Objective:The objective is to investigate the effect of five‑animal frolics on anxiety and depression of hospitalized inpatients.Materials and Methods:Totally 50 inpatients from departments of Internal Medicine,Surger...Objective:The objective is to investigate the effect of five‑animal frolics on anxiety and depression of hospitalized inpatients.Materials and Methods:Totally 50 inpatients from departments of Internal Medicine,Surgery and General Medicine with hospital admission date between January 2019 and July 2020 were included.All patients exercise five‑animal frolics under the professional guidance of the nurse in charge.The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS)was used to assess the conditions of anxiety and depression of patients before and after taking five‑animal frolics exercise.Results:The overall score of anxiety patients was significantly lower after five‑animal frolics exercise than before[6.0(5.0,8.0)vs.10.0(8.0,12.0),Z=‑5.466,P<0.001];the overall depression score of patients was significantly lower after five‑animal frolics exercise than before[6.5(4.0,8.0)vs.10.0(8.0,14.0),Z=‑5.175,P<0.001].There were 26(52.0%)very effective cases after exercise,16(32.0%)effective cases,8(16.0%)invalid cases,and the effective rate was 84.0%Conclusion:Taking five‑animal frolics exercise can improve anxiety and depression of inpatients.展开更多
This study was designed to explore the prevalence of fibrovascular proliferation not regressed in zone Ⅱ stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)after initial intravitreal ranibizumab(IVR)injections and to explore the...This study was designed to explore the prevalence of fibrovascular proliferation not regressed in zone Ⅱ stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)after initial intravitreal ranibizumab(IVR)injections and to explore the possible influence factors.Fifty-seven patients(108 eyes)with ROP who underwent intravitreal injection of ranibizumab between January 2013 and July 2014 participated in the retrospective study.Based on regress of fibrovascular tissue or not after initial injections of ranibizumab,eligible eyes were divided into two groups.Data was collected and analyzed with SPSS 16.0.In the study,108 eyes of 57 patients(18 females,39 males)underwent initial intravitreal injection.The mean birth weight was 1,440.0±357.7 g and the mean gestational age was 30.5±2.0 weeks.Eight of 57(14.0%)patients showed unfavorable fibrovascular proliferation after initial ranibizumab treatment within 2 weeks.Among them,11 eyes were controlled by further laser treatment and 3 eyes underwent vitrectomy.The difference of occurrence rate in hemorrhage between the two groups was significant(P<0.030),and the unfavorable group required more laser treatment(P<0.001).The incidence of unfavorable fibrovascular proliferation was relatively high,and intraocular hemorrhage was possibly associated with the progress in zone Ⅱ stage 3 ROP after initial IVR injection.展开更多
Background:Cisplatin(DDP)has been used in the treatment of various human cancers.However,DDP alone lacks efficacy in treating triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),and its clinical application is often hampered by side ...Background:Cisplatin(DDP)has been used in the treatment of various human cancers.However,DDP alone lacks efficacy in treating triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),and its clinical application is often hampered by side effects.Astragalus polysaccharide(APS)is one of the active components extracted from Astragalus membranaceus and has gained attention for its various biological properties.This research is aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of APS and DDP on TNBC and explore the potential mechanisms.Methods:The efficacy and mechanisms of single or combined treatment were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK8)assay,Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)/propidium iodide(PI)staining,wound healing assay,trans-well invasion/migration assay,hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,immunohistochemical(IHC)staining,Western Blot(WB)analysis,and fluorescence-activated cell sorting(FACS).An orthotopic model of TNBC was used to assess the in vivo treatment efficacy of single or combination treatment.Results:APS significantly enhanced the anti-proliferative,anti-migratory,and anti-invasive effects of DDP on TNBC cells.The combination of APS and DDP downregulated anti-apoptotic genes(Bcl2 and Bcl-xL)while upregulating pro-apoptotic genes(Puma,Cle-Caspase3,Cle-PARP),leading to enhanced apoptosis.This combination treatment increased E-cadherin levels,decreased Vimentin,Snail,Slug,and Twist levels,and effectively suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-associated cell invasion.In the orthotopic model of TNBC,a synergistic reduction in tumor growth was observed in mice treated with APS and DDP.Additionally,the combination of APS and DDP induced the infiltration of CD8+T lymphocytes into the tumor immune microenvironment.Conclusion:The combination of APS and DDP exhibits more potent tumor inhibition and anti-tumor immunity than either agent alone,representing a novel approach to enhance therapeutic efficacy without increasing the side effects of DDP.展开更多
