目的评价已发表的非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)中医/中西医结合诊疗指南/共识的方法学和报告质量,以期为今后代谢相关脂肪性肝病中医/中西医结合指南/共识的制定提供参考依据。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、...目的评价已发表的非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)中医/中西医结合诊疗指南/共识的方法学和报告质量,以期为今后代谢相关脂肪性肝病中医/中西医结合指南/共识的制定提供参考依据。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方和中国生物医学文献数据库,以及中华中医药学会和中国中西医结合学会的网站(自建库至2024年9月1日)。由两位临床研究人员分别使用指南的研究和评估工具第二版(AGREEⅡ)和国际实践指南报告规范(RIGHT)评价纳入NAFLD中医/中西医结合诊疗指南/共识的方法学质量及报告质量。结果通过文献筛选,最终纳入9篇指南/共识,其中指南4篇,专家共识5篇;采用AGREEⅡ评价9篇指南/共识不同领域得分依次为范围和目的(47.1%)、参与人员(41.0%)、严谨性(21.6%)、清晰性(40.2%)、应用性(19.1%)、独立性(19.6%)。文献推荐级别划分为:B级(修订后推荐)4篇,C级(不推荐)5篇。RIGHT评估显示,“基本信息”与“证据”报告率高,其他领域有待提升。目前,对于NAFLD的中医/中西医结合诊疗指南/共识,尚无国际标准且质量需加强以确保全面性和可信度。结论NAFLD中医/中西医结合诊疗指南/共识的质量仍有提升潜力,应严格遵循AGREEⅡ与RIGHT清单,以确保指南/共识的公正性、科学性与透明度。展开更多
Objectives:To develop the List of Clinical Needs for New Chinese Materia Medica Development(Second Batch),aiming to identify and highlight specific diseases with pressing,unmet therapeutic needs.The objective is to gu...Objectives:To develop the List of Clinical Needs for New Chinese Materia Medica Development(Second Batch),aiming to identify and highlight specific diseases with pressing,unmet therapeutic needs.The objective is to guide pharmaceutical research and development(R&D)by establishing development priorities based on clinical gaps,epidemiological burden,and the shortcomings of existing treatments.Methods:The list was developed by the China Association of Chinese Medicine using a methodology grounded in evidence and expert consensus.Results:The list identifies 8 diseases with significant clinical gaps:Myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS),fibromyalgia(FM),atrophic gastritis and its precancerous lesions,adenomyosis(AM),diabetes related foot ulcers(DFU),granulomatous mastitis(GLM),diabetic kidney disease(DKD),and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).For each disease,the list provides a systematic analysis of epidemiological burden,limitations of current treatments,and specific clinical needs.It also proposes a strategic research framework focused on multi-target mechanisms,disease-modifying potential,and optimized combination therapies.Conclusions:The list provides a strategically structured framework to guide the development of new Chinese materia medica.It aligns traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)development with national public health priorities,emphasizes TCM's holistic and multi-target advantages,and promotes a patient-centered approach.By bridging clinical needs with TCM principles,the list aims to foster the creation of clinically valuable medicines to address chronic and complex diseases where current western medical approaches are insufficient.展开更多
目的探讨健脾疏肝丸对非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)大鼠肝X受体(liver X receptorα,LXRα)-固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1(sterolregulatory element-binding protein-1,SREBP-1)-脂肪酸合成酶(fatty acid s...目的探讨健脾疏肝丸对非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)大鼠肝X受体(liver X receptorα,LXRα)-固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1(sterolregulatory element-binding protein-1,SREBP-1)-脂肪酸合成酶(fatty acid synthase,FAS)信号转导通路的影响。方法将32只无特定病原体(specific pathogen free,SPF)SD雄性大鼠按照随机数字表法分为正常组、模型组、健脾疏肝丸组和易善复组,每组8只。正常组进食普通饲料,其他组进食高脂饲料,健脾疏肝丸组给予4.86 g/(kg·d)灌胃,易善复组给予0.123 g/(kg·d)灌胃,正常组和模型组给予等量蒸馏水灌胃。灌胃与造模同时进行,共8周。检测大鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、高密度脂蛋白(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、甘油三酯(triglycerides,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor alpha,TNF-α)及白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)水平。对大鼠肝组织切片进行HE染色和油红O染色,于光学显微镜下观察。采用免疫组织化学法、蛋白质免疫印迹法及实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(real time polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)检测大鼠LXRα、SREBP-1及FAS的表达水平。