC/PSC composites make them promising for potential application in bone regeneration.展开更多
The aim of this work was to improve the thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding of the leakage proof phase change materials(PCMs),in which a polyrotaxane(PLR)was used as a support material to encapsulate PE...The aim of this work was to improve the thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding of the leakage proof phase change materials(PCMs),in which a polyrotaxane(PLR)was used as a support material to encapsulate PEG 1k or PEG 6k and MXene as multi-functional filler.The PCMs can be processed conveniently by a hot press and the PEG 1k containing samples showed excellent flexibility.We conducted a systematic evaluation of the phase transition behavior of the material,thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance tests.Notably,the PCMs achieved a high enthalpy values(123.9–159.6 J/g).The PCMs exhibited an increase of 44.3%,and 137.5%in thermal conductivity values with higher MXene content(5 wt%)for PLR-PEG6k and PLR-PEG1k,respectively,and show high shape stability and no leakage during and after phase transition.The introduction of MXene can significantly improve the electromagnetic shielding performance of PCM composites.Typically,higher conductive samples(samples which contain high MXene contents)offer a higher EMI SE shielding,reaching a maximum of 4.67 dB at 5.6 GHz for PLR-1K-MX5.These improvements solve the main problems of organic PEG based PCMs,thus making PLR-PEG-MXene based PCMs good candidates for thermoregulators of both solid-state disks and smart phone.It is worth pointing out that the sample PLR-1k-MX5 can decrease 4.3C of the reference temperature during cellphone running.Moreover,the temperature of the protecting sheet in the simulated solid state disk with PCM was significantly lower(showing a decreasing of 7.9℃)compared with the blank sample.展开更多
BACKGROUND The immunosuppressive capacity of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)is dependent on the“license”of several proinflammatory factors to express immunosuppressive factors such as programmed cell death 1 ligand 1(P...BACKGROUND The immunosuppressive capacity of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)is dependent on the“license”of several proinflammatory factors to express immunosuppressive factors such as programmed cell death 1 ligand 1(PD-L1),which determines the clinical therapeutic efficacy of MSCs for inflammatory or immune diseases.In MSCs,interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)is a key inducer of PD-L1 expression,which is synergistically enhanced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α);however,the underlying mechanism is unclear.AIM To reveal the mechanism of pretreated MSCs express high PD-L1 and explore the application of pretreated MSCs in ulcerative colitis.METHODS We assessed PD-L1 expression in human umbilical-cord-derived MSCs(hUC-MSCs)induced by IFN-γand TNF-α,alone or in combination.Additionally,we performed signal pathway inhibitor experiments as well as RNA interference experiments to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which IFN-γalone or in combination with TNF-αinduces PD-L1 expression.Moreover,we used luciferase reporter gene experiments to verify the binding sites of the transcription factors of each signal transduction pathway to the targeted gene promoters.Finally,we evaluated the immunosuppressive capacity of hUC-MSCs treated with IFN-γand TNF-αin both an in vitro mixed lymphocyte culture assay,and in vivo in mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis.RESULTS Our results suggest that IFN-γinduction alone upregulates PD-L1 expression in hUC-MSCs while TNF-αalone does not,and that the co-induction of IFN-γand TNF-αpromotes higher expression of PD-L1.IFN-γinduces hUCMSCs to express PD-L1,in which IFN-γactivates the JAK/STAT1 signaling pathway,up-regulates the expression of the interferon regulatory factor 1(IRF1)transcription factor,promotes the binding of IRF1 and the PD-L1 gene promoter,and finally promotes PD-L1 mRNA.Although TNF-αalone did not induce PD-L1 expression in hUCMSCs,the addition of TNF-αsignificantly enhanced IFN-γ-induced JAK/STAT1/IRF1 activation.TNF-αupregulated IFN-γreceptor expression through activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway,which significantly enhanced IFN-γsignaling.Finally,co-induced hUC-MSCs have a stronger inhibitory effect on lymphocyte proliferation,and significantly ameliorate weight loss,mucosal damage,inflammatory cell infiltration,and up-regulation of inflammatory factors in colitis mice.CONCLUSION Overall,our results suggest that IFN-γand TNF-αenhance both the immunosuppressive ability of hUC-MSCs and their efficacy in ulcerative colitis by synergistically inducing high expression of PD-L1.展开更多
