Foods and animal feeds frequently become contaminated with the nephrotoxic ochratoxin A(OTA).Our prior research has indicated that ursolic acid(UA),which is widely present in fruits and medicinal plants,has the potent...Foods and animal feeds frequently become contaminated with the nephrotoxic ochratoxin A(OTA).Our prior research has indicated that ursolic acid(UA),which is widely present in fruits and medicinal plants,has the potential to alleviate nephrotoxicity triggered by OTA.Additionally,excessive induction of endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-phagy exacerbates OTA-induced apoptosis.Therefore,further investigation is essential to comprehend whether UA can mitigate OTA-induced apoptosis by influencing ER-phagy.This objective is accomplished through a series of experiments involving assessments of cell viability,apoptosis,fluorescence microscopy,and western blot analysis.The outcomes of these experiments reveal that pre-treatment with 4μmol/L UA for 2 h can markedly reverse the elevated apoptotic rate,the co-localization of ER and lysosomes,and the protein expressions of GRP78,p-eIF2α,Chop,Bax,and Bak,as well as the reduced cell viability and the protein expressions of Lonp1,Trap1,p62,Tex264,FAM134B,Bcl-2,and Bcl-xl,all caused by exposure to 1μmol/L OTA for 24 h in human proximal tubule epithelial-originated kidney-2(HK-2)cells(P<0.05).Interestingly,the increased expression of LC3B-II induced by OTA is further amplified by UA pre-treatment(P<0.05).In conclusion,OTA triggers a harmful feedback loop between ER stress(ERS)and excessive ER-phagy,thereby further promoting ERS-and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in vitro.However,this effect is significantly mitigated by UA through the inhibition of autophagosome-lysosome fusion,consequently blocking the excessive ER-phagic flux.展开更多
Uncertainties about natural gas source and hydrocarbon accumulation seriously restrict oil and gas exploration in the Lianggaoshan Formation(J_(2) l)in the Eastern Sichuan Basin,which has demonstrated great exploratio...Uncertainties about natural gas source and hydrocarbon accumulation seriously restrict oil and gas exploration in the Lianggaoshan Formation(J_(2) l)in the Eastern Sichuan Basin,which has demonstrated great exploration potential in recent years.This study determines the origin of natural gas and the hydrocarbon accumulation model of J_(2) l in the Eastern Sichuan Basin.A new sample pretreatment method named gas purge-microsyringe extraction was employed and confi rmed to be a practical and eff ective method for preparing condensate oil and collecting source rock extract samples.The source rocks of J_(2) l exhibited moderate to good qualities,characterized by high TOC values,dominance of type Ⅱ_(1) and Ⅱ_(2) kerogens,and high thermal maturities.Biomarker and aromatic characteristics revealed that the source rocks of J_(2) l were deposited in brackish water with weak anoxic conditions.The natural gas in J_(2) l was an organic thermogenic gas generated from the secondary cracking of crude oil,indicating that this natural gas was mainly derived from the source rocks of J_(2) l.The condensate oil-source rock correlation further confi rmed the accuracy of the gas-source correlation results.Based on burial,thermal and hydrocarbon-generating histories,two hydrocarbon charging periods(141–133 Ma and 119–112 Ma)and four hydrocarbon accumulation periods of J_(2) l were determined.Combined with structural evolution,depositional histories and reservoir conditions,a simple gas reservoir accumulation model of J_(2) l was developed,which was identifi ed as a“self-generating and self-storing”gas reservoir.展开更多
Municipal solid waste incineration(MSWI) fly ash is a by-product from municipal waste incineration.According to incomplete statistics, each year more than one million tons MSWI fly ash was produced in China. Owing to ...Municipal solid waste incineration(MSWI) fly ash is a by-product from municipal waste incineration.According to incomplete statistics, each year more than one million tons MSWI fly ash was produced in China. Owing to high heavy elements content, widely used disposal methods of landfill are not suitable for MSWI fly ash treatment. In this study, by using MSWI fly ash as raw materials, glassceramics was synthesized for the solidification of heavy metals and waste recycle. Process parameters, including composition, heat treatment temperature and time, were studied and optimized. Under optimizing conditions, the product has good properties of density of 3.42 g·cm^(-3) and Vickers hardness of 6.91 GPa. Moreover, the leaching concentration of heavy metal elements meets allowable values of toxicity characteristic leaching procedure(TCLP).This study offers an alternative for MSWI fly ash recycle.展开更多
