Biosynthesizing Au nanoparticles(AuNPs)from gold-bearing scraps provides a sustainable method to meet the urgent demand for AuNPs.However,it remains challenging to efficiently biosynthesize AuNPs of which the diameter...Biosynthesizing Au nanoparticles(AuNPs)from gold-bearing scraps provides a sustainable method to meet the urgent demand for AuNPs.However,it remains challenging to efficiently biosynthesize AuNPs of which the diameter is less than 10 nm from a trace amount of Au^(3+)concentration at the level of tens ppm.Here,we constructed an exoelectrogenic cell(eCell)-conductive reduced-graphene-oxide aero-gel(rGA)biohybrid by assembling Shewanella sp.S1(SS1)as living biocatalyst and rGA as conductive ad-sorbent,in which Au^(3+)at trace concentrations would be enriched by the adsorption of rGA and reduced to AuNPs through the extracellular electron transfer(EET)of SS1.To regulate the size of the synthe-sized AuNPs to 10 nm,the strain SS1 was engineered to enhance its EET,resulting in strain RS2(pYYD-P tac-ribADEHC&pHG13-P_(bad)-omcC in SS1).Strain RS2 was further assembled with rGA to construct the RS2-rGA biohybrid,which could synthesize AuNPs with the size of 7.62±2.82 nm from 60 ppm Au^(3+)so-lution.The eCell-rGA biohybrid integrated Au^(3+)adsorption and reduction,which enabled AuNPs biosyn-thesis from a trace amount of Au^(3+).Thus,the required Au^(3+)ions concentration was reduced by one or two orders of magnitude compared with conventional methods of AuNPs biosynthesis.Our work devel-oped an AuNPs size regulation technology via engineering eCell’s EET with synthetic biology methods,providing a feasible approach to synthesize AuNPs with controllable size from trace level of gold ions.展开更多
The complex behaviors of expansive soils,particularly their volumetric changes driven by moisture variations,pose significant challenges in urban geotechnical engineering.Although vegetation-induced moisture changes a...The complex behaviors of expansive soils,particularly their volumetric changes driven by moisture variations,pose significant challenges in urban geotechnical engineering.Although vegetation-induced moisture changes are known to affect ground movement,quantitative characterization of tree–soil interactions remains limited due to insufficient field data and unclear relationships between tree water uptake and soil response.This study investigates the mechanical behavior of expansive clay soils influenced by two Lophostemon confertus samples during a 14-month field monitoring program in Melbourne,Australia.The research methodology integrates measurements of soil displacement,total soil suction,moisture content,and tree water consumption through instrumentation and monitoring systems.Field measurements suggest that tree roots reached the limits of their water extraction capacity when total soil suction exceeded 2880 kPa within the active root zone.The spatial extent of tree-induced soil desiccation reached 0.6–0.7 times the tree height laterally and penetrated to depths of 2.5–3.3 m vertically.The mature sample,with an 86%greater crown area and a threefold larger sapwood area,exhibited 142%higher water consumption(35 kL),demonstrating the scalability of tree–soil interaction mechanisms.A multiple linear regression model was developed to quantify the coupled relationships between soil movement and key variables,achieving a high adjusted R2 value of 0.97,which provides engineers and practitioners with a practical tool for estimating ground movement near trees.These findings offer valuable insights for infrastructure design in tree-adjacent environments and can inform computational models and design codes to enable more accurate site assessments and sustainable urban development.展开更多
Biochar,a solid carbonaceous material produced by heating biomass in oxygen-free or low-oxygen conditions(pyrolysis),has been used in various applications,including wastewater treatment,carbon sequestration,and improv...Biochar,a solid carbonaceous material produced by heating biomass in oxygen-free or low-oxygen conditions(pyrolysis),has been used in various applications,including wastewater treatment,carbon sequestration,and improving soil fertility.However,very limited research has been performed to explore its feasibility to improve the expansive clay(EC)subgrade.In this study,fine-grained wood biochar derived from wood waste was used to stabilise and enhance the mechanical performance of the EC as road subgrade.A comprehensive series of geotechnical tests,including unconfined compressive strength(UCS),California bearing ratio(CBR),repeated load triaxial(RLT),and swelling-shrinkage tests,were conducted to investigate the engineering properties of expansive clay mixed with different contents of the fine-grained biochar(FGB)(i.e.0,1%,2%,3%,and 4%by weight of dry soil).Furthermore,X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray fluorescence(XRF),X-ray micro-CT,and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)analyses were performed to study the microchemical modification of the EC-FGB mixtures.The results showed that adding FGB reduced the swelling and shrinkage potential while enhancing the mechanical properties of the EC.The micro-level analysis also supported the enhancement of the geotechnical performance of the EC resulting from the incorporation of FGB.According to the test results,2%FGB was considered the optimum content,increasing UCS,CBR,and resilient modulus by 31.1%,24.1%,and 31.5%,respectively,and decreasing the swell-shrinkage index by 7%.展开更多
Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have attracted considerable interest in the fields of energy and environmental science due to their adjustable catalytic activity.In this study,we investigated the matching of valence electr...Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have attracted considerable interest in the fields of energy and environmental science due to their adjustable catalytic activity.In this study,we investigated the matching of valence electron numbers between single atoms and adsorbed intermediates(O,N,C,and H)in MXene-anchored SACs(M-Ti_(2)C/M-Ti_(2)CO_(2)).The density functional theory results demonstrated that the sum of the valence electron number(VM)of the interface-doped metal and the valence electron number(VA)of the adsorbed intermediates in M-Ti_(2)C followed the 10-valence electron matching law.Furthermore,based on the 10-valence electron matching law,we deduced that the sum of the valence electron number(k)and VMfor the molecular adsorption intermediate interactions in M-Ti_(2)CO_(2)adhered to the 11-valence electron matching law.Electrostatic repulsion between the interface electrons in M-Ti_(2)CO_(2)and H_(2)O weakened the adsorption of intermediates,Furthermore,we applied the 11-valence electron matching law to guide the design of catalysts for nitrogen reduction reaction,specifically for N_(2)→NNH conversion,in the MTi_(2)CO_(2)structure.The sure independence screening and sparsifying operator algorithm was used to fit a simple three-dimensional descriptor of the adsorbate(R_(2)up to 0.970)for catalyst design.Our study introduced a valence electron matching principle between doped metals(single atoms)and adsorbed intermediates(atomic and molecular)for MXene-based catalysts,providing new insights into the design of high-performance SACs.展开更多
Stroke at the acute stage is a major cause of disability in adults, and is associated with dysfunction of brain networks. However, the mechanisms underlying changes in brain connectivity in stroke are far from fully e...Stroke at the acute stage is a major cause of disability in adults, and is associated with dysfunction of brain networks. However, the mechanisms underlying changes in brain connectivity in stroke are far from fully elucidated. In the present study, we investigated brain metabolism and metabolic connectivity in a rat ischemic stroke model of middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） at the acute stage using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Voxel-wise analysis showed decreased metabolism mainly in the ipsilesional hemi- sphere, and increased metabolism mainly in the contrale- sional cerebellum. We used further metabolic connectivity analysis to explore the brain metabolic network in MCAO. Compared to sham controls, rats with MCAO showed most significantly reduced nodal and local efficiency in the ipsilesional striatum. In addition, the MCAO group showed decreased metabolic central connection of the ipsilesional striatum with the ipsilesional cerebellum, ipsilesional hippocampus, and bilateral hypothalamus. Taken together, the present study demonstrated abnormal metabolic con- nectivity in rats at the acute stage of ischemic stroke, which might provide insight into clinical research.展开更多
Skeletal muscle plays a paramount role in physical activity,metabolism,and energy balance,while its homeostasis is being challenged by multiple unfavorable factors such as injury,aging,or obesity.Exosomes,a subset of ...Skeletal muscle plays a paramount role in physical activity,metabolism,and energy balance,while its homeostasis is being challenged by multiple unfavorable factors such as injury,aging,or obesity.Exosomes,a subset of extracellular vesicles,are now recognized as essential mediators of intercellular communication,holding great clinical potential in the treatment of skeletal muscle diseases.Herein,we outline the recent research progress in exosomal isolation,characterization,and mechanism of action,and emphatically discuss current advances in exosomes derived from multiple organs and tissues,and engineered exosomes regarding the regulation of physiological and pathological development of skeletal muscle.These remarkable advances expand our understanding of myogenesis and muscle diseases.Meanwhile,the engineered exosome,as an endogenous nanocarrier combined with advanced design methodologies of biomolecules,will help to open up innovative therapeutic perspectives for the treatment of muscle diseases.展开更多
