Soybean is a main crop, and most agronomic traits of soybean are quantitative; therefore, there is vely important studying and applying value to locating these traits. A F2：10 RIL population containing 154 lines, der...Soybean is a main crop, and most agronomic traits of soybean are quantitative; therefore, there is vely important studying and applying value to locating these traits. A F2：10 RIL population containing 154 lines, derived from the cross between Charleston as female and Dongnong 594 as male parent, were used in this experiment. A genetic linkage map was constructed with 164 SSR primers, which were screened with the two parents and amplified on the 154 lines. 12 agronomic traits different between the two parents were investigated, and QTLs of all the traits were analyzed using the software Windows QTL Cartographer V2.0. The agronomic traits included quality traits： protein content, oil content, and content of protein and oil; yield traits： pods per plant, seed weight per plant, and 100 seeds weight; and other agronomic traits： plant height, days to maturity, branches, nod number in main stem, average leaf length, and average leaf width. The results showed that 68 QTLs in total were found for the 12 agronomic traits. The number of QTLs per trait varied from 3 for the average leaf width to 11 for 100 seeds weight and plant height, and was 5.8 on average. Good accordance was seen in many QTLs between the results of this study and the results obtained by other similar studies; therefore, these QTLs may be valuable for molecular marker assistant selection in soybean. In this study, 68 major QTLs of 12 important traits of soybean were analyzed.展开更多
Glycogen synthase kinase 3(GSK3)is a kind of sedne/threonine kinase widely found in eukaryotes.Many plant GSK3 kinases play important roles in regulating stress responses.This study investigated BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENS...Glycogen synthase kinase 3(GSK3)is a kind of sedne/threonine kinase widely found in eukaryotes.Many plant GSK3 kinases play important roles in regulating stress responses.This study investigated BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 2(GmBIN2)gene,a member of the GSK3 protein kinase family in soybean and an orthologue of Arabidopsis BIN2/AtSK21.GmBIN2 expression was increased by salt and drought stresses,but was not significantly affected by the ABA treatment.To examine the function of GrnBIN2,transgenic Arabidopsis and transgenic soybean hairy roots were generated.Overexpression of GmBIN2 in Arabidopsis resulted in increased germination rate and root length compared with wild-type plants under salt and mannitol treatments.Overexpression of GmBIN2 increased cellular Ca2~content and reduced Na~content,enhancing salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants.In the soybean hairy root assay,overexpression of GmBIN2 in transgenic roots also showed significantly higher relative root growth rate than the control when subjected to salt and mannitol treatments.Measurement of physiological indicators,including proline content,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,and relative electrical conductivity,supported this conclusion.Furthermore,we also found that GmBIN2 could up-regulate the expression of some stress-related genes in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean hairy roots.Overall,these results indicated that GmBIN2 improved tolerance to salt and drought in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean hairy roots.展开更多
Soybean is a global principal source of edible plant oil. As more soybean oil-related quantitative trait loci(QTLs) have been located in the collective genome, it is urgent to establish a classification system for the...Soybean is a global principal source of edible plant oil. As more soybean oil-related quantitative trait loci(QTLs) have been located in the collective genome, it is urgent to establish a classification system for these distributed QTLs. A collinear platform may be useful to characterize and identify relationships among QTLs as well as aid in novel gene discovery. In this study, the collinearity MCScan X algorithm and collective soybean genomic information were used to construct collinearity blocks, to which soybean oil-related QTLs were mapped. The results demonstrated that 666 collinearity blocks were detected in the soybean genome across 20 chromosomes, and 521 collinearity relationships existed in 231 of the 242 effective soybean oil-related QTLs. This included 214 inclusion relationships and 307 intersecting relationships. Among them, the collinearity among QTLs that are related to soybean oil content was shown on a maximum of seven chromosomes and minimum of one chromosome, with the majority of QTLs having collinearity on two chromosomes. Using overlapping hotspot regions in the soybean oil QTLs with collinearity, we mined for novel oil content-related genes. Overall, we identified 23 putatively functional genes associated with oil content in soybean and annotated them using a number of annotation databases. Our findings provide a valuable framework for elucidating evolutionary relationships between soybean oil-related QTLs and lay a foundation for functional marker-assisted breeding relating to soybean oil content.展开更多
