Trimethoprim(TMP)is a typical antibiotic to treat infectious disease,which is among the most commonly detected antibacterial agents in natural waters and municipal wastewaters.In the present study,the impacts of disso...Trimethoprim(TMP)is a typical antibiotic to treat infectious disease,which is among the most commonly detected antibacterial agents in natural waters and municipal wastewaters.In the present study,the impacts of dissolved oxygen(DO)on the oxidation efficiency and pathways of TMP by reaction with sulfate radicals(SO_(4)^(-1))were investigated.Our results revealed that the presence of DO was favourable for TMP degradation.Specifically,TMP would react initially with SO_(4)^(-1)via electron-transfer process to form a carbon-centered radical.In the absence of oxygen,the carbon-centered radical could undergo hydrolysis to produceα-hydroxytrimethoprim(TMPàOH),followed by the further oxidation which generatedα-ketotrimethoprim(TMP=O).However,in the presence of oxygen,the carbon-centered radical would alternatively combine with oxygen,leading to a sequential reaction in which peroxyl radical and a tetroxide were formed,and finally generated TMPàOH and TMP=O simultaneously.The proposed pathways were further confirmed by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.The results obtained in this study would emphasize the significance of DO on the oxidation of organic micropollutants by SO_(4)^(-1).展开更多
With the globalization of the economy,maritime trade has surged,posing challenges in the supervision of marine vessel activities.An automatic identification system(AIS)is an effective means of shipping traffic service...With the globalization of the economy,maritime trade has surged,posing challenges in the supervision of marine vessel activities.An automatic identification system(AIS)is an effective means of shipping traffic service,but many uncertainties exist regarding its data quality.In this study,the AIS data from Haiyang(HY)series of satellites were used to assess the data quality,analyze the global ship trajectory distribution and update frequencies from 2019 to 2023.Through the analysis of maritime mobile service identity numbers,we identified 340185 unique vessels,80.1%of which adhered to the International Telecommunication Union standards.Approximately 49.7%of ships exhibit significant data gaps,and 1.1%show inconsistencies in their AIS data sources.In the central Pacific Ocean at low latitudes and along the coast of South America(30°-60°S),a heightened incidence of abnormal trajectories of ships has been consistently observed,particularly in areas associated with fishing activities.According to the spatial distribution of ship trajectories,AIS data exhibit numerous deficiencies,particularly in high-traffic regions such as the East China Sea and South China Sea.In contrast,ship trajectories in the polar regions,characterized by high latitudes,are relatively comprehensive.With the increased number of HY satellites equipped with AIS receivers,the quantity of trajectory points displays a growing trend,leading to increasingly complete trajectories.This trend highlights the significant potential of using AIS data acquired from HY satellites to increase the accuracy of vessel tracking.展开更多
As an emerging cellular agriculture technology,cultured meat aims to produce meat from in vitro cell culture instead of conventional livestock slaughtering.Various tissue engineering technologies have been applied for...As an emerging cellular agriculture technology,cultured meat aims to produce meat from in vitro cell culture instead of conventional livestock slaughtering.Various tissue engineering technologies have been applied for cultured meat.In this perspective,we will overview the cutting-edge tissue engineering strategies for cultured meat from the classifications of textured scaffolds,3D bioprinting,molding,patterning,and cell sheet engineering,and also introduce the applied materials.The future prospects and challenges will also be discussed.展开更多
BACKGROUND Transcrestal sinus floor elevation(TSFE)has been widely used in the oral clinic when the residual bone height(RBH)exceeds 5 mm.However,when there is insufficient RBH in the posterior maxilla,two-stage TSFE ...BACKGROUND Transcrestal sinus floor elevation(TSFE)has been widely used in the oral clinic when the residual bone height(RBH)exceeds 5 mm.However,when there is insufficient RBH in the posterior maxilla,two-stage TSFE may be an option.CASE SUMMARY This article introduces the concept of two-stage TSFE.Six patients had osseointegration failure after TSFE.For the first-stage surgery,we restricted the vertical bone augmentation as much as possible.At the second-stage surgery,the increased RBH was 3.28±1.55 mm,which was beneficial for surgery.Five implants functioned successfully on schedule,but one implant failed again during the healing period.A third surgery was performed,and the implant functioned successfully.CONCLUSION When RBH was less than 5 mm,two or more procedures of TSFE might result in a higher RBH.展开更多
