目的:探究基于老年综合评估(comprehensive geriatric assessment,CGA)的干预措施对卒中后抑郁(post-stroke depression,PSD)患者的临床效果。方法:收集PSD患者197例并随机分为对照组和观察组;对照组进行卒中后常规治疗并口服氟西汀分散...目的:探究基于老年综合评估(comprehensive geriatric assessment,CGA)的干预措施对卒中后抑郁(post-stroke depression,PSD)患者的临床效果。方法:收集PSD患者197例并随机分为对照组和观察组;对照组进行卒中后常规治疗并口服氟西汀分散片(20 mg/d),观察组在此基础上进行基于CGA的针对性干预治疗;两组患者干预前和干预后8周分别进行美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(national institute of health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分、CGA评估、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale-24 items,HAMD-24)和9项患者健康问卷(patient health questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)评分;探究基于CGA的干预措施对PSD的治疗效果;统计患者并发症评分并进行分析。结果:干预前后,对照组和观察组的NIHSS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组CGA干预措施有效,患者CGA部分项目改善,优于干预前和对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);干预后,观察组HAMD-24和PHD-9评分较干预前和对照组显著降低,且并发症评分均较对照组显著降低(P均<0.05)。结论:CGA的针对性干预措施对PSD患者可以提高生活质量,改善抑郁症病情,也可以降低抗抑郁药并发症的发生。展开更多
A large portion of the Loess Plateau of China is characterized as “marginal” with serious land degradation and desertification problems. Consequently, two policies, Grain for Green and Western Development Action wer...A large portion of the Loess Plateau of China is characterized as “marginal” with serious land degradation and desertification problems. Consequently, two policies, Grain for Green and Western Development Action were established by the Chinese government in response to the demand for ecological protection and economic development in the Loess Plateau. These policies are designed to increase forest cover, expand farmlands, and enhance soil and water conservation, while creating sustainable vegetation restoration. Perennial grasses have gained attention as bioenergy feedstocks due to their high biomass yields, low inputs, and greater ecosystem services compared to annual crops. Moreover, perennial grasses limit nutrient runoff and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and soil losses while sequestering carbon. Additionally, perennial grasses can generate economic returns for local farmers through producing bioenergy feedstock or forage on marginal lands. Here, we suggest a United States model energy crop, switchgrass（Panicum virgatum L.） as a model crop to minimize land degradation and desertification and to generate biomass for energy on the Loess Plateau.展开更多
Two pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of root pruning at the stem elongation stage on non-hydraulic root-sourced signals （nHRS）, drought tolerance and water use efficiency of winter wheat （Triticu...Two pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of root pruning at the stem elongation stage on non-hydraulic root-sourced signals （nHRS）, drought tolerance and water use efficiency of winter wheat （Triticum aestivum）. The root pruning significantly reduced the root weight of wheat, but had no effect on root/shoot ratio at the two tested stages. At booting stage, specific root respiration of root pruned plants was significantly higher than those with intact roots （1.06 and 0.94 mmol g-1 s-1, respectively）. The soil water content （SWC） at which nHRS for root pruned plants appeared was higher and terminated lower than for intact root plants, the threshold range of nHRS was markedly greater for root pruned plants （61.1-44.6% field water capacity） than for intact root plants （57.9-46.1% field water capacity）. At flowering stage, while there was no significant difference in specific root respiration. The SWCs at which nHRS appeared and terminated were both higher for root pruned plants than for intact root plants. The values of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, i.e., the effective photosystem II quantum yield （F PS II ）, the maximum photochemical efficiency of PS II （F v /F m ）, coefficient of photochemical quenching （qP）, and coefficient of non-photochemical quenching （NPQ）, in root pruned plants were significantly higher than in intact root plants, 7 d after withholding of water. Root pruned plants had significantly higher water use efficiency （WUE） than intact root plants in well-watered and medium drought soil, but not in severe drought condition. In addition, root pruning had no significant effect on grain yield in well-watered and medium drought soil, but significantly decreased grain yield in severe drought condition. In conclusion, the current study showed that root pruning significantly altered nHRS sensitivity and improved WUE of winter wheat in well-watered and medium drought soil, but lowered drought tolerance of winter wheat in severe drought soil. This suggests a possible direction of drought- resistance breeding and potential agricultural measure to improve WUE of winter wheat under semiarid conditions.展开更多
To reveal photosynthetic characteristics and biomass yield is important for evaluating introduced species adaptation to local environments. A field experiment was conducted over three consecutive years（2011–2013） t...To reveal photosynthetic characteristics and biomass yield is important for evaluating introduced species adaptation to local environments. A field experiment was conducted over three consecutive years（2011–2013） to evaluate photosynthetic characteristics, soil water content, aboveground biomass accumulation, and water use efficiency（WUE） in switchgrass（Panicum virgatum L.） populations exposed to three row spacing（20, 40 and 60 cm） treatments in two growth months（June and August） on the semiarid Loess Plateau of China. Results indicated that net photosynthetic rate（Pn）, transpiration rate（Tr）, instantaneous water use efficiency（WUEi） and plant height of switchgrass showed an increased trend, but aboveground biomass production and WUE showed an decreased trend with enlarged row spacings over the three years. The maximum daily mean Pn values（17.9, 18.4 and 19.7 μmol CO2 m^（-2） s^（-1）） were observed in 2011, and the highest aboveground biomass production（67 771.8, 6 976.8 and 6 609.2 kg ha^（-1）） were recorded in 2012 for 20, 40 and 60 cm, respectively. A close correlation between tiller numbers and aboveground biomass production（r=0.907） was observed. Pn was positively and significantly correlated with biomass per tiller, but it showed a negative correlation with aboveground biomass production. Our results confirm that wide row spacing is beneficial for single plant development, while narrow row spacing favors biomass production and water use of switchgrass in the region. It also implies that single leaf growth and performance could explain the switchgrass community density differences, while fails to account for the aboveground biomass production.展开更多