Short stature is among the most common endocrinological disease phenotypes of childhood and may occur as an isolated finding or in conjunction with other clinical manifestations.Although the diagnostic utility of clin...Short stature is among the most common endocrinological disease phenotypes of childhood and may occur as an isolated finding or in conjunction with other clinical manifestations.Although the diagnostic utility of clinical genetic testing in short stature has been implicated,the genetic architecture and the utility of genomic studies such as exome sequencing(ES)in a sizable cohort of patients with short stature have not been investigated systematically.In this study,we recruited 561 individuals with short stature from two centers in China during a 4-year period.We performed ES for all patients and available parents.All patients were retrospectively divided into two groups:an isolated short stature group(group I,n=257)and an apparently syndromic short stature group(group II,n=304).Causal variants were identified in 135 of 561(24.1%)patients.In group I,29 of 257(11.3%)of the patients were solved by variants in 24 genes.In group II,106 of 304(34.9%)patients were solved by variants in 57 genes.Genes involved in fundamental cellularprocess played an important role in the genetic architecture of syndromic short stature.Distinct genetic architectures and pathophysiological processes underlie isolated and syndromic short stature.展开更多
Let G be a connected graph on n vertices with chromatic number k, and let ρ（G） be the distance signless Laplacian spectral radius of G. We show that ρ（G） ≥ 2n ＋ 2[n/k] - 4, with equality if and only if G is a...Let G be a connected graph on n vertices with chromatic number k, and let ρ（G） be the distance signless Laplacian spectral radius of G. We show that ρ（G） ≥ 2n ＋ 2[n/k] - 4, with equality if and only if G is a regular Turan graph.展开更多
Vector structured beams(VSBs)offer infinite eigenstates and open up new possibilities for highcapacity optical and quantum communications by the multiplexing of the states.Therefore,the sorting and measuring of VSBs a...Vector structured beams(VSBs)offer infinite eigenstates and open up new possibilities for highcapacity optical and quantum communications by the multiplexing of the states.Therefore,the sorting and measuring of VSBs are extremely important.However,the efficient manipulations of a large number of VSBs have simultaneously remained challenging up to now,especially in integrated optical systems.Here,we propose a compact spin-multiplexed diffractive metasurface capable of continuously sorting and detecting arbitrary VSBs through spatial intensity separation.By introducing a diffractive optical neural network with cascaded metasurface systems,we demonstrate arbitrary VSBs sorters that can simultaneously identify Laguerre–Gaussian modes(l=−4 to 4,p=1 to 4),Hermitian–Gaussian modes(m=1 to 4,n=1 to 3),and Bessel–Gaussian modes(l=1 to 12).Such a sorter for arbitrary VSBs could revolutionize applications in integrated and high-dimensional optical communication systems.展开更多
The aim of this study was to explore the role of autophagy in response to blue light damage in aged mice and in human retinal pigmented epithelium(hRPE) cells. Blue light damage to the retina was induced in 10-month-o...The aim of this study was to explore the role of autophagy in response to blue light damage in aged mice and in human retinal pigmented epithelium(hRPE) cells. Blue light damage to the retina was induced in 10-month-old(10 mo) C57 mice and hRPE cells. Flash electroretinography was used to assess retinal function. Retinal structure changes were observed by electron microscopy. Western blot was conducted to determine the expression levels of the following proteins: cleaved caspase-3, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK), autophagy marker light chain 3(LC3), P62, and Beclin-1. On day 1 after light damage to the 10 mo mice, retinal function was changed. The latent periods of awave and b-wave were delayed, and amplitude was reduced. The electron microscopy results revealed mitochondria damage in the retinal pigmented epithelium and a disorganized photoreceptor outer segment(OS). PERK, LC3, and Beclin-1 were upregulated, whereas P62 was not. On day 5 after the blue light damage, restoration of electroretinography and OS was observed.PERK, LC3, and Beclin-1 were downregulated, whereas P62 was not. Protein changes in vitro were consistent with in vivo. The present study provided structural and functional evidence that autophagy plays an important role in the response to blue lightinduced retinal damage.展开更多
