The intestinal microbiota has a symbiotic relationship with humans. It participates in some important physiological activities in the human body and has an important impact on human health. It has become a hot topic o...The intestinal microbiota has a symbiotic relationship with humans. It participates in some important physiological activities in the human body and has an important impact on human health. It has become a hot topic of research by scientists in recent years. Among them, the research on the correlation </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">between intestinal microbiota and cancer has increased rapidly. At present, the incidence rate of breast cancer is increasing, which seriously endangers the health of women. More and more studies have found that the occurrence of breast cancer is related to intestinal microbiota, and its possible mechanism inc</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ludes intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, estrogen metabolism changes, immun</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e regulation, and the participation of intestinal microbiota metabolites, etc. With the further development of high-throughput sequencing technology, th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e research on the correlation between intestinal microbiota and breast cancer</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> has become more in-depth, from a structural level confined to microorganisms to a more comprehensive system structure and function level. These research results provide a new research direction for the treatment of breast cancer. In order to further study the interaction between intestinal microbes and breast cancer, this </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">article will comprehensively describe the intestinal microbiota and breast cancer from four aspects: intestinal microbial dysbiosis, altered estrogen metabolism, immune regulation, and intestinal microbial metabolites. It also reviews the application research of intestinal microbiota in breast cancer treatment, including the influence of intestinal microbiota on the effects of breast cancer radiotherapy and chemotherapy, probiotic therapy, and dietotherapy.展开更多
Accurately estimating the wheat yield potential under climate changes is essential for assessing food production capacity. However, studies based on crop modeling and imperfect management experiment data frequently un...Accurately estimating the wheat yield potential under climate changes is essential for assessing food production capacity. However, studies based on crop modeling and imperfect management experiment data frequently underestimate the wheat yield potential. In this study, we evaluated wheat yield potential based on the CERES-Wheat model and a well-managed 10-year(2008–2017) field study in the North China Plain(NCP), and further identified the critical climate and management yield-limiting factors for improving wheat yield potential and closing the wheat yield gap. Our results revealed that wheat yield potential averaged 10.8 t ha–1in the recent decade. The low growing degree days(GDD) in the pre-winter growing season(592℃ d) and solar radiation in the whole growth season(3,036 MJ m–2) are the most critical climatic factors limiting wheat yield potential in the current production system. Nonetheless, wheat yield potential in the NCP is projected to decline during 2040–2059 by 1.8 and 5.1% under the representative concentration pathway(RCP) 4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively, without considering the elevated CO_(2) concentration. However, the positive influence of CO_(2) fertilization will be sufficient to offset these negative impacts from climatic warming and solar dimming, ultimately leading to an enhancement in wheat yield potential during 2040–2059 by 7.5 and 9.8% compared to the baseline under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively. To improve the wheat yield potential, we recommend selecting an appropriate planting date(5 October) and planting density(400 plants m–2) that align with light and temperature conditions during the wheat growing season. In addition, optimizing the timing and rate of water application(three times, 270 mm) and fertilizer use(based on inseason root zone nitrogen management) is crucial for closing the wheat yield gap. This study underscores the importance of adopting multiple management practices that account for complex climate–crop–soil interconnections to enhance the wheat yield based on a long-term field experiment under the changing climate.展开更多
The land application of livestock manure has been widely acknowledged as a beneficial approach for nutrient recycling and environmental protection.However,the impact of residual antibiotics,a common contaminant of man...The land application of livestock manure has been widely acknowledged as a beneficial approach for nutrient recycling and environmental protection.However,the impact of residual antibiotics,a common contaminant of manure,on the degradation of organic compounds and nutrient release in Eutric Regosol is not well understood.Here,we studied,how oxytetracycline(OTC)and ciprofloxacin(CIP)affect the decomposition,microbial community structure,extracellular enzyme activities and nutrient release from cattle and pig manure using litterbag incubation experiments.Results showed that OTC and CIP greatly inhibited livestock manure decomposition,causing a decreased rate of carbon(28%-87%),nitrogen(15%-44%)and phosphorus(26%-43%)release.The relative abundance of gramnegative(G-)bacteria was reduced by 4.0%-13%while fungi increased by 7.0%-71%during a 28-day incubation period.Co-occurrence network analysis showed that antibiotic exposure disrupted microbial interactions,particularly among G-bacteria,G+bacteria,and actinomycetes.These changes in microbial community structure and function resulted in decreased activity of urease,β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase,alkaline protease,chitinase,and catalase,causing reduced decomposition and nutrient release in cattle and pig ma-nures.These findings advance our understanding of decomposition and nutrient recycling from manure-contaminated antibiotics,which will help facilitate sustainable agricultural production and soil carbon sequestration.展开更多
<b>Objective:</b> 120 patients with severe pneumonia who were kept in the comprehensive ICU of our hospital in 2018 were selected, and 16s rDNA sequencing was performed to analyze the composition of pathog...<b>Objective:</b> 120 patients with severe pneumonia who were kept in the comprehensive ICU of our hospital in 2018 were selected, and 16s rDNA sequencing was performed to analyze the composition of pathogenic bacteria in the sputum of severe pneumonia. <b>Methods:</b> The sputum samples of patients with severe bacterial pneumonia were collected, and the diversity of pathogens in the samples was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and high-throughput sequencing (16s rDNA PCR-DGGE). <b>Results:</b> Sequence showed that sputum samples contained a relatively large number of species, and there were many species that were not detected by sequencing. The dominant bacteria were <i>Streptococcus, Sphingomonas, Corynebacterium, Denatobacteria, Aquobacteria, Acinetobacteria, Prevotella, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas</i>, etc. <b>Conclusion:</b> Bacteria caused by sputum of severe bacterial pneumonia are complex and diverse, which provides new methods and ideas for individualized treatment of patients with severe pneumonia.展开更多
The diagnosis of pathogenic bacteria in severe pneumonia is difficult and the prognosis is poor. Its outcome is closely related to bacterial pathogenicity and the timeliness and pertinence of antibiotic treatment. The...The diagnosis of pathogenic bacteria in severe pneumonia is difficult and the prognosis is poor. Its outcome is closely related to bacterial pathogenicity and the timeliness and pertinence of antibiotic treatment. Therefore, early diagnosis is of great significance to the prognosis of patients. Sputum examination and culture is the gold standard for the diagnosis of pathogens of severe pneumonia. However, due to the long time of bacterial culture, the early use of antibiotics, the change of bacteria species, mixed infection and other problems, the results of bacterial culture in sputum are often false negative. With the continuous application of new molecular biology techniques in clinical detection, the classification of bacteria and microorganisms has deepened from the identification of phenotypic characteristics to the classification of gene characteristics. Sequencing analysis with 16S rDNA sequencing technology has the characteristics of high sequencing flux, large amount of data obtained, short cycle, and can more comprehensively reflect the species composition of microbial community, real species distribution and abundance information. In this paper, 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the bacterial population composition in the sputum of severe pneumonia, and to explore a new method of etiological diagnosis.