Radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis(OM)is a common oral complication in patients with tumors following head and neck radiotherapy or chemotherapy.Erosion and ulcers are the main features of OM that seriously affe...Radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis(OM)is a common oral complication in patients with tumors following head and neck radiotherapy or chemotherapy.Erosion and ulcers are the main features of OM that seriously affect the quality of life of patients and even the progress of tumor treatment.To date,differences in clinical prevention and treatment plans for OM have been noted among doctors of various specialties,which has increased the uncertainty of treatment effects.On the basis of current research evidence,this expert consensus outlines risk factors,clinical manifestations,clinical grading,ancillary examinations,diagnostic basis,prevention and treatment strategies and efficacy indicators for OM.In addition to strategies such as basic oral care,antiinflammatory and analgesic agents,anti-infective agents,pro-healing agents,and photobiotherapy recommended in previous guidelines,we also emphasize the role of traditional Chinese medicine in OM prevention and treatment.This expert consensus aims to provide references and guidance for dental physicians and oncologists in formulating strategies for OM prevention,diagnosis,and treatment,standardizing clinical practice,reducing OM occurrence,promoting healing,and improving the quality of life of patients.展开更多
Gut-derived metabolites are essential for liver fibrogenesis.The aim of this study was to determine the alteration of indole-3-propionic acid(IPA),a crucial tryptophan metabolite,in liver fibrosis and delineate the ro...Gut-derived metabolites are essential for liver fibrogenesis.The aim of this study was to determine the alteration of indole-3-propionic acid(IPA),a crucial tryptophan metabolite,in liver fibrosis and delineate the roles of enterogenic IPA in fibrogenesis.In the present study,metabolomics assays focused on tryptophan metabolism were applied to explore the decreased levels of IPA in the feces and serum of cirrhotic patients,as well as in the feces and portal vein serum of fibrotic mice.Oral IPA administration exerted strong antifibrotic effects with favorable biosafety in three fibrotic models via multicellular modulation.Multiplex immunohistochemical staining and DAOSLIMIT imaging demonstrated that gut-derived IPA was directly captured by hepatic macrophages.Macrophage-specific AhR knockout blocked the antifibrotic effect of IPA,while the therapeutic efficacy was maintained in mice with HSC-or hepatocyte-specific AhR depletion.Furthermore,IPA governed macrophage recruitment,S100A8/A9+phenotype transformation and profibrotic and proinflammatory functions,resulting in amelioration of hepatic fibrogenesis.Mechanistically,IPA targeted the AhR/NF-κB/S100A8/A9 axis and AhR/SPHK2/S1P signaling to inhibit the profibrotic biological characteristics of macrophages and subsequently interrupted the profibrogenic crosstalk between macrophages and hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)in coculture systems and 3D liver spheroid models.These findings increase the understanding of the effects of enterogenic tryptophan metabolites on liver fibrogenesis via the gut-liver axis and support the translational potential of IPA.By targeting profibrogenic macrophages,IPA could serve as a promising candidate for the clinical management of liver fibrosis.展开更多
Neuropathic pain is a chronic condition caused by damage or dysfunction in the nervous system.While the spleen may influence neuropathic pain,its role has been poorly understood.This study demonstrates that the spleen...Neuropathic pain is a chronic condition caused by damage or dysfunction in the nervous system.While the spleen may influence neuropathic pain,its role has been poorly understood.This study demonstrates that the spleen plays a crucial role in regulating neuropathic pain through the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis(BNST)-paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus(PVN)neural circuit in a chronic constriction injury(CCI)mouse model.Splenectomy,splenic denervation,or splenic sympathectomy significantly increased the mechanical withdrawal threshold(MWT)and reduced macrophage infiltration in the dorsal root ganglia(DRG)of CCI mice.Pseudorabies virus injections into the spleen revealed connections to the BNST and PVN in the brain.Chemogenetic inhibition of the BNST-PVN circuit increased macrophage infiltration in the DRG and decreased the MWT;these effects were reversed by splenectomy,splenic denervation,or sympathectomy.These findings underscore the critical role of the spleen,regulated by the BNST-PVN circuit,in neuropathic pain.展开更多
Objective The geriatric nutritional risk index(GNRI)is widely used for nutritional assessment.Poor nutritional status is associated with complications and poor survival in cirrhotic patients.We aimed to investigate th...Objective The geriatric nutritional risk index(GNRI)is widely used for nutritional assessment.Poor nutritional status is associated with complications and poor survival in cirrhotic patients.We aimed to investigate the value of the GNRI in predicting outcomes in cirrhotic patients.Methods This retrospective study included 420 cirrhotic patients from three centers between 2013 and 2017.Patients were divided into the high GNRI group(≥92)and low GNRI group(<92).Overall survival(OS)in the two groups was evaluated via the Kaplan‒Meier method.Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the value of the GNRI in predicting outcomes.Restricted cubic spline model was used to intuitively display the dose‒response associations between the GNRI and OS.A nomogram was constructed to predict OS.Results During the 2-year follow-up period,58(13.81%)patients died,and 262(62.38%)patients experienced episodes of complications.Compared with patients in the low GNRI group,those in the high GNRI group had lower mortality rates(18.73%vs.5.23%,P<0.001).The GNRI was an independent predictor of OS(hazard ratio[HR]=0.958,95%confidence interval[CI]0.929–0.988,P=0.007).The GNRI was associated with the cumulative incidence of ascites(HR=0.954,95%CI 0.940–0.969,P<0.001),spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(HR=0.928,95%CI 0.891–0.966,P<0.001),hepatic encephalopathy(HE;HR=0.944,95%CI 0.920–0.968,P<0.001),and hepatorenal syndrome(HRS)(HR=0.916,95%CI 0.861–0.974,P=0.005).Furthermore,6 independent factors were included to construct the nomogram for OS prediction,including GNRI,age,total bilirubin,serum sodium,history of HE and HRS.The C statistics of our model were 0.83(95%CI 0.75–0.90)and 0.80(95%CI 0.73–0.86)at 1 and 2 years,respectively.Patients whose GNRI score decreased within 3 and 6 months had poorer outcomes(P<0.001).Conclusions The lower GNRI score was associated with the higher cumulative incidence of complications and poorer OS of cirrhotic patients.The GNRI could be a helpful tool for assessing nutritional status and prognosis of these patients.展开更多
Rapid adsorption of radioactive substances is of great significance in emergency situations.A novel approach combining S-defect introduction and in situ phosphorization was employed to synthesize phosphorized WS_(2)(W...Rapid adsorption of radioactive substances is of great significance in emergency situations.A novel approach combining S-defect introduction and in situ phosphorization was employed to synthesize phosphorized WS_(2)(WS_(2)-PO_(4))for ultra-efficient uranium extraction.At an initial U(VI)concentration of 50 mg·L^(-1),the adsorption of U(VI)by WS_(2)-PO_(4) nanosheets exceeds77%within just 1 min,with high selectivity(SU=78.7%)and good adsorption capacity of 268.82 mg·g^(-1).The phosphate groups have grown on the S defects and taken part in U(VI)extraction through surface complexation,leading to fast,reusable,and highly selective uranium adsorption,showing great potential in emergency treatment of radioactive nuclear wastewater.展开更多
