Branch angles are an important plant morphological trait affecting light interception within forest canopies.However,studies on branch angles have been limited due to the time-consuming nature of manual measurements u...Branch angles are an important plant morphological trait affecting light interception within forest canopies.However,studies on branch angles have been limited due to the time-consuming nature of manual measurements using a protractor.Terrestrial laser scanning(TLS),however,provides new opportunities to measure branch angles more efficiently.Despite this potential,studies validating branch angle measurements from TLS have been limited.Here,our aim is to evaluate both manual and automatic branch angle measurements of European beech from TLS data using traditional field-measurements with a protractor as a reference.We evaluated the accuracy of branch angle measurements based on four automated algorithms(aRchiQSM,TreeQSM,Laplacian,SemanticLaplacian)from TLS data.Additionally,we assessed different ways of manual branch angle measurements in the field.Our study was based on a dataset comprising 124 branch angles measured from six European beech in a European deciduous forest.Our results show that manual branch angle measurements from TLS data are in high agreement with the reference(root-mean-squared error,RMSE:[3.57°-4.18°],concordance correlation coefficient,CCC:[0.950.97])across different branch length positions.Automated algorithms also are in high agreement with the reference although RMSE is approximately twice as large compared to manual branch angle measurements from TLS(RMSE:[9.29°-10.55°],CCC:[0.830.86])with manual leaf points removal.When applying the automatic wood-leaf separation algorithm,the performance of the four methods declined significantly,with only approximately 20 branch angles successfully identified.Moreover,it is important to note that there is no influence of the measurement position(branch surface versus center)for branch angle measurements.However,for curved branches,the selection of branch measurement length significantly impacts the branch angle measurement.This study provides a comprehensive understanding of branch angle measurements in forests.We show that automated measurement methods based on TLS data of branch angles are a valuable tool to quantify branch angles at larger scales.展开更多
Colonic mucus and gut microbiota closely linked through mutual regulatory effect.While their alterations during sepsis and whether glutamine can maintain the colonic mucus barrier and gut microbiota stability are uncl...Colonic mucus and gut microbiota closely linked through mutual regulatory effect.While their alterations during sepsis and whether glutamine can maintain the colonic mucus barrier and gut microbiota stability are unclear.Cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis in mice was utilized to observe changes in colonic mucus,gut microbiota,and their interaction with glutamine intervention.Our findings indicated that glutamine mitigated sepsis-induced intestinal damage and restores colonic mucus barrier function by augmenting mucin synthesis.Further analysis revealed that goblet cells were under oxidative stress after sepsis,resulting in anterior gradient-2(AGR2),the key mucin-modifying enzyme,being dissynthesized,and inhibiting mucin 2(MUC2)maturation.Glutamine could ameliorates this situation by promoting the key enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD)glycosylation in the pentose phosphate pathway,increasing the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)synthesis,reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress,and accelerating AGR2 synthesis and MUC2 maturation.Additionally,glutamine aided in maintaining gut microbiota stability during sepsis,up-regulating mucin-associated bacteria such as Akkermansia and Alistipes.These bacteria,intimately linked to mucin synthesis and degradation,may impact intestinal mucus stability.In conclusion,glutamine can maintain goblet cell redox balance,promotes AGR2 synthesis and MUC2 maturation,shields the mucus barrier,and potentially maintains gut microbiota stability by regulating the interaction between bacteria and mucus,thus alleviating sepsis-induced intestinal damage.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the pathological features of ocular surface squamous neoplasia(OSSN)and evaluate the synergistic therapeutic effects of interferon-α2b(IFNα2b)and 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)on cellular proliferation,migr...AIM:To investigate the pathological features of ocular surface squamous neoplasia(OSSN)and evaluate the synergistic therapeutic effects of interferon-α2b(IFNα2b)and 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)on cellular proliferation,migration,apoptosis,and cell cycle of human oral squamous carcinoma cell line Cal27.METHODS:Tissue specimens from OSSN were processed with hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and immunofluorescence(IF)staining to characterize pathological changes.We analyzed the expression levels of four pivotal proteins involved in 5-FU metabolism:interferon