Traditional machine-learning algorithms are struggling to handle the exceedingly large amount of data being generated by the internet. In real-world applications, there is an urgent need for machine-learning algorithm...Traditional machine-learning algorithms are struggling to handle the exceedingly large amount of data being generated by the internet. In real-world applications, there is an urgent need for machine-learning algorithms to be able to handle large-scale, high-dimensional text data. Cloud computing involves the delivery of computing and storage as a service to a heterogeneous community of recipients, Recently, it has aroused much interest in industry and academia. Most previous works on cloud platforms only focus on the parallel algorithms for structured data. In this paper, we focus on the parallel implementation of web-mining algorithms and develop a parallel web-mining system that includes parallel web crawler; parallel text extract, transform and load （ETL） and modeling; and parallel text mining and application subsystems. The complete system enables variable real-world web-mining applications for mass data.展开更多
Class is a place where all kinds of teaching activities are carried out and is a space where the teachers and students gather to study and grow up together. The scientific and reasonable college class management metho...Class is a place where all kinds of teaching activities are carried out and is a space where the teachers and students gather to study and grow up together. The scientific and reasonable college class management methods not only can effectively maintain the teaching order in class, but also can improve the students' learning initiative and increase the teaching efficiency, thus improving the quality of higher education. However, the situation of college class management is not optimistic at present. This paper is aimed at analyzing the problems existing in China's college classes and exploring the relevant solutions based on them to provide the reference for the quality of China's higher education.展开更多
Intelligent decision-making(IDM)is a cornerstone of artificial intelligence(AI)designed to automate or augment decision processes.Modern IDM paradigms integrate advanced frameworks to enable intelligent agents to make...Intelligent decision-making(IDM)is a cornerstone of artificial intelligence(AI)designed to automate or augment decision processes.Modern IDM paradigms integrate advanced frameworks to enable intelligent agents to make effective and adaptive choices and decompose complex tasks into manageable steps,such as AI agents and high-level reinforcement learning.Recent advances in multimodal foundation-based approaches unify diverse input modalities—such as vision,language,and sensory data—into a cohesive decision-making process.Foundation models(FMs)have become pivotal in science and industry,transforming decision-making and research capabilities.Their large-scale,multimodal data-processing abilities foster adaptability and interdisciplinary breakthroughs across fields such as healthcare,life sciences,and education.This survey examines IDM’s evolution,advanced paradigms with FMs and their transformative impact on decision-making across diverse scientific and industrial domains,highlighting the challenges and opportunities in building efficient,adaptive,and ethical decision systems.展开更多
Iron overload is strongly associated with heart disease.Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death indicated in cardiac ischemiaereperfusion(I/R)injury.However,the specific molecular mechanism of myocardial inj...Iron overload is strongly associated with heart disease.Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death indicated in cardiac ischemiaereperfusion(I/R)injury.However,the specific molecular mechanism of myocardial injury caused by iron overload in the heart is still unclear,and the involvement of ferroptosis in iron overload-induced myocardial injury is not fully understood.In this study,we observed that ferroptosis participated in developing of iron overload and I/R-induced cardiomyopathy.Mechanistically,we discovered that Parkin inhibited iron overload-induced ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes by promoting the ubiquitination of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4(ACSL4),a crucial protein involved in ferroptosis-related lipid metabolism pathways.Additionally,we identified p53 as a transcription factor that transcriptionally suppressed Parkin expression in iron-overloaded cardiomyocytes,thereby regulating iron overload-induced ferroptosis.In animal studies,cardiac-specific Parkin knockout mice(Myh6-CreER^(T2)/Parkin^(fl/fl))fed a high-iron diet presented more severe myocardial damage,and the high iron levels exacerbated myocardial I/R injury.However,the ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 significantly suppressed iron overload-induced ferroptosis and myocardial I/R injury.Moreover,Parkin effectively protected against impaired mitochondrial function and prevented iron overload-induced mitochondrial lipid peroxidation.These findings unveil a novel regulatory pathway involving p53eParkineACSL4 in heart disease by inhibiting of ferroptosis.展开更多
Knowledge graphs are essential tools for representing real-world facts and finding wide applications in various domains. However, the process of constructing knowledge graphs often introduces noises and errors, which ...Knowledge graphs are essential tools for representing real-world facts and finding wide applications in various domains. However, the process of constructing knowledge graphs often introduces noises and errors, which can negatively impact the performance of downstream applications. Current methods for knowledge graph error detection primarily focus on graph structure and overlook the importance of textual information in error detection. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel error detection framework that combines both structural and textual information. The framework utilizes a confidence module for error detection while generating knowledge embeddings. The performance of this approach outperforms baseline methods in error detection and link prediction experiments, particularly achieving state-of-the-art performance in the error detection task.展开更多
