Desert lakes are an important link in the water cycle and an important reservoir of water resources in arid and semi-arid areas,playing an important role in maintaining the stability of the regional natural environmen...Desert lakes are an important link in the water cycle and an important reservoir of water resources in arid and semi-arid areas,playing an important role in maintaining the stability of the regional natural environment.However,studies on the hydrochemical evolution and transformation relationships between desert lake groups and potential water sources are limited.Taking the Qixing Lake,the only lake group within the Hobq Desert in China,as the area of interest,this study collected samples of precipitation water,Yellow River water,lake water,and groundwater at different burial depths in the Qixing Lake region from July 2023 to October 2024.The hydrochemistry of different water bodies was analyzed using a combination of Piper diagrams,Gibbs diagrams,ratio of ions,and MixSIAR mixing models to reveal the transformational relationships of lake water with precipitation,groundwater,and Yellow River water.Results showed that both groundwater and surface water in the study area are weakly-to-strongly alkaline,with HCO_(3)–as the dominant anion and Na^(+),Ca^(2+),and K^(+) as the main cations.The hydrochemical type of groundwater and some lakes was dominated by HCO3–-Na+,whereas that of other lakes was dominated by Cl–-Na^(+)and HCO3–-Mg^(2+).The hydrochemistry of groundwater and Yellow River water in the Qixing Lake region was controlled mainly by a combination of evaporite saline and silicate rock mineral dissolution.The local meteoric water line(LMWL)of the study area proved that regional water bodies are strongly affected by evaporative fractionation.The MixSIAR model revealed that shallow groundwater is the main recharge source of the lake group in the Qixing Lake region,accounting for 59.0%–64.2%of the total.The findings can provide references for the identification of water sources in desert lakes and the development and utilization of water resources in desert lake regions.展开更多
Tb^(3+)-,Eu^(3+)-activated and Eu^(3+)/Tb^(3+)-coactivated TeO_(2)-Gd_(2)O_(3)-WO_(3)-ZnO(TGWZ)glasses with the density of about 6.60 g/cm^(3)were successfully synthesized by a melt-quenching method.These glass scinti...Tb^(3+)-,Eu^(3+)-activated and Eu^(3+)/Tb^(3+)-coactivated TeO_(2)-Gd_(2)O_(3)-WO_(3)-ZnO(TGWZ)glasses with the density of about 6.60 g/cm^(3)were successfully synthesized by a melt-quenching method.These glass scintillato rs show a line transmittance coefficient in excess of 80%in the strongest green-emitting regions of Tb^(3+)ions.The optimal concentration of incorporated Tb^(3+)and Eu^(3+)ions and the corresponding interaction mechanism are determined in both Tb^(3+)and Eu^(3+)-activated TGWZ glasses.Compared with that of Tb^(3+)-activated TGWZ glasses,the luminous intensity of the Eu^(3+)/Tb^(3+)-coactivated TGWZ glasses is enhanced by 7.6 times,which can be attributed to the effective energy transfer(ET)from Tb^(3+)to Eu^(3+)ions.By investigating the concentration-dependent optical properties of these glasses including transmittance,photoluminescence(excitation and emission spectra),photoluminescence decay,the mechanism of ET in Eu^(3+)/Tb^(3+)-coactivated TGWZ glass scintillators is obtained.Also,the potential scintillation properties of the TGWZ glass scintillators are discussed by X-excited luminescence(XEL)sp ectra and the corresponding X-ray dose response tailored by various current intensity within 0-240μA(which corresponds to 0-40000 mGy).展开更多
目的应用Box-Behnken设计-响应面法,结合基准关联度和层次分析法(analytichierarchyprocess,AHP)-熵权法优化经典名方小承气汤的提取工艺。方法以芦荟大黄素和大黄酚、厚朴酚、辛弗林含量、出膏率及指纹图谱相似度为关键质量属性(critic...目的应用Box-Behnken设计-响应面法,结合基准关联度和层次分析法(analytichierarchyprocess,AHP)-熵权法优化经典名方小承气汤的提取工艺。方法以芦荟大黄素和大黄酚、厚朴酚、辛弗林含量、出膏率及指纹图谱相似度为关键质量属性(critical quality attributes,CQAs),以加水倍量、提取时间、提取次数为关键工艺参数(critical process parameters,CPPs),采用单因素实验确定各因素水平,Box-Behnken设计优化提取工艺参数并进行验证。最后,计算不同提取参数的各评价指标下各样品与基准样品的基准关联度,采用AHP-熵权法确定各种评价指标的权重系数,进行综合评分,预测最佳提取工艺。结果方差分析结果显示,2次项回归模型的方差显著(P<0.01),且失拟值不显著,表明所建模型具有统计学意义,各因素与响应值之间的关系可以用所建模型进行函数化。确定最佳提取工艺为全方饮片加6倍量水,提取30min,提取1次。平行3次的验证试验综合评分均值为95.37,RSD为2.31%,且符合基准样品质控标准。结论基于质量源于设计(quality by design,QbD)理念、基准关联度和AHP-熵权法筛选的经典名方小承气汤提取工艺参数稳健可靠,同时为其他经典名方的制备工艺开发提供了参考。展开更多
基金supported by the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region"Unveiling the List of Commanders"Project(2024JBGS0019)the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Graduate Student Research Innovation Project(KC2024036B)+1 种基金the Innovative Team on Desertification Control and Sandy Area Resource Conservation and Utilization(BR241301)the Desert Sand Ecological Protection and Management Technology Innovation Team(NMGIRT2408).