The toxicity of ionic liquids（ILs） on soil organisms has aroused wide attention due to their high-solubility. The present investigation focused on the toxicity of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate（[C8mim]NO3） on...The toxicity of ionic liquids（ILs） on soil organisms has aroused wide attention due to their high-solubility. The present investigation focused on the toxicity of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate（[C8mim]NO3） on the microbial populations（bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes）, soil enzyme（urease, dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, and β-glucosidase）activities, microbial community diversity using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism（T-RFLP）, and abundance of the ammonia monooxygenase（amoA） genes of ammonia-oxidizing archaea（AOA） and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria（AOB） using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction（q-PCR） in brown soil at each trial with doses of 0, 1.0, 5.0,and 10.0 mg/kg on days 10, 20, 30, and 40. The contents of [C8mim]NO3 in soil were measured using high performance liquid chromatography with recoveries of 84.3% to 85.2%, and changed less than 10% during the experimental period. A significant decrease was observed from the bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes populations at 10.0 mg/kg, at which the urease activity was inhibited and the β-glucosidase activity was stimulated on days 20, 30, and 40. In addition, [C8mim]NO3 inhibited the dehydrogenase activity at 10 mg/kg on days 30 and 40 and the acid phosphatase activity on day 20. The diversity of the soil microbial community and the gene abundance of AOA-and AOB-amo A were also inhibited. Furthermore, the present investigation provided more scientific information for the toxicity evaluation of ILs in soil.展开更多
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)affects millions of people worldwide and has emerged as a growing problem in industrialized nations.The lack of therapeutic targets has limited the treatment of IBD.Studies fo...BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)affects millions of people worldwide and has emerged as a growing problem in industrialized nations.The lack of therapeutic targets has limited the treatment of IBD.Studies found that parasitic nematode infections can ameliorate clinical and experimental colitis.Our previous study found that rSj16,a 16-kDa secreted protein of Schistosoma japonicum produced by Escherichia coli,has protective effects on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in mice.Apoptosis is an important factor in the pathogenesis of colitis.However,it is not clear whether the effect of rSj16 on colitis is related to apoptosis.AIM To investigate whether the protective effects of rSj16 on colitis is related to apoptosis and its mechanism.METHODS In-vivo,colitis was induced by DSS.The severity of colitis was assessed.WB was used to detect the changes of apoptosis-related genes in colon tissues.Q-PCR was used to detect the changes of miRNA-217-5p and HNF1B.In-vitro,WB was used to detect the changes of apoptosis-related genes in intestinal epithelial cells.TUNNEL staining and flow cytometry were used to detect cell apoptosis.RESULTS rSj16 attenuates clinical activity in DSS-induced colitis mice.TUNNEL staining and WB results showed that apoptosis was increased in colon tissue after treatment with DSS,and the apoptosis of colon tissue was significantly reduced after treatment with rSj16.Compared with normal mice,the expression of miR-217-5p was increased in colon tissue of DSS-induced colitis mice.In addition,the miR-217-5p target gene hnf1b was decreased after administration of DSS.After treatment with rSj16,the expression of miR-217-5p was decreased and the expression of HNF1B was increased compared with the DSS-treated group.When Etoposide was used in combination with miR-217-5p mimic on MODE-K cells,the expression of cleaved-Caspase-3 and Bax was increased,and Bcl-2 was decreased compared with only Etoposide treatment,the expression of HNF1B was significantly reduced,suggesting that miR-217-5p acts as a pro-apoptotic in colon epithelial cells and down-regulates the target gene hnf1b.After rSj16 administration in MODE-K cells,miR-217-5p expression was significantly decreased,HNF1B expression was increased,and apoptosis was reduced.CONCLUSION The protective effects of rSj16 on colitis is related to apoptosis and miRNA-217-5p may be a further target for therapeutic intervention against IBD.展开更多
With the development of big data and cloud computing technology,more and more users choose to store data on cloud servers,which brings much convenience to their management and use of data,and also the risk of data lea...With the development of big data and cloud computing technology,more and more users choose to store data on cloud servers,which brings much convenience to their management and use of data,and also the risk of data leakage.A common method to prevent data leakage is to encrypt the data before uploading it,but the traditional encryption method is often not conducive to data sharing and querying.In this paper,a new kind of Attribute-Based Encryption(ABE)scheme,which is called the Sub-String Searchable ABE(SSS-ABE)scheme,is proposed for the sharing and querying of the encrypted data.In the SSS-ABE scheme,the data owner encrypts the data under an access structure,and only the data user who satisfies the access structure can query and decrypt it.The data user can make a substring query on the whole ciphertext without setting keywords in advance.In addition,the outsourcing method is also introduced to reduce the local computation of the decryption process so that the outsourcing SSS-ABE scheme can be applied to IoT devices.展开更多
BACKGROUND The ingestion of foreign bodies(FBs)and food bolus impaction(FBI)in the digestive tract are commonly encountered clinical problems.Methods to handle such problems continue to evolve offering advantages,such...BACKGROUND The ingestion of foreign bodies(FBs)and food bolus impaction(FBI)in the digestive tract are commonly encountered clinical problems.Methods to handle such problems continue to evolve offering advantages,such as the avoidance of surgery,reduced cost,improved visualization,reduced morbidity,and high removal success rate.However,to date,no studies have evaluated the endoscopic management of FBs in Japan.AIM To elucidate level of safety and efficacy in the endoscopic management of FBs and FBI.METHODS A total of 215 procedures were performed at Keio University Hospital between November 2007 and August 2018.Data were collected from medical charts,and endoscopic details were collected from an endoscopic reporting system.Procedures performed with a flexible gastrointestinal endoscope were only taken into account.Patients who underwent a technique involving FB or FBI from the digestive tract were only included.Data on patient sex,patient age,outpatient,inpatient,FB type,FB location,procedure time,procedure type,removal device type,success,and technical complications were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS Among the 215 procedures,136(63.3%)were performed in old adults(≥60 years),180(83.7%)procedures were performed in outpatients.The most common type of FBs were press-through-pack(PTP)medications[72(33.5%)cases],FBI[47(21.9%)],Anisakis parasite(AP)[41(19.1%)cases].Most FBs were located in the esophagus[130(60.5%)cases]followed by the stomach[68(31.6%)cases].AP was commonly found in the stomach[39(57.4%)cases],and it was removed using biopsy forceps in 97.5%of the cases.The most common FBs according to anatomical location were PTP medications(40%)and dental prostheses(DP)(40%)in the laryngopharynx,PTP(48.5%)in the esophagus,AP(57.4%)in the stomach,DP(37.5%)in the small intestine and video capsule endoscopy device(75%)in the colon.A transparent cap with grasping forceps was the most commonly used device[82(38.1%)cases].The success rate of the procedure was 100%,and complication were observed in only one case(0.5%).CONCLUSION Endoscopic management of FBs and FBI in our Hospital is extremely safe and effective.展开更多
Traditional strapdown inertial navigation system （SINS） algorithm studies are based on ideal measurements from gy- ros and accelerometers, while in the actual strapdown inertial measurement unit （SIMU）, time-async...Traditional strapdown inertial navigation system （SINS） algorithm studies are based on ideal measurements from gy- ros and accelerometers, while in the actual strapdown inertial measurement unit （SIMU）, time-asynchrony between each iner- tial sensor is inevitable. Testing principles and methods for time- asynchrony parameter identification are studied. Under the single- axis swaying environment, the relationships between the SINS platform drift rate and the gyro time-asynchrony are derived using the SINS attitude error equation. It is found that the gyro time- asynchrony error can be considered as a kind of pseudo-coning motion error caused by data processing. After gyro testing and synchronization, the single-axis tumble test method is introduced for the testing of each accelerometer time-asynchrony with respect to the ideal gyro triad. Accelerometer time-asynchrony parame- ter identification models are established using SINS specific force equation. Finally, all of the relative time-asynchrony parameters between inertial sensors are well identified by using fiber optic gyro SIMU as experimental verification.展开更多