Alpinia oxyphylla,a traditional herb,is widely used for its neuroprotective,antioxidant and memory-improving effects.However,the neuroprotective mechanisms of action of its active ingredients are unclear.In this study...Alpinia oxyphylla,a traditional herb,is widely used for its neuroprotective,antioxidant and memory-improving effects.However,the neuroprotective mechanisms of action of its active ingredients are unclear.In this study,we investigated the neuroprotective effects of various organic extracts of Alpinia oxyphylla on PC12 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in vitro.Alpinia oxyphylla was extracted three times with 95%ethanol(representing extracts 1–3).The third 95%ethanol extract was dried and resuspended in water,and then extracted successively with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and n-butanol(representing extracts 4–6).The cell counting kit-8 assay and microscopy were used to evaluate cell viability and observe the morphology of PC12 cells.The protective effect of the three ethanol extracts(at tested concentrations of 50,100 and 200μg/mL)against cytotoxicity to PC12 cells increased in a concentration-dependent manner.The ethyl acetate,petroleum ether and n-butanol extracts(each tested at 100,150 and 200μg/mL)had neuroprotective effects as well.The optimum effective concentration ranged from 50–200μg/mL,and the protective effect of the ethyl acetate extract was comparatively robust.These results demonstrate that organic extracts of Alpinia oxyphylla protect PC12 cells against apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide.Our findings should help identify the bioactive neuroprotective components in Alpinia oxyphylla.展开更多
Discrimination of seismicity distributed in different areas is essential for reliable seismic risk assessment in mines.Although machine learning has been widely applied in seismic data processing,feasibility and relia...Discrimination of seismicity distributed in different areas is essential for reliable seismic risk assessment in mines.Although machine learning has been widely applied in seismic data processing,feasibility and reliability of applying this technique to classify spatially clustered seismic events in underground mines are yet to be investigated.In this research,two groups of seismic events with a minimum local magnitude(ML) of-3 were observed in an underground coal mine.They were respectively located around a dyke and the longwall face.Additionally,two types of undesired signals were also recorded.Four machine learning methods,i.e.random forest(RF),support vector machine(SVM),deep convolutional neural network(DCNN),and residual neural network(ResNN),were used for classifying these signals.The results obtained based on a primary dataset showed that these seismic events could be classified with at least 91% accuracy.The DCNN using seismogram images as the inputs reached the best performance with more than 94% accuracy.As mining is a dynamic progress which could change the characteristics of seismic signals,the temporal variance in the prediction performance of DCNN was also investigated to assess the reliability of this classifier during mining.A cascaded workflow consisting of database update,model training,signal prediction,and results review was established.By progressively calibrating the DCNN model,it achieved up to 99% prediction accuracy.The results demonstrated that machine learning is a reliable tool for the automatic discrimination of spatially clustered seismicity in underground mining.展开更多
This research is designed to investigate the relationship between the 24-h movement guidelines(24-HMG)and self-reported academic achievement(AA)using nationally representative data derived from the 2019 U.S.National Y...This research is designed to investigate the relationship between the 24-h movement guidelines(24-HMG)and self-reported academic achievement(AA)using nationally representative data derived from the 2019 U.S.National Youth Risk Behaviour Survey.A multiple-stage cluster sampling procedure has been adopted to ensure a representative sample(N=9127 adolescents;mean age=15.7 years old;male%=49.8%).Logistic regression has been adopted to obtain the odds ratio(OR)regarding the associations between adherence to 24-HMG and AA while controlling for ethnicity,body mass index,sex and age.The prevalence of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines in isolation and combination varied greatly(physical