alpha receptor(IFNAR),thymidylate synthase(TS),thymidine phosphorylase(TP),and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase(DPD).Cal27 cell lines were treated with a spectrum of concentrations of IFNα2b and 5-FU,either in isolation or in combination.Then,cell activity was measured utilizing CCK-8 assay and dose-effect curves were calculated,while tumor cell migration was detected by cell scratch experiments.Cal27 cells were added with IFNα2b and 5-FU in a non-constant ratio drug combination design and the corresponding combination index(CI)and fraction affected(Fa)were calculated with CompuSyn software.Western blot assay was conducted to quantify the expression of TP,TS,and DPD.Cell cycle and apoptosis were measured with flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP nick and labeling(TUNEL)assay.RESULTS:Treatment with both IFNα2b and 5-FU inhibited cell proliferation.Except for the lowest and highest doses of 5-FU,CI values for all other groups were below 1,suggesting a synergistic interaction.Low concentrations of IFNα2b and 5-FU both diminished the relative mobility of Cal27 cells,instead,a stronger inhibitory effect was observed when the two drugs were co-applied.The expression levels of TP and DPD in Cal27 cells were dose-dependently increased at a low concentration of IFNα2b.Low-dose IFNα2b combined with 5-FU significantly inhibited cell proliferation in G0/G1 phase compared to 5-FU monotherapy.Medium and high doses of IFNα2b and all concentrations of 5-FU could induce apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner.The susceptibility to 5-FU treatment and apoptosis rates of tumor cells were elevated with low doses of IFNα2b.CONCLUSION:Both IFNα2b and 5-FU,when administered individually or in combination,effectively suppress the proliferation and migration of Cal27 tumor cells,induce cell apoptosis and arrest cell cycle.Low doses of IFNα2b increase the antitumor effects of 5-FU on Cal27 potentially through up-regulating the expression of TP,demonstrating a synergistic effect between IFNα2b and 5-FU.展开更多
BACKGROUND Certain subgroups are at an increased risk of false fecal immunochemical test(FIT)results;however,related studies are limited,and the available evidence is conflicting.AIM To evaluate factors associated wit...BACKGROUND Certain subgroups are at an increased risk of false fecal immunochemical test(FIT)results;however,related studies are limited,and the available evidence is conflicting.AIM To evaluate factors associated with false-positive and false-negative FIT results.METHODS This retrospective study was based on the database of the Tianjin Colorectal Cancer Screening Program from 2012 to 2020.A total of 4129947 residents aged 40-74 years completed at least one FIT.Of these,24890 asymptomatic participants who underwent colonoscopy examinations and completed lifestyle questionnaires were included in the analysis.Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify the factors associated with false FIT results.RESULTS Among the overall screening population,88687(2.15%)participants tested positive for FIT.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of FIT for advanced neoplasms were 58.2%,44.8%,9.7%,and 91.3%,respectively.Older age,female sex,smoking,alcohol consumption,higher body mass index,and hemorrhoids were significantly associated with increased odds of false-positive and lower odds of falsenegative FIT results.Moreover,features of high-grade dysplasia or villous for advanced adenoma and the presence of cancer were also associated with lower odds of false-negative results,while irregular exercise and diverticulum were associated with higher odds of false-positive results.CONCLUSION FIT results may be inaccurate in certain subgroups.Our results provide important evidence for further individualization of screening strategies.展开更多
AIM: To achieve a better understanding of the pathogenesis of new type gosling viral enteritis virus (NGVEV) and the relationship between NGVEV and host cells. METHODS: The apoptosis of duck embryo fibroblasts (DEF) i...AIM: To achieve a better understanding of the pathogenesis of new type gosling viral enteritis virus (NGVEV) and the relationship between NGVEV and host cells. METHODS: The apoptosis of duck embryo fibroblasts (DEF) induced by NGVEV was investigated by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) and fluorescence microscope after the cells were stained with Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide (PI). RESULTS: By staining cells with a combination of fluorescein annexin V-FITC and PI, it is possible to distinguish and quantitatively analyze non-apoptotic cells (Annexin V-FITC negative/PI negative), early apoptotic cells (Annexin V-FITC positive/PI negative), late apoptotic/necrotic cells (Annexin V-FITC positive/ PI positive) and dead cells (Annexin V-FITC negative/PI positive) through flow cytometry and fluorescence microscope. The percentage of apoptotic cells increased with the incubation time and reached a maximum at 120 h after infection, while the percentage of non- apoptotic cells decreased.展开更多