Background Fatty liver disease causes huge economic losses in the poultry industry due to its high occurrence and lethality rate.Three-dimensional(3D)chromatin architecture takes part in disease processing by regulati...Background Fatty liver disease causes huge economic losses in the poultry industry due to its high occurrence and lethality rate.Three-dimensional(3D)chromatin architecture takes part in disease processing by regulating tran-scriptional reprogramming.The study is carried out to investigate the alterations of hepatic 3D genome and H3K27ac profiling in early fatty liver(FLS)and reveal their effect on hepatic transcriptional reprogramming in laying hens.Results Results show that FLS model is constructed with obvious phenotypes including hepatic visible lipid deposi-tion as well as higher total triglyceride and cholesterol in serum.A/B compartment switching,topologically associat-ing domain(TAD)and chromatin loop changes are identified by high-throughput/resolution chromosome conforma-tion capture(HiC)technology.Targeted genes of these alternations in hepatic 3D genome organization significantly enrich pathways related to lipid metabolism and hepatic damage.H3K27ac differential peaks and differential expres-sion genes(DEGs)identified through RNA-seq analysis are also enriched in these pathways.Notably,certain DEGs are found to correspond with changes in 3D chromatin structure and H3K27ac binding in their promoters.DNA motif analysis reveals that candidate transcription factors are implicated in regulating transcriptional reprogram-ming.Furthermore,disturbed folate metabolism is observed,as evidenced by lower folate levels and altered enzyme expression.Conclusion Our findings establish a link between transcriptional reprogramming changes and 3D chromatin struc-ture variations during early FLS formation,which provides candidate transcription factors and folate as targets for FLS prevention or treatment.展开更多
with the socio-economic development and people's living condition improvement,the requirement for environment is higher and higher and the mental demand is also more and more.For this,Beijing Municipal Bureau of L...with the socio-economic development and people's living condition improvement,the requirement for environment is higher and higher and the mental demand is also more and more.For this,Beijing Municipal Bureau of Landscape and Forestry listed survey programs of consumption demands of flower market in Beijing in 2014,and provided several recommendations in line with current situations,problems and environment of the flower industry,for future reference of flower decision making of Beijing.In March 2014,the authors carried out survey in flower market of Beijing and participated in survey of management of flower industry.In May of the same year,combining this study,they visited ten districts(counties),including Dongcheng,Xicheng,Chaoyang,Fengtai,Shijingshan,and Daxing,together with relevant flower researchers,and carried out in-depth survey in several districts(counties)with better foundation of flower industry.Besides,with reference to China Flower&Gardening News and China Flowers&Horticulture,and relevant literature,it summarized and sorted out many years of various materials and statistical data of flower industry in Beijing.On the basis of surveying different flower markets and production areas and analyzing relevant data,the authors visited famous flower enterprises and large flower production and sales households in Beijing,elaborated current situations of Beijing flower industry in industrial foundation,development environment,industrial distribution,product type,and circulation field,and pointed out major problems in product type,market structure,production cost,service system,and logistics channels.Finally,it came up with practical and feasible solutions,hoping to provide certain reference for excellent development of flower industry in Beijing.展开更多
Objective:To study the energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).Methods:Literature induction method was applied to study the energy properties,energy pharmacological connotation,and energy phar...Objective:To study the energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).Methods:Literature induction method was applied to study the energy properties,energy pharmacological connotation,and energy pharmacological effects of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).Results:The warm and hot properties of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)are exactly its energy properties.The energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is based on its energy properties,which is different from the modern aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)pharmacology that is based on the chemical composition of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).In addition,the energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)includes not only the traditional energy pharmacology but also the modern energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).The traditional energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is mainly manifested as the energy effect of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)at the whole-body level,warm yang and dissipate cold,whereas the modern energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is manifested as the physiological and pathological energy effect of warm and thermal energy properties of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)at the tissue,cellular,and molecular levels of the body,mainly strengthening the heart,protecting cardiac muscles,dilating blood vessels,and having anti-arrhythmia,anti-shock,anti-inflammatory,analgesic,and antineoplastic effects.The traditional energy pharmacology and modern energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)constitute the basic connotation of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)energy pharmacology.For the aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)energy pharmacology,there is a substantial foundation,its chemical components such as alkaloids.In addition,the toxicity of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is a manifestation of its energy pharmacology.Conclusion:aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)has energy properties that have substantial foundation.The energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is based on its high energy and hot properties and includes the traditional energy pharmacology and modern energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).展开更多
Limonin, the main bioactive phytochemical constituent of limonoids with multi-functions, is enriched in citrus fruits and often found at a high concentration in citrus seeds. The present study was attempted to introdu...Limonin, the main bioactive phytochemical constituent of limonoids with multi-functions, is enriched in citrus fruits and often found at a high concentration in citrus seeds. The present study was attempted to introduce a new and efficient extraction method to isolate limonoids from pummelo seeds, and to evaluate the antioxidant property of the main constituent limonin in Hep G2 cells. Three key single factors were identified for the extraction of limonoids from pummelo seeds using the Box-Behnken experiment design of response surface methodology(RSM), and the optimized extraction parameters were treatment with 89.68 m L of anhydrous acetone for 4.62 h at 78.94C, while the yield of limonoids was 11.52 mg/g. The structure of isolated main constituent of the limonoids was further identified as limonin by Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectrometer and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectrum. Moreover, the molecular data in Hep G2 cells revealed that limonin exerted its anti-oxidant property mainly by the activation of nuclear factor(erythroid-2)-like 2(Nrf2)/kelch-like ECHassociated protein 1(Keap1)-antioxidant response element(ARE) pathway in the form of transcriptional regulation of Nrf2 m RNA and posttranscriptional regulation of Nrf2/Keap1 system. These results demonstrate that pummelo seeds are an ideal source of limonoids, and limonin is proved to exert its anti-oxidant property by the activation of Nrf2/Keap1 pathway.展开更多