文摘Desert lakes are an important link in the water cycle and an important reservoir of water resources in arid and semi-arid areas,playing an important role in maintaining the stability of the regional natural environment.However,studies on the hydrochemical evolution and transformation relationships between desert lake groups and potential water sources are limited.Taking the Qixing Lake,the only lake group within the Hobq Desert in China,as the area of interest,this study collected samples of precipitation water,Yellow River water,lake water,and groundwater at different burial depths in the Qixing Lake region from July 2023 to October 2024.The hydrochemistry of different water bodies was analyzed using a combination of Piper diagrams,Gibbs diagrams,ratio of ions,and MixSIAR mixing models to reveal the transformational relationships of lake water with precipitation,groundwater,and Yellow River water.Results showed that both groundwater and surface water in the study area are weakly-to-strongly alkaline,with HCO_(3)–as the dominant anion and Na^(+),Ca^(2+),and K^(+) as the main cations.The hydrochemical type of groundwater and some lakes was dominated by HCO3–-Na+,whereas that of other lakes was dominated by Cl–-Na^(+)and HCO3–-Mg^(2+).The hydrochemistry of groundwater and Yellow River water in the Qixing Lake region was controlled mainly by a combination of evaporite saline and silicate rock mineral dissolution.The local meteoric water line(LMWL)of the study area proved that regional water bodies are strongly affected by evaporative fractionation.The MixSIAR model revealed that shallow groundwater is the main recharge source of the lake group in the Qixing Lake region,accounting for 59.0%–64.2%of the total.The findings can provide references for the identification of water sources in desert lakes and the development and utilization of water resources in desert lake regions.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(12065010)the Major Science and Technology Research and Development Project of Jiangxi Province(20223AAE01003)+3 种基金the Scientific Research Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education(GJJ211005,GJJ2201656)the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20224BAB211019,20224BAB211027)the Science and Technology Plan Project of Ji'an City(20233-117685)the opening fund of Key Laboratory of Rare Earths,the Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘Tb^(3+)-,Eu^(3+)-activated and Eu^(3+)/Tb^(3+)-coactivated TeO_(2)-Gd_(2)O_(3)-WO_(3)-ZnO(TGWZ)glasses with the density of about 6.60 g/cm^(3)were successfully synthesized by a melt-quenching method.These glass scintillato rs show a line transmittance coefficient in excess of 80%in the strongest green-emitting regions of Tb^(3+)ions.The optimal concentration of incorporated Tb^(3+)and Eu^(3+)ions and the corresponding interaction mechanism are determined in both Tb^(3+)and Eu^(3+)-activated TGWZ glasses.Compared with that of Tb^(3+)-activated TGWZ glasses,the luminous intensity of the Eu^(3+)/Tb^(3+)-coactivated TGWZ glasses is enhanced by 7.6 times,which can be attributed to the effective energy transfer(ET)from Tb^(3+)to Eu^(3+)ions.By investigating the concentration-dependent optical properties of these glasses including transmittance,photoluminescence(excitation and emission spectra),photoluminescence decay,the mechanism of ET in Eu^(3+)/Tb^(3+)-coactivated TGWZ glass scintillators is obtained.Also,the potential scintillation properties of the TGWZ glass scintillators are discussed by X-excited luminescence(XEL)sp ectra and the corresponding X-ray dose response tailored by various current intensity within 0-240μA(which corresponds to 0-40000 mGy).
文摘目的应用Box-Behnken设计-响应面法,结合基准关联度和层次分析法(analytichierarchyprocess,AHP)-熵权法优化经典名方小承气汤的提取工艺。方法以芦荟大黄素和大黄酚、厚朴酚、辛弗林含量、出膏率及指纹图谱相似度为关键质量属性(critical quality attributes,CQAs),以加水倍量、提取时间、提取次数为关键工艺参数(critical process parameters,CPPs),采用单因素实验确定各因素水平,Box-Behnken设计优化提取工艺参数并进行验证。最后,计算不同提取参数的各评价指标下各样品与基准样品的基准关联度,采用AHP-熵权法确定各种评价指标的权重系数,进行综合评分,预测最佳提取工艺。结果方差分析结果显示,2次项回归模型的方差显著(P<0.01),且失拟值不显著,表明所建模型具有统计学意义,各因素与响应值之间的关系可以用所建模型进行函数化。确定最佳提取工艺为全方饮片加6倍量水,提取30min,提取1次。平行3次的验证试验综合评分均值为95.37,RSD为2.31%,且符合基准样品质控标准。结论基于质量源于设计(quality by design,QbD)理念、基准关联度和AHP-熵权法筛选的经典名方小承气汤提取工艺参数稳健可靠,同时为其他经典名方的制备工艺开发提供了参考。