Soil-borne pathogen Phytophthora sojae is an oomycete that causes devastating damage to soybean yield. To mine original resistant genes in soybean is an effective and environmentally-friend approach controlling the di...Soil-borne pathogen Phytophthora sojae is an oomycete that causes devastating damage to soybean yield. To mine original resistant genes in soybean is an effective and environmentally-friend approach controlling the disease. In this study, soybean proteins were extracted from the first trifoliolates infected by predominant P. sojae race 1 and analyzed by twodimensional gel electrophoresis. Nineteen differently-expressed protein spots were detected, and 10 of them were further applied for Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry Assay. One protein containing a dirigent （DIR） domain was identified and belonged to the DIR-b/d family. Therefore, it was named as GmDRR1 （Glycine max Disease Resistance Response 1）. Then, GmDRR1 gene was pathologically confirmed to be involved in the resistant to P. sojae in soybean. GmDRR1-GFP （green fluorescent protein） fusion proteins localized in the cell membrane. qRTPCR results showed GmDRR1 gene expressed differently in P. sojae resistant- and susceptible-soybean cultivars. By the promoter analysis, we found a haplotype H8 was existing in most resistant soybean varieties, while a haplotype H77 was existing in most susceptible soybean varieties. The H77 haplotype had seven SNPs （C to A, G to C, C to A, T to A, T to C, T to C, and T to A） and two single nucleotide insertions. The results supported that the expression difference of GmDRR1 genes between P. sojae resistant- and susceptible-soybean cultivars might depend on the GmDRR1 promoter SNPs. The results suggested that GmDRR1 was a dirigent protein involved in soybean resistant to P. sojae and paved a novel way for investigation of the molecular regulatory mechanism of the defense response to P. sojae in soybean.展开更多
Soluble sugar content in seeds is an important quality trait of soybean. In this study, 57 quantitative trait loci(QTLs) related to soluble sugar contents in soybean seeds were collected from databases and published p...Soluble sugar content in seeds is an important quality trait of soybean. In this study, 57 quantitative trait loci(QTLs) related to soluble sugar contents in soybean seeds were collected from databases and published papers. After meta-overview-collinearity integrated analysis to refine QTL intervals, eight consensus QTLs were identified. To further verify the consensus QTLs, a population of chromosome segment substitution lines(CSSLs) was analyzed. Two lines containing fragments covering the regions of consensus QTLs and the recurrent parent were selected: one line showed high soluble sugar contents associated with a consensus QTL fragment, and the other line showed low soluble sugar contents. Transcriptome sequencing was conducted for these two lines at the early, middle, and late stages of seed development, which identified 158, 109 and 329 differentially expressed genes, respectively. Based on the analyses of re-sequencing data of the CSSLs and the consensus QTL region, three candidate genes(Glyma.19 G146800, Glyma.19 G122500, and Glyma.19 G128500) were identified in the genetic fragments introduced from wild soybean. Sequence comparisons between the two CSSL parents SN14 and ZYD00006 revealed a single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) mutation in the coding sequence of Glyma.19 G122500, causing a nonsynonymous mutation in the amino acid sequence that affected the predicted protein structure. A Kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP) marker was developed based on this SNP and used to evaluate the CSSLs. These results lay the foundation for further research to identify genes related to soluble sugar contents in soybean seeds and for future soybean breeding.展开更多