G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs)are the largest family of membrane proteins in eukaryotes,with nearly 800 genes coding for these proteins.They are involved in many physiological processes,such as light perception,ta...G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs)are the largest family of membrane proteins in eukaryotes,with nearly 800 genes coding for these proteins.They are involved in many physiological processes,such as light perception,taste and smell,neurotransmitter,metabolism,endocrine and exocrine,cell growth and migration.Importantly,GPCRs and their ligands are the targets of approximately one third of all marketed drugs.GPCRs are traditionally known for their role in transmitting signals from the extracellular environment to the cell's interior via the plasma membrane.However,emerging evidence suggests that GPCRs are also localized on mitochondria,where they play critical roles in modulating mitochondrial functions.These mitochondrial GPCRs(mGPCRs)can influence processes such as mitochondrial respiration,apoptosis,and reactive oxygen species(ROS)production.By interacting with mitochondrial signaling pathways,mGPCRs contribute to the regulation of energy metabolism and cell survival.Their presence on mitochondria adds a new layer of complexity to the understanding of cellular signaling,highlighting the organelle's role as not just an energy powerhouse but also a crucial hub for signal transduction.This expanding understanding of mGPCR function on mitochondria opens new avenues for research,particularly in the context of diseases where mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role.Abnormalities in the phase conductance pathway of GPCRs located on mitochondria are closely associated with the development of systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease,diabetes,obesity and Alzheimer's disease.In this review,we examined the various types of GPCRs identified on mitochondrial membranes and analyzed the complex relationships between mGPCRs and the pathogenesis of various diseases.We aim to provide a clearer understanding of the emerging significance of mGPCRs in health and disease,and to underscore their potential as therapeutic targets in the treatment of these conditions.展开更多
It has been reported that ACE2 is the main host cell receptor of 2019-nCoV and plays a crucial role in the entry of virus into the cell to cause the final infection. To investigate the potential route of 2019-n Cov in...It has been reported that ACE2 is the main host cell receptor of 2019-nCoV and plays a crucial role in the entry of virus into the cell to cause the final infection. To investigate the potential route of 2019-n Cov infection on the mucosa of oral cavity, bulk RNA-seq profiles from two public databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) and Functional Annotation of The Mammalian Genome Cap Analysis of Gene Expression(FANTOM5 CAGE) dataset were collected. RNA-seq profiling data of 13 organ types with para-carcinoma normal tissues from TCGA and 14 organ types with normal tissues from FANTOM5 CAGE were analyzed in order to explore and validate the expression of ACE2 on the mucosa of oral cavity. Further, single-cell transcriptomes from an independent data generated in-house were used to identify and confirm the ACE2-expressing cell composition and proportion in oral cavity. The results demonstrated that the ACE2 expressed on the mucosa of oral cavity. Interestingly, this receptor was highly enriched in epithelial cells of tongue. Preliminarily, those findings have explained the basic mechanism that the oral cavity is a potentially high risk for 2019-nCoV infectious susceptibility and provided a piece of evidence for the future prevention strategy in dental clinical practice as well as daily life.展开更多
With recent developments in photosensitizers and light delivery systems,topical 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) has become the fourth alternative therapeutic approach in the management of...With recent developments in photosensitizers and light delivery systems,topical 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) has become the fourth alternative therapeutic approach in the management of oral leucoplakia (OLK) due to its minimally invasive nature,efficacy,and low risk of systemic side effects and disfigurement.This report presents step-by-step guidelines for applying topical ALA-PDT in the management of OLK based on both the clinical experience of the authors and a systematic review of the current literature.Studies using protocols with standardized parameters and randomized clinical trials at multiple centres with adequate sample sizes and both interim and long-term follow-ups are needed before universally applicable guidelines can be produced in this field.展开更多
Tissue engineering has become a promising strategy for repairing damaged cartilage and bone tissue. Among the scaffolds for tissue-engineering applications, injectable hydrogels have demonstrated great potential for u...Tissue engineering has become a promising strategy for repairing damaged cartilage and bone tissue. Among the scaffolds for tissue-engineering applications, injectable hydrogels have demonstrated great potential for use as three-dimensional cell culture scaffolds in cartilage and bone tissue engineering, owing to their high water content, similarity to the natural extracellular matrix(ECM), porous framework for cell transplantation and proliferation, minimal invasive properties, and ability to match irregular defects. In this review, we describe the selection of appropriate biomaterials and fabrication methods to prepare novel injectable hydrogels for cartilage and bone tissue engineering. In addition, the biology of cartilage and the bony ECM is also summarized. Finally, future perspectives for injectable hydrogels in cartilage and bone tissue engineering are discussed.展开更多
Our previous salivary study had demonstrated an apparent T helper 2 （Th2）-predominance in saliva of oral lichen planus （OLP） patients and suggested a potential of salivary interleukin-4 （IL-4） as a biomarker for...Our previous salivary study had demonstrated an apparent T helper 2 （Th2）-predominance in saliva of oral lichen planus （OLP） patients and suggested a potential of salivary interleukin-4 （IL-4） as a biomarker for monitoring disease severity. To further determine the consistency of Th1/Th2 bias of OLP, this study investigated the expression profile of interferon-γ （IFN-γ） and IL-4 in serum and the relationship of the serum levels of these cytokines with their saliva partners. Sixty ethnic Chinese patients with OLP （40 of the erythematous/ulcerative form and 20 of the reticular form） were recruited for this study, with 40 age-sex-matched healthy volunteers as control group. IFN-γ and IL-4 levels in serum and paired saliva samples were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. OLP patient showed a low-level IFN-γ but high-level IL-4 expression profile in both serum and saliva, with a lower IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio. Serum IL-4 level in the erythematous/ulcerative group was significantly higher than that in the reticular group. Serum levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 were significantly and positively correlated with their saliva partners. These results provided more evidence for Th2 cytokine- predominant immune imbalance in OLP, as well as the potential of IL-4 as the biomarker for monitoring severity of OLP.