With the popularity and development of artificial intelligence(AI),disease screening systems based on AI algorithms are gradually emerging in the medical field.Such systems can be used for primary screening of disease...With the popularity and development of artificial intelligence(AI),disease screening systems based on AI algorithms are gradually emerging in the medical field.Such systems can be used for primary screening of diseases to relieve the pressure on primary health care.In recent years,AI algorithms have demonstrated good performance in the analysis and identification of lesion signs in the macular region of fundus color photography,and a screening system for fundus lesion signs applicable to primary screening is bound to emerge in the future.Therefore,to standardize the design and clinical application of macular region lesion sign screening systems based on AI algorithms,the Ocular Fundus Diseases Group of Chinese Ophthalmological Society,in collaboration with relevant experts,developed this guideline after investigating issues,discussing production evidence,and holding guideline workshops.It aimed to establish uniform standards for the definition of the macular region and lesion signs,AI adoption scenarios,algorithm model construction,dataset establishment and labeling,architecture and function design,and image data acquisition for the screening system to guide the implementation of the screening work.展开更多
Post-translational modifications(PTM)are covalent modifications of proteins or peptides caused by proteolytic cleavage or the attachment of moieties to one or more amino acids.PTMs play essential roles in biological f...Post-translational modifications(PTM)are covalent modifications of proteins or peptides caused by proteolytic cleavage or the attachment of moieties to one or more amino acids.PTMs play essential roles in biological function and regulation and have been linked with several diseases.Modifications of protein acylation(Kac),a type of PTM,are known to induce epigenetic regulatory processes that promote various diseases.Thus,an increasing number of studies focusing on acylation modifications are being undertaken.Butyrylation(Kbu)is a new acylation process found in animals and plants.Kbu has been recently linked to the onset and progression of several diseases,such as cancer,cardiovascular diseases,diabetes,and vascular dementia.Moreover,the mode of action of certain drugs used in the treatment of lymphoma and colon cancer is based on the regulation of butyrylation levels,suggesting that butyrylation may play a therapeutic role in these diseases.In addition,butyrylation is also commonly involved in rice gene expression and thus plays an important role in the growth,development,and metabolism of rice.The tools and analytical methods that could be utilized for the prediction and detection of lysine butyrylation have also been investigated.This study reviews the potential role of histone Kbu,as well as the mechanisms underlying this process.It also summarizes various enzymes and analytical methods associated with Kbu,with the goal of providing new insights into the role of Kbu in gene regulation and diseases.展开更多
In the context of green development,the use of solar cells with renewable and environment-friendly characteristics has been rapidly growing.There has been a continuous search for materials that can enhance their perfo...In the context of green development,the use of solar cells with renewable and environment-friendly characteristics has been rapidly growing.There has been a continuous search for materials that can enhance their performance.Black phosphorus,a new type of semiconductor material,has garnered significant attention due to its distinctive properties,particularly its direct band gap with tunable layers and high optoelectronic efficiency.This review summarizes the properties of black-phosphorus-based materials and focuses on their use as doping materials in various components of solar cells,such as the electron transport layer,hole transport layer,active layer,etc.The current challenges faced by black phosphorus materials and outlook on their future development have also been discussed.展开更多