This study was conducted to evaluate the alleviation of Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G culture as zearalenone(ZEA)biodegradation agent on oxidative stress,cell apoptosis and fecal ZEA residue in the first parity gestation ...This study was conducted to evaluate the alleviation of Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G culture as zearalenone(ZEA)biodegradation agent on oxidative stress,cell apoptosis and fecal ZEA residue in the first parity gestation sows during the gestation.A total of 80 first-parity gilts(Yorkshire×Landrace)were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments with 20 replications per treatment and one gilt per replicate.The dietary treatments were as follows:CO(positive control);MO(negative control,ZEA level at 246μg/kg diet);COA(CO+B.subtilis ANSB01G culture with 2×10^9 CFU/kg diet);MOA(MO+ZEA level at 260μg/kg diet+B.subtilis ANSB01G culture with 2×10^9 CFU/kg diet).The experiment lasted for the whole gestation period of sows.Results showed that feeding the diet naturally contaminated with low-dose ZEA caused an increase of cell apoptosis in organ and the residual ZEA in feces as well as a decrease of antioxidant function in serum.The addition of B.subtilis ANSB01G culture in the diets can effectively alleviate the status of oxidative stress and cell apoptosis induced by ZEA in diets of gestation sows,as well as decrease the content of residual ZEA in feces.展开更多
基金the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 52273048 and 51973006)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 2222052)the financial support of this work by BIOFIRESAFE(PID2020-117274RB-I00)funded by MINECO,Spain。
文摘Developing high-efficient flame-retardant coatings is crucial for fire safety polymer and battery fields.Traditional intumescent coatings and ceramifiable coatings struggle to provide immediate and prolonged protection simultaneously,which limits the applicability.To address this,an innovative bi-layered coating with organic/nano-inorganic additives is inspired by differential response behaviors,enabling relay response effect with both fast-acting and extended protection.Specifically,two layers function continuously in the form of a relay.With a mere 320 microns,the bi-layered coating withstands fire temperatures of up to 1400℃for at least 900 s.Consequently,the coating effective prevented burn through in aluminum plates and glass fabric-reinforced epoxy resin,which otherwise were burned through in 135 and 173 s,respectively.Meanwhile,the bi-layered coating suppressed the formation and decomposition of solid interface layer in lithium soft-package batteries,leading to prolonged electrochemical stability and fire safety.Additionally,the bi-layered coating with a fast response endows polyurethane foam with rapid self-extinguishing,preventing ignition even under exposure to strong fire of 1400℃.Shortly,our work offers new insights into the design and development of thin,high-performance,and multi-application flame-retardant coatings.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52306142,52272202 and W2421027)Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects(No.202202AG050017-02)+2 种基金Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(No.202101BE070001-017)the Science and Technology Innovation and Entrepreneurship Fund of China Coal Technology&Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.(Nos.2022-MS002 and 2023-TD-MS007)Bintuan Science and Technology Program(No.2022DB009)
文摘Creating economical and effective catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is essential for enhancing the efficiency of electrochemical water splitting.In this study,we designed a multicomponent heterogeneous interfacial catalyst,Ni(OH)_(2)/NiCo(OH)_(6)@FeOOH,using a simple two-step method.In situ Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)measurements revealed the dynamic phase change occurring during the OER process.The FeOOH layer on Ni(OH)_(2)/NiCo(OH)_(6)altered the electronic structure,facilitating the emergence of the active NiOOH phase and markedly improving OER kinetics.Significantly,the Ni(OH)_(2)/NiCo(OH)_(6)@FeOOH 2:1 catalyst demonstrated a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2)at an overpotential of merely 208 mV,accompanied by a Tafel slope of 37.72 mV·dec-1,exhibiting exceptional stability over a duration of 100 h at 10 mA·cm^(-2).Furthermore,the Ni(OH)_(2)/NiCo(OH)_(6)@FeOOH 2:1(+)lIPt/C(-)electrolyzer cell showcased a remarkably low driving voltage of 1.52 V to achieve 10 mA·cm^(-2),while also displaying impressive durability under alkaline conditions for over100 h.This work enhances our understanding of the interfacial structure-activity relationship in composite catalysts,aiding the design of efficient catalysts with rapid kinetics.