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)elastography for differentiating between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)and pancreatic inflammatory masses(PIM).METHODS:Electronic databases(updated to ...AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)elastography for differentiating between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)and pancreatic inflammatory masses(PIM).METHODS:Electronic databases(updated to December 2012)and manual bibliographical searches were carried out.A meta-analysis of all diagnostic clinical trials evaluating the accuracy of EUS elastography in differentiating PDAC from PIM was conducted.Heterogeneity was assessed among the studies.The metaanalysis was performed to evaluate the accuracy of EUS elastography in differentiating PDAC from PIM in homogeneous studies.RESULTS:Ten studies involving 781 patients were included in the analysis.Significant heterogeneity in sensitivity was observed among the studies(Cochran Q test=24.16,df=9,P=0.0041,I2=62.8%),while heterogeneity in specificity was not observed(Cochran Q test=5.93,df=9,P=0.7473,I2=0.0%).The area under the curve under the Sports Rights Owners Coalition was 0.8227.Evaluation of heterogeneity suggested that the different diagnostic standards used in the included studies were the source of heterogeneity.In studies using the color pattern as the diagnostic standard,the pooled sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio(LR),negative LR and diagnostic OR were0.99(0.97-1.00),0.76(0.67-0.83),3.36(2.39-4.72),0.03(0.01-0.07)and 129.96(47.02-359.16),respectively.In studies using the hue histogram as the diagnostic standard,the pooled sensitivity,specificity,positive LR,negative LR and diagnostic OR were 0.92(0.89-0.95),0.68(0.57-0.78),2.84(2.05-3.93),0.12(0.08-0.19)and 24.69(12.81-47.59),respectively.CONCLUSION:EUS elastography is a valuable method for the differential diagnosis between PDAC and PIM.And a preferable diagnostic standard should be explored and improvements in specificity are required.展开更多
The complexity of oral ulcerations poses considerable diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to oral specialists.The expert consensus was conducted to summarize the diagnostic work-up for difficult and complicated oral...The complexity of oral ulcerations poses considerable diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to oral specialists.The expert consensus was conducted to summarize the diagnostic work-up for difficult and complicated oral ulcers,based on factors such as detailed clinical medical history inquiry,histopathological examination,and ulceration-related systemic diseases screening.Not only it can provide a standardized procedure of oral ulceration,but also it can improve the diagnostic efficiency,in order to avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.展开更多
Objective To evaluate a four-hour life-skills-based HIV/AIDS prevention curriculum among 5th grade students in rural primary schools of Hainan province.Methods The study included two stages.Stage one （September 2006-...Objective To evaluate a four-hour life-skills-based HIV/AIDS prevention curriculum among 5th grade students in rural primary schools of Hainan province.Methods The study included two stages.Stage one （September 2006-May 2007） was a pre-post-quasi experimental design;a total of 2 413 students aged 9 to 14 years from fifth grade classes of nine primary schools completed a baseline survey （1 720 students were in the intervention group,693 in the control group）,and over 98% of them took part in a short survey.The experimental curriculum was provided to the intervention group.At stage two （September 2008）,a cross-sectional questionnaire was administered to 6 923 students in 7th grade classes of eight middle schools in the same study sites.There were 1 437 students in the intervention group when the curriculum was conducted.Results Students tended to score higher in areas of HIV/AIDS related knowledge and attitudes,if they were younger than average,lived in the county seat,had access to the internet,and their parents had completed higher levels of education.Path analysis showed that,after controlling for characteristics such as family and community factors,the total effects of curriculum on knowledge in the short-term model increased remarkably compared with the baseline,and maintained major contributions to knowledge in the mid-term model.The positive effect of knowledge on attitudes was significantly improved in the short-term model as well.Conclusion A life-skills based curriculum can improve HIV/AIDS related knowledge and self-perceived level of life-skills among primary school students in rural areas in a short time,and these positive effects can still be observed at least 2 years post participation in the curriculum.展开更多
AIM To obtain a reference range of morphological indices and establish a formula to accurately predict standard liver volume(SLV) in Chinese adults.METHODS Computed tomography(CT)-estimated total liver volume(CTLV) wa...AIM To obtain a reference range of morphological indices and establish a formula to accurately predict standard liver volume(SLV) in Chinese adults.METHODS Computed tomography(CT)-estimated total liver volume(CTLV) was determined in 369 Chinese adults. Age,sex,body weight,body height,body mass index,and body surface area(BSA) were recorded using CT. Total splenic volume,portal venous diameter(PVD),splenic venous diameter(SVD),and portal venous cross-sectional area(PVCSA) were also measured by CT. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of each parameter on CTLV and to develop a new SLV formula. The accuracy of the new formula was compared with the existing formulas in a validation group.RESULTS The average CTLV was 1205.41 ± 257.53 cm3(range,593.80-2250.10 cm3). The average of PVD,SVD and PVCSA was 9.34 ± 1.51 mm,7.40 ± 1.31 mm and 173.22 ± 48.11 mm2,respectively. The CT-estimated splenic volume of healthy adults varied markedly(range,46.60-2892.30 cm3). Sex,age,body height,body weight,body mass index,and BSA were significantly correlated with CTLV. BSA showed the strongest correlation(r = 0.546,P < 0.001),and was used to establish a new model for calculating SLV: SLV(cm3) = 758.259 × BSA(m2)-124.272(R2 = 0.299,P < 0.001). This formula also predicted CTLV more accurately than the existing formulas,but overestimated CTLV in elderly subjects > 70 years of age,and underestimated liver volume when CTLV was > 1800 cm3.CONCLUSION Our new BSA-based formula is more accurate than other formulas in estimating SLV in Chinese adults.展开更多
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine has used the drug Pien Tze Huang(PTH),a classic prescription,to treat autoimmune hepatitis(AIH).However,the precise mode of action is still unknown.AIM To investigate the mechan...BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine has used the drug Pien Tze Huang(PTH),a classic prescription,to treat autoimmune hepatitis(AIH).However,the precise mode of action is still unknown.AIM To investigate the mechanism of PTH in an AIH mouse model by determining the changes in gut microbiota structure and memory regulatory T(mTreg)cells functional levels.METHODS Following induction of the AIH mouse model induced by Concanavalin A(Con A),prophylactic administration of PTH was given for 10 d.The levels of mTreg cells were measured by flow cytometry,and intestinal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA analysis,while western blotting was used to identify activation of the toll-like receptor(TLR)2,TLR4/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB),and CXCL16/CXCR6 signaling pathways.RESULTS In the liver of mice with AIH,PTH relieved the pathological damage and reduced the numbers of T helper type 17 cells and interferon-γ,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-2,IL-6,and IL-21 expression.Simultaneously,PTH stimulated the abundance of helpful bacteria,promoted activation of the TLR2 signal,which may enhance Treg/mTreg cells quantity to produce IL-10,and suppressed activation of the TLR4/NF-κB and CXCL16/CXCR6 signaling pathways.CONCLUSION PTH regulates intestinal microbiota balance and restores mTreg cells to alleviate experimental AIH,which is closely related to the TLR/CXCL16/CXCR6/NF-κB signaling pathway.展开更多