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><b><span style="font-family...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">To compare the distribution of “mean corpuscular hemoglobin”-MCV, “mean corpuscular volume”-MCH, “hemoglobin”-HGB, “hemoglobin A”-HbA and “hemoglobin A2”-HbA2 in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">α</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> thalassemia hematology screening between Li and Han nationality, and analyze the best diagnostic cut-off value. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></b></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Select 7816 middle school students from Li nationality area as the research object, collect peripheral blood for blood cell analysis, hemoglobin electrophoresis and thalassaemia gene detection, and compare the difference in hematological parameters of common thalassemia genotype between Li and Han nationalities. Taking the genetic test results as the gold standard, construct the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) of relevant hematology parameters, calculate the Youden index and take its maximum diagnostic cut-off point as the best critical value.</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Results</span></b></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Comparison of hematological parameters of common thalassemia genotypes showed that the average value of MCH and MCV of -</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">α</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3.7/-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">α</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">4.2 type in Li nationality was lower than that of Han nationality, and the average value of HbA2 of CD41-42/</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">N type was higher than that of Han nationality, there was no significant difference among other genotypes. ROC curve analysis shows that the MCH, MCV, and HGB values </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">have p</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">oor diagnostic efficiency for thalassaemia, HbA has a slightly better diagnostic efficiency for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">α</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> thalassaemia, and the optimal cut-off values </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of HbA for Li and Han </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nationalities are 96.95% and 97.75%, respectively;HbA2 has better screening efficiency for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-thalassemia, and the optimal cut-off values of HbA2 for Li and Han nationalities are 4.20% and 3.45% respectively. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion</span></b></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In the prevention and control screening of thalassaemia in the Li and Han nationalities, hemoglobin electrophoresis technology has a better diagnostic efficiency.展开更多
Powdering/exfoliating of coatings and scratching galvanized steels and high strength steels （HSS）, are the main forms of surface damage in the forming of which result in increased die maintenance cost and scrap rate...Powdering/exfoliating of coatings and scratching galvanized steels and high strength steels （HSS）, are the main forms of surface damage in the forming of which result in increased die maintenance cost and scrap rate. In this study, a special rectangular box was developed to investigate the behavior and characteristics of surface damage in sheet metal forming （SMF） processes. U-channel forming tests were conducted to study the effect of tool hardness on surface damage in the forming of high strength steels and galvanized steels （hot-dip galvanized and galvannealed steels）. Experimental results indicate that sheet deformation mode influences the severity of surface damage in SMF and surface damage occurs easily at the regions where sheet specimen deforms under the action of compressive stress. Die corner is the position where surface damage initiates. For HSS sheet, surface damage is of major interest due to high forming pressure. The HSS and hot-dip galvanized steels show improved ability of damage-resistance with increased hardness of the forming tool. However, for galvannealed steel it is not the forming tool with the highest hardness value that performs best.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the distribution characteristics and clinical significance of SLCO1B1 and ApoE gene polymorphisms of the Li people in Hainan Island. Method: Selecting 502 high school students of the Li people fr...Objective: To analyze the distribution characteristics and clinical significance of SLCO1B1 and ApoE gene polymorphisms of the Li people in Hainan Island. Method: Selecting 502 high school students of the Li people from five cities and counties in Hainan Island (namely, Qiongzhong County, Dongfang City, Ledong County, Baoting County and Wuzhishan City) as research subjects in September, 2019;Applying PCR-fluorescence probe method to detect SLCO1B1 and ApoE genotypes of the Li people in Hainan Island, and statistically analyzing the distribution characteristics of gene frequency and the distribution differences in gene polymorphisms between different genders. Meanwhile, detecting the SLCO1B1 and ApoE gene of 527 people from the Han people in five regions mentioned before, so as to analyze the distribution differences of the SLCO1B1 and ApoE gene between the Han people and the Li people. Results: The frequency of each genotype of SLCO1B1 in the Li people in Hainan Island is: *1a/*1a 6.77%, *1a/*1b 27.09%, *1b/1b 41.63%, *1a/*5 0.00%, *1a/*15 4.78%, *1b/15 16.93%., *5/*5 0.00%, *5/*15 0.00%, *15/*15 2.79%;And that of ApoE is: e2/e2 0.40%, e2/e3 17.73%, e2/e4 2.39%, e3/e3 65.54%, e3/e4 12.55%, e4/e4 1.39%. There is no significant difference (P > 0.05) in other genotypes except weak metabolic genotypes (*5/*5, *5/*15 and *15/*15) between the Han and the Li peoples. Conclusion: The gene frequency of SLCO1B1 weak metabolic genotype is dramatically higher in the Li people of Hainan Island than that of the Han people in both Hainan Island and Central and South China, but there is no significant difference in ApoE gene frequency among them. Therefore, clinicians should adjust the dosage of statins and select the types of lipid-lowering drugs according to the differences in patients’ genotypes, and strengthen the management of patients with ApoE4 risk gene.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span><span style="font-family:""><span st...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> To evaluate the diagnostic value of (1 - 3)-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-D glucan and mannan assay for invasive candidiasis. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></b></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> A retrospective study was conducted on 32 cases in the disease group (18 proven invasive candidiasis and 14 probable invasive candidiasis) and 48 cases in the control group. The subjects were recruited from January 2018 to March 2019 in Clinical Laboratory of Hainan General Hospital. All subjects were detected by (1 - 3)-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-D glucan and mannan assay. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></b></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The mean concentration of (1 - 3)-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-D glucan in the disease group was 97.45 (43.23, 224.35) pg/ml and it was significantly higher than the mean concentration of the control group which was 49.85(41.91, 56.07) pg/ml (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> = 0.005). The mean concentration of mannan in the disease group and the control group were 161.36 (34.96, 224.49) pg/ml and 25.80 (25.00, 29.31) pg/ml, respectively, which were significantly different (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> < 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of (1 - 3)-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-D glucan assay were 59.38%, 89.58%, 79.17%, 76.79%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of mannan assay were 65.63%, 95.83%, 91.30%, 80.70%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of combination of two types of assays were 81.25%, 85.42%, 78.79% and 87.23%, respectively. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions</span></b></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Combination of (1 - 3)-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-D glucan and mannan assay can improve diagnostic specificity and it has essential clinical diagnostic value for invasive candidiasis</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.展开更多