With the rapid popularization of social applications, various kinds of social media have developed into an important platform for publishing information and expressing opinion. Detecting hidden topics from the huge am...With the rapid popularization of social applications, various kinds of social media have developed into an important platform for publishing information and expressing opinion. Detecting hidden topics from the huge amount of user-generated contents is of great commerce value and social significance. However traditional text analysis approachesonly focus on the statistical correlation between words, but ignore the sentiment tendency and the temporal properties which may have great effects on topic detection results. This paper proposed a Dynamic Sentiment-Topic(DST) model which can not only detect and track the dynamic topics but also analyze the shift of public's sentiment tendency towards certain topic.Expectation-Maximization algorithm was used in DST model to estimate the latent distribution, and we used Gibbs sampling method to sample new document set and update the hyper parameters and distributions.Experiments are conducted on a real dataset and the results show that DST model outperforms the existing algorithms in terms of topic detection and sentiment accuracy.展开更多
Background::To date,there is only scare evidence characterizing the temporal features and progression of metabolic dysfunction in high-fat diet(HFD)-fed obese mice.Hence,its specific pathogenesis remains unclear.Metho...Background::To date,there is only scare evidence characterizing the temporal features and progression of metabolic dysfunction in high-fat diet(HFD)-fed obese mice.Hence,its specific pathogenesis remains unclear.Methods::Sixty 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into HFD and control diet(CD)groups and sacrificed at 1,5,9,13,17,and 21 weeks,respectively.At weekly intervals,intraperitoneal glucose tolerance testing(IPGTT)and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance testing(IPITT)were performed in both groups.A detailed time course in HFD-fed mice was investigated by evaluating the initiation of glucose homeostasis impairment,dyslipidemia,systemic insulin sensitivity,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)levels,epididymal white adipose tissue(eWAT)expansion,macrophage content changes,proinflammatory(M1)/anti-inflammatory(M2)macrophage imbalance,lipid accumulation in the liver,andβ-cell morphometry in the pancreas.Results::In the HFD group,progressive weight gain and impairments in glucose metabolism(elevated fasting blood glucose and area under the curve(AUC)of IPGTT)were observed from the 3rd week,and a significantly elevated AUC of IPITT was first detected after week 7 of HFD feeding.As for dyslipidemia,after 9 weeks of feeding,the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and total cholesterol level in HFD group were significantly higher than those in the CD group(all P<0.05),whereas no significant differences were shown in triglyceride level.Adipocyte size increased significantly in the HFD group in the 1st week,a phenotypic switch in eWAT from anti-inflammatory(M2)to pro-inflammatory(M1)macrophages was observed in the 5th week,and the metabolic inflammation was distinct in eWAT in the 9th week.Additionally,liver steatosis was considerably obvious at the 17th week and pancreaticβ-cell morphometry did not change during 21 weeks of HFD feeding.Conclusion::The eWAT expansion was detected early in HFD-induced obese mice,which occurred prior to obvious insulin resistance.展开更多