With rapid progress in the yeast fermentation industry,a comprehensive commercial yeast quality assessment approach integrating efficiency,accuracy,sensitivity,and cost-effectiveness is required.In this study,a new ye...With rapid progress in the yeast fermentation industry,a comprehensive commercial yeast quality assessment approach integrating efficiency,accuracy,sensitivity,and cost-effectiveness is required.In this study,a new yeast quality assessment method based on single-cell Raman technology was developed and contrasted with traditional methods.The findings demonstrated significant associations(Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.933 on average)between the two methods in measuring physiological indicators,including cell viability and intra-cellular trehalose content,demonstrating the credibility of the Raman method compared to the traditional method.Furthermore,the sensitivity of the Raman method in viable but non-culturable cells was higher in measuring yeast cell viability(17.9%more sensitive).According to the accurate quantitative analysis of metabolic activity level(MAL)of yeast cells,the cell vitality was accurately quantified at population and singlecell levels,offering a more comprehensive assessment of yeast fermentation performance.Overall,the single-cell Raman method integrates credibility,feasibility,accuracy,and sensitivity in yeast quality assessment,offering a new technological framework for quality assessments of live-cell yeast products.展开更多
Multiple stressors are believed to deteriorate production performance and cause substantial economiclosses in commercial poultry farming. Folic acid (FA) is an antioxidant compound that can improveoocyte function and ...Multiple stressors are believed to deteriorate production performance and cause substantial economiclosses in commercial poultry farming. Folic acid (FA) is an antioxidant compound that can improveoocyte function and regulate gut microbiota composition. The current study was conducted to investigatethe role of FA in alleviating stress and improving production performance. Sixty Hyline Brown layinghens at 21 weeks of age were randomly divided into three groups, with 10 replicates in each group andeach replicate containing two chickens. Each group received basic diet and saline injection (Con group),basic diet with dexamethasone (DXM) injection (DXM group), or basic diet supplemented with FA(13 mg/kg in the premix) with DXM injection (FA group). The feeding trial lasted five weeks. Birds in theDXM and FA groups receiving subcutaneous DXM injections at a dosage of 4.50 mg/kg per day during thefirst seven days of the trial. Results showed that the levels of corticosterone, triglyceride, total cholesterol,and malondialdehyde in serum were significantly increased in the DXM group (P < 0.05), while theconcentrations of FA and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate were decreased in the DXM group (P < 0.05). Layinghens in the DXM group had lower laying rates and egg quality, including egg weight, eggshell thickness,eggshell strength, albumen height, and Haugh units (P < 0.05). Conversely, FA alleviated these negativeimpacts. Through transcriptome analysis, a total of 247 and 151 differentially expressed genes wereidentified among the three groups, and 32 overlapped genes were further identified. Moreover, 44 and59 differential metabolites were influenced by DXM and FA, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genesand Genomes enrichment from the transcriptome and metabolomics showed that the reduced productionperformance may be due to the disturbance of oocyte production, calcium metabolism, andoxidative stress. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences revealed the differential microbialcomposition and potential functional changes among the different groups. LEfSe analysis showed thatMucispirillum and Nautella were the predominant bacteria in the DXM group, while Clostridium was thepredominant bacteria in the FA group. Functional prediction demonstrated that stressors enhanced fattyacid biosynthesis, while betaine biosynthesis and retinol metabolism were elevated in the FA group.Dietary FA reversed the elevated levels of bile acids (BA), including cholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid,and taurochenodeoxycholic acid (P < 0.05). The DXM group showed an overall decrease in short-chainfatty acids (SCFA), but FA restored the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, and isobutyric acid(P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study reveals that dietary FA can alleviate the degradation of productionperformance caused by stress through improving circulating antioxidant capacity, maintaining intestinal microbiota homeostasis, and regulating SCFA and BA biosynthesis. Thus, highlighting the prominent roleof gut microbe-host interactions in alleviating multi-stresses.展开更多
Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system are common,yet few effective strategies for myelin repair and remyelination are available.An increasing number of studies highlight the role of microRNAs(miRNAs)as ...Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system are common,yet few effective strategies for myelin repair and remyelination are available.An increasing number of studies highlight the role of microRNAs(miRNAs)as key regulators of demyelination.miRNA mimics and inhibitors,which are currently in preclinical development,have shown promise as novel therapeutic agents.However,the mechanisms by which they protect myelin are not fully understood.Using a mouse model of acute central nervous system demyelination induced by infection with Angiostrongylus cantonensis,we investigated alterations in miRNA expression in the mouse brain.Our findings revealed a significant early-stage increase in the levels of miR-200,particularly miR-200a and miR-200c.Subsequent analysis demonstrated that combined miR-200a and miR-200c overexpression improved neurobehavioral outcomes and attenuated demyelination in Angiostrongylus cantonensis-infected mice.Further lipid metabolomic profiling indicated that miR-200a and miR-200c synergistically inhibited the production of phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN)and activated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway,as confirmed by double luciferase reporter assay and western blotting.Additionally,in vitro experiments showed that miR-200a and miR-200c protected oligodendrocyte precursor cells from lipopolysaccharide-induced damage and enhanced their survival.Our study indicates the critical role of miR-200a and miR-200c in protecting against central nervous system demyelination by targeting PTEN and modulating key survival pathways.Furthermore,our findings suggest that miR-200a and miR-200c are promising diagnostic biomarkers of and therapeutic targets for treating demyelination-related disorders.展开更多
Background The role of bile acids in modulating the gut microbiota and their impact on host metabolism has garnered significant attention.Taurochenodeoxycholic acid(TCDCA)is the predominant bile acid within the chicke...Background The role of bile acids in modulating the gut microbiota and their impact on host metabolism has garnered significant attention.Taurochenodeoxycholic acid(TCDCA)is the predominant bile acid within the chicken bile acid pool and is closely related to metabolic disorders.The current study aims to investigate the potential effects of TCDCA on abdominal fat deposition in broilers.From 14 to 28 days of age,the broilers in the CON group received an oral administration of 1 mL of saline,while those in the treatment groups were administered 1 mL of a solution containing 0.05 g,0.10 g,or 0.20 g of TCDCA.Results The results showed that TCDCA treatments from 14 to 28 d had no significant effects on BW,ADFI,ADG and FCR in broilers at the age of 28 days of age.However,the abdominal fat percentage in the 0.20 g TCDCA group significantly increased,accompanied by higher TBA and HDL-c levels,as well as a reduction in apolipoprotein B levels in serum.In addition,serum triglyceride levels tended to be higher in the 0.20 g TCDCA group(P=0.098).The 0.20 g TCDCA treatment increased the gene expressions of SREBP-1,C/EBP-α,and ELOVL6,while decreasing the mRNA abundance of ATGL and CPT-1 in the abdominal fat.Serum levels of TCDCA,TDCA,and THDCA were significantly higher after 0.20 g TCDCA administration,while TCA levels were significantly lower,as determined by the targeted bile acid metabolomics analysis.Conversely,hepatic mRNA levels of CYP7A1,CYP27A1,BAAT,and BSEP were increased in the 0.20 g TCDCA group.The oral administration of 0.20 g TCDCA also upregulated the expression of FXR,VDR,and FGF19 in abdominal fat.The 16S rRNA analysis of cecal microbiota revealed that a decrease in the Shannon and Simpson indexes in the 0.20 g TCDCA group,and an increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio.LEfSe analysis revealed that the predominant bacteria in the CON group were Streptococcus and Oscillospira at the genus level,while Lactobacillus,Parabacteroides,Anaeroplasma,and Helicobacter were identified as the dominant genera in the 0.20 g TCDCA group.Functional predictions for the gut microbiota exhibited that lipid metabolism,replication and repair pathway were enhanced in the 0.20 g TCDCA group.Correlation analysis demonstrated that the abundance of Lactobacillus was positively correlated with serum levels of TCDCA,THDCA,and TDCA,while the abundance of Streptococcus and Oscillospira showed a positive correlation with serum TCA levels.Conclusion Overall,this study elucidates that the intervention of 0.20 g TCDCA may promote abdominal fat deposition by activating bile acid receptors in abdominal fat,and concurrent alterations in both the intestinal microbial community and bile acid profile.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFA0901300)the Na-tional Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.NSFC 32071411,NSFC 32001034,and NSFC 31701569)+1 种基金the Young Science and Tech-nology Talents Growth Project of Education Department of Guizhou Province(No.KY[2018]445)Key Laboratory of Wuliangye-flavor Liquor Solid-state Fermentation,China National Light Indus-try(No.2021JJ013).