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)has emerged as a promising novel application for the Sixth-Generation(6G)wireless communication by leveraging more favorable Line-of-Sight(Lo S)propagation.However,the jamming resistance by...Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)has emerged as a promising novel application for the Sixth-Generation(6G)wireless communication by leveraging more favorable Line-of-Sight(Lo S)propagation.However,the jamming resistance by exploiting UAV’s mobility is a new challenge in the UAV-ground communication.This paper investigates the trajectory planning problem in an UAV communication system,where the UAV is operated by a Ground Control Unit(GCU)to perform certain tasks in the presence of multiple jammers with imperfect power and location information.To ensure the reliability of the GCU-to-UAV link,we formulate the problem as a non-convex semi-infinite optimization,aiming to maximize the average worst-case Signal-toInterference-plus-Noise Ratio(SINR)over a given flight duration by designing the robust trajectory of the UAV under stringent energy availability constraints.To handle this problem efficiently,we develop an iterative algorithm for the solution with the aid of S-procedure and Successive Convex Approximation(SCA)method.Numerous results demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed algorithm and offer some useful design insights to practical system.展开更多
In order to develop a model for screening the agonists of human β2-adrenoceptor from Chinese medicinal herbs extracts, we used a cell-based functional assay based on a common G protein-coupled receptor （GPCR） regul...In order to develop a model for screening the agonists of human β2-adrenoceptor from Chinese medicinal herbs extracts, we used a cell-based functional assay based on a common G protein-coupled receptor （GPCR） regulation mechanism and destabilized enhanced green fluorescent protein （d2EGFP） reporter gene technique. The positive cell clone was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and imaging analysis. To assess the value of this model, we screened over 2000 high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）-fractionated samples from the ethanol extracts of Chinese medicinal herbs. Six fractions （isolated from Panax japonicus, Veratrum nigrum, Phellodendron amurense, Fructus Aurantii lmmaturus, Chaenomeles speciosa, and Dictamnus dasycarpus） showed significant effects on active reporter gene expression, three of which （isolated from Phellodendron amurense, Fructus Aurantii lmmaturus, and Chaenomeles speciosa） were selected for further concentration response analysis and the half maximal effective concentration （EC1/2 max） values were 4.2, 2.7, and 4.8 μg/ml, respectively. Therefore, this reporter gene assay was suitable for screening β2-adrenoceptor agonists. The results suggest that the six herbal extracts are the possible agonists of β2-adrenoceptor.展开更多
Aim Oral lichen planush(OLP)is a chronic inflammatory disease,and has been reported to have a correlation with hepatitis Cvirus(HCV)infection in some regional investigations.In this study,we investigated the prevalenc...Aim Oral lichen planush(OLP)is a chronic inflammatory disease,and has been reported to have a correlation with hepatitis Cvirus(HCV)infection in some regional investigations.In this study,we investigated the prevalence of HCV in patients with oral lichen planus in an ethnic Chinese cohort.Methodology The antibody of HCV infection was detected by using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay.Moreover,the clinical characteristics of whole the cohort have also been studied,such as the gender,age,clinical type,habits and social factors.Results Of all 232 patients,the antibody of HCV infection was detected positive in 4 patients(1.72%)using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.It was lower than that in control group of 2.5%,but not significant(P=0.309).The positive rate of HCV antibody in the erosive type ones(4.2%)was higher than that in the reticular type ones(1.0%),but this difference was proved to be not significant(P=0.389).The clinical characteristics of whole cohort,such as the gender,age,clinical type,habits and social factors,showed the outcome obtained in the present study were similar to thao of our previous study.Conclusion HCV may play no etiological role in oral lichen planus in ethnic Chinese OLP patients.展开更多
Objective:To explore whether the ethanol extract of Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall(EHC),a Xizang medicinal plant traditionally used for treating liver diseases,can improve imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflamm...Objective:To explore whether the ethanol extract of Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall(EHC),a Xizang medicinal plant traditionally used for treating liver diseases,can improve imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation.Methods:Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were used to determine the effects of topical EHC use in vivo on the skin pathology of imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice.The protein levels of interferon-γ(IFN-γ),tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a),and interleukin-17A(IL-17A)in mouse skin samples were examined using immunohistochemical staining.In vitro,IFN-γ-induced HaCaT cells with or without EHC treatment were used to evaluate the expression of keratinocyte-derived intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)and chemokine CXC ligand 9(CXCL9)using Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide and proteasome inhibitor MG132 were utilized to validate the EHC-mediated mechanism underlying degradation of ICAM-1 and CXCL9.Results:EHC improved inflammation in the imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse model and reduced the levels of IFN-γ,TNF-a,and IL-17A in psoriatic lesions.Treatment with EHC also suppressed ICAM-1 and CXCL9 in epidermal keratinocytes.Further mechanistic studies revealed that EHC suppressed keratinocyte-derived ICAM-1 and CXCL9 by promoting ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated protein degradation rather than transcriptional repression.Seven primary compounds including ehletianol C,dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol,herpetrione,herpetin,herpetotriol,herpetetrone and herpetetrol were identified from the EHC using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry.Conclusion:Topical application of EHC ameliorates psoriasis-like skin symptoms and improves the inflammation at the lesion sites.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20445)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(202206080009)。
文摘Radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis(OM)is a common oral complication in patients with tumors following head and neck radiotherapy or chemotherapy.Erosion and ulcers are the main features of OM that seriously affect the quality of life of patients and even the progress of tumor treatment.To date,differences in clinical prevention and treatment plans for OM have been noted among doctors of various specialties,which has increased the uncertainty of treatment effects.On the basis of current research evidence,this expert consensus outlines risk factors,clinical manifestations,clinical grading,ancillary examinations,diagnostic basis,prevention and treatment strategies and efficacy indicators for OM.In addition to strategies such as basic oral care,antiinflammatory and analgesic agents,anti-infective agents,pro-healing agents,and photobiotherapy recommended in previous guidelines,we also emphasize the role of traditional Chinese medicine in OM prevention and treatment.This expert consensus aims to provide references and guidance for dental physicians and oncologists in formulating strategies for OM prevention,diagnosis,and treatment,standardizing clinical practice,reducing OM occurrence,promoting healing,and improving the quality of life of patients.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC2507500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82470661,82070616,82270636,82100608,82300607)+1 种基金the New Quality Clinical Specialties of High-end Medical Disciplinary Construction in Pudong New Area(2025-PWXZ-04)the Talent Plan of the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission for Academic Leaders(2022XD028).