<span>[Objective] To analyze the mutation signature and regularity of STR locus on 23 autosomes in paternity testing cases in Hainan. [Methods] A total of 2715 paternity testing cases accepted by the Forensic Me...<span>[Objective] To analyze the mutation signature and regularity of STR locus on 23 autosomes in paternity testing cases in Hainan. [Methods] A total of 2715 paternity testing cases accepted by the Forensic Medical Identification Centre of our hospital from 2017 to 2020 derived from counties and cities in Hainan Province were collected, the cases containing gene mutations were selected, the mutation rate and details of each locus were counted, and the mutation regu-larity of 23 STR loci was analyzed. [Results] Of the 2715 cases identified as “support”, 1487 were triplet cases and 1640 were dyad cases, totaling 4614 meioses;There were 50 gene mutation events (including 17 triplet mutations and 33 dyad mutations), with an average mutation rate of 0.0047% and a cumulative mutation rate of 1.0837%. A total of 19 of the 23 STR loci were mutated, with a mutation rate of 0.1301% at the D12S391 locus and 0.0217% at five loci, TPOX, D1S1656, D2S441, D22S1045, and PentaD, while no muta-tion events were found at four loci, D19S433, TH01, D13S317, and D7S820. Of the 50 mutation events, 47 were one-step mutations, 1 was two-step, and 2 were three-step. There were 35 paternal mutations (13 triplets and 22 dyads), 6 maternal mutations (4 triplets and 2 dyads), and 9 indeterminate pater-nal/maternal mutations, with a paternal to maternal mutation ratio of 5.83:1. [Conclusion] The mutation rate of D12S391 locus is the highest, and the muta-tion rate of TPOX, D1S1656, D2S441, D22S1045 and PentaD loci is the lowest in Hainan population, and paternal mutations are more than maternal muta-tions. In the paternity test, if 1 - 3 STR loci do not conform to the genetic law, especially when the mutant locus is homozygous or the next of kin is identi-fied, it is necessary to use other kits to review and increase the number of loci or use the second-generation sequencing technology to confirm, carefully de-termine the mutation and ensure the accuracy of the identification conclusion.</span>展开更多
Background: To explore the impact of pU6-based tandem survivin and CDK1-specific short hairpin RNA on the biological behaviors of CNE-2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Patients and Methods: The ve...Background: To explore the impact of pU6-based tandem survivin and CDK1-specific short hairpin RNA on the biological behaviors of CNE-2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Patients and Methods: The vectors of pU6-survivinshRNA, pU6-CDK1shRNA and pU6-survivinshRNA-CDK1shRNA were constructed and transfected into CNE-2 cells with Lipofectamine TM 2000, respectively. The mRNAs and proteins of CDK1 and survivin were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, accordingly. MTT assay was employed to evaluate the proliferation of CNE-2 cells, and flow cytometry was performed to determine the apoptosis of CNE-2 cells. The effects of interfering survivin and CDK1 on tumorigenesis were evaluated by tumor xenografts experiments. Results: Effective plasmids were successfully constructed knocking down survivin and/or CDK1. The proliferation inhibition of CNE-2 cells by pU6-survivinshRNA-CDK1shRNA (32.5%) was higher than that of by pU6-survivinshRNA (25.6%) and pU6-CDK1shRNA (15.6%), and apoptosis in CNE-2 cells simultaneously interfering survivin and CDK1 (15.2%) dramatically increased when compared to those of interfering survivin (5.4%) or CDK1 (4.7%) alone. Furthermore, simultaneously interfering survivin and CDK1 is more effective than interfering alone component in inhibiting tumor growth of fBalb/C nude mice xenografted with CNE-2 cells. Conclusion: The results altogether indicate that interfering survivin and CDK1simutaneously can produce synergistic effects of anti-nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which could be a potential therapeutic method.展开更多
Background: The protein encoded by ring finger protein 157 (RNF157) is known to function as an E3 ubiquitinligase. However, whether the level of RNF157 expression in breast cancer correlates with prognosis and immune ...Background: The protein encoded by ring finger protein 157 (RNF157) is known to function as an E3 ubiquitinligase. However, whether the level of RNF157 expression in breast cancer correlates with prognosis and immune cellinfiltration among breast cancer patients remains to be further explored. Methods: In this study, publicly availabledatasets were used for evaluating RNF157 expression in different tumors compared with normal samples. Severalindependent datasets were screened for investigating the relationship between RNF157 and breast cancer survival,different mutation profiles, and tumor immune cell infiltration. We conducted a pathway enrichment analysis toidentify signaling pathways associated with RNF157. Results: Analysis of public and online databases revealed thatRNF157 expression markedly decreased in breast cancer tissue samples compared to non-carcinoma counterparts.Consistently, immunohistochemistry assays also demonstrated this RNF157 down-regulation in breast cancer samples.RNF157 up-regulation could predict the improved survival of breast cancer cases. Further, different RNF157expression level groups exhibited different mutational profiles. Pathway enrichment profiling of RNF157-related genessuggested its possible involvement in regulating breast cancer via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)pathway. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data and genomic enrichment analysis showed that RNF157 downregulatedseveral genes positively associated with the MAPK signaling pathway. We also explored RNF157 expression andimmune cell infiltration in breast cancer and found that RNF157 mRNA levels were negatively related to non-Timmune cell infiltration. Conclusion: According to our work, RNF157 may be a promising diagnostic biomarker andtherapeutic target for breast cancer.展开更多
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common fetal development disorder which has great impact on neonatal health. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) has an important role in regulating fetal growth. Whether IG...Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common fetal development disorder which has great impact on neonatal health. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) has an important role in regulating fetal growth. Whether IGF1 DNA methylation was associated with IUGR has not been studied. Placenta samples from IUGR (n = 27) and normal delivery (n = 29) were collected whereas basic information of mothers and infants were also collected. RT-PCR was performed to examine IGF1 transcriptions and bisulfite sequencing PCR was used for DNA methylation analysis. Gene expression analysis found IUGR had significantly lower IGF1 transcription compared to control group (IUGR: 0.330 ± 0.351;control group: 1.001 ± 0.800, t = 3.995, P IGF1 were all highly methylated and there is no difference on DNA methylation rate between IUGR and control group (IUGR: 75%;control group: 81%;P = 0.09). Interestingly, in both IUGR and control groups, male fetus had significantly higher methylation rate than female fetus (IUGR: male: 87%;female: 74%, P = 0.016;control: male: 82%;female: 69%, P = 0.012). There was no correlation between IGF1gene expression and DNA methylation rate (r = 0.095, P = 0.063). Intrauterine fetal growth restriction placenta had significantly lower IGF1gene expression;however, IGF1 DNA methylation level was similar. A potential fetus gender difference was also found in IGF1 DNA methylation rate.展开更多
<strong>Objective</strong><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>:</strong...<strong>Objective</strong><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>:</strong></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> To investigate the changes of hsMAD2 protein and gene expression levels during chromosome segregation of human embryos. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Method</span></b></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The embryos of spontaneous abortion were collected in our hospital from 2009 to 2013, the chromosomal numbers of the embryonic villi were subsequently detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The patients were then divided into the normal and abnormal groups based on the chromosome number. The hsMAD2 protein and gene expression levels in the villi tissues of the two embryo groups were detected by western blotting and qRT-PCR, respectively. The hsMAD2 protein and gene levels in the embryonic villus tissue of the patient were detected. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></b></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span><span><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">From 2009 to 2013, we collected 50 embryos from spontaneous abortion patients. The chromosome abnormality and no abnormality were 36 cases (abnormal number of 28 cases (56.0%) and chimerism in 8 cases (16.0%)) and 14 cases (28.0%), respectively.</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The expression of hsmad2 protein and its gene in the villi of spontaneously aborted embryo with chromosomal abnormality in the abnormal group was significantly higher than that in those without chromosomal abnormalities (0.88 ± 0.20 vs 0.61 ± 0.19, P < 0.05), (23.46 ± 0.07 vs 18.35 ± 0.10, P < 0.05).</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Abnormal number of chromosomes is closely related to spontaneous abortion Linked, hsMAD2 factor has a card effect on the cell cycle, can block the mitotic process of cells, and play an important role in maintaining the normal separation and stability of chromosomes</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span></span></span>展开更多