结果 (1)正常组、模型组、健脾疏肝丸组和易善复组大鼠ALT[(3.40±0.81)U/L vs(9.98±2.27)U/L vs(7.80±1.52)U/L vs(6.43±1.89)U/L]、AST [(10.61±1.17)U/L vs(23.63±4.82)U/L vs(18.04±2.98)U/L vs(16.42±3.30)U/L]、TNF-α[(2.40±0.96)×10-3μg/L vs(6.64±0.92)×10-3μg/L vs(4.87±1.35)×10-3μg/L vs(4.45±1.39)×10-3μg/L]、IL-6 [(0.95±0.81)pg/ml vs(7.88±3.08)pg/ml vs(3.17±1.26)pg/ml vs(1.64±0.55)pg/ml]、TG [(0.33±0.13)mmol/L vs(0.90±0.24)mmol/L vs(0.62±0.37)mmol/L vs 0.62(0.46,0.66)mmol/L]、TC [(2.10±0.42)mmol/L vs 5.34(5.17,6.12)mmol/Lvs(3.68±0.63)mmol/Lvs(3.41±0.81)mmol/L]、HDL-C [(1.07±0.17)mmol/Lvs(0.62±0.14)mmol/Lvs(0.78±0.13)mmol/Lvs(0.79±0.12)mmol/L]及LDL-C[0.38(0.26,0.41)mmol/L vs(0.69±0.11)mmol/L vs(0.41±0.13)mmol/L vs(0.43±0.10)mmol/L]水平差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。与正常组相比,模型组AST、ALT、LDL-C、TG、TC、IL-6及TNF-α显著升高,HDL-C显著降低(P <0.05);与模型组相比,健脾疏肝丸组和易善复组AST、ALT、LDL-C、TG、TC、IL-6、TNF-α显著降低,HDL-C显著升高(P<0.05);与健脾疏肝丸组相比,易善复组大鼠血清TC显著降低(P <0.05),其他各指标差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。(2)肝组织HE染色和油红O染色示:与正常组相比,模型组大鼠肝脏脂肪变严重;与模型组相比,健脾疏肝丸组大鼠肝脏脂肪变减轻。(3)免疫组织化学结果表明,正常组、模型组、健脾疏肝丸组和易善复组大鼠LXRα(345872±52737 vs 544998±55506 vs 436319±65076 vs 448588±104641)、SREBP-1(259408±71143 vs 538701±62336vs 399705±102395 vs 394167±158047)和FAS(201683±48205 vs 466884±74934 vs 425589±63672 vs417852±84373)相对表达水平差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。与正常组相比,模型组各蛋白相对表达水平均显著升高(P <0.05);与模型组相比,健脾疏肝丸组与易善复组各蛋白相对表达水平显著下降(P <0.05);健脾疏肝丸组与易善复组各蛋白相对表达水平差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。(4)Western blot结果表明,正常组、模型组、健脾疏肝丸组和易善复组大鼠LXRα[0.80±0.29 vs 1.57(1.30,1.67) vs 1.09±0.30 vs 1.10±0.36]、SREBP-1(0.42±0.12 vs 1.15±0.45 vs 0.86±0.20 vs 0.84±0.20)和FAS(0.43±0.12 vs 1.10±0.40 vs 0.81±0.26 vs 0.80±0.28)相对表达水平差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。与正常组对比,模型组小鼠各蛋白相对表达水平显著升高(P <0.05);与模型组对比,健脾疏肝丸组及易善复组小鼠LXRα蛋白相对表达水平显著降低(P <0.05),健脾疏肝丸组与易善复组相比,各蛋白相对表达水平差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。(5)正常组、模型组、健脾疏肝丸组和易善复组大鼠肝组织LXRα[1.13±0.38 vs 4.14(4.01,4.35) vs 2.65±1.85 vs 1.35(0.54,4.23)]、SREBP-1、FAS[1.37±0.49 vs 4.35±1.97 vs 1.98(1.88,3.22)m RNA相对表达量差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。与正常组相比,模型组LXRα[1.46±0.51 vs 6.13±1.17 vs 3.82±2.06 vs 1.56(1.19,4.74)]、SREBP-1、FAS vs1.83(1.64,4.29)] m RNA相对表达量显著升高(P <0.05);与模型组对比,健脾疏肝丸组及易善复组LXRα、SREBP-1、FAS m RNA表达均显著降低(P <0.05),健脾疏肝丸组与易善复组相比,LXRα、SREBP-1、FAS m RNA表达差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论健脾疏肝丸对大鼠NAFLD的改善作用可能与其抑制LXRα-SREBP-1-FAS信号转导通路有关。展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the therapeutic mechanism of compound Yindan decoction (CYD) in a rat model of acute intrahepatic cholestatic (AIC).METHODS:A total of 108 adult male rats were randomly divided into control (n...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the therapeutic mechanism of compound Yindan decoction (CYD) in a rat model of acute intrahepatic cholestatic (AIC).METHODS:A total of 108 adult male rats were randomly divided into control (n =18) and AIC groups (n =90).AIC was induced in rats using alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)(75 mg/kg,10 mL/kg in corn oil,p.o.).Then,90 AIC rats were randomly divided into five groups:a control group (n =18),a CYD high dose group (n =18),a CYD middle dose group (n =18),a CYD low dose group (n =18),and a ursodeoxycholicacid (UDCA) group (n =18).According to sampling time,each group was subdivided into three subgroups:24 h (n =6),48 h (n =6),and 72 h groups (n =6).The CYD-high,-middle and-low groups were orally administered 24.48,12.24,and 6.12 g.kg-1.d-1 modified CYD,respectively,while the model group was given 20 mL/kg of body weight of distilled water once a day.The UDCA group was given 67.5 mg.kg-1.d-1 UDCA once a day.Radioimmunity assay was used to detect the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),alkaline phosphatase (ALP),gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and the levels of total bilirubin (TBil) and indirectbiliruin (DBil) in rats.Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR),Western blot analysis,and immunohistochemistry were used to detect multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) expression.In vitro,HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells were treated with CYD medicated serum at a concentration of 15 mol/L.MRP2 and retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRα) expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting.RESULTS:Serum levels of ALT,AST,GGT,ALP,TBil,and DBil were significantly reduced in the CYD and positive drug groups compared with the control group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01,respectively).Pathological changes in rat liver tissues at 72 h in the CYD-high and-medium dose groups and positive drug group were not significant compared with the control group.CYD and UDCA treatment ameliorated ANIT-induced biliary epithelial cell proliferation.Neutrophil infiltration was rare and little focal necrosis was observed in Iobules in the CYD-high and-medium dose groups and UDCA group at 72 h.Compared with the control group,the expression of MRP2 mRNA and MRP2 protein in the liver tissue of the CYD groups was significantly increased (P <0.05 and P < 0.01,respectively).MRP2 expression and RXRα nuclear receptor mRNA and protein levels in the CYD groups were significantly increased compared with the control and UDCA groups (P <0.01).CONCLUSION:CYD can alleviate cholestasis in ANIT-induced AIC rats,and the mechanism underlying this action might involve increases in ALT,AST,GGT,ALP,TBil,and DBil and upregulation of MRP2 and RXRα mRNA and protein levels.展开更多
文摘目的评价已发表的非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)中医/中西医结合诊疗指南/共识的方法学和报告质量,以期为今后代谢相关脂肪性肝病中医/中西医结合指南/共识的制定提供参考依据。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方和中国生物医学文献数据库,以及中华中医药学会和中国中西医结合学会的网站(自建库至2024年9月1日)。由两位临床研究人员分别使用指南的研究和评估工具第二版(AGREEⅡ)和国际实践指南报告规范(RIGHT)评价纳入NAFLD中医/中西医结合诊疗指南/共识的方法学质量及报告质量。结果通过文献筛选,最终纳入9篇指南/共识,其中指南4篇,专家共识5篇;采用AGREEⅡ评价9篇指南/共识不同领域得分依次为范围和目的(47.1%)、参与人员(41.0%)、严谨性(21.6%)、清晰性(40.2%)、应用性(19.1%)、独立性(19.6%)。文献推荐级别划分为:B级(修订后推荐)4篇,C级(不推荐)5篇。RIGHT评估显示,“基本信息”与“证据”报告率高,其他领域有待提升。目前,对于NAFLD的中医/中西医结合诊疗指南/共识,尚无国际标准且质量需加强以确保全面性和可信度。结论NAFLD中医/中西医结合诊疗指南/共识的质量仍有提升潜力,应严格遵循AGREEⅡ与RIGHT清单,以确保指南/共识的公正性、科学性与透明度。
文摘Objectives:To develop the List of Clinical Needs for New Chinese Materia Medica Development(Second Batch),aiming to identify and highlight specific diseases with pressing,unmet therapeutic needs.The objective is to guide pharmaceutical research and development(R&D)by establishing development priorities based on clinical gaps,epidemiological burden,and the shortcomings of existing treatments.Methods:The list was developed by the China Association of Chinese Medicine using a methodology grounded in evidence and expert consensus.Results:The list identifies 8 diseases with significant clinical gaps:Myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS),fibromyalgia(FM),atrophic gastritis and its precancerous lesions,adenomyosis(AM),diabetes related foot ulcers(DFU),granulomatous mastitis(GLM),diabetic kidney disease(DKD),and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).For each disease,the list provides a systematic analysis of epidemiological burden,limitations of current treatments,and specific clinical needs.It also proposes a strategic research framework focused on multi-target mechanisms,disease-modifying potential,and optimized combination therapies.Conclusions:The list provides a strategically structured framework to guide the development of new Chinese materia medica.It aligns traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)development with national public health priorities,emphasizes TCM's holistic and multi-target advantages,and promotes a patient-centered approach.By bridging clinical needs with TCM principles,the list aims to foster the creation of clinically valuable medicines to address chronic and complex diseases where current western medical approaches are insufficient.
