Background:The level of premature deaths(deaths among those aged 30-69 years)caused by cancer is an important indicator of evaluating the level of cancer prevention and control.However,the current burden and temporal ...Background:The level of premature deaths(deaths among those aged 30-69 years)caused by cancer is an important indicator of evaluating the level of cancer prevention and control.However,the current burden and temporal trends in cancer-related premature deaths,and their impact on life expectancy at the global,regional,and national levels are not clear.Methods:Cancer mortality data for 185 countries were obtained from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database.High-quality cancer mortality data and national population statistics for 47 countries were extracted from the United Nations and national cancer registry databases,covering the period 2003-2022.Countries were classified based on the human development index(HDI).The death probability,the year of life lost(YLL),and the potential gain in life expectancy(PGLE)attributable to premature deaths from site-specific and all-cancers combined were calculated.Results:Globally,the probability of premature cancer deaths was 6.49%(95%UI 6.49-6.50).The YLLs caused by cancer-related premature death were 163.86 million(95%UI 163.70-164.03),constituting 65.58%of the total cancer-related YLLs.The PGLEs were 1.16 years(95%UI 1.16-1.16).The premature death probability increased with higher HDI levels in men,but decreased in women.Cancer-related premature deaths as a proportion of total cancer deaths varied from 18.31%(95%UI 18.20-18.43)in Japan to 84.44%(95%UI 76.10-91.16)in São Toméand Príncipe.Lung cancer was the leading cause of cancer-related premature deaths in men,and breast cancer ranked first in women.By eradicating premature deaths attributable to lung,liver,colorectal,and stomach cancer in men,and to breast,cervical,and lung cancer in women,0.55 years(95%UI 0.55-0.55)and 0.49 years(95%UI 0.49-0.49)of PGLEs could be achieved,accounting for 48.67%and 42.24%of the total PGLEs,respectively.Cancer-related premature deaths decreased significantly in 38 countries during 2003-2022(P<0.05).The probability of premature cancer-related deaths decreased by more than 15.50%from 2015 to 2022 in 16 countries.Conclusions:Cancer-related premature deaths declined in many countries,with 16 of them having achieved the expected reduction by 2022.The current burden of cancer-related premature deaths is profound but varies around the world.Eliminating premature deaths from major cancer types could substantially increase life expectancy,underscoring the importance of prevention and treatment efforts for these cancers.展开更多
针对目前缺乏水稻钵苗多株根系交织于基质形成独立钵体复合体基础模型研究的问题,同时为后续开展水稻钵苗移栽机构栽植过程探究机械-钵体互作规律提供理论基础,本文依据水稻钵苗根系物理机械特性与生长规律,提出了一种基于Matlab根系数...针对目前缺乏水稻钵苗多株根系交织于基质形成独立钵体复合体基础模型研究的问题,同时为后续开展水稻钵苗移栽机构栽植过程探究机械-钵体互作规律提供理论基础,本文依据水稻钵苗根系物理机械特性与生长规律,提出了一种基于Matlab根系数值模拟生长的水稻钵苗钵体复合体离散元模型建立方法。通过破坏性检测对移栽期水稻钵苗根系的几何形态与根系拓扑关系及基质相关参数进行测量与分析,结合钵盘边界因素及根-根、根-钵盘间交互生长特性,建立水稻根系生长规律相关特性函数,并通过Matlab程序设计获取水稻钵苗根系生长拓扑轨迹。利用分割排序法求解完整粒子中心坐标,依托EDEM软件平台分别将所建立的水稻钵苗根-基质离散元几何模型与EdinBurgh Elasto-Plastic Adhesion with Bonding接触力学模型结合,实现水稻钵苗钵体复合体离散元模型的建立。开展水稻钵苗钵体压缩和剪切试验对比研究,结果表明,仿真结果与试验结果趋向保持一致,误差满足相关要求,验证了水稻钵苗钵体复合体离散元模型的可行性。展开更多