Soybean is one of the most important food crops worldwide.Like other legumes,soybean can form symbiotic relationships with Rhizobium species.Nitrogen fixation of soybean via its symbiosis with Rhizobium is pivotal for...Soybean is one of the most important food crops worldwide.Like other legumes,soybean can form symbiotic relationships with Rhizobium species.Nitrogen fixation of soybean via its symbiosis with Rhizobium is pivotal for sustainable agriculture.Type Ⅲ effectors(T3Es)are essential regulators of the establishment of the symbiosis,and nodule number is a feature of nitrogen-affected nodulation.However,genes encoding T3Es at quantitative trait loci(QTLs)related to nodulation have rarely been identified.Chromosome segment substitution lines(CSSLs)have a common genetic background but only a few loci with heterogeneous genetic information;thus,they are suitable materials for identifying candidate genes at a target locus.In this study,a CSSL population was used to identify the QTLs related to nodule number in soybean.Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers and candidate genes within the QTLs interval were detected,and it was determined which genes showed differential expression between isolines.Four candidate genes(GmCDPK28,GmNAC1,GmbHLH,and GmERF5)linked to the SNPs were identified as being related to nodule traits and pivotal processes and pathways involved in symbiosis establishment.A candidate gene(GmERF5)encoding a transcription factor that may interact directly with the T3E NopAA was identified.The confirmed CSSLs with important segments and candidate genes identified in this study are valuable resources for further studies on the genetic network and T3Es involved in the signaling pathway that is essential for symbiosis establishment.展开更多
文摘Soybean is a main crop, and most agronomic traits of soybean are quantitative; therefore, there is vely important studying and applying value to locating these traits. A F2：10 RIL population containing 154 lines, derived from the cross between Charleston as female and Dongnong 594 as male parent, were used in this experiment. A genetic linkage map was constructed with 164 SSR primers, which were screened with the two parents and amplified on the 154 lines. 12 agronomic traits different between the two parents were investigated, and QTLs of all the traits were analyzed using the software Windows QTL Cartographer V2.0. The agronomic traits included quality traits： protein content, oil content, and content of protein and oil; yield traits： pods per plant, seed weight per plant, and 100 seeds weight; and other agronomic traits： plant height, days to maturity, branches, nod number in main stem, average leaf length, and average leaf width. The results showed that 68 QTLs in total were found for the 12 agronomic traits. The number of QTLs per trait varied from 3 for the average leaf width to 11 for 100 seeds weight and plant height, and was 5.8 on average. Good accordance was seen in many QTLs between the results of this study and the results obtained by other similar studies; therefore, these QTLs may be valuable for molecular marker assistant selection in soybean. In this study, 68 major QTLs of 12 important traits of soybean were analyzed.
基金supported by the funding from the Creative Research Groups of Heilongjiang Province of China(JC2016004)the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0100201-21)+1 种基金the Project of Outstanding Academic Leaders in Harbin,China(2015RQXXJ018)the China Agriculture Collaborative Creation Research System of Miscellaneous Grain Crops
文摘Glycogen synthase kinase 3(GSK3)is a kind of sedne/threonine kinase widely found in eukaryotes.Many plant GSK3 kinases play important roles in regulating stress responses.This study investigated BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 2(GmBIN2)gene,a member of the GSK3 protein kinase family in soybean and an orthologue of Arabidopsis BIN2/AtSK21.GmBIN2 expression was increased by salt and drought stresses,but was not significantly affected by the ABA treatment.To examine the function of GrnBIN2,transgenic Arabidopsis and transgenic soybean hairy roots were generated.Overexpression of GmBIN2 in Arabidopsis resulted in increased germination rate and root length compared with wild-type plants under salt and mannitol treatments.Overexpression of GmBIN2 increased cellular Ca2~content and reduced Na~content,enhancing salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants.In the soybean hairy root assay,overexpression of GmBIN2 in transgenic roots also showed significantly higher relative root growth rate than the control when subjected to salt and mannitol treatments.Measurement of physiological indicators,including proline content,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,and relative electrical conductivity,supported this conclusion.Furthermore,we also found that GmBIN2 could up-regulate the expression of some stress-related genes in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean hairy roots.Overall,these results indicated that GmBIN2 improved tolerance to salt and drought in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean hairy roots.