A subsidiary role of electrochemical neutralization energy(ENE)stored in waste acid/base presents a sustainable and economically viable solution for the production of value-added chemicals and saving energy.Here we de...A subsidiary role of electrochemical neutralization energy(ENE)stored in waste acid/base presents a sustainable and economically viable solution for the production of value-added chemicals and saving energy.Here we demonstrate a pH-asymmetric electrolyzer with a bipolar membrane to realize sustainable and efficient electrocatalytic methane oxidation coupling with hydrogen production at a low energy cost.This approach affords a C1/molecule production rate of up to 2.6 mmol g_(NiO) ^(-1) h^(-1)with simultaneous H_(2) production at a potential as low as 1.4 V.Furthermore,the electrocatalyst achieves sustained catalysis at 1 mA for over 24 h with lower operation voltage by 700 mV under auxiliary ENE supply,which means the cell electricity manner would enable an energy elimination of 36.9%energy saving comparing with state-of-the-art electrolyzers.In situ Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculation reveal the catalytic mechanism of the important role of Ni^(III)–O∙–Ni^(III)–O–for the electrochemical methane oxidation(EOM).Meanwhile,the pH-asymmetric integrated cell with simulated and complex waste acid-base solutions showcases a lower voltage of 1.62 V at 1 mA applied current with the same catalysts.Additionally,the device demonstrates negligible degradation at 10 mA cm^(−2),suggesting high overall durability for EOM.Techno-economic evaluation is also conducted to present the energy-saving and profit advantages with less oxygen evolution reaction(OER)competition.This work opens a pathway for prospective applications for the production of commodity chemicals simultaneously in one electrolyzer,which can even turn waste acid and base into resources.展开更多
This study aims to measure the space charge of extremely thick insulating systems,such as full-scale ultrahigh-voltage cables and joint boxes,with high accuracy using the pulse electroacoustic method.The proposed meth...This study aims to measure the space charge of extremely thick insulating systems,such as full-scale ultrahigh-voltage cables and joint boxes,with high accuracy using the pulse electroacoustic method.The proposed method employs an electrically insulating acoustic coupler to improve acoustic matching.Additionally,a metallic backing with high acoustic impedance is applied to upgrade the sensitivity to almost five times that of conventional measuring systems.However,the proposed structure requires an extremely thick backing material to avoid multiple reflections when the specimen thickens.In this study,a backing structure that combines a thin polymer plate with an air layer is proposed.Because multiple reflections are not returned from the air layer,the backing structure can be designed to be extremely small,thereby maintaining high sensitivity.This advantage is verified experimentally.展开更多
基金Changping District Health Science and Technology Development special funds(No.2018‑4‑08)Beijing Changping Nankou Hospital.
文摘Objective:The objective is to investigate the effect of five‑animal frolics on anxiety and depression of hospitalized inpatients.Materials and Methods:Totally 50 inpatients from departments of Internal Medicine,Surgery and General Medicine with hospital admission date between January 2019 and July 2020 were included.All patients exercise five‑animal frolics under the professional guidance of the nurse in charge.The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS)was used to assess the conditions of anxiety and depression of patients before and after taking five‑animal frolics exercise.Results:The overall score of anxiety patients was significantly lower after five‑animal frolics exercise than before[6.0(5.0,8.0)vs.10.0(8.0,12.0),Z=‑5.466,P<0.001];the overall depression score of patients was significantly lower after five‑animal frolics exercise than before[6.5(4.0,8.0)vs.10.0(8.0,14.0),Z=‑5.175,P<0.001].There were 26(52.0%)very effective cases after exercise,16(32.0%)effective cases,8(16.0%)invalid cases,and the effective rate was 84.0%Conclusion:Taking five‑animal frolics exercise can improve anxiety and depression of inpatients.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.81470649).