文摘Biosynthesizing Au nanoparticles(AuNPs)from gold-bearing scraps provides a sustainable method to meet the urgent demand for AuNPs.However,it remains challenging to efficiently biosynthesize AuNPs of which the diameter is less than 10 nm from a trace amount of Au^(3+)concentration at the level of tens ppm.Here,we constructed an exoelectrogenic cell(eCell)-conductive reduced-graphene-oxide aero-gel(rGA)biohybrid by assembling Shewanella sp.S1(SS1)as living biocatalyst and rGA as conductive ad-sorbent,in which Au^(3+)at trace concentrations would be enriched by the adsorption of rGA and reduced to AuNPs through the extracellular electron transfer(EET)of SS1.To regulate the size of the synthe-sized AuNPs to 10 nm,the strain SS1 was engineered to enhance its EET,resulting in strain RS2(pYYD-P tac-ribADEHC&pHG13-P_(bad)-omcC in SS1).Strain RS2 was further assembled with rGA to construct the RS2-rGA biohybrid,which could synthesize AuNPs with the size of 7.62±2.82 nm from 60 ppm Au^(3+)so-lution.The eCell-rGA biohybrid integrated Au^(3+)adsorption and reduction,which enabled AuNPs biosyn-thesis from a trace amount of Au^(3+).Thus,the required Au^(3+)ions concentration was reduced by one or two orders of magnitude compared with conventional methods of AuNPs biosynthesis.Our work devel-oped an AuNPs size regulation technology via engineering eCell’s EET with synthetic biology methods,providing a feasible approach to synthesize AuNPs with controllable size from trace level of gold ions.
基金funded by the Australian Research Council via the ARC Linkage(Grant No.LP16160100649).
文摘The complex behaviors of expansive soils,particularly their volumetric changes driven by moisture variations,pose significant challenges in urban geotechnical engineering.Although vegetation-induced moisture changes are known to affect ground movement,quantitative characterization of tree–soil interactions remains limited due to insufficient field data and unclear relationships between tree water uptake and soil response.This study investigates the mechanical behavior of expansive clay soils influenced by two Lophostemon confertus samples during a 14-month field monitoring program in Melbourne,Australia.The research methodology integrates measurements of soil displacement,total soil suction,moisture content,and tree water consumption through instrumentation and monitoring systems.Field measurements suggest that tree roots reached the limits of their water extraction capacity when total soil suction exceeded 2880 kPa within the active root zone.The spatial extent of tree-induced soil desiccation reached 0.6–0.7 times the tree height laterally and penetrated to depths of 2.5–3.3 m vertically.The mature sample,with an 86%greater crown area and a threefold larger sapwood area,exhibited 142%higher water consumption(35 kL),demonstrating the scalability of tree–soil interaction mechanisms.A multiple linear regression model was developed to quantify the coupled relationships between soil movement and key variables,achieving a high adjusted R2 value of 0.97,which provides engineers and practitioners with a practical tool for estimating ground movement near trees.These findings offer valuable insights for infrastructure design in tree-adjacent environments and can inform computational models and design codes to enable more accurate site assessments and sustainable urban development.
基金supported by the Australian Research Council Training Centre for Whole Life Design of Carbon Neutral Infrastructure(Grant No.IC230100015).
文摘Biochar,a solid carbonaceous material produced by heating biomass in oxygen-free or low-oxygen conditions(pyrolysis),has been used in various applications,including wastewater treatment,carbon sequestration,and improving soil fertility.However,very limited research has been performed to explore its feasibility to improve the expansive clay(EC)subgrade.In this study,fine-grained wood biochar derived from wood waste was used to stabilise and enhance the mechanical performance of the EC as road subgrade.A comprehensive series of geotechnical tests,including unconfined compressive strength(UCS),California bearing ratio(CBR),repeated load triaxial(RLT),and swelling-shrinkage tests,were conducted to investigate the engineering properties of expansive clay mixed with different contents of the fine-grained biochar(FGB)(i.e.0,1%,2%,3%,and 4%by weight of dry soil).Furthermore,X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray fluorescence(XRF),X-ray micro-CT,and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)analyses were performed to study the microchemical modification of the EC-FGB mixtures.The results showed that adding FGB reduced the swelling and shrinkage potential while enhancing the mechanical properties of the EC.The micro-level analysis also supported the enhancement of the geotechnical performance of the EC resulting from the incorporation of FGB.According to the test results,2%FGB was considered the optimum content,increasing UCS,CBR,and resilient modulus by 31.1%,24.1%,and 31.5%,respectively,and decreasing the swell-shrinkage index by 7%.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61701288,51706128)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(2021JM-485)+2 种基金the Key Scientific Research Project of Shaanxi Provincial Education Department(20JS019)the High-level Achievement Cultivation Project of Collaborative Innovation Center for Comprehensive Development of Qinba Biological Resources(QBXT-17-8)the Postgraduate Innovation Project of Shaanxi University of Technology(SLGYCX2410).
文摘Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have attracted considerable interest in the fields of energy and environmental science due to their adjustable catalytic activity.In this study,we investigated the matching of valence electron numbers between single atoms and adsorbed intermediates(O,N,C,and H)in MXene-anchored SACs(M-Ti_(2)C/M-Ti_(2)CO_(2)).The density functional theory results demonstrated that the sum of the valence electron number(VM)of the interface-doped metal and the valence electron number(VA)of the adsorbed intermediates in M-Ti_(2)C followed the 10-valence electron matching law.Furthermore,based on the 10-valence electron matching law,we deduced that the sum of the valence electron number(k)and VMfor the molecular adsorption intermediate interactions in M-Ti_(2)CO_(2)adhered to the 11-valence electron matching law.Electrostatic repulsion between the interface electrons in M-Ti_(2)CO_(2)and H_(2)O weakened the adsorption of intermediates,Furthermore,we applied the 11-valence electron matching law to guide the design of catalysts for nitrogen reduction reaction,specifically for N_(2)→NNH conversion,in the MTi_(2)CO_(2)structure.The sure independence screening and sparsifying operator algorithm was used to fit a simple three-dimensional descriptor of the adsorbate(R_(2)up to 0.970)for catalyst design.Our study introduced a valence electron matching principle between doped metals(single atoms)and adsorbed intermediates(atomic and molecular)for MXene-based catalysts,providing new insights into the design of high-performance SACs.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81471741,81471728,and 81671770)
文摘Stroke at the acute stage is a major cause of disability in adults, and is associated with dysfunction of brain networks. However, the mechanisms underlying changes in brain connectivity in stroke are far from fully elucidated. In the present study, we investigated brain metabolism and metabolic connectivity in a rat ischemic stroke model of middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） at the acute stage using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Voxel-wise analysis showed decreased metabolism mainly in the ipsilesional hemi- sphere, and increased metabolism mainly in the contrale- sional cerebellum. We used further metabolic connectivity analysis to explore the brain metabolic network in MCAO. Compared to sham controls, rats with MCAO showed most significantly reduced nodal and local efficiency in the ipsilesional striatum. In addition, the MCAO group showed decreased metabolic central connection of the ipsilesional striatum with the ipsilesional cerebellum, ipsilesional hippocampus, and bilateral hypothalamus. Taken together, the present study demonstrated abnormal metabolic con- nectivity in rats at the acute stage of ischemic stroke, which might provide insight into clinical research.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFF1000602)。
文摘Skeletal muscle plays a paramount role in physical activity,metabolism,and energy balance,while its homeostasis is being challenged by multiple unfavorable factors such as injury,aging,or obesity.Exosomes,a subset of extracellular vesicles,are now recognized as essential mediators of intercellular communication,holding great clinical potential in the treatment of skeletal muscle diseases.Herein,we outline the recent research progress in exosomal isolation,characterization,and mechanism of action,and emphatically discuss current advances in exosomes derived from multiple organs and tissues,and engineered exosomes regarding the regulation of physiological and pathological development of skeletal muscle.These remarkable advances expand our understanding of myogenesis and muscle diseases.Meanwhile,the engineered exosome,as an endogenous nanocarrier combined with advanced design methodologies of biomolecules,will help to open up innovative therapeutic perspectives for the treatment of muscle diseases.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan (Nos. 2017YFD0200307, 2016YFD0800202 and 2016YFD0201203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41771282, 41671320)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (No. ZR2017MD005)the Special Funds of Taishan Scholar of Shandong Province, China