Objective: The objective of the study is to verify the clinical validity of the following kits with the comparative experimental analysis and evaluate whether their performance can meet the clinical requirements, i.e....Objective: The objective of the study is to verify the clinical validity of the following kits with the comparative experimental analysis and evaluate whether their performance can meet the clinical requirements, i.e. Class III in vitro diagnostic reagent “Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type II Nucleic Acid Detection Kit (PCR-Fluorescence Probe Method)” of Daan Gene Co., Ltd. (Daan kit for short) and “Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type II Nucleic Acid Detection Kit (Fluorescence PCR Method)” of Wuhan Biot Gene Co., Ltd. (Biot kit for short). Method: In the study process, the samples were divided into positive and negative groups according to the control test results, and the clinical application performance of Daan kit and Biot kit was evaluated by comparing their test results. Results: The results show that two kits indicate the same test results, i.e. 26 positive and 107 negative samples in a total of 133 male urethral discharge samples, and 32 positive and 238 negative samples in a total of 270 female cervical secretion samples. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the clinical test that Daan and Biot Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type II Nuc- leic Acid Test Kits are reliable, accurate, safe, convenient for use, stable and high-value in the clinical application.展开更多
The implementation of green technologies has facilitated the sustainable development of China’s agriculture.However,the impact of green technologies in China’s major crops production,their mechanisms of action and t...The implementation of green technologies has facilitated the sustainable development of China’s agriculture.However,the impact of green technologies in China’s major crops production,their mechanisms of action and their future potential have not been systematically investigated.This study used national statistics data to summarize the impact of technological innovation on production and efficiency of major grain crops in China,and to identify which technologies have made the most important contributions.National statistics data showed changes in grain production(58% increase),total planting area(8.6%increase)and structure,nutrient input(0.83 Mt decrease)and reactive nitrogen losses,and optimized planting and fertilizer structure in 2022 compared to 2000.Of these,the proposal of integrated soilcrop system management significantly decreased reactive nitrogen losses and greenhouse gas emissions by 30% and 11%,respectively.Root zone nutrient regulation techniques,such as in-season nitrogen management,increased yields by 8%and decreased nitrogen rate by 25%.Rhizosphere nutrient regulation technology increased yield by 20.2% and decreased nitrogen rate by 20%-30%.According to predictions,integrated soil-crop system management will demonstrate significant advantages in both unit area yield and total yield by the year 2050.The adoption of integrated soil-crop system management is expected to increase the total production of rice,wheat and maize by 45.8,115 and 360 Mt,respectively.Currently,China’s agriculture is confronted by significant challenges,including rising food demand,excessive inorganic nutrient inputs,and low utilization rates of organic resources.Three key recommendations arise from this study:the implementation of precise management for organic manure;the promotion of enhanced-efficiency fertilizers;and the adoption of new technologies including integrated soil-crop system management combined with rhizosphere nutrient regulation and intelligent nutrient management.These measures will drive the development of green,high-yield and efficient agriculture.展开更多
Stabilized fertilizers,enhanced with urease or nitrification inhibitors,have emerged as pivotal tools for China’s agricultural green transition,balancing crop productivity,resource efficiency,and environmental sustai...Stabilized fertilizers,enhanced with urease or nitrification inhibitors,have emerged as pivotal tools for China’s agricultural green transition,balancing crop productivity,resource efficiency,and environmental sustainability.Globally,Germany and other EU countries have pioneered inhibitor-integrated fertilizer policies,driving emission reductions.Despite China’s later start,breakthroughs in local production,diversified formulations(covering six major fertilizer categories)and standardized systems have positioned it as a global leader,with 90%of the raw material capacity and 3 Mt annual output(4%of the total fertilizer production).Meta-analysis of over 900 trials(2014-2018)demonstrates stabilized fertilizers increase yields by 9.2%,nitrogen use efficiency by 11.2% and lower N2O emissions by 28.4% in staple crops.Field studies further reveal multifunctional benefits including 60% higher nitrogen efficiency,60% emission cuts,20%-50% fertilizer savings and enhanced climate resilience.To maximize impact,advancing technology innovation,refining application protocols and fostering cross-sector collaboration are critical.This paper provides strategic insights to accelerate China’s sustainable agriculture transition and global climate goals.展开更多
Maize is a critical grain crop in China,having the largest planting area and highest total yield of all grain crops.In the four-primary maize-producing regions of China(Northeast,North China Plain,Northwest and Southw...Maize is a critical grain crop in China,having the largest planting area and highest total yield of all grain crops.In the four-primary maize-producing regions of China(Northeast,North China Plain,Northwest and Southwest),persistent regional production challenges and yield-limiting factors have impeded the realization of efficient maize production.This paper reviews sustainable,yield-enhancing and efficiency-improving practices for maize production in China.By addressing the regional constraints in major maizeproducing areas and incorporating strategies,such as high-yield population construction,the establishment of appropriate tillage layers and soil fertility enhancement through precise matching technologies,this study integrates regionalized integrated fertilizer application and a government-enterpriseuniversity-research-application collaborative model,focusing on the Science and Technology Backyards.The goal is to facilitate sustainable,efficient,scaled and modernized development across diverse maize-growing regions in China.This approach is expected to provide a foundation for sustainable and efficient maize production in China.展开更多
Due to anthropogenic activities,heavy metal(HM)pollution in soils has increased,resulting in severe ecological problems and posing a constant threat to human health.Among various remediation methods,bacterial remediat...Due to anthropogenic activities,heavy metal(HM)pollution in soils has increased,resulting in severe ecological problems and posing a constant threat to human health.Among various remediation methods,bacterial remediation is a relatively clean,efficient,and minimally negative approach.However,bacterial agents face multiple environmental stresses,making them challenging to achieve long-lasting and stable restoration effects.To address this issue,supportive organic substances such as biochar can be added to the soil with bacteria.According to bibliometric studies,integrating biochar and bacteria is extensively researched and widely used for HM-contaminated soil remediation.By integrating biochar and bacteria,heavy metals in the soil can be remediated,and soil conditions can be improved over time.Bacteria can also better promote plant growth or contribute effectively to phytoremediation processes when assisted by biochar.However,the remediation agents integrating biochar and bacteria are still some distance away from large-scale use because of their high cost and possible environmental problems.Therefore,further discussion on the interaction between biochar and bacteria and the integration approach,along with their remediation efficiency and environmental friendliness,is needed to achieve sustainable remediation of HM-contaminated soils by integrating biochar and bacteria.This paper discusses the potential mechanisms of biochar-bacteria-metal interactions,current advancements in biochar-bacteria combinations for HM-contaminated soil treatment,and their application in sustainable remediation,analyzes the interaction between biochar and bacteria and compares the remediation effect of different ways and feedstocks to integrate biochar and bacteria.Finally,future directions of biochar-bacteria combinations are presented,along with evidence and strategies for improving their commercialization and implementation.展开更多
