China's continental shale exhibits favorable geological characteristics and substa ntial resource potential,yet oil recovery for natural energy extraction remains critically low.Investigating the mechanisms of hyd...China's continental shale exhibits favorable geological characteristics and substa ntial resource potential,yet oil recovery for natural energy extraction remains critically low.Investigating the mechanisms of hydraulically induced bedding fracture to generate complex fracture networks in continental shale,and establishing effective flow systems,is of utmost importance.This study employs laboratory experiments and numerical simulations to investigate the flow capacity and percolation behavior of hydraulically induced bedding fractures by different fluids in full-diameter shale cores.Hydraulic stimulation using different fluids generates bedding plane fracture networks,establishing effective flow systems.Eroded and detached shale fragments support localized fractures,thereby increasing their opening and enhancing flow capacity.Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB) solution and SiO2 solution reduce the hydration of the shale surface,preventing shale fragments from swelling and disintegrating,leading to more stable percolation behavior.Eroded and spalled shale fragments near the injection point are transported to farther locations,where they help support localized fractures.This process differs from conve ntional hydraulic fractu ring.Under a constant injection rate,the velocity in the smaller flow paths near the closure is significantly higher than that in the main flow paths,leading to pronounced bypass flow behavio r.This restricts the pe rcolation of fluid du ring imbibition in shale co res.The results provide valuable insights into the mechanism of hydraulically induced bedding fracture in continental shale,offering guidance for the effective development of shale reservoirs.展开更多
Horizontal wells are commonly used in bottom water reservoirs,which can increase contact area between wellbores and reservoirs.There are many completion methods used to control cresting,among which variable density pe...Horizontal wells are commonly used in bottom water reservoirs,which can increase contact area between wellbores and reservoirs.There are many completion methods used to control cresting,among which variable density perforation is an effective one.It is difficult to evaluate well productivity and to analyze inflow profiles of horizontal wells with quantities of unevenly distributed perforations,which are characterized by different parameters.In this paper,fluid flow in each wellbore perforation,as well as the reservoir,was analyzed.A comprehensive model,coupling the fluid flow in the reservoir and the wellbore pressure drawdown,was developed based on potential functions and solved using the numerical discrete method.Then,a bottom water cresting model was established on the basis of the piston-like displacement principle.Finally,bottom water cresting parameters and factors influencing inflow profile were analyzed.A more systematic optimization method was proposed by introducing the concept of cumulative free-water production,which could maintain a balance（or then a balance is achieved）between stabilizing oil production and controlling bottom water cresting.Results show that the inflow profile is affected by the perforation distribution.Wells with denser perforation density at the toe end and thinner density at the heel end may obtain low production,but the water breakthrough time is delayed.Taking cumulative free-water production as a parameter to evaluate perforation strategies is advisable in bottom water reservoirs.展开更多
Liver regeneration and the development of effective therapies for liver failure remain formidable challenges in modern medicine.In recent years,the utilization of 3D cell-based strategies has emerged as a promising ap...Liver regeneration and the development of effective therapies for liver failure remain formidable challenges in modern medicine.In recent years,the utilization of 3D cell-based strategies has emerged as a promising approach for addressing these urgent clinical requirements.This review provides a thorough analysis of the application of 3D cell-based approaches to liver regeneration and their potential impact on patients with end-stage liver failure.Here,we discuss various 3D culture models that incorporate hepatocytes and stem cells to restore liver function and ameliorate the consequences of liver failure.Furthermore,we explored the challenges in transitioning these innovative strategies from preclinical studies to clinical applications.The collective insights presented herein highlight the significance of 3D cell-based strategies as a transformative paradigm for liver regeneration and improved patient care.展开更多