文摘The toxicity of ionic liquids（ILs） on soil organisms has aroused wide attention due to their high-solubility. The present investigation focused on the toxicity of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate（[C8mim]NO3） on the microbial populations（bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes）, soil enzyme（urease, dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, and β-glucosidase）activities, microbial community diversity using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism（T-RFLP）, and abundance of the ammonia monooxygenase（amoA） genes of ammonia-oxidizing archaea（AOA） and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria（AOB） using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction（q-PCR） in brown soil at each trial with doses of 0, 1.0, 5.0,and 10.0 mg/kg on days 10, 20, 30, and 40. The contents of [C8mim]NO3 in soil were measured using high performance liquid chromatography with recoveries of 84.3% to 85.2%, and changed less than 10% during the experimental period. A significant decrease was observed from the bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes populations at 10.0 mg/kg, at which the urease activity was inhibited and the β-glucosidase activity was stimulated on days 20, 30, and 40. In addition, [C8mim]NO3 inhibited the dehydrogenase activity at 10 mg/kg on days 30 and 40 and the acid phosphatase activity on day 20. The diversity of the soil microbial community and the gene abundance of AOA-and AOB-amo A were also inhibited. Furthermore, the present investigation provided more scientific information for the toxicity evaluation of ILs in soil.
基金The study was reviewed and approved by the Sun Yat-sen University Institutional Review Board.(Approval No.SYSU-IACUC-2019-B517)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81902081 and No.81871682+5 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.2020A1515011573 and No.2019A1515012068China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2018M640858 and No.2019T120771Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.19ykpy170,No.17ykpy09 and No.19ykpy29National Science and Technology Major Project,No.2018ZX10101002-001the 111 Project,No.B12003and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.2021A1515010976.
文摘BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)affects millions of people worldwide and has emerged as a growing problem in industrialized nations.The lack of therapeutic targets has limited the treatment of IBD.Studies found that parasitic nematode infections can ameliorate clinical and experimental colitis.Our previous study found that rSj16,a 16-kDa secreted protein of Schistosoma japonicum produced by Escherichia coli,has protective effects on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in mice.Apoptosis is an important factor in the pathogenesis of colitis.However,it is not clear whether the effect of rSj16 on colitis is related to apoptosis.AIM To investigate whether the protective effects of rSj16 on colitis is related to apoptosis and its mechanism.METHODS In-vivo,colitis was induced by DSS.The severity of colitis was assessed.WB was used to detect the changes of apoptosis-related genes in colon tissues.Q-PCR was used to detect the changes of miRNA-217-5p and HNF1B.In-vitro,WB was used to detect the changes of apoptosis-related genes in intestinal epithelial cells.TUNNEL staining and flow cytometry were used to detect cell apoptosis.RESULTS rSj16 attenuates clinical activity in DSS-induced colitis mice.TUNNEL staining and WB results showed that apoptosis was increased in colon tissue after treatment with DSS,and the apoptosis of colon tissue was significantly reduced after treatment with rSj16.Compared with normal mice,the expression of miR-217-5p was increased in colon tissue of DSS-induced colitis mice.In addition,the miR-217-5p target gene hnf1b was decreased after administration of DSS.After treatment with rSj16,the expression of miR-217-5p was decreased and the expression of HNF1B was increased compared with the DSS-treated group.When Etoposide was used in combination with miR-217-5p mimic on MODE-K cells,the expression of cleaved-Caspase-3 and Bax was increased,and Bcl-2 was decreased compared with only Etoposide treatment,the expression of HNF1B was significantly reduced,suggesting that miR-217-5p acts as a pro-apoptotic in colon epithelial cells and down-regulates the target gene hnf1b.After rSj16 administration in MODE-K cells,miR-217-5p expression was significantly decreased,HNF1B expression was increased,and apoptosis was reduced.CONCLUSION The protective effects of rSj16 on colitis is related to apoptosis and miRNA-217-5p may be a further target for therapeutic intervention against IBD.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62071280,No.61602287)the Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Province(No.2020CXGC010115)the Guangxi Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Information Security(GCIS201901).
文摘With the development of big data and cloud computing technology,more and more users choose to store data on cloud servers,which brings much convenience to their management and use of data,and also the risk of data leakage.A common method to prevent data leakage is to encrypt the data before uploading it,but the traditional encryption method is often not conducive to data sharing and querying.In this paper,a new kind of Attribute-Based Encryption(ABE)scheme,which is called the Sub-String Searchable ABE(SSS-ABE)scheme,is proposed for the sharing and querying of the encrypted data.In the SSS-ABE scheme,the data owner encrypts the data under an access structure,and only the data user who satisfies the access structure can query and decrypt it.The data user can make a substring query on the whole ciphertext without setting keywords in advance.In addition,the outsourcing method is also introduced to reduce the local computation of the decryption process so that the outsourcing SSS-ABE scheme can be applied to IoT devices.
文摘BACKGROUND The ingestion of foreign bodies(FBs)and food bolus impaction(FBI)in the digestive tract are commonly encountered clinical problems.Methods to handle such problems continue to evolve offering advantages,such as the avoidance of surgery,reduced cost,improved visualization,reduced morbidity,and high removal success rate.However,to date,no studies have evaluated the endoscopic management of FBs in Japan.AIM To elucidate level of safety and efficacy in the endoscopic management of FBs and FBI.METHODS A total of 215 procedures were performed at Keio University Hospital between November 2007 and August 2018.Data were collected from medical charts,and endoscopic details were collected from an endoscopic reporting system.Procedures performed with a flexible gastrointestinal endoscope were only taken into account.Patients who underwent a technique involving FB or FBI from the digestive tract were only included.Data on patient sex,patient age,outpatient,inpatient,FB type,FB location,procedure time,procedure type,removal device type,success,and technical complications were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS Among the 215 procedures,136(63.3%)were performed in old adults(≥60 years),180(83.7%)procedures were performed in outpatients.The most common type of FBs were press-through-pack(PTP)medications[72(33.5%)cases],FBI[47(21.9%)],Anisakis parasite(AP)[41(19.1%)cases].Most FBs were located in the esophagus[130(60.5%)cases]followed by the stomach[68(31.6%)cases].AP was commonly found in the stomach[39(57.4%)cases],and it was removed using biopsy forceps in 97.5%of the cases.The most common FBs according to anatomical location were PTP medications(40%)and dental prostheses(DP)(40%)in the laryngopharynx,PTP(48.5%)in the esophagus,AP(57.4%)in the stomach,DP(37.5%)in the small intestine and video capsule endoscopy device(75%)in the colon.A transparent cap with grasping forceps was the most commonly used device[82(38.1%)cases].The success rate of the procedure was 100%,and complication were observed in only one case(0.5%).CONCLUSION Endoscopic management of FBs and FBI in our Hospital is extremely safe and effective.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61273333)
文摘Traditional strapdown inertial navigation system （SINS） algorithm studies are based on ideal measurements from gy- ros and accelerometers, while in the actual strapdown inertial measurement unit （SIMU）, time-asynchrony between each iner- tial sensor is inevitable. Testing principles and methods for time- asynchrony parameter identification are studied. Under the single- axis swaying environment, the relationships between the SINS platform drift rate and the gyro time-asynchrony are derived using the SINS attitude error equation. It is found that the gyro time- asynchrony error can be considered as a kind of pseudo-coning motion error caused by data processing. After gyro testing and synchronization, the single-axis tumble test method is introduced for the testing of each accelerometer time-asynchrony with respect to the ideal gyro triad. Accelerometer time-asynchrony parame- ter identification models are established using SINS specific force equation. Finally, all of the relative time-asynchrony parameters between inertial sensors are well identified by using fiber optic gyro SIMU as experimental verification.