As the demand for livestock products continues to increase in China,so too does the challenge of managing increasing quantities of manure.Urgent action is needed to control point source(housing,storage and processing)...As the demand for livestock products continues to increase in China,so too does the challenge of managing increasing quantities of manure.Urgent action is needed to control point source(housing,storage and processing)and diffuse(field application)pollution and improve the utilization of manure nutrients and organic matter.Here,we review strategies to improve management at each stage of the manure management chain and at different scales.Many strategies require infrastructure investment,e.g.,for containment of all manure fractions.Engineering solutions are needed to develop advanced composting systems with lower environmental footprints and design more efficient nutrient stripping technologies.At the field-scale,there is an urgent need to develop a manure nutrient recommendation system that accounts for the range of manure types,cropping systems,soils and climates throughout China.At the regional scale,coordinated planning is necessary to promote recoupling of livestock and cropping systems,and reduce nutrient accumulation in regions with little available landbank,while minimizing the risk of pollution swapping from one region to another.A range of stakeholders are needed to support the step change and innovation required to improve manure management,reduce reliance on inorganic fertilizers,and generate new business opportunities.展开更多
文摘The intestinal microbiota has a symbiotic relationship with humans. It participates in some important physiological activities in the human body and has an important impact on human health. It has become a hot topic of research by scientists in recent years. Among them, the research on the correlation </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">between intestinal microbiota and cancer has increased rapidly. At present, the incidence rate of breast cancer is increasing, which seriously endangers the health of women. More and more studies have found that the occurrence of breast cancer is related to intestinal microbiota, and its possible mechanism inc</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ludes intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, estrogen metabolism changes, immun</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e regulation, and the participation of intestinal microbiota metabolites, etc. With the further development of high-throughput sequencing technology, th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e research on the correlation between intestinal microbiota and breast cancer</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> has become more in-depth, from a structural level confined to microorganisms to a more comprehensive system structure and function level. These research results provide a new research direction for the treatment of breast cancer. In order to further study the interaction between intestinal microbes and breast cancer, this </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">article will comprehensively describe the intestinal microbiota and breast cancer from four aspects: intestinal microbial dysbiosis, altered estrogen metabolism, immune regulation, and intestinal microbial metabolites. It also reviews the application research of intestinal microbiota in breast cancer treatment, including the influence of intestinal microbiota on the effects of breast cancer radiotherapy and chemotherapy, probiotic therapy, and dietotherapy.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFD2302801)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (JBYW-AII-2024-38)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesChina Scholarship Council。
文摘Accurately estimating the wheat yield potential under climate changes is essential for assessing food production capacity. However, studies based on crop modeling and imperfect management experiment data frequently underestimate the wheat yield potential. In this study, we evaluated wheat yield potential based on the CERES-Wheat model and a well-managed 10-year(2008–2017) field study in the North China Plain(NCP), and further identified the critical climate and management yield-limiting factors for improving wheat yield potential and closing the wheat yield gap. Our results revealed that wheat yield potential averaged 10.8 t ha–1in the recent decade. The low growing degree days(GDD) in the pre-winter growing season(592℃ d) and solar radiation in the whole growth season(3,036 MJ m–2) are the most critical climatic factors limiting wheat yield potential in the current production system. Nonetheless, wheat yield potential in the NCP is projected to decline during 2040–2059 by 1.8 and 5.1% under the representative concentration pathway(RCP) 4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively, without considering the elevated CO_(2) concentration. However, the positive influence of CO_(2) fertilization will be sufficient to offset these negative impacts from climatic warming and solar dimming, ultimately leading to an enhancement in wheat yield potential during 2040–2059 by 7.5 and 9.8% compared to the baseline under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively. To improve the wheat yield potential, we recommend selecting an appropriate planting date(5 October) and planting density(400 plants m–2) that align with light and temperature conditions during the wheat growing season. In addition, optimizing the timing and rate of water application(three times, 270 mm) and fertilizer use(based on inseason root zone nitrogen management) is crucial for closing the wheat yield gap. This study underscores the importance of adopting multiple management practices that account for complex climate–crop–soil interconnections to enhance the wheat yield based on a long-term field experiment under the changing climate.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A2047)the Key Research and Development Project for Tibet Autonomous Region(No.XZ202201ZY0003N)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFD1901402)the Lasa Science and Technology Bureau(No.LSKJ202206)the Foundation of Graduate Research and Innovation in Chongqing(No.CYB22127).
文摘The land application of livestock manure has been widely acknowledged as a beneficial approach for nutrient recycling and environmental protection.However,the impact of residual antibiotics,a common contaminant of manure,on the degradation of organic compounds and nutrient release in Eutric Regosol is not well understood.Here,we studied,how oxytetracycline(OTC)and ciprofloxacin(CIP)affect the decomposition,microbial community structure,extracellular enzyme activities and nutrient release from cattle and pig manure using litterbag incubation experiments.Results showed that OTC and CIP greatly inhibited livestock manure decomposition,causing a decreased rate of carbon(28%-87%),nitrogen(15%-44%)and phosphorus(26%-43%)release.The relative abundance of gramnegative(G-)bacteria was reduced by 4.0%-13%while fungi increased by 7.0%-71%during a 28-day incubation period.Co-occurrence network analysis showed that antibiotic exposure disrupted microbial interactions,particularly among G-bacteria,G+bacteria,and actinomycetes.These changes in microbial community structure and function resulted in decreased activity of urease,β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase,alkaline protease,chitinase,and catalase,causing reduced decomposition and nutrient release in cattle and pig ma-nures.These findings advance our understanding of decomposition and nutrient recycling from manure-contaminated antibiotics,which will help facilitate sustainable agricultural production and soil carbon sequestration.
文摘<b>Objective:</b> 120 patients with severe pneumonia who were kept in the comprehensive ICU of our hospital in 2018 were selected, and 16s rDNA sequencing was performed to analyze the composition of pathogenic bacteria in the sputum of severe pneumonia. <b>Methods:</b> The sputum samples of patients with severe bacterial pneumonia were collected, and the diversity of pathogens in the samples was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and high-throughput sequencing (16s rDNA PCR-DGGE). <b>Results:</b> Sequence showed that sputum samples contained a relatively large number of species, and there were many species that were not detected by sequencing. The dominant bacteria were <i>Streptococcus, Sphingomonas, Corynebacterium, Denatobacteria, Aquobacteria, Acinetobacteria, Prevotella, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas</i>, etc. <b>Conclusion:</b> Bacteria caused by sputum of severe bacterial pneumonia are complex and diverse, which provides new methods and ideas for individualized treatment of patients with severe pneumonia.