基金financially supported by Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects(No.202202AG050017-02)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(No.202101BE070001-017)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52101258 and 52272202)
文摘The sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)process impedes the exploration of green hydrogen via water splitting.Herein,we design and synthesize vanadium-doped CoSn(OH)_(6)perovskite hydroxide catalysts by Fe^(3+)etching during the hydrothermal and chemical deposition process.The as-prepared CoVSn(OH)_(6)@CoVSnFe(OH)_(x)-4 catalyst exhibits a lowoverpotential of 225 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2)with a Tafel slope of 30.47 mV·dec^(-1).An overall water splitting electrolyzer(CoVSn(OH)_(6)@CoVSnFe(OH)_(x)-4‖Pt/C)is constructed,delivering a voltage of 1.48 V at a current density of10 mA·cm^(-2)with excellent durability.The dynamic phase evolution during the OER process is revealed by in situ Raman and XPS measurement,which represents that the introduced V and Fe ions facilitate the formation of active CoOOH as well as modify the electronic structure of the catalyst.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations further evidence that V and Fe introduction optimize the adsorption energies of oxygen intermediates*OH and*O,respectively,thereby enabling a synergistic optimization of the multi-step OER process and advancing electrocatalytic performance.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 31772637, 31301981)a Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201403047)
文摘Background:Zearalenone(ZEA)is a resorcylic acid lactone derivative derived from various Fusarium species that are widely found in food and feeds.The molecular structure of ZEA resembles that of the mammalian hormone 17β-oestradiol,thus zearalenone and its metabolites are known to compete with endogenous hormones for estrogen receptors binding sites and to activate transcription of oestrogen-responsive genes.However,the effect of long-term low-dose ZEA exposure on the reproductive response to Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G culture for first-parity gilts has not yet been investigated.This study was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of ZEA as an estrogen receptor selective modulator and the alleviating effects of Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G cultures as ZEA biodegraders in pregnant sows during their first parity.Results:A total of 80 first-parity gilts(Yorkshire×Landrace)were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments during gestation:CO(positive control);MO(negative control,246μg ZEA/kg diet);COA(CO+B.subtilis ANSB01G culture with 2×10^(9)CFU/kg diet);MOA(MO+B.subtilis ANSB01G culture with 2×10^(9)CFU/kg diet).There were 20 replications per treatment with one gilt per replicate.Feeding low-dose ZEA naturally contaminated diets disordered most of reproductive hormones secretion and affected estrogen receptor-αand estrogen receptor-βconcentrations in serum and specific organs and led to moderate histopathological changes of gilts,but did not cause significant detrimental effects on reproductive performance.The addition of Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G culture to the diet can effectively relieve the competence of ZEA to estrogen receptor and the disturbance of reproductive hormones secretion,and then ameliorate toxicosis of ZEA in gilts.Conclusions:Collectively,our study investigated the effects of feeding low-dose ZEA on reproduction in pregnant sows during their first parity.Feeding low-dose ZEA could modulate estrogen receptor-αand-βconcentrations in specific organs,cause disturbance of reproductive hormones and vulva swelling,and damage organ histopathology and up-regulate apoptosis in sow models.Diet with Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G alleviated negative effects of the ZEA on gilts to some extent.