Molecular dynamics(MD)is an indispensable atomistic-scale computational tool widely-used in various disciplines.In the past decades,nearly all ab initio MD and machine-learning MD have been based on the general-purpos...Molecular dynamics(MD)is an indispensable atomistic-scale computational tool widely-used in various disciplines.In the past decades,nearly all ab initio MD and machine-learning MD have been based on the general-purpose central/graphics processing units(CPU/GPU),which are well-known to suffer from their intrinsic“memory wall”and“power wall”bottlenecks.Consequently,nowadays MD calculations with ab initio accuracy are extremely time-consuming and power-consuming,imposing serious restrictions on the MD simulation size and duration.To solve this problem,here we propose a special-purpose MD processing unit(MDPU),which could reduce MD time and power consumption by about 103 times(109 times)compared to state-of-the-art machine-learningMD(ab initio MD)based on CPU/GPU,while keeping ab initio accuracy.With significantly-enhanced performance,the proposed MDPU may pave a way for the accurate atomistic-scale analysis of large-size and/or longduration problems which were impossible/impractical to compute before.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21806037)。
文摘Trimethoprim(TMP)is a typical antibiotic to treat infectious disease,which is among the most commonly detected antibacterial agents in natural waters and municipal wastewaters.In the present study,the impacts of dissolved oxygen(DO)on the oxidation efficiency and pathways of TMP by reaction with sulfate radicals(SO_(4)^(-1))were investigated.Our results revealed that the presence of DO was favourable for TMP degradation.Specifically,TMP would react initially with SO_(4)^(-1)via electron-transfer process to form a carbon-centered radical.In the absence of oxygen,the carbon-centered radical could undergo hydrolysis to produceα-hydroxytrimethoprim(TMPàOH),followed by the further oxidation which generatedα-ketotrimethoprim(TMP=O).However,in the presence of oxygen,the carbon-centered radical would alternatively combine with oxygen,leading to a sequential reaction in which peroxyl radical and a tetroxide were formed,and finally generated TMPàOH and TMP=O simultaneously.The proposed pathways were further confirmed by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.The results obtained in this study would emphasize the significance of DO on the oxidation of organic micropollutants by SO_(4)^(-1).
基金The National Key R&D Program of China under contract Nos 2021YFC2803305 and 2024YFC2816301the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China under contract No.2042022dx0001.
文摘With the globalization of the economy,maritime trade has surged,posing challenges in the supervision of marine vessel activities.An automatic identification system(AIS)is an effective means of shipping traffic service,but many uncertainties exist regarding its data quality.In this study,the AIS data from Haiyang(HY)series of satellites were used to assess the data quality,analyze the global ship trajectory distribution and update frequencies from 2019 to 2023.Through the analysis of maritime mobile service identity numbers,we identified 340185 unique vessels,80.1%of which adhered to the International Telecommunication Union standards.Approximately 49.7%of ships exhibit significant data gaps,and 1.1%show inconsistencies in their AIS data sources.In the central Pacific Ocean at low latitudes and along the coast of South America(30°-60°S),a heightened incidence of abnormal trajectories of ships has been consistently observed,particularly in areas associated with fishing activities.According to the spatial distribution of ship trajectories,AIS data exhibit numerous deficiencies,particularly in high-traffic regions such as the East China Sea and South China Sea.In contrast,ship trajectories in the polar regions,characterized by high latitudes,are relatively comprehensive.With the increased number of HY satellites equipped with AIS receivers,the quantity of trajectory points displays a growing trend,leading to increasingly complete trajectories.This trend highlights the significant potential of using AIS data acquired from HY satellites to increase the accuracy of vessel tracking.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.22002061)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No.BK20200551)+2 种基金the Jiangsu Provincial Double-Innovation Doctor Program (Grant No.JSSCBS20210283)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.2021M691615 and 2022T150326)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No.2021K011A).
文摘As an emerging cellular agriculture technology,cultured meat aims to produce meat from in vitro cell culture instead of conventional livestock slaughtering.Various tissue engineering technologies have been applied for cultured meat.In this perspective,we will overview the cutting-edge tissue engineering strategies for cultured meat from the classifications of textured scaffolds,3D bioprinting,molding,patterning,and cell sheet engineering,and also introduce the applied materials.The future prospects and challenges will also be discussed.
基金the Wenzhou Science and Technology Bureau Projects,No.Y20190105.