文摘The diagnosis of pathogenic bacteria in severe pneumonia is difficult and the prognosis is poor. Its outcome is closely related to bacterial pathogenicity and the timeliness and pertinence of antibiotic treatment. Therefore, early diagnosis is of great significance to the prognosis of patients. Sputum examination and culture is the gold standard for the diagnosis of pathogens of severe pneumonia. However, due to the long time of bacterial culture, the early use of antibiotics, the change of bacteria species, mixed infection and other problems, the results of bacterial culture in sputum are often false negative. With the continuous application of new molecular biology techniques in clinical detection, the classification of bacteria and microorganisms has deepened from the identification of phenotypic characteristics to the classification of gene characteristics. Sequencing analysis with 16S rDNA sequencing technology has the characteristics of high sequencing flux, large amount of data obtained, short cycle, and can more comprehensively reflect the species composition of microbial community, real species distribution and abundance information. In this paper, 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the bacterial population composition in the sputum of severe pneumonia, and to explore a new method of etiological diagnosis.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">To compare the distribution of “mean corpuscular hemoglobin”-MCV, “mean corpuscular volume”-MCH, “hemoglobin”-HGB, “hemoglobin A”-HbA and “hemoglobin A2”-HbA2 in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">α</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> thalassemia hematology screening between Li and Han nationality, and analyze the best diagnostic cut-off value. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></b></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Select 7816 middle school students from Li nationality area as the research object, collect peripheral blood for blood cell analysis, hemoglobin electrophoresis and thalassaemia gene detection, and compare the difference in hematological parameters of common thalassemia genotype between Li and Han nationalities. Taking the genetic test results as the gold standard, construct the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) of relevant hematology parameters, calculate the Youden index and take its maximum diagnostic cut-off point as the best critical value.</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Results</span></b></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Comparison of hematological parameters of common thalassemia genotypes showed that the average value of MCH and MCV of -</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">α</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3.7/-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">α</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">4.2 type in Li nationality was lower than that of Han nationality, and the average value of HbA2 of CD41-42/</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">N type was higher than that of Han nationality, there was no significant difference among other genotypes. ROC curve analysis shows that the MCH, MCV, and HGB values </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">have p</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">oor diagnostic efficiency for thalassaemia, HbA has a slightly better diagnostic efficiency for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">α</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> thalassaemia, and the optimal cut-off values </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of HbA for Li and Han </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nationalities are 96.95% and 97.75%, respectively;HbA2 has better screening efficiency for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-thalassemia, and the optimal cut-off values of HbA2 for Li and Han nationalities are 4.20% and 3.45% respectively. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion</span></b></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In the prevention and control screening of thalassaemia in the Li and Han nationalities, hemoglobin electrophoresis technology has a better diagnostic efficiency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 50605043
文摘Powdering/exfoliating of coatings and scratching galvanized steels and high strength steels （HSS）, are the main forms of surface damage in the forming of which result in increased die maintenance cost and scrap rate. In this study, a special rectangular box was developed to investigate the behavior and characteristics of surface damage in sheet metal forming （SMF） processes. U-channel forming tests were conducted to study the effect of tool hardness on surface damage in the forming of high strength steels and galvanized steels （hot-dip galvanized and galvannealed steels）. Experimental results indicate that sheet deformation mode influences the severity of surface damage in SMF and surface damage occurs easily at the regions where sheet specimen deforms under the action of compressive stress. Die corner is the position where surface damage initiates. For HSS sheet, surface damage is of major interest due to high forming pressure. The HSS and hot-dip galvanized steels show improved ability of damage-resistance with increased hardness of the forming tool. However, for galvannealed steel it is not the forming tool with the highest hardness value that performs best.
文摘Objective: To analyze the distribution characteristics and clinical significance of SLCO1B1 and ApoE gene polymorphisms of the Li people in Hainan Island. Method: Selecting 502 high school students of the Li people from five cities and counties in Hainan Island (namely, Qiongzhong County, Dongfang City, Ledong County, Baoting County and Wuzhishan City) as research subjects in September, 2019;Applying PCR-fluorescence probe method to detect SLCO1B1 and ApoE genotypes of the Li people in Hainan Island, and statistically analyzing the distribution characteristics of gene frequency and the distribution differences in gene polymorphisms between different genders. Meanwhile, detecting the SLCO1B1 and ApoE gene of 527 people from the Han people in five regions mentioned before, so as to analyze the distribution differences of the SLCO1B1 and ApoE gene between the Han people and the Li people. Results: The frequency of each genotype of SLCO1B1 in the Li people in Hainan Island is: *1a/*1a 6.77%, *1a/*1b 27.09%, *1b/1b 41.63%, *1a/*5 0.00%, *1a/*15 4.78%, *1b/15 16.93%., *5/*5 0.00%, *5/*15 0.00%, *15/*15 2.79%;And that of ApoE is: e2/e2 0.40%, e2/e3 17.73%, e2/e4 2.39%, e3/e3 65.54%, e3/e4 12.55%, e4/e4 1.39%. There is no significant difference (P > 0.05) in other genotypes except weak metabolic genotypes (*5/*5, *5/*15 and *15/*15) between the Han and the Li peoples. Conclusion: The gene frequency of SLCO1B1 weak metabolic genotype is dramatically higher in the Li people of Hainan Island than that of the Han people in both Hainan Island and Central and South China, but there is no significant difference in ApoE gene frequency among them. Therefore, clinicians should adjust the dosage of statins and select the types of lipid-lowering drugs according to the differences in patients’ genotypes, and strengthen the management of patients with ApoE4 risk gene.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> To evaluate the diagnostic value of (1 - 3)-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-D glucan and mannan assay for invasive candidiasis. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></b></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> A retrospective study was conducted on 32 cases in the disease group (18 proven invasive candidiasis and 14 probable invasive candidiasis) and 48 cases in the control group. The subjects were recruited from January 2018 to March 2019 in Clinical Laboratory of Hainan General Hospital. All subjects were detected by (1 - 3)-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-D glucan and mannan assay. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></b></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The mean concentration of (1 - 3)-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-D glucan in the disease group was 97.45 (43.23, 224.35) pg/ml and it was significantly higher than the mean concentration of the control group which was 49.85(41.91, 56.07) pg/ml (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> = 0.005). The mean concentration of mannan in the disease group and the control group were 161.36 (34.96, 224.49) pg/ml and 25.80 (25.00, 29.31) pg/ml, respectively, which were significantly different (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> < 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of (1 - 3)-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-D glucan assay were 59.38%, 89.58%, 79.17%, 76.79%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of mannan assay were 65.63%, 95.83%, 91.30%, 80.70%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of combination of two types of assays were 81.25%, 85.42%, 78.79% and 87.23%, respectively. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions</span></b></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Combination of (1 - 3)-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-D glucan and mannan assay can improve diagnostic specificity and it has essential clinical diagnostic value for invasive candidiasis</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.