Memory leak is a common software vulnerability that can decrease the reliability of an application and,in severe cases,even cause program crashes.If there are intentionally triggerable memory leak vulnerabilities in a...Memory leak is a common software vulnerability that can decrease the reliability of an application and,in severe cases,even cause program crashes.If there are intentionally triggerable memory leak vulnerabilities in a program,attackers can exploit these bugs to launch denial-of-service attacks or induce the program to exhibit unexpected behaviors due to low memory conditions.Existing fuzzing techniques primarily focus on improving code coverage,and specialized fuzzing techniques for individual memory-related defects like uncontrolled memory allocation do not address memory leak vulnerabilities.MemLock is the first fuzzing technique to address memory consumption vulnerabilities including memory leakage.However,the coverage-centric guidance mechanism of MemLock introduces a degree of aimlessness in the testing process,that results in low seed quality and slow bug exposure speed.To address this issue,we propose a risk areas guidance-based fuzzing technique called RBZZER.First,RBZZER retains MemLock’s memory consumption-guided mechanism and introduces a novel distance-guided approach to expedite the arrival of fuzzing at the potential memory areas.Second,we introduce a new seed scheduling strategy called risk areas-based seed scheduling,which classifies seeds based on potential memory leak areas in the program and further schedules them,thereby effectively improving the efficiency of discovering memory leak vulnerabilities.Experiments demonstrate that RBZZER outperforms the state-of-the-art fuzzing techniques by finding 52%more program unique crashes than the second-best counterpart.In particular,RBZZER can discover the amount of memory leakage at least 112%more than the other baseline fuzzers.Besides,RBZZER detects memory leaks at an average speed that is 9.10x faster than MemLock.展开更多
The aims of this study were to clarify the effects of high vanadium on the renal cell cycle and apoptosis in broilers. 420 one-day-old avian broilers were divided into six groups and fed on a control diet (vanadium 0....The aims of this study were to clarify the effects of high vanadium on the renal cell cycle and apoptosis in broilers. 420 one-day-old avian broilers were divided into six groups and fed on a control diet (vanadium 0.073 mg/kg), and five high vanadium diets (vanadium 5 mg/kg, high vanadium group I;15 mg/kg, high vanadium group II;30 mg/kg, high vanadium group III;45 mg/kg, high vanadium group IV;60 mg/kg, high vanadium group V) throughout the experimental period of 42 days. As tested by flow cytometry, the percentage of apoptotic renal cells was increased in high vanadium group II, III, IV and V when compared with that of control group. The Proliferating index (PI) of renal cell and the ratio of S, G2 + M phase cells were markedly decreased and population of G0/G1 cells was increased in high vanadium group II, III, IV and V. The results showed that dietary vanadium in excess of 15 mg/kg was toxic to kidney by the renal cells cycle arrest and increased apoptosis, which caused the growth depression of the kidney in broilers.展开更多
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high dietary fluoride (F) on serum biochemistry and oxidative damage in broiler chickens. 280 one-day-old healthy avian broiler chickens were randomly allotted i...The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high dietary fluoride (F) on serum biochemistry and oxidative damage in broiler chickens. 280 one-day-old healthy avian broiler chickens were randomly allotted into four equal groups and fed with a corn-soybean basal diet containing 22.6 mg·F/kg (control group) or same basal diets supplemented with 400, 800, and 1200 mg·F/kg (high F groups I, II, and III) in the form of sodium fluoride for 42 days. At 42 days of age, the serum F content was markedly higher in the three high F groups than that in the control group. From 28 to 42 days of age, the contents of serum total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) were significantly lower in the three high F groups. From 14 to 42 days of age, the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the creatinine (Crea) contents in the serum showed a marked increase in the three high F groups;aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity and uric acid (Ua) content were significantly increased, and a significant increase in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) along with marked decreases in the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), the glutathione (GSH) content and the ability to inhibit hydroxyl radical were observed in the high F groups II and III. In conclusion, F has accumulated in the blood circulatory system and dietary F in the range of 800 - 1200 mg/kg could significantly induce abnormalities of bone, liver and kidney, inhibit the synthesis of protein, enhance lipid peroxidation and disturb the antioxidative system of broiler chickens.展开更多
基金supported by the Chinese Scholarship Council under Grant 202106910006.