文摘Gut-derived metabolites are essential for liver fibrogenesis.The aim of this study was to determine the alteration of indole-3-propionic acid(IPA),a crucial tryptophan metabolite,in liver fibrosis and delineate the roles of enterogenic IPA in fibrogenesis.In the present study,metabolomics assays focused on tryptophan metabolism were applied to explore the decreased levels of IPA in the feces and serum of cirrhotic patients,as well as in the feces and portal vein serum of fibrotic mice.Oral IPA administration exerted strong antifibrotic effects with favorable biosafety in three fibrotic models via multicellular modulation.Multiplex immunohistochemical staining and DAOSLIMIT imaging demonstrated that gut-derived IPA was directly captured by hepatic macrophages.Macrophage-specific AhR knockout blocked the antifibrotic effect of IPA,while the therapeutic efficacy was maintained in mice with HSC-or hepatocyte-specific AhR depletion.Furthermore,IPA governed macrophage recruitment,S100A8/A9+phenotype transformation and profibrotic and proinflammatory functions,resulting in amelioration of hepatic fibrogenesis.Mechanistically,IPA targeted the AhR/NF-κB/S100A8/A9 axis and AhR/SPHK2/S1P signaling to inhibit the profibrotic biological characteristics of macrophages and subsequently interrupted the profibrogenic crosstalk between macrophages and hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)in coculture systems and 3D liver spheroid models.These findings increase the understanding of the effects of enterogenic tryptophan metabolites on liver fibrogenesis via the gut-liver axis and support the translational potential of IPA.By targeting profibrogenic macrophages,IPA could serve as a promising candidate for the clinical management of liver fibrosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82201549)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(220100579)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021B1515120050 and 2023A1515110107).
文摘Neuropathic pain is a chronic condition caused by damage or dysfunction in the nervous system.While the spleen may influence neuropathic pain,its role has been poorly understood.This study demonstrates that the spleen plays a crucial role in regulating neuropathic pain through the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis(BNST)-paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus(PVN)neural circuit in a chronic constriction injury(CCI)mouse model.Splenectomy,splenic denervation,or splenic sympathectomy significantly increased the mechanical withdrawal threshold(MWT)and reduced macrophage infiltration in the dorsal root ganglia(DRG)of CCI mice.Pseudorabies virus injections into the spleen revealed connections to the BNST and PVN in the brain.Chemogenetic inhibition of the BNST-PVN circuit increased macrophage infiltration in the DRG and decreased the MWT;these effects were reversed by splenectomy,splenic denervation,or sympathectomy.These findings underscore the critical role of the spleen,regulated by the BNST-PVN circuit,in neuropathic pain.
基金supported by grants from the Joint Tackling Project of Pudong Health Committee of Shanghai(PW2022D08)Medical Discipline Construction Project of Pudong Health Committee of Shanghai(PWZxq2022-6)+1 种基金Health and Family Planning Research Project of Pudong Health Committee of Shanghai(PW2021A-38)Youth Scientific Research Cultivation Fund Project of Shanghai Oriental Hospital(DFPY2022020).
文摘Objective The geriatric nutritional risk index(GNRI)is widely used for nutritional assessment.Poor nutritional status is associated with complications and poor survival in cirrhotic patients.We aimed to investigate the value of the GNRI in predicting outcomes in cirrhotic patients.Methods This retrospective study included 420 cirrhotic patients from three centers between 2013 and 2017.Patients were divided into the high GNRI group(≥92)and low GNRI group(<92).Overall survival(OS)in the two groups was evaluated via the Kaplan‒Meier method.Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the value of the GNRI in predicting outcomes.Restricted cubic spline model was used to intuitively display the dose‒response associations between the GNRI and OS.A nomogram was constructed to predict OS.Results During the 2-year follow-up period,58(13.81%)patients died,and 262(62.38%)patients experienced episodes of complications.Compared with patients in the low GNRI group,those in the high GNRI group had lower mortality rates(18.73%vs.5.23%,P<0.001).The GNRI was an independent predictor of OS(hazard ratio[HR]=0.958,95%confidence interval[CI]0.929–0.988,P=0.007).The GNRI was associated with the cumulative incidence of ascites(HR=0.954,95%CI 0.940–0.969,P<0.001),spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(HR=0.928,95%CI 0.891–0.966,P<0.001),hepatic encephalopathy(HE;HR=0.944,95%CI 0.920–0.968,P<0.001),and hepatorenal syndrome(HRS)(HR=0.916,95%CI 0.861–0.974,P=0.005).Furthermore,6 independent factors were included to construct the nomogram for OS prediction,including GNRI,age,total bilirubin,serum sodium,history of HE and HRS.The C statistics of our model were 0.83(95%CI 0.75–0.90)and 0.80(95%CI 0.73–0.86)at 1 and 2 years,respectively.Patients whose GNRI score decreased within 3 and 6 months had poorer outcomes(P<0.001).Conclusions The lower GNRI score was associated with the higher cumulative incidence of complications and poorer OS of cirrhotic patients.The GNRI could be a helpful tool for assessing nutritional status and prognosis of these patients.