Summary:The optimal assisted reproductive treatment strategy for infertile women with unilateral tubal obstruction remains uncertain.To investigate the role of intrauterine insemination(IUI)in the treatment of inferti...Summary:The optimal assisted reproductive treatment strategy for infertile women with unilateral tubal obstruction remains uncertain.To investigate the role of intrauterine insemination(IUI)in the treatment of infertile women with unilateral tubal occlusion,the data of 148 couples were retrospectively collected and analyzed.Seventy-eight infertile women with unilateral occlusion diagnosed by hysterosalpingography(HSG)were categorized as the study group and 70 others with unexplained infertility as the control group.The study group was divided into a proximal occlusion subgroup and a mid-distal occlusion subgroup for further analysis.The main outcomes,namely the clinical pregnancy rate(CPR),ongoing pregnancy rate(OPR),and live birth rate(LBR)per cycle,were analyzed.Our results showed a tendency of lower CPR,OPR,and LBR in the study group than in the control group,without statistical significance.Further investigations revealed that the unilateral proximal occlusion subgroup had similar CPR,OPR,and LBR as the control group,while the unilateral mid-distal occlusion subgroup had significantly lower CPR(5.1%vs.20.0%,P=0.035),OPR(5.1%vs.20.0%,P=0.035),and LBR(5.1%vs.20.0%,P=0.035)than the control group.In conclusion,the clinical outcomes of IUI were worse in patients with unilateral tubal occlusion than in those with unexplained infertility.This might be primarily caused by the worse outcome of patients with unilateral mid-distal tubal occlusion instead of proximal occlusion.展开更多
In this paper,the voltammetric behaviours of Ag cylinder electrode in 1 mol/dm(3)KOH solution have been investigated in the presence of ultrasound irradiation.The results based on the CV,EIS and polarization measureme...In this paper,the voltammetric behaviours of Ag cylinder electrode in 1 mol/dm(3)KOH solution have been investigated in the presence of ultrasound irradiation.The results based on the CV,EIS and polarization measurements showed that ultrasound could enhance the mass transport,inhibit the oxygen evolution and increase the exchange current.展开更多
Existing pressure drilling technologies are based on different principles and display distinct characteristics in terms of control pressure and degree of formation adaptability.In the present study,the constant-bottom...Existing pressure drilling technologies are based on different principles and display distinct characteristics in terms of control pressure and degree of formation adaptability.In the present study,the constant-bottomhole-pressure(CBHP)and controlled-mud-level(CML)dual gradient drilling methods are considered.Models for the equivalent circulating density(ECD)are introduced for both drilling methods,taking into account the control pressure parameters(wellhead back pressure,displacement,mud level,etc.)and the relationship between the equivalent circulating density curve in the wellbore and two different types of pressure profiles in deep-water areas.The findings suggest that the main pressure control parameter for CBHP drilling is the wellhead back pressure,while for CML dual gradient drilling,it is the mud level.Two examples are considered(wells S1 and B2).For S1,CML dual gradient drilling only needs to adjust the ECD curve once to drill down to the target layer without risk.By comparison,CBHP drilling requires multiple adjustments to reach the target well depth avoiding a kick risk.In well B2,the CBHP method can drill down to the desired zone or even deeper after a single adjustment of the ECD curve.In contrast,CML dual-gradient drilling requires multiple adjustments to reach the target well depth(otherwise there is a risk of lost circulation).Therefore,CML dual-gradient drilling should be considered as a better choice for well S1,while CBHP drilling is more suitable for well B2.展开更多
Premature ovarian failure refers to ovarian function failure in women before the age of 40 years due to follicular depletion or follicular dysfunction resulting in abnormal hormone levels.The etiology and pathogenesis...Premature ovarian failure refers to ovarian function failure in women before the age of 40 years due to follicular depletion or follicular dysfunction resulting in abnormal hormone levels.The etiology and pathogenesis of premature ovarian failure may be related to genetic,immunological,medical,environmental,infectious,psychological and enzyme deficiencies.The treatment involves Western medicine,Chinese medicine,and a combination of Chinese and Western medicine,and the treatment level includes hormone level,cellular level,surgery and psychological aspect.This paper would like to review the progress of the etiology,pathogenesis and treatment of premature ovarian failure in recent years.展开更多
基金supported by the Frontier and Fundamental Research of Active Nanofluids Flooding for Enhanced Oil Recovery through Discontinuous and Variable-circle Modes in High Temperature and High Salinity Offshore Oilfields(U22B6005)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52274037)Study on Key Issues of Enhanced Oil Recovery of Gulong Shale Oil(DQYT-2022-JS-761).