基金financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2018YFA0702100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11874169,51972129)+4 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFE0120500)the Key Research and Development Program of Hubei (Grant No. 2020BAB079)the South Xinjiang Innovation and Development Program of Key Industries of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (Grants No. 2020DB002)Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/T025875/1)the Hubei “ChuTian Young Scholar” program。
文摘The photocatalytic performance of g-C_(3)N_(4) for CO_(2) conversion is still inadequate by several shortfalls including the instability,insu cient solar light absorption and rapid charge carrier's recombination rate. To solve these problems,herein,noble metals(Pt and Au)decorated Sr-incorporated g-C_(3)N_(4) photocatalysts are fabricated via the simple calcination and photo-deposition methods. The Sr-incorporation remarkably reduced the g-C_(3)N_(4) band gap from 2.7 to 2.54 eV,as evidenced by the UV–visible absorption spectra and the density functional theory results. The CO_(2) conversion performance of the catalysts was evaluated under visible light irradiation. The Pt/0.15 Sr-CN sample produced 48.55 and 74.54 μmol h-1 g-1 of CH_(4) and CO,respectively.These amounts are far greater than that produced by the Au/0.15 Sr-CN,0.15 Sr-CN,and CN samples. A high quantum e ciency of 2.92% is predicted for the Pt/0.15 Sr-CN sample. Further,the stability of the photocatalyst is confirmed via the photocatalytic recyclable test. The improved CO_(2) conversion performance of the catalyst is accredited to the promoted light absorption and remarkably enhanced charge separation via the Sr-incorporated mid gap states and the localized surface plasmon resonance e ect induced by noble metal nanoparticles.This work will provide a new approach for promoting the catalytic e ciency of g-C_(3)N_(4) for e cient solar fuel production.
基金supported by grants (31171353, 31271500 to HW) from National Natural Science Foundation of Chinagrants (973 program: 2011CB504201 to HW) from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China
文摘The circadian rhythm is an endogenous time keeping system shared by most organisms. The circadian clock is comprised of both peripheral oscillators in most organ tissues of the body and a central pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus （SCN） of the central nervous system. The circadian rhythm is crucial in maintaining the normal physiology of the organism including, but not limited to, cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and cellular metabolism; whereas disruption of the circadian rhythm is closely related to multi-tumorigenesis. In the past several years, studies from different fields have revealed that the genetic or functional disruption of the molecular circadian rhythm has been found in various cancers, such as breast, prostate, and ovarian. In this review, we will investigate and present an overview of the current research on the influence of circadian rhythm regulating proteins on breast cancer.
基金This work is supported by the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program(Grant No.2021xjkk0800).Thanks to Professor Lu Zhang for his valuable comments.
文摘Water security is under threat worldwide from climate change. A warming climate would accelerate evaporationand cryosphere melting, leading to reduced water availability and unpredictable water supply. However, thewater crisis in the Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountains(NSTM) faces dual challenges because water demandsforfast-growing urban areas have put heavy pressure on water resources. The mountain-oasis-desert system featuresglacier-fed rivers that sustain intensive water use in the oasis and end in the desert as fragile terminal lakes.The complex balance between water conservation and economic development is subtle. This paper investigateschanges in hydroclimatic variables and water security-related issues on the NSTM. The spatiotemporal variationsin glaciers, climatic variables, rivers, lakes and reservoirs, groundwater, surface water, human water use, andstreamflow were analyzed for the past four decades. The results show that temperature in the NSTM exhibitedan apparent upward trend with a more significant warming rate in the higher altitude regions. Glacier massloss and shrinkage was strong. The average annual streamflow increased from 1980-1989 to 2006–2011 at mosthydrological stations. The monthly dynamics of surface water area showed notable variability at both