基金supported by the National Key Laboratory of Uranium Resources Exploration-Mining and Nuclear Remote Sensing(No.2024QZ-KF-05)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U24A20194,22366006)+2 种基金Key R&D Program of Jiangxi Province(No.20243BBG71020)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi province(Nos.20224BAB213027,20242BAB20109)the Academic and Technical Leaders Training Program of Jiangxi Province(Nos.20212BCJL23046,20212BCJL23047)。
文摘Rapid adsorption of radioactive substances is of great significance in emergency situations.A novel approach combining S-defect introduction and in situ phosphorization was employed to synthesize phosphorized WS_(2)(WS_(2)-PO_(4))for ultra-efficient uranium extraction.At an initial U(VI)concentration of 50 mg·L^(-1),the adsorption of U(VI)by WS_(2)-PO_(4) nanosheets exceeds77%within just 1 min,with high selectivity(SU=78.7%)and good adsorption capacity of 268.82 mg·g^(-1).The phosphate groups have grown on the S defects and taken part in U(VI)extraction through surface complexation,leading to fast,reusable,and highly selective uranium adsorption,showing great potential in emergency treatment of radioactive nuclear wastewater.
基金supported the Fund of Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(Grant No.:2024YFFK0393)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS,Grant No.:2019-I2M-5-004).
文摘G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs)are the largest family of membrane proteins in eukaryotes,with nearly 800 genes coding for these proteins.They are involved in many physiological processes,such as light perception,taste and smell,neurotransmitter,metabolism,endocrine and exocrine,cell growth and migration.Importantly,GPCRs and their ligands are the targets of approximately one third of all marketed drugs.GPCRs are traditionally known for their role in transmitting signals from the extracellular environment to the cell's interior via the plasma membrane.However,emerging evidence suggests that GPCRs are also localized on mitochondria,where they play critical roles in modulating mitochondrial functions.These mitochondrial GPCRs(mGPCRs)can influence processes such as mitochondrial respiration,apoptosis,and reactive oxygen species(ROS)production.By interacting with mitochondrial signaling pathways,mGPCRs contribute to the regulation of energy metabolism and cell survival.Their presence on mitochondria adds a new layer of complexity to the understanding of cellular signaling,highlighting the organelle's role as not just an energy powerhouse but also a crucial hub for signal transduction.This expanding understanding of mGPCR function on mitochondria opens new avenues for research,particularly in the context of diseases where mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role.Abnormalities in the phase conductance pathway of GPCRs located on mitochondria are closely associated with the development of systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease,diabetes,obesity and Alzheimer's disease.In this review,we examined the various types of GPCRs identified on mitochondrial membranes and analyzed the complex relationships between mGPCRs and the pathogenesis of various diseases.We aim to provide a clearer understanding of the emerging significance of mGPCRs in health and disease,and to underscore their potential as therapeutic targets in the treatment of these conditions.
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81520108009,81991502,81771081,and 81991500)the 111 Project of MOE(B14038),China.
文摘It has been reported that ACE2 is the main host cell receptor of 2019-nCoV and plays a crucial role in the entry of virus into the cell to cause the final infection. To investigate the potential route of 2019-n Cov infection on the mucosa of oral cavity, bulk RNA-seq profiles from two public databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) and Functional Annotation of The Mammalian Genome Cap Analysis of Gene Expression(FANTOM5 CAGE) dataset were collected. RNA-seq profiling data of 13 organ types with para-carcinoma normal tissues from TCGA and 14 organ types with normal tissues from FANTOM5 CAGE were analyzed in order to explore and validate the expression of ACE2 on the mucosa of oral cavity. Further, single-cell transcriptomes from an independent data generated in-house were used to identify and confirm the ACE2-expressing cell composition and proportion in oral cavity. The results demonstrated that the ACE2 expressed on the mucosa of oral cavity. Interestingly, this receptor was highly enriched in epithelial cells of tongue. Preliminarily, those findings have explained the basic mechanism that the oral cavity is a potentially high risk for 2019-nCoV infectious susceptibility and provided a piece of evidence for the future prevention strategy in dental clinical practice as well as daily life.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81572663, 81621062, 81730030, 81771081 and 81520108009)the 111 Project of MOE (B14038), Chinathe National Health Planning Commission of China (201502018)
文摘With recent developments in photosensitizers and light delivery systems,topical 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) has become the fourth alternative therapeutic approach in the management of oral leucoplakia (OLK) due to its minimally invasive nature,efficacy,and low risk of systemic side effects and disfigurement.This report presents step-by-step guidelines for applying topical ALA-PDT in the management of OLK based on both the clinical experience of the authors and a systematic review of the current literature.Studies using protocols with standardized parameters and randomized clinical trials at multiple centres with adequate sample sizes and both interim and long-term follow-ups are needed before universally applicable guidelines can be produced in this field.
