Quercetin is a natural compound with potent antiviral effects;however,its role in the treatment of herpes simplex keratitis(HSK)remains underexplored.Here,we investigated the antiviral effects of quercetin against her...Quercetin is a natural compound with potent antiviral effects;however,its role in the treatment of herpes simplex keratitis(HSK)remains underexplored.Here,we investigated the antiviral effects of quercetin against herpes simplex virus 1(HSV-1).By examining different phases of viral infection in human corneal epithelial cells(HCECs),we found that 30μmol/L quercetin inhibits HSV-1 replication primarily by disrupting viral attachment.RNA-sequencing and subsequent analyses revealed that the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)was upregulated by quercetin in a dose-dependent manner.Knocking down Nrf2 partially compromised quercetin's antiviral effect.Importantly,topical application of 100μmol/L quercetin alleviated HSK severity in mice,reduced viral titers in tears,and inhibited VP16 expression in the cornea and trigeminal ganglia.These findings demonstrate the antiviral effect of quercetin against HSV-1 and provide a foundation for mechanistic studies to elucidate its therapeutic potential in HSK.展开更多
SSD(Single Shot Multibox Detector) is one of the best object detection algorithms with both high accuracy and fast speed, but fails to detect very small size object which lacks enough resolution and enough feature inf...SSD(Single Shot Multibox Detector) is one of the best object detection algorithms with both high accuracy and fast speed, but fails to detect very small size object which lacks enough resolution and enough feature information. In order to solve this problem, the majority of existing methods improve accuracy at the cost of a heavy loss of speed. In this paper, we propose SFE-SSD(Shallow Feature Enhancement SSD) to improve performance of SSD model on small object detection based on a novel and lightweight way of feature enhancement module. Firstly,we apply deconvolution on the shallowest feature map in SSD’s feature pyramid to enlarge the feature map size and recover more feature details. Then, we introduce semantic information to the enlarged feature map by multi-scale feature fusion. In addition, SFE-SSD is designed to a parallel network structure, which could reduce loss of speed in some degree. Experimental results show that our approach achieved 78.4%m AP and is higher than baseline SSD by 1.2%on PASCAL VOC2007, especially with significant improvement on small object detection. The testing speed of SFE-SSD is 81 FPS at the cost of a little loss of speed.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to investigate whether a near-infrared fluorescence(NIRF)probe,Cy5.5-d-glucosamine(Cy5.5-2DG),can image arthritis in collagen-induced arthritic(CIA)mice.The presence of arthritis was verif...The purpose of this study is to investigate whether a near-infrared fluorescence(NIRF)probe,Cy5.5-d-glucosamine(Cy5.5-2DG),can image arthritis in collagen-induced arthritic(CIA)mice.The presence of arthritis was verified by both visual examination and micro-computed tomography(MicroCT)imaging.CIA mice were imaged by a micro-positron emission tomography(MicroPET)scanner one hour after intravenous injection of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose([18F]FDG).After radioactivity of[18F]FDG decayed away,Cy5.5-2DG was injected into a lateral tail vein of the mice.Arthritic tissue targeting and retention of Cy5.5-2DG in CIA mice were evaluated and quantified by an optical imaging system.Inflammatory tissue in CIA mice was clearly visualized by[18F]FDG-MicroPET scan.NIRF imaging of Cy5.5-2DG in the same mice revealed that the pattern of localization of Cy5.5-2DG in the arthritic tissue was very similar to that of[18F]FDG.Quantification analysis further showed that[18F]FDG uptake in arthritic tissues at one hour post-injection(p.i.)and Cy5.5-2DG uptakes at different time points p.i.were all well correlated(r2 over 0.65).In conclusion,Cy5.5-DG can detect arthritic tissues in living mice.The good correlation between the[18F]FDG uptake and Cy5.5-2DG accumulation in the same arthritic tissue warrants further investigation of Cy5.5-2DG as an approach for assessment of anti-inflammatory treatments.展开更多
Image editing is a hot research topic in the image processing region, and one of the most basic problems in this field is the color transfer. It modifies the color style of the target image to match the color palette ...Image editing is a hot research topic in the image processing region, and one of the most basic problems in this field is the color transfer. It modifies the color style of the target image to match the color palette of the source while preserving the content of the target.Although there exist many algorithms to deal with this problem, none of existing methods can handle all kinds of images, especially complex landscape images. In this paper, we propose a Mass Transport based color transfer method in the CIELab color space, which can generate natural transfer results for different kinds of images including landscapes. Different from previous methods using the same transfer model for all the channels, we adopt different models for the luminance channel and color channels. For the luminance channel, a global transfer method is adopted for keeping the consistence in the visual perception. For the color channels,we construct a model based on histogram and Mass Transport, which perfectly transfers the colors of all the pixels from the source to the target and simultaneously preserves the content.What is more, experiments on real images demonstrate that our approach performs favorably against most of the existing methods.展开更多