基金funded by the National Science Foundation of China (32372910 and 32102567)the Program for Shaanxi Science&Technology (2022KJXX-13, 2023-YBNY-144, K3031223077 and 2022GD-TSLD-46–0302)
文摘Background Fatty liver disease causes huge economic losses in the poultry industry due to its high occurrence and lethality rate.Three-dimensional(3D)chromatin architecture takes part in disease processing by regulating tran-scriptional reprogramming.The study is carried out to investigate the alterations of hepatic 3D genome and H3K27ac profiling in early fatty liver(FLS)and reveal their effect on hepatic transcriptional reprogramming in laying hens.Results Results show that FLS model is constructed with obvious phenotypes including hepatic visible lipid deposi-tion as well as higher total triglyceride and cholesterol in serum.A/B compartment switching,topologically associat-ing domain(TAD)and chromatin loop changes are identified by high-throughput/resolution chromosome conforma-tion capture(HiC)technology.Targeted genes of these alternations in hepatic 3D genome organization significantly enrich pathways related to lipid metabolism and hepatic damage.H3K27ac differential peaks and differential expres-sion genes(DEGs)identified through RNA-seq analysis are also enriched in these pathways.Notably,certain DEGs are found to correspond with changes in 3D chromatin structure and H3K27ac binding in their promoters.DNA motif analysis reveals that candidate transcription factors are implicated in regulating transcriptional reprogram-ming.Furthermore,disturbed folate metabolism is observed,as evidenced by lower folate levels and altered enzyme expression.Conclusion Our findings establish a link between transcriptional reprogramming changes and 3D chromatin struc-ture variations during early FLS formation,which provides candidate transcription factors and folate as targets for FLS prevention or treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52071069,U1332110)the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program,China(No.XLYC1902097)。
基金Supported by Yong Scholar Plan of Institutions of Higher Education in Beijing(YETP1724)
文摘with the socio-economic development and people's living condition improvement,the requirement for environment is higher and higher and the mental demand is also more and more.For this,Beijing Municipal Bureau of Landscape and Forestry listed survey programs of consumption demands of flower market in Beijing in 2014,and provided several recommendations in line with current situations,problems and environment of the flower industry,for future reference of flower decision making of Beijing.In March 2014,the authors carried out survey in flower market of Beijing and participated in survey of management of flower industry.In May of the same year,combining this study,they visited ten districts(counties),including Dongcheng,Xicheng,Chaoyang,Fengtai,Shijingshan,and Daxing,together with relevant flower researchers,and carried out in-depth survey in several districts(counties)with better foundation of flower industry.Besides,with reference to China Flower&Gardening News and China Flowers&Horticulture,and relevant literature,it summarized and sorted out many years of various materials and statistical data of flower industry in Beijing.On the basis of surveying different flower markets and production areas and analyzing relevant data,the authors visited famous flower enterprises and large flower production and sales households in Beijing,elaborated current situations of Beijing flower industry in industrial foundation,development environment,industrial distribution,product type,and circulation field,and pointed out major problems in product type,market structure,production cost,service system,and logistics channels.Finally,it came up with practical and feasible solutions,hoping to provide certain reference for excellent development of flower industry in Beijing.
文摘Objective:To study the energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).Methods:Literature induction method was applied to study the energy properties,energy pharmacological connotation,and energy pharmacological effects of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).Results:The warm and hot properties of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)are exactly its energy properties.The energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is based on its energy properties,which is different from the modern aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)pharmacology that is based on the chemical composition of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).In addition,the energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)includes not only the traditional energy pharmacology but also the modern energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).The traditional energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is mainly manifested as the energy effect of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)at the whole-body level,warm yang and dissipate cold,whereas the modern energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is manifested as the physiological and pathological energy effect of warm and thermal energy properties of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)at the tissue,cellular,and molecular levels of the body,mainly strengthening the heart,protecting cardiac muscles,dilating blood vessels,and having anti-arrhythmia,anti-shock,anti-inflammatory,analgesic,and antineoplastic effects.The traditional energy pharmacology and modern energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)constitute the basic connotation of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)energy pharmacology.For the aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)energy pharmacology,there is a substantial foundation,its chemical components such as alkaloids.In addition,the toxicity of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is a manifestation of its energy pharmacology.Conclusion:aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)has energy properties that have substantial foundation.The energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata)is based on its high energy and hot properties and includes the traditional energy pharmacology and modern energy pharmacology of aconite(Radix aconiti lateralis reparata).
基金partially supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(31101268)Core Research Program 1515 of Hunan Agricultural University of China to Si Qin
文摘Limonin, the main bioactive phytochemical constituent of limonoids with multi-functions, is enriched in citrus fruits and often found at a high concentration in citrus seeds. The present study was attempted to introduce a new and efficient extraction method to isolate limonoids from pummelo seeds, and to evaluate the antioxidant property of the main constituent limonin in Hep G2 cells. Three key single factors were identified for the extraction of limonoids from pummelo seeds using the Box-Behnken experiment design of response surface methodology(RSM), and the optimized extraction parameters were treatment with 89.68 m L of anhydrous acetone for 4.62 h at 78.94C, while the yield of limonoids was 11.52 mg/g. The structure of isolated main constituent of the limonoids was further identified as limonin by Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectrometer and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectrum. Moreover, the molecular data in Hep G2 cells revealed that limonin exerted its anti-oxidant property mainly by the activation of nuclear factor(erythroid-2)-like 2(Nrf2)/kelch-like ECHassociated protein 1(Keap1)-antioxidant response element(ARE) pathway in the form of transcriptional regulation of Nrf2 m RNA and posttranscriptional regulation of Nrf2/Keap1 system. These results demonstrate that pummelo seeds are an ideal source of limonoids, and limonin is proved to exert its anti-oxidant property by the activation of Nrf2/Keap1 pathway.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program Young Scientists Project of China(2023YFA0916100)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2021MC156)the National Science Foundation of China(31701569).
文摘With rapid progress in the yeast fermentation industry,a comprehensive commercial yeast quality assessment approach integrating efficiency,accuracy,sensitivity,and cost-effectiveness is required.In this study,a new yeast quality assessment method based on single-cell Raman technology was developed and contrasted with traditional methods.The findings demonstrated significant associations(Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.933 on average)between the two methods in measuring physiological indicators,including cell viability and intra-cellular trehalose content,demonstrating the credibility of the Raman method compared to the traditional method.Furthermore,the sensitivity of the Raman method in viable but non-culturable cells was higher in measuring yeast cell viability(17.9%more sensitive).According to the accurate quantitative analysis of metabolic activity level(MAL)of yeast cells,the cell vitality was accurately quantified at population and singlecell levels,offering a more comprehensive assessment of yeast fermentation performance.Overall,the single-cell Raman method integrates credibility,feasibility,accuracy,and sensitivity in yeast quality assessment,offering a new technological framework for quality assessments of live-cell yeast products.