本文旨在报道1例猫鼻神经内分泌恶性肿瘤的病理和免疫组化特征。4岁雄性英国短毛猫,在他院按肺炎治疗一个月未见好转遂转至本院,检查发现鼻部肿块,手术活检取鼻腔肿块进行组织病理学和免疫组化检查。组织病理学结果显示肿瘤细胞大小形...本文旨在报道1例猫鼻神经内分泌恶性肿瘤的病理和免疫组化特征。4岁雄性英国短毛猫,在他院按肺炎治疗一个月未见好转遂转至本院,检查发现鼻部肿块,手术活检取鼻腔肿块进行组织病理学和免疫组化检查。组织病理学结果显示肿瘤细胞大小形态不一,异型性明显,细胞核多呈泡状,且已侵袭至周围组织;免疫组化结果显示神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron specific enolase,NSE)、突触素(synaptophysin,Syn)、血管活性肠肽(vasoactive intestinal peptide,VIP)、CD99(cluster of differentiation 99,CD99)呈阳性。根据实验室检查、组织病理学以及免疫组化结果,最后诊断为鼻神经内分泌恶性肿瘤,更倾向于低分化神经内分泌癌(neuroendocrine carcinoma,NEC)。本病例可为诊断该肿瘤并与其他鼻腔肿瘤相区分提供参考依据。展开更多
近年来,随着高速铁路的迅速发展,全国高速铁路运营总里程及高速动车组数量不断增加。高速动车组是复杂程度最高、运行速度最快的地面运输装备。为保障动车组安全稳定运行,减小故障率和维修成本,应引入动车组故障预测与健康管理(Prognost...近年来,随着高速铁路的迅速发展,全国高速铁路运营总里程及高速动车组数量不断增加。高速动车组是复杂程度最高、运行速度最快的地面运输装备。为保障动车组安全稳定运行,减小故障率和维修成本,应引入动车组故障预测与健康管理(Prognostics and Health Management,PHM)的智能运维体系到动车组全寿命周期管理。本文对轨道交通领域PHM系统现状及特征进行了梳理,详细分析了动车组车载PHM系统的需求和关键功能。针对动车组内部组件众多、结构复杂,PHM系统面对的数据体量巨大、数据格式多样、难以实现对数据实时处理与数据存储的问题,本文提出了基于“边缘—中心”分布式架构的高速动车组车载故障预测与健康管理平台,并对该架构的业务逻辑和解决方案框架进行了阐述。展开更多
基金supported by the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(CFH2024-2G-40214)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-011,2021-I2M-1-061).
文摘Background:The level of premature deaths(deaths among those aged 30-69 years)caused by cancer is an important indicator of evaluating the level of cancer prevention and control.However,the current burden and temporal trends in cancer-related premature deaths,and their impact on life expectancy at the global,regional,and national levels are not clear.Methods:Cancer mortality data for 185 countries were obtained from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database.High-quality cancer mortality data and national population statistics for 47 countries were extracted from the United Nations and national cancer registry databases,covering the period 2003-2022.Countries were classified based on the human development index(HDI).The death probability,the year of life lost(YLL),and the potential gain in life expectancy(PGLE)attributable to premature deaths from site-specific and all-cancers combined were calculated.Results:Globally,the probability of premature cancer deaths was 6.49%(95%UI 6.49-6.50).The YLLs caused by cancer-related premature death were 163.86 million(95%UI 163.70-164.03),constituting 65.58%of the total cancer-related YLLs.The PGLEs were 1.16 years(95%UI 1.16-1.16).The premature death probability increased with higher HDI levels in men,but decreased in women.Cancer-related premature deaths as a proportion of total cancer deaths varied from 18.31%(95%UI 18.20-18.43)in Japan to 84.44%(95%UI 76.10-91.16)in São Toméand Príncipe.Lung cancer was the leading cause of cancer-related premature deaths in men,and breast cancer ranked first in women.By eradicating premature deaths attributable to lung,liver,colorectal,and stomach cancer in men,and to breast,cervical,and lung cancer in women,0.55 years(95%UI 0.55-0.55)and 0.49 years(95%UI 0.49-0.49)of PGLEs could be achieved,accounting for 48.67%and 42.24%of the total PGLEs,respectively.Cancer-related premature deaths decreased significantly in 38 countries during 2003-2022(P<0.05).The probability of premature cancer-related deaths decreased by more than 15.50%from 2015 to 2022 in 16 countries.Conclusions:Cancer-related premature deaths declined in many countries,with 16 of them having achieved the expected reduction by 2022.The current burden of cancer-related premature deaths is profound but varies around the world.Eliminating premature deaths from major cancer types could substantially increase life expectancy,underscoring the importance of prevention and treatment efforts for these cancers.