inter-annual and seasonal scales, revealing the impacts of both natural and anthropogenic drivers on surface wateravailability in the region. The terrestrial water storage anomaly showed a decreasing trend, which might berelated to groundwater pumping for irrigation. Human water use for agriculture and industry grew with theincrease in cultivated land area and gross domestic product (GDP). The increased agricultural water use wasstrongly associated with the expansion of oases. It is unclear whether water availability would remain high underfuture climatic and hydrological uncertainties, posing challenges to water management. In the context of rapidurban growth and climate change, balancing water for humans and nature is vital in achieving the SustainableDevelopment Goals (SDGs) in NSTM. This study provides a baseline understanding of the interplay among water,climate change, and socio-economic development in NSTM. It would also shed light on wise water managementunder environmental changes for other rapidly developing mountain-oasis-desert systems worldwide.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDB12020300)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31370985)
文摘Poly（1,8-octanediol-co-citrate） （POC） represents a new promising biocompatible and biodegradable polyester that has been extensively investigated for soft tissue engineering. However, the poor mechanical performance and poor bioactivity limit its application in bone regeneration. In this study, a series of POC/bioactive glasses （BG） composites were developed using 45S5 Bioglass^Θ and a phytic acid- derived bioactive glass （referred as PSC）. The results indicated that calcium in BG could enhance the crosslinking of the POC/BG composites by forming calcium dicarboxylate bridges and thus improve their mechanical performances. When PSC were used, the composites exhibited significantly better mechanical properties compared to composites with 45S5 Bioglass^Θ. For example, by incorporating 70wt% PSC, the compressive strength of POC/PSC composites could be improved to approximately 50 MPa and modulus 1.3-h 0.1 GPa. Furthermore, all these POC/PSC composites showed good in vitro bioactivity and cellular biocompatibility. Histology results in femoral condyle defects of Sprague-Dawley rats indicated that the POC/PSC samples integrated well with surrounding tissues and stimulated bone regeneration. The improved mechanical properties and bioactivity of POC/PSC composites make them promising for potential application in bone regeneration.
基金supported by both BIOFIRESAFE(No.:PID2020-117274RB-I00)and NEWSAFE(No.:PID2022-143324NA-I00)Projects funded by Ministerio De Ciencia E Innovacion(MINECO,Spain)supported by the Agencia Estatal de Investigacion of Spanish Government[PROJECTS TED2021-131102B-C21 and PID2022-138496OB-I00].
文摘The aim of this work was to improve the thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding of the leakage proof phase change materials(PCMs),in which a polyrotaxane(PLR)was used as a support material to encapsulate PEG 1k or PEG 6k and MXene as multi-functional filler.The PCMs can be processed conveniently by a hot press and the PEG 1k containing samples showed excellent flexibility.We conducted a systematic evaluation of the phase transition behavior of the material,thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance tests.Notably,the PCMs achieved a high enthalpy values(123.9–159.6 J/g).The PCMs exhibited an increase of 44.3%,and 137.5%in thermal conductivity values with higher MXene content(5 wt%)for PLR-PEG6k and PLR-PEG1k,respectively,and show high shape stability and no leakage during and after phase transition.The introduction of MXene can significantly improve the electromagnetic shielding performance of PCM composites.Typically,higher conductive samples(samples which contain high MXene contents)offer a higher EMI SE shielding,reaching a maximum of 4.67 dB at 5.6 GHz for PLR-1K-MX5.These improvements solve the main problems of organic PEG based PCMs,thus making PLR-PEG-MXene based PCMs good candidates for thermoregulators of both solid-state disks and smart phone.It is worth pointing out that the sample PLR-1k-MX5 can decrease 4.3C of the reference temperature during cellphone running.Moreover,the temperature of the protecting sheet in the simulated solid state disk with PCM was significantly lower(showing a decreasing of 7.9℃)compared with the blank sample.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81871568,No.32100643COVID-19 Infection and Prevention Emergency Special Project of Chongqing Education Commission,No.KYYJ202009.