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFD0100500, 2016YFD0100300, 2016YFD0100201-21)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31701449, 31471516, 31401465, 31400074, 31501332)+7 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province, China (QC2017013)the Young Innovative Talent Training Plan of Undergraduate Colleges and Universities in Heilongjiang Province, China (UNPYSCT-2016144)the Special Financial Aid to Postdoctor Research Fellow in Heilongjiang, China (To Qi Zhaoming)the Heilongjiang Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists, China (JC2016004)the Outstanding Academic Leaders Projects of Harbin, China (2015RQXXJ018)the China Post Doctoral Project (2015M581419)the Dongnongxuezhe Project, China (to Chen Qingshan)the Young Talent Project of Northeast Agricultural University, China (to Qi Zhaoming, 518062)
文摘Soybean is a global principal source of edible plant oil. As more soybean oil-related quantitative trait loci(QTLs) have been located in the collective genome, it is urgent to establish a classification system for these distributed QTLs. A collinear platform may be useful to characterize and identify relationships among QTLs as well as aid in novel gene discovery. In this study, the collinearity MCScan X algorithm and collective soybean genomic information were used to construct collinearity blocks, to which soybean oil-related QTLs were mapped. The results demonstrated that 666 collinearity blocks were detected in the soybean genome across 20 chromosomes, and 521 collinearity relationships existed in 231 of the 242 effective soybean oil-related QTLs. This included 214 inclusion relationships and 307 intersecting relationships. Among them, the collinearity among QTLs that are related to soybean oil content was shown on a maximum of seven chromosomes and minimum of one chromosome, with the majority of QTLs having collinearity on two chromosomes. Using overlapping hotspot regions in the soybean oil QTLs with collinearity, we mined for novel oil content-related genes. Overall, we identified 23 putatively functional genes associated with oil content in soybean and annotated them using a number of annotation databases. Our findings provide a valuable framework for elucidating evolutionary relationships between soybean oil-related QTLs and lay a foundation for functional marker-assisted breeding relating to soybean oil content.
基金financially supported by the Academic Skeleton Support Plan of Department of Education of Heilongjiang Province,China (1254G011)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271747,31471516,31400074,31401465,31501332)+3 种基金the National High-Tech R&D Program of China (the 863 Program,2013AA102602)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20122325120015)the Academic Backbone Project of Northeast Agricultural University,China (15XG02)the Talented Young Project of Northeast Agricultural University,China (518062)
文摘Soil-borne pathogen Phytophthora sojae is an oomycete that causes devastating damage to soybean yield. To mine original resistant genes in soybean is an effective and environmentally-friend approach controlling the disease. In this study, soybean proteins were extracted from the first trifoliolates infected by predominant P. sojae race 1 and analyzed by twodimensional gel electrophoresis. Nineteen differently-expressed protein spots were detected, and 10 of them were further applied for Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry Assay. One protein containing a dirigent （DIR） domain was identified and belonged to the DIR-b/d family. Therefore, it was named as GmDRR1 （Glycine max Disease Resistance Response 1）. Then, GmDRR1 gene was pathologically confirmed to be involved in the resistant to P. sojae in soybean. GmDRR1-GFP （green fluorescent protein） fusion proteins localized in the cell membrane. qRTPCR results showed GmDRR1 gene expressed differently in P. sojae resistant- and susceptible-soybean cultivars. By the promoter analysis, we found a haplotype H8 was existing in most resistant soybean varieties, while a haplotype H77 was existing in most susceptible soybean varieties. The H77 haplotype had seven SNPs （C to A, G to C, C to A, T to A, T to C, T to C, and T to A） and two single nucleotide insertions. The results supported that the expression difference of GmDRR1 genes between P. sojae resistant- and susceptible-soybean cultivars might depend on the GmDRR1 promoter SNPs. The results suggested that GmDRR1 was a dirigent protein involved in soybean resistant to P. sojae and paved a novel way for investigation of the molecular regulatory mechanism of the defense response to P. sojae in soybean.