文摘目的探讨健脾疏肝丸对非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)大鼠肝X受体(liver X receptorα,LXRα)-固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1(sterolregulatory element-binding protein-1,SREBP-1)-脂肪酸合成酶(fatty acid synthase,FAS)信号转导通路的影响。方法将32只无特定病原体(specific pathogen free,SPF)SD雄性大鼠按照随机数字表法分为正常组、模型组、健脾疏肝丸组和易善复组,每组8只。正常组进食普通饲料,其他组进食高脂饲料,健脾疏肝丸组给予4.86 g/(kg·d)灌胃,易善复组给予0.123 g/(kg·d)灌胃,正常组和模型组给予等量蒸馏水灌胃。灌胃与造模同时进行,共8周。检测大鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、高密度脂蛋白(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、甘油三酯(triglycerides,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor alpha,TNF-α)及白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)水平。对大鼠肝组织切片进行HE染色和油红O染色,于光学显微镜下观察。采用免疫组织化学法、蛋白质免疫印迹法及实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(real time polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)检测大鼠LXRα、SREBP-1及FAS的表达水平。结果 (1)正常组、模型组、健脾疏肝丸组和易善复组大鼠ALT[(3.40±0.81)U/L vs(9.98±2.27)U/L vs(7.80±1.52)U/L vs(6.43±1.89)U/L]、AST [(10.61±1.17)U/L vs(23.63±4.82)U/L vs(18.04±2.98)U/L vs(16.42±3.30)U/L]、TNF-α[(2.40±0.96)×10-3μg/L vs(6.64±0.92)×10-3μg/L vs(4.87±1.35)×10-3μg/L vs(4.45±1.39)×10-3μg/L]、IL-6 [(0.95±0.81)pg/ml vs(7.88±3.08)pg/ml vs(3.17±1.26)pg/ml vs(1.64±0.55)pg/ml]、TG [(0.33±0.13)mmol/L vs(0.90±0.24)mmol/L vs(0.62±0.37)mmol/L vs 0.62(0.46,0.66)mmol/L]、TC [(2.10±0.42)mmol/L vs 5.34(5.17,6.12)mmol/Lvs(3.68±0.63)mmol/Lvs(3.41±0.81)mmol/L]、HDL-C [(1.07±0.17)mmol/Lvs(0.62±0.14)mmol/Lvs(0.78±0.13)mmol/Lvs(0.79±0.12)mmol/L]及LDL-C[0.38(0.26,0.41)mmol/L vs(0.69±0.11)mmol/L vs(0.41±0.13)mmol/L vs(0.43±0.10)mmol/L]水平差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。与正常组相比,模型组AST、ALT、LDL-C、TG、TC、IL-6及TNF-α显著升高,HDL-C显著降低(P <0.05);与模型组相比,健脾疏肝丸组和易善复组AST、ALT、LDL-C、TG、TC、IL-6、TNF-α显著降低,HDL-C显著升高(P<0.05);与健脾疏肝丸组相比,易善复组大鼠血清TC显著降低(P <0.05),其他各指标差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。(2)肝组织HE染色和油红O染色示:与正常组相比,模型组大鼠肝脏脂肪变严重;与模型组相比,健脾疏肝丸组大鼠肝脏脂肪变减轻。(3)免疫组织化学结果表明,正常组、模型组、健脾疏肝丸组和易善复组大鼠LXRα(345872±52737 vs 544998±55506 vs 436319±65076 vs 448588±104641)、SREBP-1(259408±71143 vs 538701±62336vs 399705±102395 vs 394167±158047)和FAS(201683±48205 vs 466884±74934 vs 425589±63672 vs417852±84373)相对表达水平差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。与正常组相比,模型组各蛋白相对表达水平均显著升高(P <0.05);与模型组相比,健脾疏肝丸组与易善复组各蛋白相对表达水平显著下降(P <0.05);健脾疏肝丸组与易善复组各蛋白相对表达水平差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。(4)Western blot结果表明,正常组、模型组、健脾疏肝丸组和易善复组大鼠LXRα[0.80±0.29 vs 1.57(1.30,1.67) vs 1.09±0.30 vs 1.10±0.36]、SREBP-1(0.42±0.12 vs 1.15±0.45 vs 0.86±0.20 vs 0.84±0.20)和FAS(0.43±0.12 vs 1.10±0.40 vs 0.81±0.26 vs 0.80±0.28)相对表达水平差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。与正常组对比,模型组小鼠各蛋白相对表达水平显著升高(P <0.05);与模型组对比,健脾疏肝丸组及易善复组小鼠LXRα蛋白相对表达水平显著降低(P <0.05),健脾疏肝丸组与易善复组相比,各蛋白相对表达水平差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。(5)正常组、模型组、健脾疏肝丸组和易善复组大鼠肝组织LXRα[1.13±0.38 vs 4.14(4.01,4.35) vs 2.65±1.85 vs 1.35(0.54,4.23)]、SREBP-1、FAS[1.37±0.49 vs 4.35±1.97 vs 1.98(1.88,3.22)m RNA相对表达量差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。与正常组相比,模型组LXRα[1.46±0.51 vs 6.13±1.17 vs 3.82±2.06 vs 1.56(1.19,4.74)]、SREBP-1、FAS vs1.83(1.64,4.29)] m RNA相对表达量显著升高(P <0.05);与模型组对比,健脾疏肝丸组及易善复组LXRα、SREBP-1、FAS m RNA表达均显著降低(P <0.05),健脾疏肝丸组与易善复组相比,LXRα、SREBP-1、FAS m RNA表达差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论健脾疏肝丸对大鼠NAFLD的改善作用可能与其抑制LXRα-SREBP-1-FAS信号转导通路有关。