文摘BACKGROUND The immunosuppressive capacity of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)is dependent on the“license”of several proinflammatory factors to express immunosuppressive factors such as programmed cell death 1 ligand 1(PD-L1),which determines the clinical therapeutic efficacy of MSCs for inflammatory or immune diseases.In MSCs,interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)is a key inducer of PD-L1 expression,which is synergistically enhanced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α);however,the underlying mechanism is unclear.AIM To reveal the mechanism of pretreated MSCs express high PD-L1 and explore the application of pretreated MSCs in ulcerative colitis.METHODS We assessed PD-L1 expression in human umbilical-cord-derived MSCs(hUC-MSCs)induced by IFN-γand TNF-α,alone or in combination.Additionally,we performed signal pathway inhibitor experiments as well as RNA interference experiments to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which IFN-γalone or in combination with TNF-αinduces PD-L1 expression.Moreover,we used luciferase reporter gene experiments to verify the binding sites of the transcription factors of each signal transduction pathway to the targeted gene promoters.Finally,we evaluated the immunosuppressive capacity of hUC-MSCs treated with IFN-γand TNF-αin both an in vitro mixed lymphocyte culture assay,and in vivo in mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis.RESULTS Our results suggest that IFN-γinduction alone upregulates PD-L1 expression in hUC-MSCs while TNF-αalone does not,and that the co-induction of IFN-γand TNF-αpromotes higher expression of PD-L1.IFN-γinduces hUCMSCs to express PD-L1,in which IFN-γactivates the JAK/STAT1 signaling pathway,up-regulates the expression of the interferon regulatory factor 1(IRF1)transcription factor,promotes the binding of IRF1 and the PD-L1 gene promoter,and finally promotes PD-L1 mRNA.Although TNF-αalone did not induce PD-L1 expression in hUCMSCs,the addition of TNF-αsignificantly enhanced IFN-γ-induced JAK/STAT1/IRF1 activation.TNF-αupregulated IFN-γreceptor expression through activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway,which significantly enhanced IFN-γsignaling.Finally,co-induced hUC-MSCs have a stronger inhibitory effect on lymphocyte proliferation,and significantly ameliorate weight loss,mucosal damage,inflammatory cell infiltration,and up-regulation of inflammatory factors in colitis mice.CONCLUSION Overall,our results suggest that IFN-γand TNF-αenhance both the immunosuppressive ability of hUC-MSCs and their efficacy in ulcerative colitis by synergistically inducing high expression of PD-L1.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61175052,60975039, 61203297, 60933004, 61035003)National High-tech R&D Program of China (863 Program) (No.2012AA011003)supported by the ZTE research found of Parallel Web Mining project
文摘Traditional machine-learning algorithms are struggling to handle the exceedingly large amount of data being generated by the internet. In real-world applications, there is an urgent need for machine-learning algorithms to be able to handle large-scale, high-dimensional text data. Cloud computing involves the delivery of computing and storage as a service to a heterogeneous community of recipients, Recently, it has aroused much interest in industry and academia. Most previous works on cloud platforms only focus on the parallel algorithms for structured data. In this paper, we focus on the parallel implementation of web-mining algorithms and develop a parallel web-mining system that includes parallel web crawler; parallel text extract, transform and load （ETL） and modeling; and parallel text mining and application subsystems. The complete system enables variable real-world web-mining applications for mass data.
文摘Class is a place where all kinds of teaching activities are carried out and is a space where the teachers and students gather to study and grow up together. The scientific and reasonable college class management methods not only can effectively maintain the teaching order in class, but also can improve the students' learning initiative and increase the teaching efficiency, thus improving the quality of higher education. However, the situation of college class management is not optimistic at present. This paper is aimed at analyzing the problems existing in China's college classes and exploring the relevant solutions based on them to provide the reference for the quality of China's higher education.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant nos.62372470,72225011,62402414,U23B2059,62173034,32222070,62402017,72421002,62206303,62476264,62406312,62102266,52173241,and U23A20468the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1900604)+8 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science(XDB0680301)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2023112)the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research funding(2022-PUMCH-A-014),the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(4244098)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2023RC3009)the Key Research and Development Program of Yunnan Province(202202AE090034)the MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Greater Bay Area(GEMLab-2023001)the Science and Technology Innovation Key R&D Program of Chongqing(CSTB2024TIAD-STX0024)the China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX20240385)the River Talent Recruitment Program of Guangdong Province(2019ZT08X603).