基金funded by the National Science Foundation of China (32372910)National Key Research&Development Program of China (2023YFD1301400)Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for college students (202410712240 and X202410712257)
文摘Multiple stressors are believed to deteriorate production performance and cause substantial economiclosses in commercial poultry farming. Folic acid (FA) is an antioxidant compound that can improveoocyte function and regulate gut microbiota composition. The current study was conducted to investigatethe role of FA in alleviating stress and improving production performance. Sixty Hyline Brown layinghens at 21 weeks of age were randomly divided into three groups, with 10 replicates in each group andeach replicate containing two chickens. Each group received basic diet and saline injection (Con group),basic diet with dexamethasone (DXM) injection (DXM group), or basic diet supplemented with FA(13 mg/kg in the premix) with DXM injection (FA group). The feeding trial lasted five weeks. Birds in theDXM and FA groups receiving subcutaneous DXM injections at a dosage of 4.50 mg/kg per day during thefirst seven days of the trial. Results showed that the levels of corticosterone, triglyceride, total cholesterol,and malondialdehyde in serum were significantly increased in the DXM group (P < 0.05), while theconcentrations of FA and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate were decreased in the DXM group (P < 0.05). Layinghens in the DXM group had lower laying rates and egg quality, including egg weight, eggshell thickness,eggshell strength, albumen height, and Haugh units (P < 0.05). Conversely, FA alleviated these negativeimpacts. Through transcriptome analysis, a total of 247 and 151 differentially expressed genes wereidentified among the three groups, and 32 overlapped genes were further identified. Moreover, 44 and59 differential metabolites were influenced by DXM and FA, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genesand Genomes enrichment from the transcriptome and metabolomics showed that the reduced productionperformance may be due to the disturbance of oocyte production, calcium metabolism, andoxidative stress. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences revealed the differential microbialcomposition and potential functional changes among the different groups. LEfSe analysis showed thatMucispirillum and Nautella were the predominant bacteria in the DXM group, while Clostridium was thepredominant bacteria in the FA group. Functional prediction demonstrated that stressors enhanced fattyacid biosynthesis, while betaine biosynthesis and retinol metabolism were elevated in the FA group.Dietary FA reversed the elevated levels of bile acids (BA), including cholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid,and taurochenodeoxycholic acid (P < 0.05). The DXM group showed an overall decrease in short-chainfatty acids (SCFA), but FA restored the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, and isobutyric acid(P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study reveals that dietary FA can alleviate the degradation of productionperformance caused by stress through improving circulating antioxidant capacity, maintaining intestinal microbiota homeostasis, and regulating SCFA and BA biosynthesis. Thus, highlighting the prominent roleof gut microbe-host interactions in alleviating multi-stresses.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82372277(to ZW),82272361(to XS),82271395(to GL)Guangdong Province Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund Project,No.2024A1515010615(to XS)+1 种基金Guangdong Province Natural Youth Promotion Project,No.2314070000241(to GL)Guangzhou Science and Technology Project,No.2025A04J4740(to GL).
文摘Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system are common,yet few effective strategies for myelin repair and remyelination are available.An increasing number of studies highlight the role of microRNAs(miRNAs)as key regulators of demyelination.miRNA mimics and inhibitors,which are currently in preclinical development,have shown promise as novel therapeutic agents.However,the mechanisms by which they protect myelin are not fully understood.Using a mouse model of acute central nervous system demyelination induced by infection with Angiostrongylus cantonensis,we investigated alterations in miRNA expression in the mouse brain.Our findings revealed a significant early-stage increase in the levels of miR-200,particularly miR-200a and miR-200c.Subsequent analysis demonstrated that combined miR-200a and miR-200c overexpression improved neurobehavioral outcomes and attenuated demyelination in Angiostrongylus cantonensis-infected mice.Further lipid metabolomic profiling indicated that miR-200a and miR-200c synergistically inhibited the production of phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN)and activated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway,as confirmed by double luciferase reporter assay and western blotting.Additionally,in vitro experiments showed that miR-200a and miR-200c protected oligodendrocyte precursor cells from lipopolysaccharide-induced damage and enhanced their survival.Our study indicates the critical role of miR-200a and miR-200c in protecting against central nervous system demyelination by targeting PTEN and modulating key survival pathways.Furthermore,our findings suggest that miR-200a and miR-200c are promising diagnostic biomarkers of and therapeutic targets for treating demyelination-related disorders.
基金funded by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(2023YFD1301400 and 2023YFF1001900)the Program for Shaanxi Science&Technology(2022GD-TSLD-46-0302,2023KXJ-243,2023GXJS-02-01 and L2022-QCYZX-NY-004)。
文摘Background The role of bile acids in modulating the gut microbiota and their impact on host metabolism has garnered significant attention.Taurochenodeoxycholic acid(TCDCA)is the predominant bile acid within the chicken bile acid pool and is closely related to metabolic disorders.The current study aims to investigate the potential effects of TCDCA on abdominal fat deposition in broilers.From 14 to 28 days of age,the broilers in the CON group received an oral administration of 1 mL of saline,while those in the treatment groups were administered 1 mL of a solution containing 0.05 g,0.10 g,or 0.20 g of TCDCA.Results The results showed that TCDCA treatments from 14 to 28 d had no significant effects on BW,ADFI,ADG and FCR in broilers at the age of 28 days of age.However,the abdominal fat percentage in the 0.20 g TCDCA group significantly increased,accompanied by higher TBA and HDL-c levels,as well as a reduction in apolipoprotein B levels in serum.In addition,serum triglyceride levels tended to be higher in the 0.20 g TCDCA group(P=0.098).The 0.20 g TCDCA treatment increased the gene expressions of SREBP-1,C/EBP-α,and ELOVL6,while decreasing the mRNA abundance of ATGL and CPT-1 in the abdominal fat.Serum levels of TCDCA,TDCA,and THDCA were significantly higher after 0.20 g TCDCA administration,while TCA levels were significantly lower,as determined by the targeted bile acid metabolomics analysis.Conversely,hepatic mRNA levels of CYP7A1,CYP27A1,BAAT,and BSEP were increased in the 0.20 g TCDCA group.The oral administration of 0.20 g TCDCA also upregulated the expression of FXR,VDR,and FGF19 in abdominal fat.The 16S rRNA analysis of cecal microbiota revealed that a decrease in the Shannon and Simpson indexes in the 0.20 g TCDCA group,and an increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio.LEfSe analysis revealed that the predominant bacteria in the CON group were Streptococcus and Oscillospira at the genus level,while Lactobacillus,Parabacteroides,Anaeroplasma,and Helicobacter were identified as the dominant genera in the 0.20 g TCDCA group.Functional predictions for the gut microbiota exhibited that lipid metabolism,replication and repair pathway were enhanced in the 0.20 g TCDCA group.Correlation analysis demonstrated that the abundance of Lactobacillus was positively correlated with serum levels of TCDCA,THDCA,and TDCA,while the abundance of Streptococcus and Oscillospira showed a positive correlation with serum TCA levels.Conclusion Overall,this study elucidates that the intervention of 0.20 g TCDCA may promote abdominal fat deposition by activating bile acid receptors in abdominal fat,and concurrent alterations in both the intestinal microbial community and bile acid profile.