Vaccination is a major achievement that has become an effective prevention strategy against infectious diseases and active control of emerging pathogens worldwide.In response to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)p...Vaccination is a major achievement that has become an effective prevention strategy against infectious diseases and active control of emerging pathogens worldwide.In response to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,several diverse vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have been developed and deployed for use in a large number of individuals,and have been reported to protect against symptomatic COVID-19 cases and deaths.However,the application of vaccines has a series of limitations,including protective failure for variants of concern,unavailability of individuals due to immune deficiency,and the disappearance of immune protection for increasing infections in vaccinated individuals.These aspects raise the question of how to modulate the immune system that contributes to the COVID-19 vaccine protective effects.Herbal medicines are widely used for their immune regulatory abilities in clinics.More attractively,herbal medicines have been well accepted for their positive role in the COVID-19 prevention and suppression through regulation of the immune system.This review presents a brief overview of the strategy of COVID-19 vaccination and the response of the immune system to vaccines,the regulatory effects and mechanisms of herbal medicine in immune-related macrophages,natural killer cells,dendritic cells,and lymphocytes T and B cells,and how they help vaccines work.Later in the article,the potential role and application of herbal medicines in the most recent COVID-19 vaccination are discussed.This article provides new insights into herbal medicines as promising alternative supplements that may benefit from COVID-19 vaccination.展开更多
In this paper, we propose least-squares images(LS-images) as a basis for a novel edgepreserving image smoothing method. The LS-image requires the value of each pixel to be a convex linear combination of its neighbors,...In this paper, we propose least-squares images(LS-images) as a basis for a novel edgepreserving image smoothing method. The LS-image requires the value of each pixel to be a convex linear combination of its neighbors, i.e., to have zero Laplacian, and to approximate the original image in a least-squares sense. The edge-preserving property inherits from the edge-aware weights for constructing the linear combination. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves high quality results compared to previous state-of-theart works. We also show diverse applications of LSimages, such as detail manipulation, edge enhancement,and clip-art JPEG artifact removal.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81970848).
文摘Quercetin is a natural compound with potent antiviral effects;however,its role in the treatment of herpes simplex keratitis(HSK)remains underexplored.Here,we investigated the antiviral effects of quercetin against herpes simplex virus 1(HSV-1).By examining different phases of viral infection in human corneal epithelial cells(HCECs),we found that 30μmol/L quercetin inhibits HSV-1 replication primarily by disrupting viral attachment.RNA-sequencing and subsequent analyses revealed that the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)was upregulated by quercetin in a dose-dependent manner.Knocking down Nrf2 partially compromised quercetin's antiviral effect.Importantly,topical application of 100μmol/L quercetin alleviated HSK severity in mice,reduced viral titers in tears,and inhibited VP16 expression in the cornea and trigeminal ganglia.These findings demonstrate the antiviral effect of quercetin against HSV-1 and provide a foundation for mechanistic studies to elucidate its therapeutic potential in HSK.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.07002157 U1811463)
文摘SSD(Single Shot Multibox Detector) is one of the best object detection algorithms with both high accuracy and fast speed, but fails to detect very small size object which lacks enough resolution and enough feature information. In order to solve this problem, the majority of existing methods improve accuracy at the cost of a heavy loss of speed. In this paper, we propose SFE-SSD(Shallow Feature Enhancement SSD) to improve performance of SSD model on small object detection based on a novel and lightweight way of feature enhancement module. Firstly,we apply deconvolution on the shallowest feature map in SSD’s feature pyramid to enlarge the feature map size and recover more feature details. Then, we introduce semantic information to the enlarged feature map by multi-scale feature fusion. In addition, SFE-SSD is designed to a parallel network structure, which could reduce loss of speed in some degree. Experimental results show that our approach achieved 78.4%m AP and is higher than baseline SSD by 1.2%on PASCAL VOC2007, especially with significant improvement on small object detection. The testing speed of SFE-SSD is 81 FPS at the cost of a little loss of speed.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.90508003)National Cancer Institute(NCI)Small Animal Imaging Resource Program(SAIRP)Grant R24 CA93862NCI In Vivo Cellular Molecular Imaging Center(ICMIC)Grant P50 CA114747(SSG).