文摘Branch angles are an important plant morphological trait affecting light interception within forest canopies.However,studies on branch angles have been limited due to the time-consuming nature of manual measurements using a protractor.Terrestrial laser scanning(TLS),however,provides new opportunities to measure branch angles more efficiently.Despite this potential,studies validating branch angle measurements from TLS have been limited.Here,our aim is to evaluate both manual and automatic branch angle measurements of European beech from TLS data using traditional field-measurements with a protractor as a reference.We evaluated the accuracy of branch angle measurements based on four automated algorithms(aRchiQSM,TreeQSM,Laplacian,SemanticLaplacian)from TLS data.Additionally,we assessed different ways of manual branch angle measurements in the field.Our study was based on a dataset comprising 124 branch angles measured from six European beech in a European deciduous forest.Our results show that manual branch angle measurements from TLS data are in high agreement with the reference(root-mean-squared error,RMSE:[3.57°-4.18°],concordance correlation coefficient,CCC:[0.950.97])across different branch length positions.Automated algorithms also are in high agreement with the reference although RMSE is approximately twice as large compared to manual branch angle measurements from TLS(RMSE:[9.29°-10.55°],CCC:[0.830.86])with manual leaf points removal.When applying the automatic wood-leaf separation algorithm,the performance of the four methods declined significantly,with only approximately 20 branch angles successfully identified.Moreover,it is important to note that there is no influence of the measurement position(branch surface versus center)for branch angle measurements.However,for curved branches,the selection of branch measurement length significantly impacts the branch angle measurement.This study provides a comprehensive understanding of branch angle measurements in forests.We show that automated measurement methods based on TLS data of branch angles are a valuable tool to quantify branch angles at larger scales.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82172202)Innovative Leading Talents Project of Chongqing(cstc2022ycjh-bgzxm0148)+1 种基金the Project of NINGBO Leading Medical&Health Discipline(2022-F17)Ningbo Top Medical and Health Research Program(2023030615).
文摘Colonic mucus and gut microbiota closely linked through mutual regulatory effect.While their alterations during sepsis and whether glutamine can maintain the colonic mucus barrier and gut microbiota stability are unclear.Cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis in mice was utilized to observe changes in colonic mucus,gut microbiota,and their interaction with glutamine intervention.Our findings indicated that glutamine mitigated sepsis-induced intestinal damage and restores colonic mucus barrier function by augmenting mucin synthesis.Further analysis revealed that goblet cells were under oxidative stress after sepsis,resulting in anterior gradient-2(AGR2),the key mucin-modifying enzyme,being dissynthesized,and inhibiting mucin 2(MUC2)maturation.Glutamine could ameliorates this situation by promoting the key enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD)glycosylation in the pentose phosphate pathway,increasing the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)synthesis,reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress,and accelerating AGR2 synthesis and MUC2 maturation.Additionally,glutamine aided in maintaining gut microbiota stability during sepsis,up-regulating mucin-associated bacteria such as Akkermansia and Alistipes.These bacteria,intimately linked to mucin synthesis and degradation,may impact intestinal mucus stability.In conclusion,glutamine can maintain goblet cell redox balance,promotes AGR2 synthesis and MUC2 maturation,shields the mucus barrier,and potentially maintains gut microbiota stability by regulating the interaction between bacteria and mucus,thus alleviating sepsis-induced intestinal damage.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82070934,No.82171025).