activity=23.3%,screen time=32.5%,sleep=22.3%,and 24-HMG=2.8%),while the percentage of highest-class AA was 42.5%.Compared with the situation when none of 24-HMG is met,the achievement of any of the combined guidelines(except for meeting the physical activity guidelines)was significantly associated with higher odds of achieving first-class AA.Meeting the sleep guideline had 1.42 times increased likelihood to achieve highest-class AA as compared with not meeting the sleep guideline.Meeting screen time guidelines and physical activity guidelines,respectively,were 1.32 and 1.13 times more likely to report first-class AA;but meeting the guidelines of physical activity was not significantly related to AA.Meeting the 24-HMG had the highest odds of achieving first-class AA(OR=2.01,95%CI:1.47-2.73).In both sexes,adolescents who met 24-HMG self-reported better AA(boys OR=2.05,95%CI:1.34-3.15;girls OR=2.26,95%CI:1.36-3.76).Significant relationships were observed in adolescents from 9-10th grade,but not higher grades.Our research findings suggest that optimal movement behaviours can be seen as an important element to better academic achievement among U.S.adolescents.Future studies can adopt our discoveries to promote adolescents’academic achievement through implementing optimal 24-h movement behaviour patterns.展开更多
Background:Emerging adulthood is a pivotal life stage,presenting significant psychological and social changes,such as decreased sociability,depression,and other mental health problems.Previous studies have associated ...Background:Emerging adulthood is a pivotal life stage,presenting significant psychological and social changes,such as decreased sociability,depression,and other mental health problems.Previous studies have associated these changes with an unhealthy lifestyle.The 24-h movement guidelines for healthy lifestyles have been developed to promote appropriate health behaviors and improve individual wellness.However,the relationship between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and different characteristics of Chinese emerging adults is yet to be explored.This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and four characteristics(self-exploration,instability,possibilities,and responsibility)of Chinese emerging adults.Methods:Overall,1,510 Chinese emerging adults aged 18–29 years were included in this study.Each participant completed a self-administered questionnaire that included questions on adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines(physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep)and the inventory of dimensions of emerging adulthood.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the associations between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and each of the four characteristics.Results:The proportion of participants who adhered to the 24-h movement guidelines was 31.72%.Multiple regression analysis revealed a significantly negative relationship between adhering to more guidelines and instability(β=−0.51,p<0.001).A statistically significant association was observed between instability and meeting only sedentary behavior(β=−1.27,95%confidence interval[CI]:[−2.32,−0.24],p=0.02),sedentary behavior+sleep(β=−1.30,95%CI:[−2.24,−0.35],p<0.01),and physical activity+sedentary behavior(β=−1.08,95%CI:[1.94,−0.21],p=0.02)guidelines.Further,positive and significant associations were observed between possibilities and meeting the guidelines for only physical activity(β=0.70,95%CI:[0.14,1.27),p=0.01),only sleep(β=0.61,95%CI:[0.01,1.21],p=0.04),physical activity+sedentary behavior(β=0.56,95%CI:[0.04,1.07),p=0.01),and physical activity+sleep(β=0.76,95%CI:[0.23,1.27],p=0.01).Conclusions:These findings suggest that adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines was associated with instability in Chinese emerging adults.Future studies are warranted to verify our findings to highlight the importance of maintaining a heath lifestyle to promote health in emerging adulthood.展开更多
