目的探讨儿童期非外伤性继发性青光眼(secondary glaucoma associated with non-traumatic diseases,SCG-NT)的发病特征及治疗方式。方法回顾性分析2018—2021年在南昌大学第二附属医院住院的16岁以下继发性青光眼患儿的病例资料。参考...目的探讨儿童期非外伤性继发性青光眼(secondary glaucoma associated with non-traumatic diseases,SCG-NT)的发病特征及治疗方式。方法回顾性分析2018—2021年在南昌大学第二附属医院住院的16岁以下继发性青光眼患儿的病例资料。参考儿童期青光眼网络分类(childhood glaucoma research network classification,CGRN)标准及临床实际,将患儿分为SCG-NT和外伤性继发性青光眼(secondary glaucoma associated with traumatic diseases,SCG-T)2大类。分析患儿性别、发病年龄、累及眼别等一般资料以及SCG-NT患儿的就诊原因、原发病病种、治疗方式等情况。结果纳入儿童期SCG-NT患儿67例70只眼。男性38例,女性29例,平均发病年龄(7.0±4.3)岁,累及单眼64例,累及双眼3例。常见就诊原因是“眼睛红肿”(24例,35.8%)、“发现眼球异常反光”(15例,22.4%)、“视力下降”(13例,19.4%)等。以眼部先天性异常(18例,26.9%)、内眼手术术后(12例,17.9%)、葡萄膜炎(12例,17.9%)等为主要原发病病种。39只眼采取手术治疗,16只眼使用药物治疗,15只眼放弃治疗。结论儿童期SCG-NT患儿发病年龄较小,起病症状不典型。其原发病病种复杂繁多,以眼部先天性异常为最常见。手术是该疾病的主要治疗方式。原发病特点及病程早晚是治疗方式选择及预后的重要因素。展开更多
Despite the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle inherits the performance advantages from both series and parallel hybrid electric vehicle,few researches about the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle have been ...Despite the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle inherits the performance advantages from both series and parallel hybrid electric vehicle,few researches about the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle have been revealed because of its complex co nstruction and control strategy.In this paper,a series-parallel hybrid electric bus as well as its control strategy is revealed,and a control parameter optimization approach using the real-valued genetic algorithm is proposed.The optimization objective is to minimize the fuel consumption while sustain the battery state of charge,a tangent penalty function of state of charge(SOC)is embodied in the objective function to recast this multi-objective nonlinear optimization problem as a single linear optimization problem.For this strategy,the vehicle operating mode is switched based on the vehicle speed,and an"optimal line"typed strategy is designed for the parallel control.The optimization parameters include the speed threshold for mode switching,the highest state of charge allowed,the lowest state of charge allowed and the scale factor of the engine optimal torque to the engine maximum torque at a rotational speed.They are optimized through numerical experiments based on real-value genes,arithmetic crossover and mutation operators.The hybrid bus has been evaluated at the Chinese Transit Bus City Driving Cycle via road test,in which a control area network-based monitor system was used to trace the driving schedule.The test result shows that this approach is feasible for the control parameter optimization.This approach can be applied to not only the novel construction presented in this paper,but also other types of hybrid electric vehicles.展开更多
文摘目的探讨儿童期非外伤性继发性青光眼(secondary glaucoma associated with non-traumatic diseases,SCG-NT)的发病特征及治疗方式。方法回顾性分析2018—2021年在南昌大学第二附属医院住院的16岁以下继发性青光眼患儿的病例资料。参考儿童期青光眼网络分类(childhood glaucoma research network classification,CGRN)标准及临床实际,将患儿分为SCG-NT和外伤性继发性青光眼(secondary glaucoma associated with traumatic diseases,SCG-T)2大类。分析患儿性别、发病年龄、累及眼别等一般资料以及SCG-NT患儿的就诊原因、原发病病种、治疗方式等情况。结果纳入儿童期SCG-NT患儿67例70只眼。男性38例,女性29例,平均发病年龄(7.0±4.3)岁,累及单眼64例,累及双眼3例。常见就诊原因是“眼睛红肿”(24例,35.8%)、“发现眼球异常反光”(15例,22.4%)、“视力下降”(13例,19.4%)等。以眼部先天性异常(18例,26.9%)、内眼手术术后(12例,17.9%)、葡萄膜炎(12例,17.9%)等为主要原发病病种。39只眼采取手术治疗,16只眼使用药物治疗,15只眼放弃治疗。结论儿童期SCG-NT患儿发病年龄较小,起病症状不典型。其原发病病种复杂繁多,以眼部先天性异常为最常见。手术是该疾病的主要治疗方式。原发病特点及病程早晚是治疗方式选择及预后的重要因素。
基金supported by National Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China(863 Program,Grant No.2006AA11A127)
文摘Despite the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle inherits the performance advantages from both series and parallel hybrid electric vehicle,few researches about the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle have been revealed because of its complex co nstruction and control strategy.In this paper,a series-parallel hybrid electric bus as well as its control strategy is revealed,and a control parameter optimization approach using the real-valued genetic algorithm is proposed.The optimization objective is to minimize the fuel consumption while sustain the battery state of charge,a tangent penalty function of state of charge(SOC)is embodied in the objective function to recast this multi-objective nonlinear optimization problem as a single linear optimization problem.For this strategy,the vehicle operating mode is switched based on the vehicle speed,and an"optimal line"typed strategy is designed for the parallel control.The optimization parameters include the speed threshold for mode switching,the highest state of charge allowed,the lowest state of charge allowed and the scale factor of the engine optimal torque to the engine maximum torque at a rotational speed.They are optimized through numerical experiments based on real-value genes,arithmetic crossover and mutation operators.The hybrid bus has been evaluated at the Chinese Transit Bus City Driving Cycle via road test,in which a control area network-based monitor system was used to trace the driving schedule.The test result shows that this approach is feasible for the control parameter optimization.This approach can be applied to not only the novel construction presented in this paper,but also other types of hybrid electric vehicles.