基金supported by NSFC (nos 61471168, 61571187,61301043,and 61527806)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016T90403)the Economical Forest Cultivation and Utilization of 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center in Hunan Province [(2013)448]
文摘Tissue engineering has become a promising strategy for repairing damaged cartilage and bone tissue. Among the scaffolds for tissue-engineering applications, injectable hydrogels have demonstrated great potential for use as three-dimensional cell culture scaffolds in cartilage and bone tissue engineering, owing to their high water content, similarity to the natural extracellular matrix(ECM), porous framework for cell transplantation and proliferation, minimal invasive properties, and ability to match irregular defects. In this review, we describe the selection of appropriate biomaterials and fabrication methods to prepare novel injectable hydrogels for cartilage and bone tissue engineering. In addition, the biology of cartilage and the bony ECM is also summarized. Finally, future perspectives for injectable hydrogels in cartilage and bone tissue engineering are discussed.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30930100, 81072218, 81200791, 81321002 and 81300882)the Doctoral Program of the Ministry of Education of China (No. 20110181110055 and 20120181120011)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (No. cstc2013jcyjA10042)
文摘Our previous salivary study had demonstrated an apparent T helper 2 （Th2）-predominance in saliva of oral lichen planus （OLP） patients and suggested a potential of salivary interleukin-4 （IL-4） as a biomarker for monitoring disease severity. To further determine the consistency of Th1/Th2 bias of OLP, this study investigated the expression profile of interferon-γ （IFN-γ） and IL-4 in serum and the relationship of the serum levels of these cytokines with their saliva partners. Sixty ethnic Chinese patients with OLP （40 of the erythematous/ulcerative form and 20 of the reticular form） were recruited for this study, with 40 age-sex-matched healthy volunteers as control group. IFN-γ and IL-4 levels in serum and paired saliva samples were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. OLP patient showed a low-level IFN-γ but high-level IL-4 expression profile in both serum and saliva, with a lower IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio. Serum IL-4 level in the erythematous/ulcerative group was significantly higher than that in the reticular group. Serum levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 were significantly and positively correlated with their saliva partners. These results provided more evidence for Th2 cytokine- predominant immune imbalance in OLP, as well as the potential of IL-4 as the biomarker for monitoring severity of OLP.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81070347,30971346 and 81000167
文摘AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)elastography for differentiating between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)and pancreatic inflammatory masses(PIM).METHODS:Electronic databases(updated to December 2012)and manual bibliographical searches were carried out.A meta-analysis of all diagnostic clinical trials evaluating the accuracy of EUS elastography in differentiating PDAC from PIM was conducted.Heterogeneity was assessed among the studies.The metaanalysis was performed to evaluate the accuracy of EUS elastography in differentiating PDAC from PIM in homogeneous studies.RESULTS:Ten studies involving 781 patients were included in the analysis.Significant heterogeneity in sensitivity was observed among the studies(Cochran Q test=24.16,df=9,P=0.0041,I2=62.8%),while heterogeneity in specificity was not observed(Cochran Q test=5.93,df=9,P=0.7473,I2=0.0%).The area under the curve under the Sports Rights Owners Coalition was 0.8227.Evaluation of heterogeneity suggested that the different diagnostic standards used in the included studies were the source of heterogeneity.In studies using the color pattern as the diagnostic standard,the pooled sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio(LR),negative LR and diagnostic OR were0.99(0.97-1.00),0.76(0.67-0.83),3.36(2.39-4.72),0.03(0.01-0.07)and 129.96(47.02-359.16),respectively.In studies using the hue histogram as the diagnostic standard,the pooled sensitivity,specificity,positive LR,negative LR and diagnostic OR were 0.92(0.89-0.95),0.68(0.57-0.78),2.84(2.05-3.93),0.12(0.08-0.19)and 24.69(12.81-47.59),respectively.CONCLUSION:EUS elastography is a valuable method for the differential diagnosis between PDAC and PIM.And a preferable diagnostic standard should be explored and improvements in specificity are required.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundations of China(No.U19A2005,81771081,81870775)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(2019-12M-5-004,2020-I2M-C&T-A-023)。
文摘The complexity of oral ulcerations poses considerable diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to oral specialists.The expert consensus was conducted to summarize the diagnostic work-up for difficult and complicated oral ulcers,based on factors such as detailed clinical medical history inquiry,histopathological examination,and ulceration-related systemic diseases screening.Not only it can provide a standardized procedure of oral ulceration,but also it can improve the diagnostic efficiency,in order to avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.
基金supported by Ministry of Health of China "AIDS prevention and cure application project,WA2005-11"
文摘Objective To evaluate a four-hour life-skills-based HIV/AIDS prevention curriculum among 5th grade students in rural primary schools of Hainan province.Methods The study included two stages.Stage one （September 2006-May 2007） was a pre-post-quasi experimental design;a total of 2 413 students aged 9 to 14 years from fifth grade classes of nine primary schools completed a baseline survey （1 720 students were in the intervention group,693 in the control group）,and over 98% of them took part in a short survey.The experimental curriculum was provided to the intervention group.At stage two （September 2008）,a cross-sectional questionnaire was administered to 6 923 students in 7th grade classes of eight middle schools in the same study sites.There were 1 437 students in the intervention group when the curriculum was conducted.Results Students tended to score higher in areas of HIV/AIDS related knowledge and attitudes,if they were younger than average,lived in the county seat,had access to the internet,and their parents had completed higher levels of education.Path analysis showed that,after controlling for characteristics such as family and community factors,the total effects of curriculum on knowledge in the short-term model increased remarkably compared with the baseline,and maintained major contributions to knowledge in the mid-term model.The positive effect of knowledge on attitudes was significantly improved in the short-term model as well.Conclusion A life-skills based curriculum can improve HIV/AIDS related knowledge and self-perceived level of life-skills among primary school students in rural areas in a short time,and these positive effects can still be observed at least 2 years post participation in the curriculum.
文摘AIM To obtain a reference range of morphological indices and establish a formula to accurately predict standard liver volume(SLV) in Chinese adults.METHODS Computed tomography(CT)-estimated total liver volume(CTLV) was determined in 369 Chinese adults. Age,sex,body weight,body height,body mass index,and body surface area(BSA) were recorded using CT. Total splenic volume,portal venous diameter(PVD),splenic venous diameter(SVD),and portal venous cross-sectional area(PVCSA) were also measured by CT. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of each parameter on CTLV and to develop a new SLV formula. The accuracy of the new formula was compared with the existing formulas in a validation group.RESULTS The average CTLV was 1205.41 ± 257.53 cm3(range,593.80-2250.10 cm3). The average of PVD,SVD and PVCSA was 9.34 ± 1.51 mm,7.40 ± 1.31 mm and 173.22 ± 48.11 mm2,respectively. The CT-estimated splenic volume of healthy adults varied markedly(range,46.60-2892.30 cm3). Sex,age,body height,body weight,body mass index,and BSA were significantly correlated with CTLV. BSA showed the strongest correlation(r = 0.546,P < 0.001),and was used to establish a new model for calculating SLV: SLV(cm3) = 758.259 × BSA(m2)-124.272(R2 = 0.299,P < 0.001). This formula also predicted CTLV more accurately than the existing formulas,but overestimated CTLV in elderly subjects > 70 years of age,and underestimated liver volume when CTLV was > 1800 cm3.CONCLUSION Our new BSA-based formula is more accurate than other formulas in estimating SLV in Chinese adults.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81603402,82060798,81860791the Special Fund Project for Graduate Innovation of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,No.JZYC22S77+3 种基金a Special Fund Project for Graduate Innovation of Jiangxi Province,No.YC2022-s840,YC2022-B188Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Innovation Team Development Program,No.CXTD22008the Young and Middle-aged Backbone Talent Project of Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.[2020]05Young Qhuang Scholars support Project of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.[2022]256.