Background Computer Generated Animations(CGA),when applied to three-dimensional(3D)city models(3DCM),can be used as powerful tools to support urban decision-making.This leads to a new paradigm,based on procedural mode...Background Computer Generated Animations(CGA),when applied to three-dimensional(3D)city models(3DCM),can be used as powerful tools to support urban decision-making.This leads to a new paradigm,based on procedural modeling,that allows the integration of known urban structures.Methods This paper introduces a new workflow for the development of high-quality approximations of urban models in a short time and enables facilities to be imported from other cities into a given city model,following specific generation rules.Results Thus,this workflow provides a very simple approach to observe,study,and simulate the implementation of models already developed in other cities,in a city where they are not yet adopted.Examples of these models include all types of mobility systems and urban infrastructure.Conclusions This allows us to perceive the environmental impact of certain decisions in the real world,as well as to carry out simple simulations to determine the changes that can occur in the flows of people,traffic,and other city activities.展开更多
The arc faults inside oil-immersed power equipment can produce high-amplitude pres-sure waves inside tanks,which might cause ignition and explosion accidents.This kind of failure is one of the most severe faults for p...The arc faults inside oil-immersed power equipment can produce high-amplitude pres-sure waves inside tanks,which might cause ignition and explosion accidents.This kind of failure is one of the most severe faults for power equipment and has attracted consid-erable attention in recent years.However,due to the high risk of the experiments and the complex development of arc in oil,the characteristics of the pressure wave formed by the arc are still confusing.In this paper,the time-frequency characteristics of pressure waves are analysed using several experiments of 1-8 kA power-frequency arc inside a closed oil tank.The experimental results show that the pressure wave produced by the arc in oil contains three frequency bands,0-500 Hz,500 Hz-40 kHz,and above 40 kHz,which are related to the arc energy,the average current around arc ignition and the metal wire explosion respectively.This helps further understand the formation mechanism of the pressure wave caused by the arc in oil.This paper discusses the influences of ignition wire on arc-formed pressure waves.A wire diameter selection method for arc experiments is established to reduce the pressure differences between wire-ignited arcs and actual arc faults.展开更多
Background:There is growing evidence that an acute bout of exercise positively influences executive function(EF).However,the existing evidence primarily originates from laboratory-based studies,and only a limited numb...Background:There is growing evidence that an acute bout of exercise positively influences executive function(EF).However,the existing evidence primarily originates from laboratory-based studies,and only a limited number of studies have extended this work to real-world classroom settings.Accordingly,in the present study,we aimed to employ a real classroom setting to determine whether acute exercise-induced effects on EF emerged.Methods:All 49 students who enrolled in a real-world course agreed to participate in the experimental protocol and the final sample was composed of 43 individuals(13 male and 30 female participants).Participants were asked to perform an acute bout of exercise(i.e,10 min at moderate intensity)before a real classroom,and on a separate day,complete a non-exercise control condition.EF was assessed via Naming,Inhibition,and Switching variants of the Stroop task.We used a paired-samples t-test to compare participants’cognitive load between two conditions and a repeated-measures ANOVA to investigate changes in RPE.What’s more,a repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine potential pre-to post-class changes in EF-related parameters(e.g.,inverse efficiency scores,reaction times,and error rates).Results:A pre-to post-class benefit in performance efficiency across all Stroop task variants was shown.In both exercise and control conditions,there was a significant main effect of time,with lower inverse efficiency scores(IES)(p=0.003)and shorter reaction times(RT)(p<0.001)observed from pre-to post-class.Moreover,performance gains varied by Stroop task-type,with the Switching task showing the longest RTs and largest IES,reflecting its greater cognitive demands.Importantly,a marginally significant three-way interaction among task-type,intervention,and time(p=0.052)indicated that the exercise intervention enhanced post-class performance on the Switching task.Post-hoc analyses revealed significantly lower IES and faster RTs at post-class for both the Naming and Switching tasks,particularly in the exercise group(e.g.,Switching IES:p<0.001;Switching RT:p<0.001).Conclusions:These findings suggest that pre-class acute exercise enhances EF and provides a benefit to cognitive flexibility.Accordingly,our results extend previous knowledge by indicating that the cognitive benefits of acute exercise observed primarily in laboratory settings can be translated to real-world educational contexts.