文摘针对目前缺乏水稻钵苗多株根系交织于基质形成独立钵体复合体基础模型研究的问题,同时为后续开展水稻钵苗移栽机构栽植过程探究机械-钵体互作规律提供理论基础,本文依据水稻钵苗根系物理机械特性与生长规律,提出了一种基于Matlab根系数值模拟生长的水稻钵苗钵体复合体离散元模型建立方法。通过破坏性检测对移栽期水稻钵苗根系的几何形态与根系拓扑关系及基质相关参数进行测量与分析,结合钵盘边界因素及根-根、根-钵盘间交互生长特性,建立水稻根系生长规律相关特性函数,并通过Matlab程序设计获取水稻钵苗根系生长拓扑轨迹。利用分割排序法求解完整粒子中心坐标,依托EDEM软件平台分别将所建立的水稻钵苗根-基质离散元几何模型与EdinBurgh Elasto-Plastic Adhesion with Bonding接触力学模型结合,实现水稻钵苗钵体复合体离散元模型的建立。开展水稻钵苗钵体压缩和剪切试验对比研究,结果表明,仿真结果与试验结果趋向保持一致,误差满足相关要求,验证了水稻钵苗钵体复合体离散元模型的可行性。
文摘本文旨在报道1例猫鼻神经内分泌恶性肿瘤的病理和免疫组化特征。4岁雄性英国短毛猫,在他院按肺炎治疗一个月未见好转遂转至本院,检查发现鼻部肿块,手术活检取鼻腔肿块进行组织病理学和免疫组化检查。组织病理学结果显示肿瘤细胞大小形态不一,异型性明显,细胞核多呈泡状,且已侵袭至周围组织;免疫组化结果显示神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron specific enolase,NSE)、突触素(synaptophysin,Syn)、血管活性肠肽(vasoactive intestinal peptide,VIP)、CD99(cluster of differentiation 99,CD99)呈阳性。根据实验室检查、组织病理学以及免疫组化结果,最后诊断为鼻神经内分泌恶性肿瘤,更倾向于低分化神经内分泌癌(neuroendocrine carcinoma,NEC)。本病例可为诊断该肿瘤并与其他鼻腔肿瘤相区分提供参考依据。
文摘近年来,随着高速铁路的迅速发展,全国高速铁路运营总里程及高速动车组数量不断增加。高速动车组是复杂程度最高、运行速度最快的地面运输装备。为保障动车组安全稳定运行,减小故障率和维修成本,应引入动车组故障预测与健康管理(Prognostics and Health Management,PHM)的智能运维体系到动车组全寿命周期管理。本文对轨道交通领域PHM系统现状及特征进行了梳理,详细分析了动车组车载PHM系统的需求和关键功能。针对动车组内部组件众多、结构复杂,PHM系统面对的数据体量巨大、数据格式多样、难以实现对数据实时处理与数据存储的问题,本文提出了基于“边缘—中心”分布式架构的高速动车组车载故障预测与健康管理平台,并对该架构的业务逻辑和解决方案框架进行了阐述。
