Childhood adenotonsillar hypertrophy is associated with complications,including mouth breathing and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS),which can lead to sleep-related ventilation problems that significan...Childhood adenotonsillar hypertrophy is associated with complications,including mouth breathing and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS),which can lead to sleep-related ventilation problems that significantly impact the development of orofacial myofunctions as well as the physical and mental health of children.Orofacial myofunctional therapy(OMT)is based on the plasticity of neuromuscular systems to retrain the oral and maxillofacial system,effectively improving orofacial morphology,upper airway structure,and other aspects in pediatric patients.OMT is non-invasive and easy to implement,which can be promoted as an adjuvant therapy for children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy.This review mainly discusses the theoretical basis,training methods,and influencing factors of OMT.展开更多
Objective:There are limited data on the use of the creation tuberculin skin test(C-TST)for detecting tuberculosis(TB)infection(TBI)in individuals under 18 years of age.We conducted a study to assess the diagnostic acc...Objective:There are limited data on the use of the creation tuberculin skin test(C-TST)for detecting tuberculosis(TB)infection(TBI)in individuals under 18 years of age.We conducted a study to assess the diagnostic accuracy of C-TST in this population.Methods:A double-blind,randomized controlled trial was conducted across 4 tertiary hospitals in China to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the C-TST in detecting TBI in individuals under 18 years of age.Participants with suspected pulmonary TB,extrapulmonary TB,or non-TB pulmonary disease were enrolled.The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of the C-TST.Secondary outcomes included the consistency among C-TST,the traditional tuberculin skin test(TST),and T-SPOT.TB assays in different subgroups,as well as the safety of C-TST.Each participant underwent all 3 tests simultaneously:T-SPOT.TB assay,TST,and C-TST.Results:C-TST showed a sensitivity of 83.0%(95%CI,68.7%-91.9%),while TST and T-SPOT.TB demonstrated sensitivities of 80.9%(95%CI,66.3%-90.4%)and 76.6%(95%CI,61.6%-87.2%),respectively.The specificities of C-TST,TST,and T-SPOT.TB were 100%(95%CI,91.9%-100%),98.0%(95%CI,87.8%-99.9%),and 100%(95%CI,90.9%-100%),respectively.The consistency between C-TST and T-SPOT.TB was high(kappa=0.847).No serious adverse events(AEs)were reported.展开更多
文摘Childhood adenotonsillar hypertrophy is associated with complications,including mouth breathing and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS),which can lead to sleep-related ventilation problems that significantly impact the development of orofacial myofunctions as well as the physical and mental health of children.Orofacial myofunctional therapy(OMT)is based on the plasticity of neuromuscular systems to retrain the oral and maxillofacial system,effectively improving orofacial morphology,upper airway structure,and other aspects in pediatric patients.OMT is non-invasive and easy to implement,which can be promoted as an adjuvant therapy for children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy.This review mainly discusses the theoretical basis,training methods,and influencing factors of OMT.
基金supported by Anhui Longcom Biologic Pharmacy Co.Ltd.,ChinaThis study received grant support from the Clinical Research Project of Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center of China(No.KY-GW-2024-01)research start-up funds for introduced talents of Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center of China(No.RCJJ2025-08).
文摘Objective:There are limited data on the use of the creation tuberculin skin test(C-TST)for detecting tuberculosis(TB)infection(TBI)in individuals under 18 years of age.We conducted a study to assess the diagnostic accuracy of C-TST in this population.Methods:A double-blind,randomized controlled trial was conducted across 4 tertiary hospitals in China to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the C-TST in detecting TBI in individuals under 18 years of age.Participants with suspected pulmonary TB,extrapulmonary TB,or non-TB pulmonary disease were enrolled.The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of the C-TST.Secondary outcomes included the consistency among C-TST,the traditional tuberculin skin test(TST),and T-SPOT.TB assays in different subgroups,as well as the safety of C-TST.Each participant underwent all 3 tests simultaneously:T-SPOT.TB assay,TST,and C-TST.Results:C-TST showed a sensitivity of 83.0%(95%CI,68.7%-91.9%),while TST and T-SPOT.TB demonstrated sensitivities of 80.9%(95%CI,66.3%-90.4%)and 76.6%(95%CI,61.6%-87.2%),respectively.The specificities of C-TST,TST,and T-SPOT.TB were 100%(95%CI,91.9%-100%),98.0%(95%CI,87.8%-99.9%),and 100%(95%CI,90.9%-100%),respectively.The consistency between C-TST and T-SPOT.TB was high(kappa=0.847).No serious adverse events(AEs)were reported.