文摘BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine has used the drug Pien Tze Huang(PTH),a classic prescription,to treat autoimmune hepatitis(AIH).However,the precise mode of action is still unknown.AIM To investigate the mechanism of PTH in an AIH mouse model by determining the changes in gut microbiota structure and memory regulatory T(mTreg)cells functional levels.METHODS Following induction of the AIH mouse model induced by Concanavalin A(Con A),prophylactic administration of PTH was given for 10 d.The levels of mTreg cells were measured by flow cytometry,and intestinal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA analysis,while western blotting was used to identify activation of the toll-like receptor(TLR)2,TLR4/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB),and CXCL16/CXCR6 signaling pathways.RESULTS In the liver of mice with AIH,PTH relieved the pathological damage and reduced the numbers of T helper type 17 cells and interferon-γ,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-2,IL-6,and IL-21 expression.Simultaneously,PTH stimulated the abundance of helpful bacteria,promoted activation of the TLR2 signal,which may enhance Treg/mTreg cells quantity to produce IL-10,and suppressed activation of the TLR4/NF-κB and CXCL16/CXCR6 signaling pathways.CONCLUSION PTH regulates intestinal microbiota balance and restores mTreg cells to alleviate experimental AIH,which is closely related to the TLR/CXCL16/CXCR6/NF-κB signaling pathway.
文摘Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)has emerged as a promising novel application for the Sixth-Generation(6G)wireless communication by leveraging more favorable Line-of-Sight(Lo S)propagation.However,the jamming resistance by exploiting UAV’s mobility is a new challenge in the UAV-ground communication.This paper investigates the trajectory planning problem in an UAV communication system,where the UAV is operated by a Ground Control Unit(GCU)to perform certain tasks in the presence of multiple jammers with imperfect power and location information.To ensure the reliability of the GCU-to-UAV link,we formulate the problem as a non-convex semi-infinite optimization,aiming to maximize the average worst-case Signal-toInterference-plus-Noise Ratio(SINR)over a given flight duration by designing the robust trajectory of the UAV under stringent energy availability constraints.To handle this problem efficiently,we develop an iterative algorithm for the solution with the aid of S-procedure and Successive Convex Approximation(SCA)method.Numerous results demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed algorithm and offer some useful design insights to practical system.
基金Project (No. 30873103) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In order to develop a model for screening the agonists of human β2-adrenoceptor from Chinese medicinal herbs extracts, we used a cell-based functional assay based on a common G protein-coupled receptor （GPCR） regulation mechanism and destabilized enhanced green fluorescent protein （d2EGFP） reporter gene technique. The positive cell clone was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and imaging analysis. To assess the value of this model, we screened over 2000 high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）-fractionated samples from the ethanol extracts of Chinese medicinal herbs. Six fractions （isolated from Panax japonicus, Veratrum nigrum, Phellodendron amurense, Fructus Aurantii lmmaturus, Chaenomeles speciosa, and Dictamnus dasycarpus） showed significant effects on active reporter gene expression, three of which （isolated from Phellodendron amurense, Fructus Aurantii lmmaturus, and Chaenomeles speciosa） were selected for further concentration response analysis and the half maximal effective concentration （EC1/2 max） values were 4.2, 2.7, and 4.8 μg/ml, respectively. Therefore, this reporter gene assay was suitable for screening β2-adrenoceptor agonists. The results suggest that the six herbal extracts are the possible agonists of β2-adrenoceptor.
基金supported by grants from the National Science Funds for Talented Professionals(No.30725041)the National Basic Research Program of China(2008CB517307,2006CB504303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30300387,30471891,30672323)
文摘Aim Oral lichen planush(OLP)is a chronic inflammatory disease,and has been reported to have a correlation with hepatitis Cvirus(HCV)infection in some regional investigations.In this study,we investigated the prevalence of HCV in patients with oral lichen planus in an ethnic Chinese cohort.Methodology The antibody of HCV infection was detected by using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay.Moreover,the clinical characteristics of whole the cohort have also been studied,such as the gender,age,clinical type,habits and social factors.Results Of all 232 patients,the antibody of HCV infection was detected positive in 4 patients(1.72%)using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.It was lower than that in control group of 2.5%,but not significant(P=0.309).The positive rate of HCV antibody in the erosive type ones(4.2%)was higher than that in the reticular type ones(1.0%),but this difference was proved to be not significant(P=0.389).The clinical characteristics of whole cohort,such as the gender,age,clinical type,habits and social factors,showed the outcome obtained in the present study were similar to thao of our previous study.Conclusion HCV may play no etiological role in oral lichen planus in ethnic Chinese OLP patients.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82174202,No.32270407 and No.82074428)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2022NSFSC0726)+2 种基金Innovative Team Projects of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health(Grant No.2022CX001)Innovation Foundation of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University(Grant No.CDFYCX202209)Major Research and Development Plan of Xizang Autonomous Region(Grant No.XZ202201ZY0031G).
文摘Objective:To explore whether the ethanol extract of Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall(EHC),a Xizang medicinal plant traditionally used for treating liver diseases,can improve imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation.Methods:Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were used to determine the effects of topical EHC use in vivo on the skin pathology of imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice.The protein levels of interferon-γ(IFN-γ),tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a),and interleukin-17A(IL-17A)in mouse skin samples were examined using immunohistochemical staining.In vitro,IFN-γ-induced HaCaT cells with or without EHC treatment were used to evaluate the expression of keratinocyte-derived intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)and chemokine CXC ligand 9(CXCL9)using Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide and proteasome inhibitor MG132 were utilized to validate the EHC-mediated mechanism underlying degradation of ICAM-1 and CXCL9.Results:EHC improved inflammation in the imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse model and reduced the levels of IFN-γ,TNF-a,and IL-17A in psoriatic lesions.Treatment with EHC also suppressed ICAM-1 and CXCL9 in epidermal keratinocytes.Further mechanistic studies revealed that EHC suppressed keratinocyte-derived ICAM-1 and CXCL9 by promoting ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated protein degradation rather than transcriptional repression.Seven primary compounds including ehletianol C,dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol,herpetrione,herpetin,herpetotriol,herpetetrone and herpetetrol were identified from the EHC using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry.Conclusion:Topical application of EHC ameliorates psoriasis-like skin symptoms and improves the inflammation at the lesion sites.