文摘AIM:To investigate the pathological features of ocular surface squamous neoplasia(OSSN)and evaluate the synergistic therapeutic effects of interferon-α2b(IFNα2b)and 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)on cellular proliferation,migration,apoptosis,and cell cycle of human oral squamous carcinoma cell line Cal27.METHODS:Tissue specimens from OSSN were processed with hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and immunofluorescence(IF)staining to characterize pathological changes.We analyzed the expression levels of four pivotal proteins involved in 5-FU metabolism:interferon alpha receptor(IFNAR),thymidylate synthase(TS),thymidine phosphorylase(TP),and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase(DPD).Cal27 cell lines were treated with a spectrum of concentrations of IFNα2b and 5-FU,either in isolation or in combination.Then,cell activity was measured utilizing CCK-8 assay and dose-effect curves were calculated,while tumor cell migration was detected by cell scratch experiments.Cal27 cells were added with IFNα2b and 5-FU in a non-constant ratio drug combination design and the corresponding combination index(CI)and fraction affected(Fa)were calculated with CompuSyn software.Western blot assay was conducted to quantify the expression of TP,TS,and DPD.Cell cycle and apoptosis were measured with flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP nick and labeling(TUNEL)assay.RESULTS:Treatment with both IFNα2b and 5-FU inhibited cell proliferation.Except for the lowest and highest doses of 5-FU,CI values for all other groups were below 1,suggesting a synergistic interaction.Low concentrations of IFNα2b and 5-FU both diminished the relative mobility of Cal27 cells,instead,a stronger inhibitory effect was observed when the two drugs were co-applied.The expression levels of TP and DPD in Cal27 cells were dose-dependently increased at a low concentration of IFNα2b.Low-dose IFNα2b combined with 5-FU significantly inhibited cell proliferation in G0/G1 phase compared to 5-FU monotherapy.Medium and high doses of IFNα2b and all concentrations of 5-FU could induce apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner.The susceptibility to 5-FU treatment and apoptosis rates of tumor cells were elevated with low doses of IFNα2b.CONCLUSION:Both IFNα2b and 5-FU,when administered individually or in combination,effectively suppress the proliferation and migration of Cal27 tumor cells,induce cell apoptosis and arrest cell cycle.Low doses of IFNα2b increase the antitumor effects of 5-FU on Cal27 potentially through up-regulating the expression of TP,demonstrating a synergistic effect between IFNα2b and 5-FU.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin,No.21JCZDJC00060 and No.21JCYBJC00180Tianjin Health and Medical Science and Technology Project,No.TJWJ2023QN040National Key Research and Development Program,No.2017YFC1700606 and No.2017YFC1700604.
文摘BACKGROUND Certain subgroups are at an increased risk of false fecal immunochemical test(FIT)results;however,related studies are limited,and the available evidence is conflicting.AIM To evaluate factors associated with false-positive and false-negative FIT results.METHODS This retrospective study was based on the database of the Tianjin Colorectal Cancer Screening Program from 2012 to 2020.A total of 4129947 residents aged 40-74 years completed at least one FIT.Of these,24890 asymptomatic participants who underwent colonoscopy examinations and completed lifestyle questionnaires were included in the analysis.Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify the factors associated with false FIT results.RESULTS Among the overall screening population,88687(2.15%)participants tested positive for FIT.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of FIT for advanced neoplasms were 58.2%,44.8%,9.7%,and 91.3%,respectively.Older age,female sex,smoking,alcohol consumption,higher body mass index,and hemorrhoids were significantly associated with increased odds of false-positive and lower odds of falsenegative FIT results.Moreover,features of high-grade dysplasia or villous for advanced adenoma and the presence of cancer were also associated with lower odds of false-negative results,while irregular exercise and diverticulum were associated with higher odds of false-positive results.CONCLUSION FIT results may be inaccurate in certain subgroups.Our results provide important evidence for further individualization of screening strategies.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 39970561The Key Projects in the National Science and Technology Pillar Program, 2007Z06-017+2 种基金Program for New Century Excellent Talents from Universities, Chinese Ministry of Education, No. NCET-04-0906/NCET-06-0818Fund of the Discipline Leaders of Sichuan Province, No. SZD0418Culture Fund for Excellent Doctoral Dissertations of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2008scybpy-1
文摘AIM: To achieve a better understanding of the pathogenesis of new type gosling viral enteritis virus (NGVEV) and the relationship between NGVEV and host cells. METHODS: The apoptosis of duck embryo fibroblasts (DEF) induced by NGVEV was investigated by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) and fluorescence microscope after the cells were stained with Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide (PI). RESULTS: By staining cells with a combination of fluorescein annexin V-FITC and PI, it is possible to distinguish and quantitatively analyze non-apoptotic cells (Annexin V-FITC negative/PI negative), early apoptotic cells (Annexin V-FITC positive/PI negative), late apoptotic/necrotic cells (Annexin V-FITC positive/ PI positive) and dead cells (Annexin V-FITC negative/PI positive) through flow cytometry and fluorescence microscope. The percentage of apoptotic cells increased with the incubation time and reached a maximum at 120 h after infection, while the percentage of non- apoptotic cells decreased.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB3101803).