文摘Intelligent decision-making(IDM)is a cornerstone of artificial intelligence(AI)designed to automate or augment decision processes.Modern IDM paradigms integrate advanced frameworks to enable intelligent agents to make effective and adaptive choices and decompose complex tasks into manageable steps,such as AI agents and high-level reinforcement learning.Recent advances in multimodal foundation-based approaches unify diverse input modalities—such as vision,language,and sensory data—into a cohesive decision-making process.Foundation models(FMs)have become pivotal in science and industry,transforming decision-making and research capabilities.Their large-scale,multimodal data-processing abilities foster adaptability and interdisciplinary breakthroughs across fields such as healthcare,life sciences,and education.This survey examines IDM’s evolution,advanced paradigms with FMs and their transformative impact on decision-making across diverse scientific and industrial domains,highlighting the challenges and opportunities in building efficient,adaptive,and ethical decision systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82270301)The Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2019ZD28,China)the Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province(Grant No.19-6-1-6-nsh,China).
文摘Iron overload is strongly associated with heart disease.Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death indicated in cardiac ischemiaereperfusion(I/R)injury.However,the specific molecular mechanism of myocardial injury caused by iron overload in the heart is still unclear,and the involvement of ferroptosis in iron overload-induced myocardial injury is not fully understood.In this study,we observed that ferroptosis participated in developing of iron overload and I/R-induced cardiomyopathy.Mechanistically,we discovered that Parkin inhibited iron overload-induced ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes by promoting the ubiquitination of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4(ACSL4),a crucial protein involved in ferroptosis-related lipid metabolism pathways.Additionally,we identified p53 as a transcription factor that transcriptionally suppressed Parkin expression in iron-overloaded cardiomyocytes,thereby regulating iron overload-induced ferroptosis.In animal studies,cardiac-specific Parkin knockout mice(Myh6-CreER^(T2)/Parkin^(fl/fl))fed a high-iron diet presented more severe myocardial damage,and the high iron levels exacerbated myocardial I/R injury.However,the ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 significantly suppressed iron overload-induced ferroptosis and myocardial I/R injury.Moreover,Parkin effectively protected against impaired mitochondrial function and prevented iron overload-induced mitochondrial lipid peroxidation.These findings unveil a novel regulatory pathway involving p53eParkineACSL4 in heart disease by inhibiting of ferroptosis.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Plan(No.2022YFC3303303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61976204,31900979,and U1811461)+1 种基金the Zhengzhou Collaborative Innovation Major Project(No.20XTZX11020)Project of Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS and Beijing Nova Program(No.Z201100006820062).
文摘Knowledge graphs are essential tools for representing real-world facts and finding wide applications in various domains. However, the process of constructing knowledge graphs often introduces noises and errors, which can negatively impact the performance of downstream applications. Current methods for knowledge graph error detection primarily focus on graph structure and overlook the importance of textual information in error detection. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel error detection framework that combines both structural and textual information. The framework utilizes a confidence module for error detection while generating knowledge embeddings. The performance of this approach outperforms baseline methods in error detection and link prediction experiments, particularly achieving state-of-the-art performance in the error detection task.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31572447)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.6172017)a Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest(201403047)
文摘This study was conducted to evaluate the alleviation of Bacillus subtilis ANSB01G culture as zearalenone(ZEA)biodegradation agent on oxidative stress,cell apoptosis and fecal ZEA residue in the first parity gestation sows during the gestation.A total of 80 first-parity gilts(Yorkshire×Landrace)were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments with 20 replications per treatment and one gilt per replicate.The dietary treatments were as follows:CO(positive control);MO(negative control,ZEA level at 246μg/kg diet);COA(CO+B.subtilis ANSB01G culture with 2×10^9 CFU/kg diet);MOA(MO+ZEA level at 260μg/kg diet+B.subtilis ANSB01G culture with 2×10^9 CFU/kg diet).The experiment lasted for the whole gestation period of sows.Results showed that feeding the diet naturally contaminated with low-dose ZEA caused an increase of cell apoptosis in organ and the residual ZEA in feces as well as a decrease of antioxidant function in serum.The addition of B.subtilis ANSB01G culture in the diets can effectively alleviate the status of oxidative stress and cell apoptosis induced by ZEA in diets of gestation sows,as well as decrease the content of residual ZEA in feces.
