[目的]聚焦于细沟溯源侵蚀过程,对其研究热点、发育过程和机制、影响因素以及侵蚀预测模型的研究进展进行总结和展望,为细沟溯源侵蚀过程研究提供科学参考。[方法]系统检索中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science(WoS)核心合集数据库中1997—2...[目的]聚焦于细沟溯源侵蚀过程,对其研究热点、发育过程和机制、影响因素以及侵蚀预测模型的研究进展进行总结和展望,为细沟溯源侵蚀过程研究提供科学参考。[方法]系统检索中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science(WoS)核心合集数据库中1997—2025年8月的文献数据,利用CiteSpace和VOSviewer软件对关键词及发文国家(地区)进行可视化分析。[结果]当前细沟侵蚀研究多聚焦于径流调控与泥沙运移,而针对细沟溯源侵蚀单一过程的定量研究不足。径流冲刷过程中,细沟首先产生在流路上,跌坎沿流路间隔出现,侵蚀力较大的跌水逐渐下切,形成溯源侵蚀现象。沟头高度是径流冲刷过程中坡面侵蚀强度大小的主要影响因素,溯源侵蚀量的大小取决于气候、土壤质地以及地形等因素。现有土壤侵蚀预测模型多针对于细沟侵蚀复合过程,而对细沟溯源侵蚀过程预测模型的参数选择和测量指标缺乏关注。[结论]提出加强细沟溯源侵蚀定量研究、发育过程的动态监测以及构建溯源侵蚀过程预测模型等后续研究方向。展开更多
The Ying-Qiong Basin is located on the northwestern margin of the South China Sea and at the junction of the South China Block and the Indochina Block.It is characterized by complex geological structures.The existing ...The Ying-Qiong Basin is located on the northwestern margin of the South China Sea and at the junction of the South China Block and the Indochina Block.It is characterized by complex geological structures.The existing seismic data in the study area is sparse due to the lack of earthquake activities.Because of the limited source energy and poor coverage of seismic data,the knowledge of deep structures in the area,including the spatial distribution of deep faults,is incomplete.Contrarily,satellite gravity data cover the entire study area and can reveal the spatial distribution of faults.Based on the wavelet multi-scale decomposition method,the Bouguer gravity field in the Ying-Qiong Basin was decomposed and reconstructed to obtain the detailed images of the first-to sixth-order gravitational fields.By incorporating the known geological features,the gravitational field responses of the main faults in the Ying-Qiong Basin were identified in the detailed fields,and the power spectrum analysis yielded the depths of 1.4,8,15,26.5,and 39 km for the average burial depths of the bottom surfaces from the first-to fifth-order detailed fields,respectively.The four main faults in the Yinggehai Basin all have a large active depth range:fault A(No.1)is between 5 and 39 km,fault B is between 26.5 and 39 km,and faults C and D are between 15 and 39 km.However,the depth of active faults in the Qiongdongnan Basin is relatively shallow,mainly between 8 and 26.5 km.展开更多
Seafloor pockmarks are important indicators of submarine methane seepages and slope instabilities.In order to promote the understanding of submarine pockmarks and their relationship with sediment instabilities and cli...Seafloor pockmarks are important indicators of submarine methane seepages and slope instabilities.In order to promote the understanding of submarine pockmarks and their relationship with sediment instabilities and climate changes,here we summarize the research results of pockmarks in the spatio-temporal distributions and shaping factors.Most of pockmarks occur along active or passive continental margins during the last 25 kyr B.P..Circular and ellipse are the most common forms of pockmarks,whereas pockmarks in a special crescent or elongated shape are indicators of slope instabilities,and ring-shape pockmarks are endemic to the gas hydrate zones.Further researches should be focused on the trigger mechanism of climate changes based on the pockmarks in the high latitudes formed during the deglaciation periods,and the role of gas hydrates in the seafloor evolution should be elucidated.In addition,the feature of pockmarks at their early stage(e.g.,developing gas chimneys and gas driving sedimentary doming)and the relations between pockmarks and mass movements,mud diapirs could be further studied to clarify the influences of rapid methane release from submarine sediments on the atmospheric carbon contents.展开更多