文摘Memory leak is a common software vulnerability that can decrease the reliability of an application and,in severe cases,even cause program crashes.If there are intentionally triggerable memory leak vulnerabilities in a program,attackers can exploit these bugs to launch denial-of-service attacks or induce the program to exhibit unexpected behaviors due to low memory conditions.Existing fuzzing techniques primarily focus on improving code coverage,and specialized fuzzing techniques for individual memory-related defects like uncontrolled memory allocation do not address memory leak vulnerabilities.MemLock is the first fuzzing technique to address memory consumption vulnerabilities including memory leakage.However,the coverage-centric guidance mechanism of MemLock introduces a degree of aimlessness in the testing process,that results in low seed quality and slow bug exposure speed.To address this issue,we propose a risk areas guidance-based fuzzing technique called RBZZER.First,RBZZER retains MemLock’s memory consumption-guided mechanism and introduces a novel distance-guided approach to expedite the arrival of fuzzing at the potential memory areas.Second,we introduce a new seed scheduling strategy called risk areas-based seed scheduling,which classifies seeds based on potential memory leak areas in the program and further schedules them,thereby effectively improving the efficiency of discovering memory leak vulnerabilities.Experiments demonstrate that RBZZER outperforms the state-of-the-art fuzzing techniques by finding 52%more program unique crashes than the second-best counterpart.In particular,RBZZER can discover the amount of memory leakage at least 112%more than the other baseline fuzzers.Besides,RBZZER detects memory leaks at an average speed that is 9.10x faster than MemLock.
文摘The aims of this study were to clarify the effects of high vanadium on the renal cell cycle and apoptosis in broilers. 420 one-day-old avian broilers were divided into six groups and fed on a control diet (vanadium 0.073 mg/kg), and five high vanadium diets (vanadium 5 mg/kg, high vanadium group I;15 mg/kg, high vanadium group II;30 mg/kg, high vanadium group III;45 mg/kg, high vanadium group IV;60 mg/kg, high vanadium group V) throughout the experimental period of 42 days. As tested by flow cytometry, the percentage of apoptotic renal cells was increased in high vanadium group II, III, IV and V when compared with that of control group. The Proliferating index (PI) of renal cell and the ratio of S, G2 + M phase cells were markedly decreased and population of G0/G1 cells was increased in high vanadium group II, III, IV and V. The results showed that dietary vanadium in excess of 15 mg/kg was toxic to kidney by the renal cells cycle arrest and increased apoptosis, which caused the growth depression of the kidney in broilers.
文摘The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high dietary fluoride (F) on serum biochemistry and oxidative damage in broiler chickens. 280 one-day-old healthy avian broiler chickens were randomly allotted into four equal groups and fed with a corn-soybean basal diet containing 22.6 mg·F/kg (control group) or same basal diets supplemented with 400, 800, and 1200 mg·F/kg (high F groups I, II, and III) in the form of sodium fluoride for 42 days. At 42 days of age, the serum F content was markedly higher in the three high F groups than that in the control group. From 28 to 42 days of age, the contents of serum total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) were significantly lower in the three high F groups. From 14 to 42 days of age, the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the creatinine (Crea) contents in the serum showed a marked increase in the three high F groups;aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity and uric acid (Ua) content were significantly increased, and a significant increase in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) along with marked decreases in the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), the glutathione (GSH) content and the ability to inhibit hydroxyl radical were observed in the high F groups II and III. In conclusion, F has accumulated in the blood circulatory system and dietary F in the range of 800 - 1200 mg/kg could significantly induce abnormalities of bone, liver and kidney, inhibit the synthesis of protein, enhance lipid peroxidation and disturb the antioxidative system of broiler chickens.