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82060598,32260587)the Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou Province(QKH-J-ZK[2021]181)+4 种基金the Scientific Research Program of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education(QJJ[2023]019)the Science&Technology Program of Guizhou Province(QKHPTRC-CXTD[2022]014)the Excellent Youth Talents of Zunyi Medical University(17zy-006)the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students of Guizhou Province(S202210661138)the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students of Zunyi Medical University(ZYDC2021108)。
文摘Foods and animal feeds frequently become contaminated with the nephrotoxic ochratoxin A(OTA).Our prior research has indicated that ursolic acid(UA),which is widely present in fruits and medicinal plants,has the potential to alleviate nephrotoxicity triggered by OTA.Additionally,excessive induction of endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-phagy exacerbates OTA-induced apoptosis.Therefore,further investigation is essential to comprehend whether UA can mitigate OTA-induced apoptosis by influencing ER-phagy.This objective is accomplished through a series of experiments involving assessments of cell viability,apoptosis,fluorescence microscopy,and western blot analysis.The outcomes of these experiments reveal that pre-treatment with 4μmol/L UA for 2 h can markedly reverse the elevated apoptotic rate,the co-localization of ER and lysosomes,and the protein expressions of GRP78,p-eIF2α,Chop,Bax,and Bak,as well as the reduced cell viability and the protein expressions of Lonp1,Trap1,p62,Tex264,FAM134B,Bcl-2,and Bcl-xl,all caused by exposure to 1μmol/L OTA for 24 h in human proximal tubule epithelial-originated kidney-2(HK-2)cells(P<0.05).Interestingly,the increased expression of LC3B-II induced by OTA is further amplified by UA pre-treatment(P<0.05).In conclusion,OTA triggers a harmful feedback loop between ER stress(ERS)and excessive ER-phagy,thereby further promoting ERS-and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in vitro.However,this effect is significantly mitigated by UA through the inhibition of autophagosome-lysosome fusion,consequently blocking the excessive ER-phagic flux.
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.41902153,42072140,42102133 and 42202170)Natural Science Foundation Project of Chongqing(grant nos.cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0455,CSTB2022NSCQ-JQX0031 and CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1586)Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(grant nos.KJQN202101544,KJZD-M202101502).
文摘Uncertainties about natural gas source and hydrocarbon accumulation seriously restrict oil and gas exploration in the Lianggaoshan Formation(J_(2) l)in the Eastern Sichuan Basin,which has demonstrated great exploration potential in recent years.This study determines the origin of natural gas and the hydrocarbon accumulation model of J_(2) l in the Eastern Sichuan Basin.A new sample pretreatment method named gas purge-microsyringe extraction was employed and confi rmed to be a practical and eff ective method for preparing condensate oil and collecting source rock extract samples.The source rocks of J_(2) l exhibited moderate to good qualities,characterized by high TOC values,dominance of type Ⅱ_(1) and Ⅱ_(2) kerogens,and high thermal maturities.Biomarker and aromatic characteristics revealed that the source rocks of J_(2) l were deposited in brackish water with weak anoxic conditions.The natural gas in J_(2) l was an organic thermogenic gas generated from the secondary cracking of crude oil,indicating that this natural gas was mainly derived from the source rocks of J_(2) l.The condensate oil-source rock correlation further confi rmed the accuracy of the gas-source correlation results.Based on burial,thermal and hydrocarbon-generating histories,two hydrocarbon charging periods(141–133 Ma and 119–112 Ma)and four hydrocarbon accumulation periods of J_(2) l were determined.Combined with structural evolution,depositional histories and reservoir conditions,a simple gas reservoir accumulation model of J_(2) l was developed,which was identifi ed as a“self-generating and self-storing”gas reservoir.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U1360202, 51472030, 51672024 and 51502014)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. FRF-TP-16-027A3)the Innovation Project of Yunnan Province New Material Preparation and Processing Key Laboratory (No. 2016cx05)