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701449,31971968,31971899,and 31501332)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang,China(QC2017013)+7 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0100500,2016YFD0100300 and 2016YFD0100201-21)the Special Financial Aid to PostDoctor Research Fellow in Heilongjiang,China(LBHTZ1714)the International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Council(20180004)the China Post Doctoral Project,China(2015M581419)the Post-Doctoral Project of Northeast Agricultural University,China(NEAUBH-19002)the Heilongjiang Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists,China(JC2016004 and JC2017006)the Dongnongxuezhe Project,China(to Chen Qingshan)the the Backbone of Young Talent Scholar Project(to Qi Zhaoming,18XG01)of Northeast Agricultural University,China。
文摘Soluble sugar content in seeds is an important quality trait of soybean. In this study, 57 quantitative trait loci(QTLs) related to soluble sugar contents in soybean seeds were collected from databases and published papers. After meta-overview-collinearity integrated analysis to refine QTL intervals, eight consensus QTLs were identified. To further verify the consensus QTLs, a population of chromosome segment substitution lines(CSSLs) was analyzed. Two lines containing fragments covering the regions of consensus QTLs and the recurrent parent were selected: one line showed high soluble sugar contents associated with a consensus QTL fragment, and the other line showed low soluble sugar contents. Transcriptome sequencing was conducted for these two lines at the early, middle, and late stages of seed development, which identified 158, 109 and 329 differentially expressed genes, respectively. Based on the analyses of re-sequencing data of the CSSLs and the consensus QTL region, three candidate genes(Glyma.19 G146800, Glyma.19 G122500, and Glyma.19 G128500) were identified in the genetic fragments introduced from wild soybean. Sequence comparisons between the two CSSL parents SN14 and ZYD00006 revealed a single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) mutation in the coding sequence of Glyma.19 G122500, causing a nonsynonymous mutation in the amino acid sequence that affected the predicted protein structure. A Kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP) marker was developed based on this SNP and used to evaluate the CSSLs. These results lay the foundation for further research to identify genes related to soluble sugar contents in soybean seeds and for future soybean breeding.
基金received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070274,32072014 and 31971899)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M681072)+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation for the Excellent Youth Scholars of Heilongjiang Province,China(YQ2019C008)the Europe Horizon 2020(EUCLEG and 727312)the Youth Science and Technology Innovation Leader,China(2018RA2172)the National Key Research&Development Program of China(2016YFD0100500,2016YFD0100300 and 2016YFD0100201)the Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Science Foundation,China(LBH-Q16014)。
文摘Soybean is one of the most important food crops worldwide.Like other legumes,soybean can form symbiotic relationships with Rhizobium species.Nitrogen fixation of soybean via its symbiosis with Rhizobium is pivotal for sustainable agriculture.Type Ⅲ effectors(T3Es)are essential regulators of the establishment of the symbiosis,and nodule number is a feature of nitrogen-affected nodulation.However,genes encoding T3Es at quantitative trait loci(QTLs)related to nodulation have rarely been identified.Chromosome segment substitution lines(CSSLs)have a common genetic background but only a few loci with heterogeneous genetic information;thus,they are suitable materials for identifying candidate genes at a target locus.In this study,a CSSL population was used to identify the QTLs related to nodule number in soybean.Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers and candidate genes within the QTLs interval were detected,and it was determined which genes showed differential expression between isolines.Four candidate genes(GmCDPK28,GmNAC1,GmbHLH,and GmERF5)linked to the SNPs were identified as being related to nodule traits and pivotal processes and pathways involved in symbiosis establishment.A candidate gene(GmERF5)encoding a transcription factor that may interact directly with the T3E NopAA was identified.The confirmed CSSLs with important segments and candidate genes identified in this study are valuable resources for further studies on the genetic network and T3Es involved in the signaling pathway that is essential for symbiosis establishment.