文摘<span>[Objective] To analyze the mutation signature and regularity of STR locus on 23 autosomes in paternity testing cases in Hainan. [Methods] A total of 2715 paternity testing cases accepted by the Forensic Medical Identification Centre of our hospital from 2017 to 2020 derived from counties and cities in Hainan Province were collected, the cases containing gene mutations were selected, the mutation rate and details of each locus were counted, and the mutation regu-larity of 23 STR loci was analyzed. [Results] Of the 2715 cases identified as “support”, 1487 were triplet cases and 1640 were dyad cases, totaling 4614 meioses;There were 50 gene mutation events (including 17 triplet mutations and 33 dyad mutations), with an average mutation rate of 0.0047% and a cumulative mutation rate of 1.0837%. A total of 19 of the 23 STR loci were mutated, with a mutation rate of 0.1301% at the D12S391 locus and 0.0217% at five loci, TPOX, D1S1656, D2S441, D22S1045, and PentaD, while no muta-tion events were found at four loci, D19S433, TH01, D13S317, and D7S820. Of the 50 mutation events, 47 were one-step mutations, 1 was two-step, and 2 were three-step. There were 35 paternal mutations (13 triplets and 22 dyads), 6 maternal mutations (4 triplets and 2 dyads), and 9 indeterminate pater-nal/maternal mutations, with a paternal to maternal mutation ratio of 5.83:1. [Conclusion] The mutation rate of D12S391 locus is the highest, and the muta-tion rate of TPOX, D1S1656, D2S441, D22S1045 and PentaD loci is the lowest in Hainan population, and paternal mutations are more than maternal muta-tions. In the paternity test, if 1 - 3 STR loci do not conform to the genetic law, especially when the mutant locus is homozygous or the next of kin is identi-fied, it is necessary to use other kits to review and increase the number of loci or use the second-generation sequencing technology to confirm, carefully de-termine the mutation and ensure the accuracy of the identification conclusion.</span>
文摘Background: To explore the impact of pU6-based tandem survivin and CDK1-specific short hairpin RNA on the biological behaviors of CNE-2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Patients and Methods: The vectors of pU6-survivinshRNA, pU6-CDK1shRNA and pU6-survivinshRNA-CDK1shRNA were constructed and transfected into CNE-2 cells with Lipofectamine TM 2000, respectively. The mRNAs and proteins of CDK1 and survivin were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, accordingly. MTT assay was employed to evaluate the proliferation of CNE-2 cells, and flow cytometry was performed to determine the apoptosis of CNE-2 cells. The effects of interfering survivin and CDK1 on tumorigenesis were evaluated by tumor xenografts experiments. Results: Effective plasmids were successfully constructed knocking down survivin and/or CDK1. The proliferation inhibition of CNE-2 cells by pU6-survivinshRNA-CDK1shRNA (32.5%) was higher than that of by pU6-survivinshRNA (25.6%) and pU6-CDK1shRNA (15.6%), and apoptosis in CNE-2 cells simultaneously interfering survivin and CDK1 (15.2%) dramatically increased when compared to those of interfering survivin (5.4%) or CDK1 (4.7%) alone. Furthermore, simultaneously interfering survivin and CDK1 is more effective than interfering alone component in inhibiting tumor growth of fBalb/C nude mice xenografted with CNE-2 cells. Conclusion: The results altogether indicate that interfering survivin and CDK1simutaneously can produce synergistic effects of anti-nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which could be a potential therapeutic method.
基金funded by the Innovation Team Project of Hainan Natural Science Foundation(820CXTD446)the Technology Program of Qingyuan(No.2022KJJH027 to Linhai Li).
文摘Background: The protein encoded by ring finger protein 157 (RNF157) is known to function as an E3 ubiquitinligase. However, whether the level of RNF157 expression in breast cancer correlates with prognosis and immune cellinfiltration among breast cancer patients remains to be further explored. Methods: In this study, publicly availabledatasets were used for evaluating RNF157 expression in different tumors compared with normal samples. Severalindependent datasets were screened for investigating the relationship between RNF157 and breast cancer survival,different mutation profiles, and tumor immune cell infiltration. We conducted a pathway enrichment analysis toidentify signaling pathways associated with RNF157. Results: Analysis of public and online databases revealed thatRNF157 expression markedly decreased in breast cancer tissue samples compared to non-carcinoma counterparts.Consistently, immunohistochemistry assays also demonstrated this RNF157 down-regulation in breast cancer samples.RNF157 up-regulation could predict the improved survival of breast cancer cases. Further, different RNF157expression level groups exhibited different mutational profiles. Pathway enrichment profiling of RNF157-related genessuggested its possible involvement in regulating breast cancer via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)pathway. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data and genomic enrichment analysis showed that RNF157 downregulatedseveral genes positively associated with the MAPK signaling pathway. We also explored RNF157 expression andimmune cell infiltration in breast cancer and found that RNF157 mRNA levels were negatively related to non-Timmune cell infiltration. Conclusion: According to our work, RNF157 may be a promising diagnostic biomarker andtherapeutic target for breast cancer.
文摘Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common fetal development disorder which has great impact on neonatal health. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) has an important role in regulating fetal growth. Whether IGF1 DNA methylation was associated with IUGR has not been studied. Placenta samples from IUGR (n = 27) and normal delivery (n = 29) were collected whereas basic information of mothers and infants were also collected. RT-PCR was performed to examine IGF1 transcriptions and bisulfite sequencing PCR was used for DNA methylation analysis. Gene expression analysis found IUGR had significantly lower IGF1 transcription compared to control group (IUGR: 0.330 ± 0.351;control group: 1.001 ± 0.800, t = 3.995, P IGF1 were all highly methylated and there is no difference on DNA methylation rate between IUGR and control group (IUGR: 75%;control group: 81%;P = 0.09). Interestingly, in both IUGR and control groups, male fetus had significantly higher methylation rate than female fetus (IUGR: male: 87%;female: 74%, P = 0.016;control: male: 82%;female: 69%, P = 0.012). There was no correlation between IGF1gene expression and DNA methylation rate (r = 0.095, P = 0.063). Intrauterine fetal growth restriction placenta had significantly lower IGF1gene expression;however, IGF1 DNA methylation level was similar. A potential fetus gender difference was also found in IGF1 DNA methylation rate.