文摘This study was designed to explore the prevalence of fibrovascular proliferation not regressed in zone Ⅱ stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)after initial intravitreal ranibizumab(IVR)injections and to explore the possible influence factors.Fifty-seven patients(108 eyes)with ROP who underwent intravitreal injection of ranibizumab between January 2013 and July 2014 participated in the retrospective study.Based on regress of fibrovascular tissue or not after initial injections of ranibizumab,eligible eyes were divided into two groups.Data was collected and analyzed with SPSS 16.0.In the study,108 eyes of 57 patients(18 females,39 males)underwent initial intravitreal injection.The mean birth weight was 1,440.0±357.7 g and the mean gestational age was 30.5±2.0 weeks.Eight of 57(14.0%)patients showed unfavorable fibrovascular proliferation after initial ranibizumab treatment within 2 weeks.Among them,11 eyes were controlled by further laser treatment and 3 eyes underwent vitrectomy.The difference of occurrence rate in hemorrhage between the two groups was significant(P<0.030),and the unfavorable group required more laser treatment(P<0.001).The incidence of unfavorable fibrovascular proliferation was relatively high,and intraocular hemorrhage was possibly associated with the progress in zone Ⅱ stage 3 ROP after initial IVR injection.
基金the Xuzhou Science and Technology Bureau,No.KC23186,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy Project(No.XZSYSKF2023013)Key Medical Disciplines of Jiangsu Province’s 14th Five-Year Plan(ZDXK202237).
文摘Background:Cisplatin(DDP)has been used in the treatment of various human cancers.However,DDP alone lacks efficacy in treating triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),and its clinical application is often hampered by side effects.Astragalus polysaccharide(APS)is one of the active components extracted from Astragalus membranaceus and has gained attention for its various biological properties.This research is aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of APS and DDP on TNBC and explore the potential mechanisms.Methods:The efficacy and mechanisms of single or combined treatment were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK8)assay,Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)/propidium iodide(PI)staining,wound healing assay,trans-well invasion/migration assay,hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,immunohistochemical(IHC)staining,Western Blot(WB)analysis,and fluorescence-activated cell sorting(FACS).An orthotopic model of TNBC was used to assess the in vivo treatment efficacy of single or combination treatment.Results:APS significantly enhanced the anti-proliferative,anti-migratory,and anti-invasive effects of DDP on TNBC cells.The combination of APS and DDP downregulated anti-apoptotic genes(Bcl2 and Bcl-xL)while upregulating pro-apoptotic genes(Puma,Cle-Caspase3,Cle-PARP),leading to enhanced apoptosis.This combination treatment increased E-cadherin levels,decreased Vimentin,Snail,Slug,and Twist levels,and effectively suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-associated cell invasion.In the orthotopic model of TNBC,a synergistic reduction in tumor growth was observed in mice treated with APS and DDP.Additionally,the combination of APS and DDP induced the infiltration of CD8+T lymphocytes into the tumor immune microenvironment.Conclusion:The combination of APS and DDP exhibits more potent tumor inhibition and anti-tumor immunity than either agent alone,representing a novel approach to enhance therapeutic efficacy without increasing the side effects of DDP.