文摘目的:探究基于老年综合评估(comprehensive geriatric assessment,CGA)的干预措施对卒中后抑郁(post-stroke depression,PSD)患者的临床效果。方法:收集PSD患者197例并随机分为对照组和观察组;对照组进行卒中后常规治疗并口服氟西汀分散片(20 mg/d),观察组在此基础上进行基于CGA的针对性干预治疗;两组患者干预前和干预后8周分别进行美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(national institute of health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分、CGA评估、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale-24 items,HAMD-24)和9项患者健康问卷(patient health questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)评分;探究基于CGA的干预措施对PSD的治疗效果;统计患者并发症评分并进行分析。结果:干预前后,对照组和观察组的NIHSS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组CGA干预措施有效,患者CGA部分项目改善,优于干预前和对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);干预后,观察组HAMD-24和PHD-9评分较干预前和对照组显著降低,且并发症评分均较对照组显著降低(P均<0.05)。结论:CGA的针对性干预措施对PSD患者可以提高生活质量,改善抑郁症病情,也可以降低抗抑郁药并发症的发生。
基金supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch Project (1001878)
文摘A large portion of the Loess Plateau of China is characterized as “marginal” with serious land degradation and desertification problems. Consequently, two policies, Grain for Green and Western Development Action were established by the Chinese government in response to the demand for ecological protection and economic development in the Loess Plateau. These policies are designed to increase forest cover, expand farmlands, and enhance soil and water conservation, while creating sustainable vegetation restoration. Perennial grasses have gained attention as bioenergy feedstocks due to their high biomass yields, low inputs, and greater ecosystem services compared to annual crops. Moreover, perennial grasses limit nutrient runoff and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and soil losses while sequestering carbon. Additionally, perennial grasses can generate economic returns for local farmers through producing bioenergy feedstock or forage on marginal lands. Here, we suggest a United States model energy crop, switchgrass（Panicum virgatum L.） as a model crop to minimize land degradation and desertification and to generate biomass for energy on the Loess Plateau.
基金supported by the Fund of State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,China(10501-1201)the Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan period(2012BAD14B08)the Innovation Team Program,Ministry of Education of China
文摘Two pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of root pruning at the stem elongation stage on non-hydraulic root-sourced signals （nHRS）, drought tolerance and water use efficiency of winter wheat （Triticum aestivum）. The root pruning significantly reduced the root weight of wheat, but had no effect on root/shoot ratio at the two tested stages. At booting stage, specific root respiration of root pruned plants was significantly higher than those with intact roots （1.06 and 0.94 mmol g-1 s-1, respectively）. The soil water content （SWC） at which nHRS for root pruned plants appeared was higher and terminated lower than for intact root plants, the threshold range of nHRS was markedly greater for root pruned plants （61.1-44.6% field water capacity） than for intact root plants （57.9-46.1% field water capacity）. At flowering stage, while there was no significant difference in specific root respiration. The SWCs at which nHRS appeared and terminated were both higher for root pruned plants than for intact root plants. The values of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, i.e., the effective photosystem II quantum yield （F PS II ）, the maximum photochemical efficiency of PS II （F v /F m ）, coefficient of photochemical quenching （qP）, and coefficient of non-photochemical quenching （NPQ）, in root pruned plants were significantly higher than in intact root plants, 7 d after withholding of water. Root pruned plants had significantly higher water use efficiency （WUE） than intact root plants in well-watered and medium drought soil, but not in severe drought condition. In addition, root pruning had no significant effect on grain yield in well-watered and medium drought soil, but significantly decreased grain yield in severe drought condition. In conclusion, the current study showed that root pruning significantly altered nHRS sensitivity and improved WUE of winter wheat in well-watered and medium drought soil, but lowered drought tolerance of winter wheat in severe drought soil. This suggests a possible direction of drought- resistance breeding and potential agricultural measure to improve WUE of winter wheat under semiarid conditions.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41371509)the Programs for New Century Excellent Talents in University, China (NCET-11-0444)
文摘To reveal photosynthetic characteristics and biomass yield is important for evaluating introduced species adaptation to local environments. A field experiment was conducted over three consecutive years（2011–2013） to evaluate photosynthetic characteristics, soil water content, aboveground biomass accumulation, and water use efficiency（WUE） in switchgrass（Panicum virgatum L.） populations exposed to three row spacing（20, 40 and 60 cm） treatments in two growth months（June and August） on the semiarid Loess Plateau of China. Results indicated that net photosynthetic rate（Pn）, transpiration rate（Tr）, instantaneous water use efficiency（WUEi） and plant height of switchgrass showed an increased trend, but aboveground biomass production and WUE showed an decreased trend with enlarged row spacings over the three years. The maximum daily mean Pn values（17.9, 18.4 and 19.7 μmol CO2 m^（-2） s^（-1）） were observed in 2011, and the highest aboveground biomass production（67 771.8, 6 976.8 and 6 609.2 kg ha^（-1）） were recorded in 2012 for 20, 40 and 60 cm, respectively. A close correlation between tiller numbers and aboveground biomass production（r=0.907） was observed. Pn was positively and significantly correlated with biomass per tiller, but it showed a negative correlation with aboveground biomass production. Our results confirm that wide row spacing is beneficial for single plant development, while narrow row spacing favors biomass production and water use of switchgrass in the region. It also implies that single leaf growth and performance could explain the switchgrass community density differences, while fails to account for the aboveground biomass production.