文摘China's continental shale exhibits favorable geological characteristics and substa ntial resource potential,yet oil recovery for natural energy extraction remains critically low.Investigating the mechanisms of hydraulically induced bedding fracture to generate complex fracture networks in continental shale,and establishing effective flow systems,is of utmost importance.This study employs laboratory experiments and numerical simulations to investigate the flow capacity and percolation behavior of hydraulically induced bedding fractures by different fluids in full-diameter shale cores.Hydraulic stimulation using different fluids generates bedding plane fracture networks,establishing effective flow systems.Eroded and detached shale fragments support localized fractures,thereby increasing their opening and enhancing flow capacity.Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB) solution and SiO2 solution reduce the hydration of the shale surface,preventing shale fragments from swelling and disintegrating,leading to more stable percolation behavior.Eroded and spalled shale fragments near the injection point are transported to farther locations,where they help support localized fractures.This process differs from conve ntional hydraulic fractu ring.Under a constant injection rate,the velocity in the smaller flow paths near the closure is significantly higher than that in the main flow paths,leading to pronounced bypass flow behavio r.This restricts the pe rcolation of fluid du ring imbibition in shale co res.The results provide valuable insights into the mechanism of hydraulically induced bedding fracture in continental shale,offering guidance for the effective development of shale reservoirs.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52206222,No.22227901)State Key Laboratory of Laser Interaction with Matter Foundation(SKLLIM2009).
文摘Horizontal wells are commonly used in bottom water reservoirs,which can increase contact area between wellbores and reservoirs.There are many completion methods used to control cresting,among which variable density perforation is an effective one.It is difficult to evaluate well productivity and to analyze inflow profiles of horizontal wells with quantities of unevenly distributed perforations,which are characterized by different parameters.In this paper,fluid flow in each wellbore perforation,as well as the reservoir,was analyzed.A comprehensive model,coupling the fluid flow in the reservoir and the wellbore pressure drawdown,was developed based on potential functions and solved using the numerical discrete method.Then,a bottom water cresting model was established on the basis of the piston-like displacement principle.Finally,bottom water cresting parameters and factors influencing inflow profile were analyzed.A more systematic optimization method was proposed by introducing the concept of cumulative free-water production,which could maintain a balance（or then a balance is achieved）between stabilizing oil production and controlling bottom water cresting.Results show that the inflow profile is affected by the perforation distribution.Wells with denser perforation density at the toe end and thinner density at the heel end may obtain low production,but the water breakthrough time is delayed.Taking cumulative free-water production as a parameter to evaluate perforation strategies is advisable in bottom water reservoirs.
基金This work was supported by grants fromthe Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2023NSFSC1877).
文摘Liver regeneration and the development of effective therapies for liver failure remain formidable challenges in modern medicine.In recent years,the utilization of 3D cell-based strategies has emerged as a promising approach for addressing these urgent clinical requirements.This review provides a thorough analysis of the application of 3D cell-based approaches to liver regeneration and their potential impact on patients with end-stage liver failure.Here,we discuss various 3D culture models that incorporate hepatocytes and stem cells to restore liver function and ameliorate the consequences of liver failure.Furthermore,we explored the challenges in transitioning these innovative strategies from preclinical studies to clinical applications.The collective insights presented herein highlight the significance of 3D cell-based strategies as a transformative paradigm for liver regeneration and improved patient care.
