Arctic ecosystems face significant threats from chemicals of global concern.Persistent organic pollutants(POPs)and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)have been consistently detected in the Arctic through decades of...Arctic ecosystems face significant threats from chemicals of global concern.Persistent organic pollutants(POPs)and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)have been consistently detected in the Arctic through decades of monitoring.POPs are known to bioaccumulate in food webs,and both POPs and PAHs are toxic posing risks to wildlife and human health.While regular monitoring activities have been implemented in most Arctic countries,information from the Russian Arctic is still limited.This review synthesizes the existing knowledge on environmental fate and distribution pathways of POPs,PAHs,and Chemicals Of Emerging Arctic Concern(CEACs)in the Russian Arctic.Except for recent studies on microplastics,data on CEACs remain very limited.Considering mass exchange processes between environmental compartments,including the cryosphere,this review focuses on the Russian Arctic coastal seas,where riverine transport and atmospheric deposition are the main sources of legacy POPs and PAHs.Northward-draining Russian Arctic rivers have been loading legacy POPs from historical sources to coastal seawater.Ongoing volatilization of low-molecular-weight PAHs from both sediments and seawater in the Russian Arctic coastal seas is likely to be accelerated with the ongoing warming climate.PAH and POPs stored in the cryosphere of the Russian Arctic are expected to be released with the ice/snow melting and permafrost thaws.However,more up-to-date information on these chemicals is needed to evaluate these processes and their significance for Arctic pollution.展开更多
The Arctic,though remote,is exceptionally vulnerable to chemical contaminants that threaten its fragile ecosystems.Bisphenols(BPs),a class of endocrine-disrupting chemicals used in plastics and resins,are now detected...The Arctic,though remote,is exceptionally vulnerable to chemical contaminants that threaten its fragile ecosystems.Bisphenols(BPs),a class of endocrine-disrupting chemicals used in plastics and resins,are now detected across the Arctic,but the risks posed by their many analogues are poorly understood.Most studies have focused on documenting their presence,leaving a critical gap in our understanding of whether these compounds bioaccumulate in Arctic food webs and to what extent local,within-Arctic pollution contributes to the overall burden.Here we show,through a comprehensive analysis of 32 BPs in 134 samples from a Norwegian Arctic food web,that multiple BP analogues not only bioaccumulate but also biomagnify from plankton up to polar bears.We found that 5,5′-(1-methylethylidene)bis[(1,1′-biphenyl)-2-ol](BPPH)exhibited the highest trophic magnification factor(a value of 2.3),and we documented total BP concentrations in polar bear tissues up to 1396 ng g^(-1)wet weight,orders of magnitude higher than in lower-trophic-level species.Furthermore,our analysis identified distinct local pollution sources,such as a firefighting training site releasing 2,4,6-trichlorophenol(2,4,6-TBP)and landfill leachate contributing other BPs to the local environment.These findings provide the first evidence of trophic magnification for multiple BPs in a polar food chain and underscore the urgent need to incorporate food-web dynamics and local source management into ecological risk assessments for the Arctic.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52321005)the Provincial Key Research and Development program of Heilongjiang(2023ZX02C04)+1 种基金the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Urban-rural Water Resource and Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology(ZD202503)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022FRFK060013).
文摘Arctic ecosystems face significant threats from chemicals of global concern.Persistent organic pollutants(POPs)and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)have been consistently detected in the Arctic through decades of monitoring.POPs are known to bioaccumulate in food webs,and both POPs and PAHs are toxic posing risks to wildlife and human health.While regular monitoring activities have been implemented in most Arctic countries,information from the Russian Arctic is still limited.This review synthesizes the existing knowledge on environmental fate and distribution pathways of POPs,PAHs,and Chemicals Of Emerging Arctic Concern(CEACs)in the Russian Arctic.Except for recent studies on microplastics,data on CEACs remain very limited.Considering mass exchange processes between environmental compartments,including the cryosphere,this review focuses on the Russian Arctic coastal seas,where riverine transport and atmospheric deposition are the main sources of legacy POPs and PAHs.Northward-draining Russian Arctic rivers have been loading legacy POPs from historical sources to coastal seawater.Ongoing volatilization of low-molecular-weight PAHs from both sediments and seawater in the Russian Arctic coastal seas is likely to be accelerated with the ongoing warming climate.PAH and POPs stored in the cryosphere of the Russian Arctic are expected to be released with the ice/snow melting and permafrost thaws.However,more up-to-date information on these chemicals is needed to evaluate these processes and their significance for Arctic pollution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52321005)Provincial Key Research and Development Program of Heilongjiang (No. 2023ZX02C04)+4 种基金supported by the open project of the National Engineering Research Center for Safe Disposal and Resources Recovery of Sludge (No. Z2024B003)the Research Council of Norway (RCN) for funding the project No. 268258 “Reducing the impact of fluorinated compounds on the environment and human health – PFOslo”The support of the University Center in Svalbard (UNIS)the Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU)the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI) for field work and logistical support is greatly appreciated
文摘The Arctic,though remote,is exceptionally vulnerable to chemical contaminants that threaten its fragile ecosystems.Bisphenols(BPs),a class of endocrine-disrupting chemicals used in plastics and resins,are now detected across the Arctic,but the risks posed by their many analogues are poorly understood.Most studies have focused on documenting their presence,leaving a critical gap in our understanding of whether these compounds bioaccumulate in Arctic food webs and to what extent local,within-Arctic pollution contributes to the overall burden.Here we show,through a comprehensive analysis of 32 BPs in 134 samples from a Norwegian Arctic food web,that multiple BP analogues not only bioaccumulate but also biomagnify from plankton up to polar bears.We found that 5,5′-(1-methylethylidene)bis[(1,1′-biphenyl)-2-ol](BPPH)exhibited the highest trophic magnification factor(a value of 2.3),and we documented total BP concentrations in polar bear tissues up to 1396 ng g^(-1)wet weight,orders of magnitude higher than in lower-trophic-level species.Furthermore,our analysis identified distinct local pollution sources,such as a firefighting training site releasing 2,4,6-trichlorophenol(2,4,6-TBP)and landfill leachate contributing other BPs to the local environment.These findings provide the first evidence of trophic magnification for multiple BPs in a polar food chain and underscore the urgent need to incorporate food-web dynamics and local source management into ecological risk assessments for the Arctic.