文摘Municipal solid waste incineration(MSWI) fly ash is a by-product from municipal waste incineration.According to incomplete statistics, each year more than one million tons MSWI fly ash was produced in China. Owing to high heavy elements content, widely used disposal methods of landfill are not suitable for MSWI fly ash treatment. In this study, by using MSWI fly ash as raw materials, glassceramics was synthesized for the solidification of heavy metals and waste recycle. Process parameters, including composition, heat treatment temperature and time, were studied and optimized. Under optimizing conditions, the product has good properties of density of 3.42 g·cm^(-3) and Vickers hardness of 6.91 GPa. Moreover, the leaching concentration of heavy metal elements meets allowable values of toxicity characteristic leaching procedure(TCLP).This study offers an alternative for MSWI fly ash recycle.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81574038(to ZZW)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China,No.2017A030313842(to LHD)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Foundation of Guangdong Province of China,No.2017A050506007(to YHL)the Technology Research Foundation of Basic Research Project of Shenzhen City of China,No.JCYJ20170412161254416(to ZZW)
文摘Alpinia oxyphylla,a traditional herb,is widely used for its neuroprotective,antioxidant and memory-improving effects.However,the neuroprotective mechanisms of action of its active ingredients are unclear.In this study,we investigated the neuroprotective effects of various organic extracts of Alpinia oxyphylla on PC12 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in vitro.Alpinia oxyphylla was extracted three times with 95%ethanol(representing extracts 1–3).The third 95%ethanol extract was dried and resuspended in water,and then extracted successively with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and n-butanol(representing extracts 4–6).The cell counting kit-8 assay and microscopy were used to evaluate cell viability and observe the morphology of PC12 cells.The protective effect of the three ethanol extracts(at tested concentrations of 50,100 and 200μg/mL)against cytotoxicity to PC12 cells increased in a concentration-dependent manner.The ethyl acetate,petroleum ether and n-butanol extracts(each tested at 100,150 and 200μg/mL)had neuroprotective effects as well.The optimum effective concentration ranged from 50–200μg/mL,and the protective effect of the ethyl acetate extract was comparatively robust.These results demonstrate that organic extracts of Alpinia oxyphylla protect PC12 cells against apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide.Our findings should help identify the bioactive neuroprotective components in Alpinia oxyphylla.
基金the Australia Coal Association Research Program(ACARP)(Grant Nos.C26006 and C26053)Supports from CSIRO。
文摘Discrimination of seismicity distributed in different areas is essential for reliable seismic risk assessment in mines.Although machine learning has been widely applied in seismic data processing,feasibility and reliability of applying this technique to classify spatially clustered seismic events in underground mines are yet to be investigated.In this research,two groups of seismic events with a minimum local magnitude(ML) of-3 were observed in an underground coal mine.They were respectively located around a dyke and the longwall face.Additionally,two types of undesired signals were also recorded.Four machine learning methods,i.e.random forest(RF),support vector machine(SVM),deep convolutional neural network(DCNN),and residual neural network(ResNN),were used for classifying these signals.The results obtained based on a primary dataset showed that these seismic events could be classified with at least 91% accuracy.The DCNN using seismogram images as the inputs reached the best performance with more than 94% accuracy.As mining is a dynamic progress which could change the characteristics of seismic signals,the temporal variance in the prediction performance of DCNN was also investigated to assess the reliability of this classifier during mining.A cascaded workflow consisting of database update,model training,signal prediction,and results review was established.By progressively calibrating the DCNN model,it achieved up to 99% prediction accuracy.The results demonstrated that machine learning is a reliable tool for the automatic discrimination of spatially clustered seismicity in underground mining.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation(217BTY032)Key Project from the Social Science Foundation of Hunan Province(16ZDB015).