文摘BACKGROUND Transcrestal sinus floor elevation(TSFE)has been widely used in the oral clinic when the residual bone height(RBH)exceeds 5 mm.However,when there is insufficient RBH in the posterior maxilla,two-stage TSFE may be an option.CASE SUMMARY This article introduces the concept of two-stage TSFE.Six patients had osseointegration failure after TSFE.For the first-stage surgery,we restricted the vertical bone augmentation as much as possible.At the second-stage surgery,the increased RBH was 3.28±1.55 mm,which was beneficial for surgery.Five implants functioned successfully on schedule,but one implant failed again during the healing period.A third surgery was performed,and the implant functioned successfully.CONCLUSION When RBH was less than 5 mm,two or more procedures of TSFE might result in a higher RBH.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China with granted No.61402045,61370197the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education with granted No.20130005110011the National High Technology Research and Development Program with granted No.2013AA013301
文摘With the rapid popularization of social applications, various kinds of social media have developed into an important platform for publishing information and expressing opinion. Detecting hidden topics from the huge amount of user-generated contents is of great commerce value and social significance. However traditional text analysis approachesonly focus on the statistical correlation between words, but ignore the sentiment tendency and the temporal properties which may have great effects on topic detection results. This paper proposed a Dynamic Sentiment-Topic(DST) model which can not only detect and track the dynamic topics but also analyze the shift of public's sentiment tendency towards certain topic.Expectation-Maximization algorithm was used in DST model to estimate the latent distribution, and we used Gibbs sampling method to sample new document set and update the hyper parameters and distributions.Experiments are conducted on a real dataset and the results show that DST model outperforms the existing algorithms in terms of topic detection and sentiment accuracy.
基金This study was supported by grants from National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFC1311500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.81670725 and No.81970679).
文摘Background::To date,there is only scare evidence characterizing the temporal features and progression of metabolic dysfunction in high-fat diet(HFD)-fed obese mice.Hence,its specific pathogenesis remains unclear.Methods::Sixty 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into HFD and control diet(CD)groups and sacrificed at 1,5,9,13,17,and 21 weeks,respectively.At weekly intervals,intraperitoneal glucose tolerance testing(IPGTT)and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance testing(IPITT)were performed in both groups.A detailed time course in HFD-fed mice was investigated by evaluating the initiation of glucose homeostasis impairment,dyslipidemia,systemic insulin sensitivity,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)levels,epididymal white adipose tissue(eWAT)expansion,macrophage content changes,proinflammatory(M1)/anti-inflammatory(M2)macrophage imbalance,lipid accumulation in the liver,andβ-cell morphometry in the pancreas.Results::In the HFD group,progressive weight gain and impairments in glucose metabolism(elevated fasting blood glucose and area under the curve(AUC)of IPGTT)were observed from the 3rd week,and a significantly elevated AUC of IPITT was first detected after week 7 of HFD feeding.As for dyslipidemia,after 9 weeks of feeding,the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and total cholesterol level in HFD group were significantly higher than those in the CD group(all P<0.05),whereas no significant differences were shown in triglyceride level.Adipocyte size increased significantly in the HFD group in the 1st week,a phenotypic switch in eWAT from anti-inflammatory(M2)to pro-inflammatory(M1)macrophages was observed in the 5th week,and the metabolic inflammation was distinct in eWAT in the 9th week.Additionally,liver steatosis was considerably obvious at the 17th week and pancreaticβ-cell morphometry did not change during 21 weeks of HFD feeding.Conclusion::The eWAT expansion was detected early in HFD-induced obese mice,which occurred prior to obvious insulin resistance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62474058 and 61804049)the Yuelushan Center for Industrial Innovation(2023YCII0104)+2 种基金the Huxiang High Level Talent Gathering Project(2019RS1023)the Technology Innovation and Entrepreneurship Funds of Hunan Province,P.R.China(2019GK5029)the Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Changsha(kq1905012).
文摘Molecular dynamics(MD)is an indispensable atomistic-scale computational tool widely-used in various disciplines.In the past decades,nearly all ab initio MD and machine-learning MD have been based on the general-purpose central/graphics processing units(CPU/GPU),which are well-known to suffer from their intrinsic“memory wall”and“power wall”bottlenecks.Consequently,nowadays MD calculations with ab initio accuracy are extremely time-consuming and power-consuming,imposing serious restrictions on the MD simulation size and duration.To solve this problem,here we propose a special-purpose MD processing unit(MDPU),which could reduce MD time and power consumption by about 103 times(109 times)compared to state-of-the-art machine-learningMD(ab initio MD)based on CPU/GPU,while keeping ab initio accuracy.With significantly-enhanced performance,the proposed MDPU may pave a way for the accurate atomistic-scale analysis of large-size and/or longduration problems which were impossible/impractical to compute before.