文摘[目的]聚焦于细沟溯源侵蚀过程,对其研究热点、发育过程和机制、影响因素以及侵蚀预测模型的研究进展进行总结和展望,为细沟溯源侵蚀过程研究提供科学参考。[方法]系统检索中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science(WoS)核心合集数据库中1997—2025年8月的文献数据,利用CiteSpace和VOSviewer软件对关键词及发文国家(地区)进行可视化分析。[结果]当前细沟侵蚀研究多聚焦于径流调控与泥沙运移,而针对细沟溯源侵蚀单一过程的定量研究不足。径流冲刷过程中,细沟首先产生在流路上,跌坎沿流路间隔出现,侵蚀力较大的跌水逐渐下切,形成溯源侵蚀现象。沟头高度是径流冲刷过程中坡面侵蚀强度大小的主要影响因素,溯源侵蚀量的大小取决于气候、土壤质地以及地形等因素。现有土壤侵蚀预测模型多针对于细沟侵蚀复合过程,而对细沟溯源侵蚀过程预测模型的参数选择和测量指标缺乏关注。[结论]提出加强细沟溯源侵蚀定量研究、发育过程的动态监测以及构建溯源侵蚀过程预测模型等后续研究方向。
基金sup-ported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41530963,91858215 and 41906048)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.201964015)the Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(No.MMRZZ201801).
文摘The Ying-Qiong Basin is located on the northwestern margin of the South China Sea and at the junction of the South China Block and the Indochina Block.It is characterized by complex geological structures.The existing seismic data in the study area is sparse due to the lack of earthquake activities.Because of the limited source energy and poor coverage of seismic data,the knowledge of deep structures in the area,including the spatial distribution of deep faults,is incomplete.Contrarily,satellite gravity data cover the entire study area and can reveal the spatial distribution of faults.Based on the wavelet multi-scale decomposition method,the Bouguer gravity field in the Ying-Qiong Basin was decomposed and reconstructed to obtain the detailed images of the first-to sixth-order gravitational fields.By incorporating the known geological features,the gravitational field responses of the main faults in the Ying-Qiong Basin were identified in the detailed fields,and the power spectrum analysis yielded the depths of 1.4,8,15,26.5,and 39 km for the average burial depths of the bottom surfaces from the first-to fifth-order detailed fields,respectively.The four main faults in the Yinggehai Basin all have a large active depth range:fault A(No.1)is between 5 and 39 km,fault B is between 26.5 and 39 km,and faults C and D are between 15 and 39 km.However,the depth of active faults in the Qiongdongnan Basin is relatively shallow,mainly between 8 and 26.5 km.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41606044 41906068+3 种基金 91 858208) the National Key Research and Development Program (No. 2018YFC031000303) the Taishan Scholar Special Experts Project (No. ts201712079)the Marine Geological Survey Program of China Geological Survey (No. DD20190819)
文摘Seafloor pockmarks are important indicators of submarine methane seepages and slope instabilities.In order to promote the understanding of submarine pockmarks and their relationship with sediment instabilities and climate changes,here we summarize the research results of pockmarks in the spatio-temporal distributions and shaping factors.Most of pockmarks occur along active or passive continental margins during the last 25 kyr B.P..Circular and ellipse are the most common forms of pockmarks,whereas pockmarks in a special crescent or elongated shape are indicators of slope instabilities,and ring-shape pockmarks are endemic to the gas hydrate zones.Further researches should be focused on the trigger mechanism of climate changes based on the pockmarks in the high latitudes formed during the deglaciation periods,and the role of gas hydrates in the seafloor evolution should be elucidated.In addition,the feature of pockmarks at their early stage(e.g.,developing gas chimneys and gas driving sedimentary doming)and the relations between pockmarks and mass movements,mud diapirs could be further studied to clarify the influences of rapid methane release from submarine sediments on the atmospheric carbon contents.