文摘This research is designed to investigate the relationship between the 24-h movement guidelines(24-HMG)and self-reported academic achievement(AA)using nationally representative data derived from the 2019 U.S.National Youth Risk Behaviour Survey.A multiple-stage cluster sampling procedure has been adopted to ensure a representative sample(N=9127 adolescents;mean age=15.7 years old;male%=49.8%).Logistic regression has been adopted to obtain the odds ratio(OR)regarding the associations between adherence to 24-HMG and AA while controlling for ethnicity,body mass index,sex and age.The prevalence of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines in isolation and combination varied greatly(physical activity=23.3%,screen time=32.5%,sleep=22.3%,and 24-HMG=2.8%),while the percentage of highest-class AA was 42.5%.Compared with the situation when none of 24-HMG is met,the achievement of any of the combined guidelines(except for meeting the physical activity guidelines)was significantly associated with higher odds of achieving first-class AA.Meeting the sleep guideline had 1.42 times increased likelihood to achieve highest-class AA as compared with not meeting the sleep guideline.Meeting screen time guidelines and physical activity guidelines,respectively,were 1.32 and 1.13 times more likely to report first-class AA;but meeting the guidelines of physical activity was not significantly related to AA.Meeting the 24-HMG had the highest odds of achieving first-class AA(OR=2.01,95%CI:1.47-2.73).In both sexes,adolescents who met 24-HMG self-reported better AA(boys OR=2.05,95%CI:1.34-3.15;girls OR=2.26,95%CI:1.36-3.76).Significant relationships were observed in adolescents from 9-10th grade,but not higher grades.Our research findings suggest that optimal movement behaviours can be seen as an important element to better academic achievement among U.S.adolescents.Future studies can adopt our discoveries to promote adolescents’academic achievement through implementing optimal 24-h movement behaviour patterns.
基金the Research on Youth Physical Behavior and Mental Health Problems-Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(2022SB0022).
文摘Background:Emerging adulthood is a pivotal life stage,presenting significant psychological and social changes,such as decreased sociability,depression,and other mental health problems.Previous studies have associated these changes with an unhealthy lifestyle.The 24-h movement guidelines for healthy lifestyles have been developed to promote appropriate health behaviors and improve individual wellness.However,the relationship between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and different characteristics of Chinese emerging adults is yet to be explored.This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and four characteristics(self-exploration,instability,possibilities,and responsibility)of Chinese emerging adults.Methods:Overall,1,510 Chinese emerging adults aged 18–29 years were included in this study.Each participant completed a self-administered questionnaire that included questions on adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines(physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep)and the inventory of dimensions of emerging adulthood.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the associations between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and each of the four characteristics.Results:The proportion of participants who adhered to the 24-h movement guidelines was 31.72%.Multiple regression analysis revealed a significantly negative relationship between adhering to more guidelines and instability(β=−0.51,p<0.001).A statistically significant association was observed between instability and meeting only sedentary behavior(β=−1.27,95%confidence interval[CI]:[−2.32,−0.24],p=0.02),sedentary behavior+sleep(β=−1.30,95%CI:[−2.24,−0.35],p<0.01),and physical activity+sedentary behavior(β=−1.08,95%CI:[1.94,−0.21],p=0.02)guidelines.Further,positive and significant associations were observed between possibilities and meeting the guidelines for only physical activity(β=0.70,95%CI:[0.14,1.27),p=0.01),only sleep(β=0.61,95%CI:[0.01,1.21],p=0.04),physical activity+sedentary behavior(β=0.56,95%CI:[0.04,1.07),p=0.01),and physical activity+sleep(β=0.76,95%CI:[0.23,1.27],p=0.01).Conclusions:These findings suggest that adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines was associated with instability in Chinese emerging adults.Future studies are warranted to verify our findings to highlight the importance of maintaining a heath lifestyle to promote health in emerging adulthood.
基金project"Crowdsourcing Optimized Wireless Sensor Network Deployment(CRoWD)"of Dirección General de Investigaciones of Universidad Santiago de Cali under grant No.613-621119-852.