文摘The purpose of this study is to investigate whether a near-infrared fluorescence(NIRF)probe,Cy5.5-d-glucosamine(Cy5.5-2DG),can image arthritis in collagen-induced arthritic(CIA)mice.The presence of arthritis was verified by both visual examination and micro-computed tomography(MicroCT)imaging.CIA mice were imaged by a micro-positron emission tomography(MicroPET)scanner one hour after intravenous injection of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose([18F]FDG).After radioactivity of[18F]FDG decayed away,Cy5.5-2DG was injected into a lateral tail vein of the mice.Arthritic tissue targeting and retention of Cy5.5-2DG in CIA mice were evaluated and quantified by an optical imaging system.Inflammatory tissue in CIA mice was clearly visualized by[18F]FDG-MicroPET scan.NIRF imaging of Cy5.5-2DG in the same mice revealed that the pattern of localization of Cy5.5-2DG in the arthritic tissue was very similar to that of[18F]FDG.Quantification analysis further showed that[18F]FDG uptake in arthritic tissues at one hour post-injection(p.i.)and Cy5.5-2DG uptakes at different time points p.i.were all well correlated(r2 over 0.65).In conclusion,Cy5.5-DG can detect arthritic tissues in living mice.The good correlation between the[18F]FDG uptake and Cy5.5-2DG accumulation in the same arthritic tissue warrants further investigation of Cy5.5-2DG as an approach for assessment of anti-inflammatory treatments.
文摘Image editing is a hot research topic in the image processing region, and one of the most basic problems in this field is the color transfer. It modifies the color style of the target image to match the color palette of the source while preserving the content of the target.Although there exist many algorithms to deal with this problem, none of existing methods can handle all kinds of images, especially complex landscape images. In this paper, we propose a Mass Transport based color transfer method in the CIELab color space, which can generate natural transfer results for different kinds of images including landscapes. Different from previous methods using the same transfer model for all the channels, we adopt different models for the luminance channel and color channels. For the luminance channel, a global transfer method is adopted for keeping the consistence in the visual perception. For the color channels,we construct a model based on histogram and Mass Transport, which perfectly transfers the colors of all the pixels from the source to the target and simultaneously preserves the content.What is more, experiments on real images demonstrate that our approach performs favorably against most of the existing methods.
基金This work was supported by the Science and Technology Project of Tianjin(22ZXGBSY00020,22ZYJDSS00080 and 21ZYJFJC0070)National Key Research and Development Project of China(No.2021YFC1712904).
文摘Vaccination is a major achievement that has become an effective prevention strategy against infectious diseases and active control of emerging pathogens worldwide.In response to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,several diverse vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have been developed and deployed for use in a large number of individuals,and have been reported to protect against symptomatic COVID-19 cases and deaths.However,the application of vaccines has a series of limitations,including protective failure for variants of concern,unavailability of individuals due to immune deficiency,and the disappearance of immune protection for increasing infections in vaccinated individuals.These aspects raise the question of how to modulate the immune system that contributes to the COVID-19 vaccine protective effects.Herbal medicines are widely used for their immune regulatory abilities in clinics.More attractively,herbal medicines have been well accepted for their positive role in the COVID-19 prevention and suppression through regulation of the immune system.This review presents a brief overview of the strategy of COVID-19 vaccination and the response of the immune system to vaccines,the regulatory effects and mechanisms of herbal medicine in immune-related macrophages,natural killer cells,dendritic cells,and lymphocytes T and B cells,and how they help vaccines work.Later in the article,the potential role and application of herbal medicines in the most recent COVID-19 vaccination are discussed.This article provides new insights into herbal medicines as promising alternative supplements that may benefit from COVID-19 vaccination.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61402300, 61373160, 61363048, 61173102, 61370143, and 61202261)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No. F2014210127)+2 种基金the Funded Projects for Introduction of Overseas Scholars of Hebei ProvinceFunds for Excellent Young Scholar of Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityScientific and Technological Development Plan of Jilin Province (No. 20130522113JH)
文摘In this paper, we propose least-squares images(LS-images) as a basis for a novel edgepreserving image smoothing method. The LS-image requires the value of each pixel to be a convex linear combination of its neighbors, i.e., to have zero Laplacian, and to approximate the original image in a least-squares sense. The edge-preserving property inherits from the edge-aware weights for constructing the linear combination. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves high quality results compared to previous state-of-theart works. We also show diverse applications of LSimages, such as detail manipulation, edge enhancement,and clip-art JPEG artifact removal.