基金This study was supported by grants from the Research Team of Female Reproductive Health and Fertility Preservation(No.SZSM201612065)Project for Medical Discipline Advancement of Health and Family Planning Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(No.SZXJ2017003).
文摘Summary:The optimal assisted reproductive treatment strategy for infertile women with unilateral tubal obstruction remains uncertain.To investigate the role of intrauterine insemination(IUI)in the treatment of infertile women with unilateral tubal occlusion,the data of 148 couples were retrospectively collected and analyzed.Seventy-eight infertile women with unilateral occlusion diagnosed by hysterosalpingography(HSG)were categorized as the study group and 70 others with unexplained infertility as the control group.The study group was divided into a proximal occlusion subgroup and a mid-distal occlusion subgroup for further analysis.The main outcomes,namely the clinical pregnancy rate(CPR),ongoing pregnancy rate(OPR),and live birth rate(LBR)per cycle,were analyzed.Our results showed a tendency of lower CPR,OPR,and LBR in the study group than in the control group,without statistical significance.Further investigations revealed that the unilateral proximal occlusion subgroup had similar CPR,OPR,and LBR as the control group,while the unilateral mid-distal occlusion subgroup had significantly lower CPR(5.1%vs.20.0%,P=0.035),OPR(5.1%vs.20.0%,P=0.035),and LBR(5.1%vs.20.0%,P=0.035)than the control group.In conclusion,the clinical outcomes of IUI were worse in patients with unilateral tubal occlusion than in those with unexplained infertility.This might be primarily caused by the worse outcome of patients with unilateral mid-distal tubal occlusion instead of proximal occlusion.
文摘In this paper,the voltammetric behaviours of Ag cylinder electrode in 1 mol/dm(3)KOH solution have been investigated in the presence of ultrasound irradiation.The results based on the CV,EIS and polarization measurements showed that ultrasound could enhance the mass transport,inhibit the oxygen evolution and increase the exchange current.
文摘Existing pressure drilling technologies are based on different principles and display distinct characteristics in terms of control pressure and degree of formation adaptability.In the present study,the constant-bottomhole-pressure(CBHP)and controlled-mud-level(CML)dual gradient drilling methods are considered.Models for the equivalent circulating density(ECD)are introduced for both drilling methods,taking into account the control pressure parameters(wellhead back pressure,displacement,mud level,etc.)and the relationship between the equivalent circulating density curve in the wellbore and two different types of pressure profiles in deep-water areas.The findings suggest that the main pressure control parameter for CBHP drilling is the wellhead back pressure,while for CML dual gradient drilling,it is the mud level.Two examples are considered(wells S1 and B2).For S1,CML dual gradient drilling only needs to adjust the ECD curve once to drill down to the target layer without risk.By comparison,CBHP drilling requires multiple adjustments to reach the target well depth avoiding a kick risk.In well B2,the CBHP method can drill down to the desired zone or even deeper after a single adjustment of the ECD curve.In contrast,CML dual-gradient drilling requires multiple adjustments to reach the target well depth(otherwise there is a risk of lost circulation).Therefore,CML dual-gradient drilling should be considered as a better choice for well S1,while CBHP drilling is more suitable for well B2.
基金2022 Northwest University for Nationalities School-Level Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Programme Project“Chemotherapeutic Drug-Induced Senescence of Mouse Ovarian Granulosa Cells”(Project No.:X202210742320)。
文摘Premature ovarian failure refers to ovarian function failure in women before the age of 40 years due to follicular depletion or follicular dysfunction resulting in abnormal hormone levels.The etiology and pathogenesis of premature ovarian failure may be related to genetic,immunological,medical,environmental,infectious,psychological and enzyme deficiencies.The treatment involves Western medicine,Chinese medicine,and a combination of Chinese and Western medicine,and the treatment level includes hormone level,cellular level,surgery and psychological aspect.This paper would like to review the progress of the etiology,pathogenesis and treatment of premature ovarian failure in recent years.