文摘<strong>Objective</strong><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>:</strong></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> To investigate the changes of hsMAD2 protein and gene expression levels during chromosome segregation of human embryos. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Method</span></b></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The embryos of spontaneous abortion were collected in our hospital from 2009 to 2013, the chromosomal numbers of the embryonic villi were subsequently detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The patients were then divided into the normal and abnormal groups based on the chromosome number. The hsMAD2 protein and gene expression levels in the villi tissues of the two embryo groups were detected by western blotting and qRT-PCR, respectively. The hsMAD2 protein and gene levels in the embryonic villus tissue of the patient were detected. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></b></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span><span><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">From 2009 to 2013, we collected 50 embryos from spontaneous abortion patients. The chromosome abnormality and no abnormality were 36 cases (abnormal number of 28 cases (56.0%) and chimerism in 8 cases (16.0%)) and 14 cases (28.0%), respectively.</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The expression of hsmad2 protein and its gene in the villi of spontaneously aborted embryo with chromosomal abnormality in the abnormal group was significantly higher than that in those without chromosomal abnormalities (0.88 ± 0.20 vs 0.61 ± 0.19, P < 0.05), (23.46 ± 0.07 vs 18.35 ± 0.10, P < 0.05).</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Abnormal number of chromosomes is closely related to spontaneous abortion Linked, hsMAD2 factor has a card effect on the cell cycle, can block the mitotic process of cells, and play an important role in maintaining the normal separation and stability of chromosomes</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span></span></span>
文摘Objective: The objective of the study is to verify the clinical validity of the following kits with the comparative experimental analysis and evaluate whether their performance can meet the clinical requirements, i.e. Class III in vitro diagnostic reagent “Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type II Nucleic Acid Detection Kit (PCR-Fluorescence Probe Method)” of Daan Gene Co., Ltd. (Daan kit for short) and “Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type II Nucleic Acid Detection Kit (Fluorescence PCR Method)” of Wuhan Biot Gene Co., Ltd. (Biot kit for short). Method: In the study process, the samples were divided into positive and negative groups according to the control test results, and the clinical application performance of Daan kit and Biot kit was evaluated by comparing their test results. Results: The results show that two kits indicate the same test results, i.e. 26 positive and 107 negative samples in a total of 133 male urethral discharge samples, and 32 positive and 238 negative samples in a total of 270 female cervical secretion samples. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the clinical test that Daan and Biot Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type II Nuc- leic Acid Test Kits are reliable, accurate, safe, convenient for use, stable and high-value in the clinical application.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFD1900600,2022YFD1901500)gratefully supported by the earmarked fund for CARS-02the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32102490)
文摘The implementation of green technologies has facilitated the sustainable development of China’s agriculture.However,the impact of green technologies in China’s major crops production,their mechanisms of action and their future potential have not been systematically investigated.This study used national statistics data to summarize the impact of technological innovation on production and efficiency of major grain crops in China,and to identify which technologies have made the most important contributions.National statistics data showed changes in grain production(58% increase),total planting area(8.6%increase)and structure,nutrient input(0.83 Mt decrease)and reactive nitrogen losses,and optimized planting and fertilizer structure in 2022 compared to 2000.Of these,the proposal of integrated soilcrop system management significantly decreased reactive nitrogen losses and greenhouse gas emissions by 30% and 11%,respectively.Root zone nutrient regulation techniques,such as in-season nitrogen management,increased yields by 8%and decreased nitrogen rate by 25%.Rhizosphere nutrient regulation technology increased yield by 20.2% and decreased nitrogen rate by 20%-30%.According to predictions,integrated soil-crop system management will demonstrate significant advantages in both unit area yield and total yield by the year 2050.The adoption of integrated soil-crop system management is expected to increase the total production of rice,wheat and maize by 45.8,115 and 360 Mt,respectively.Currently,China’s agriculture is confronted by significant challenges,including rising food demand,excessive inorganic nutrient inputs,and low utilization rates of organic resources.Three key recommendations arise from this study:the implementation of precise management for organic manure;the promotion of enhanced-efficiency fertilizers;and the adoption of new technologies including integrated soil-crop system management combined with rhizosphere nutrient regulation and intelligent nutrient management.These measures will drive the development of green,high-yield and efficient agriculture.
文摘Stabilized fertilizers,enhanced with urease or nitrification inhibitors,have emerged as pivotal tools for China’s agricultural green transition,balancing crop productivity,resource efficiency,and environmental sustainability.Globally,Germany and other EU countries have pioneered inhibitor-integrated fertilizer policies,driving emission reductions.Despite China’s later start,breakthroughs in local production,diversified formulations(covering six major fertilizer categories)and standardized systems have positioned it as a global leader,with 90%of the raw material capacity and 3 Mt annual output(4%of the total fertilizer production).Meta-analysis of over 900 trials(2014-2018)demonstrates stabilized fertilizers increase yields by 9.2%,nitrogen use efficiency by 11.2% and lower N2O emissions by 28.4% in staple crops.Field studies further reveal multifunctional benefits including 60% higher nitrogen efficiency,60% emission cuts,20%-50% fertilizer savings and enhanced climate resilience.To maximize impact,advancing technology innovation,refining application protocols and fostering cross-sector collaboration are critical.This paper provides strategic insights to accelerate China’s sustainable agriculture transition and global climate goals.
基金supported by National Key R&D Programs(2024YFD2300105 and 2022YFD1500700)National Maize Production System in China and Special Fund for Agriculture Professional(201103003).
文摘Maize is a critical grain crop in China,having the largest planting area and highest total yield of all grain crops.In the four-primary maize-producing regions of China(Northeast,North China Plain,Northwest and Southwest),persistent regional production challenges and yield-limiting factors have impeded the realization of efficient maize production.This paper reviews sustainable,yield-enhancing and efficiency-improving practices for maize production in China.By addressing the regional constraints in major maizeproducing areas and incorporating strategies,such as high-yield population construction,the establishment of appropriate tillage layers and soil fertility enhancement through precise matching technologies,this study integrates regionalized integrated fertilizer application and a government-enterpriseuniversity-research-application collaborative model,focusing on the Science and Technology Backyards.The goal is to facilitate sustainable,efficient,scaled and modernized development across diverse maize-growing regions in China.This approach is expected to provide a foundation for sustainable and efficient maize production in China.
基金College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.SWU 020010).
文摘Due to anthropogenic activities,heavy metal(HM)pollution in soils has increased,resulting in severe ecological problems and posing a constant threat to human health.Among various remediation methods,bacterial remediation is a relatively clean,efficient,and minimally negative approach.However,bacterial agents face multiple environmental stresses,making them challenging to achieve long-lasting and stable restoration effects.To address this issue,supportive organic substances such as biochar can be added to the soil with bacteria.According to bibliometric studies,integrating biochar and bacteria is extensively researched and widely used for HM-contaminated soil remediation.By integrating biochar and bacteria,heavy metals in the soil can be remediated,and soil conditions can be improved over time.Bacteria can also better promote plant growth or contribute effectively to phytoremediation processes when assisted by biochar.However,the remediation agents integrating biochar and bacteria are still some distance away from large-scale use because of their high cost and possible environmental problems.Therefore,further discussion on the interaction between biochar and bacteria and the integration approach,along with their remediation efficiency and environmental friendliness,is needed to achieve sustainable remediation of HM-contaminated soils by integrating biochar and bacteria.This paper discusses the potential mechanisms of biochar-bacteria-metal interactions,current advancements in biochar-bacteria combinations for HM-contaminated soil treatment,and their application in sustainable remediation,analyzes the interaction between biochar and bacteria and compares the remediation effect of different ways and feedstocks to integrate biochar and bacteria.Finally,future directions of biochar-bacteria combinations are presented,along with evidence and strategies for improving their commercialization and implementation.
基金support from the Academy for Agricultural Green Development,the UK-China Virtual Joint Centres on Nitrogen,N-Circle and CINAgfunded by the Newton Fund via UK BBSRC/NERC(BB/N013484/1 and BB/N013468/1,respectively)+1 种基金the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology,and the Sustainable Agriculture Innovation Network(SAIN)financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31772393)for supporting Yong Hou。
文摘As the demand for livestock products continues to increase in China,so too does the challenge of managing increasing quantities of manure.Urgent action is needed to control point source(housing,storage and processing)and diffuse(field application)pollution and improve the utilization of manure nutrients and organic matter.Here,we review strategies to improve management at each stage of the manure management chain and at different scales.Many strategies require infrastructure investment,e.g.,for containment of all manure fractions.Engineering solutions are needed to develop advanced composting systems with lower environmental footprints and design more efficient nutrient stripping technologies.At the field-scale,there is an urgent need to develop a manure nutrient recommendation system that accounts for the range of manure types,cropping systems,soils and climates throughout China.At the regional scale,coordinated planning is necessary to promote recoupling of livestock and cropping systems,and reduce nutrient accumulation in regions with little available landbank,while minimizing the risk of pollution swapping from one region to another.A range of stakeholders are needed to support the step change and innovation required to improve manure management,reduce reliance on inorganic fertilizers,and generate new business opportunities.