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China:Research on the mechanism of clearing away damp and heat and cooling and activating blood method based on the transcriptional regulation signaling pathway of hepatic membrane transport protein for the treatment of acute intrahepatic cholestasis(No.81573897)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the therapeutic mechanism of compound Yindan decoction (CYD) in a rat model of acute intrahepatic cholestatic (AIC).METHODS:A total of 108 adult male rats were randomly divided into control (n =18) and AIC groups (n =90).AIC was induced in rats using alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)(75 mg/kg,10 mL/kg in corn oil,p.o.).Then,90 AIC rats were randomly divided into five groups:a control group (n =18),a CYD high dose group (n =18),a CYD middle dose group (n =18),a CYD low dose group (n =18),and a ursodeoxycholicacid (UDCA) group (n =18).According to sampling time,each group was subdivided into three subgroups:24 h (n =6),48 h (n =6),and 72 h groups (n =6).The CYD-high,-middle and-low groups were orally administered 24.48,12.24,and 6.12 g.kg-1.d-1 modified CYD,respectively,while the model group was given 20 mL/kg of body weight of distilled water once a day.The UDCA group was given 67.5 mg.kg-1.d-1 UDCA once a day.Radioimmunity assay was used to detect the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),alkaline phosphatase (ALP),gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and the levels of total bilirubin (TBil) and indirectbiliruin (DBil) in rats.Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR),Western blot analysis,and immunohistochemistry were used to detect multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) expression.In vitro,HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells were treated with CYD medicated serum at a concentration of 15 mol/L.MRP2 and retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRα) expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting.RESULTS:Serum levels of ALT,AST,GGT,ALP,TBil,and DBil were significantly reduced in the CYD and positive drug groups compared with the control group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01,respectively).Pathological changes in rat liver tissues at 72 h in the CYD-high and-medium dose groups and positive drug group were not significant compared with the control group.CYD and UDCA treatment ameliorated ANIT-induced biliary epithelial cell proliferation.Neutrophil infiltration was rare and little focal necrosis was observed in Iobules in the CYD-high and-medium dose groups and UDCA group at 72 h.Compared with the control group,the expression of MRP2 mRNA and MRP2 protein in the liver tissue of the CYD groups was significantly increased (P <0.05 and P < 0.01,respectively).MRP2 expression and RXRα nuclear receptor mRNA and protein levels in the CYD groups were significantly increased compared with the control and UDCA groups (P <0.01).CONCLUSION:CYD can alleviate cholestasis in ANIT-induced AIC rats,and the mechanism underlying this action might involve increases in ALT,AST,GGT,ALP,TBil,and DBil and upregulation of MRP2 and RXRα mRNA and protein levels.