文摘Background Computer Generated Animations(CGA),when applied to three-dimensional(3D)city models(3DCM),can be used as powerful tools to support urban decision-making.This leads to a new paradigm,based on procedural modeling,that allows the integration of known urban structures.Methods This paper introduces a new workflow for the development of high-quality approximations of urban models in a short time and enables facilities to be imported from other cities into a given city model,following specific generation rules.Results Thus,this workflow provides a very simple approach to observe,study,and simulate the implementation of models already developed in other cities,in a city where they are not yet adopted.Examples of these models include all types of mobility systems and urban infrastructure.Conclusions This allows us to perceive the environmental impact of certain decisions in the real world,as well as to carry out simple simulations to determine the changes that can occur in the flows of people,traffic,and other city activities.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2023YFB2407001National Natural Science Foundation of China(Young Scientistic Program),Grant/Award Number:52007148。
文摘The arc faults inside oil-immersed power equipment can produce high-amplitude pres-sure waves inside tanks,which might cause ignition and explosion accidents.This kind of failure is one of the most severe faults for power equipment and has attracted consid-erable attention in recent years.However,due to the high risk of the experiments and the complex development of arc in oil,the characteristics of the pressure wave formed by the arc are still confusing.In this paper,the time-frequency characteristics of pressure waves are analysed using several experiments of 1-8 kA power-frequency arc inside a closed oil tank.The experimental results show that the pressure wave produced by the arc in oil contains three frequency bands,0-500 Hz,500 Hz-40 kHz,and above 40 kHz,which are related to the arc energy,the average current around arc ignition and the metal wire explosion respectively.This helps further understand the formation mechanism of the pressure wave caused by the arc in oil.This paper discusses the influences of ignition wire on arc-formed pressure waves.A wire diameter selection method for arc experiments is established to reduce the pressure differences between wire-ignited arcs and actual arc faults.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Educational Research Funding(grant number zdzb2014)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission(grant number 202307313000096)+3 种基金Social Science Foundation from China’s Ministry of Education(grant number 23YJA880093)Post-doctoral Fellowship(grant number 2022M711174)National Center for Mental Health(grant number Z014)Research Excellence Scholarships of Shenzhen University(grant number ZYZD2305).
文摘Background:There is growing evidence that an acute bout of exercise positively influences executive function(EF).However,the existing evidence primarily originates from laboratory-based studies,and only a limited number of studies have extended this work to real-world classroom settings.Accordingly,in the present study,we aimed to employ a real classroom setting to determine whether acute exercise-induced effects on EF emerged.Methods:All 49 students who enrolled in a real-world course agreed to participate in the experimental protocol and the final sample was composed of 43 individuals(13 male and 30 female participants).Participants were asked to perform an acute bout of exercise(i.e,10 min at moderate intensity)before a real classroom,and on a separate day,complete a non-exercise control condition.EF was assessed via Naming,Inhibition,and Switching variants of the Stroop task.We used a paired-samples t-test to compare participants’cognitive load between two conditions and a repeated-measures ANOVA to investigate changes in RPE.What’s more,a repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine potential pre-to post-class changes in EF-related parameters(e.g.,inverse efficiency scores,reaction times,and error rates).Results:A pre-to post-class benefit in performance efficiency across all Stroop task variants was shown.In both exercise and control conditions,there was a significant main effect of time,with lower inverse efficiency scores(IES)(p=0.003)and shorter reaction times(RT)(p<0.001)observed from pre-to post-class.Moreover,performance gains varied by Stroop task-type,with the Switching task showing the longest RTs and largest IES,reflecting its greater cognitive demands.Importantly,a marginally significant three-way interaction among task-type,intervention,and time(p=0.052)indicated that the exercise intervention enhanced post-class performance on the Switching task.Post-hoc analyses revealed significantly lower IES and faster RTs at post-class for both the Naming and Switching tasks,particularly in the exercise group(e.g.,Switching IES:p<0.001;Switching RT:p<0.001).Conclusions:These findings suggest that pre-class acute exercise enhances EF and provides a benefit to cognitive flexibility.Accordingly,our results extend previous knowledge by indicating that the cognitive benefits of acute exercise observed primarily in laboratory settings can be translated to real-world educational contexts.