基金funded in part by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(JQ20032 to N.W.and to 7191007 to Z.W.)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81822030 and 82072391 to N.W.,81772299and 81930068 to Z.W.,81772301 and 81972132 to G.Q.,81672123and 81972037 to J.Z.)+7 种基金Capital's Funds for Health Improvement and Research(2020-4-40114 to N.W.)Tsinghua University-Peking Union Medical College Hospital Initiative Scientific Research ProgramNational Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC0910500 to N.W.and Z.W.,2016YFC0901501 to S.Z.)the PUMC Youth Fund and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3332019052 to Y.M.)the CAMS Initiative Fund for Medical Sciences(2016-I2M-3-003 to G.Q.and N.W.,2016-I2M-2-006 and 2017-I2M-2-001 to Z.W.)the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019PT320025 to N.W.)sponsored by GeneScience Pharmaceuticals Co.,Ltd.(Changchun,China)funded by the United States National Institutes of Health(UM1HG006542 and K08 HG008986)。
文摘Short stature is among the most common endocrinological disease phenotypes of childhood and may occur as an isolated finding or in conjunction with other clinical manifestations.Although the diagnostic utility of clinical genetic testing in short stature has been implicated,the genetic architecture and the utility of genomic studies such as exome sequencing(ES)in a sizable cohort of patients with short stature have not been investigated systematically.In this study,we recruited 561 individuals with short stature from two centers in China during a 4-year period.We performed ES for all patients and available parents.All patients were retrospectively divided into two groups:an isolated short stature group(group I,n=257)and an apparently syndromic short stature group(group II,n=304).Causal variants were identified in 135 of 561(24.1%)patients.In group I,29 of 257(11.3%)of the patients were solved by variants in 24 genes.In group II,106 of 304(34.9%)patients were solved by variants in 57 genes.Genes involved in fundamental cellularprocess played an important role in the genetic architecture of syndromic short stature.Distinct genetic architectures and pathophysiological processes underlie isolated and syndromic short stature.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.1107100211371028)+4 种基金Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(Grant No.NCET-10-0001)Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education(Grant No.210091)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(Grant No.20103401110002)Natural Science Research Foundation of Department of Education of Anhui Province(Grant No.KJ2013A196)Scientific Research Fund for Fostering Distinguished Young Scholars of Anhui University(Grant No.KJJQ1001)
文摘Let G be a connected graph on n vertices with chromatic number k, and let ρ（G） be the distance signless Laplacian spectral radius of G. We show that ρ（G） ≥ 2n ＋ 2[n/k] - 4, with equality if and only if G is a regular Turan graph.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12274105)the Heilongjiang Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.JQ2022A001)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.HIT.OCEF.2021020)the Joint Guidance Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(Grant No.LH2023A006).
文摘Vector structured beams(VSBs)offer infinite eigenstates and open up new possibilities for highcapacity optical and quantum communications by the multiplexing of the states.Therefore,the sorting and measuring of VSBs are extremely important.However,the efficient manipulations of a large number of VSBs have simultaneously remained challenging up to now,especially in integrated optical systems.Here,we propose a compact spin-multiplexed diffractive metasurface capable of continuously sorting and detecting arbitrary VSBs through spatial intensity separation.By introducing a diffractive optical neural network with cascaded metasurface systems,we demonstrate arbitrary VSBs sorters that can simultaneously identify Laguerre–Gaussian modes(l=−4 to 4,p=1 to 4),Hermitian–Gaussian modes(m=1 to 4,n=1 to 3),and Bessel–Gaussian modes(l=1 to 12).Such a sorter for arbitrary VSBs could revolutionize applications in integrated and high-dimensional optical communication systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81470649,81670870)the Beijing Nova Program (Z161100004916058)
文摘The aim of this study was to explore the role of autophagy in response to blue light damage in aged mice and in human retinal pigmented epithelium(hRPE) cells. Blue light damage to the retina was induced in 10-month-old(10 mo) C57 mice and hRPE cells. Flash electroretinography was used to assess retinal function. Retinal structure changes were observed by electron microscopy. Western blot was conducted to determine the expression levels of the following proteins: cleaved caspase-3, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK), autophagy marker light chain 3(LC3), P62, and Beclin-1. On day 1 after light damage to the 10 mo mice, retinal function was changed. The latent periods of awave and b-wave were delayed, and amplitude was reduced. The electron microscopy results revealed mitochondria damage in the retinal pigmented epithelium and a disorganized photoreceptor outer segment(OS). PERK, LC3, and Beclin-1 were upregulated, whereas P62 was not. On day 5 after the blue light damage, restoration of electroretinography and OS was observed.PERK, LC3, and Beclin-1 were downregulated, whereas P62 was not. Protein changes in vitro were consistent with in vivo. The present study provided structural and functional evidence that autophagy plays an important role in the response to blue lightinduced retinal damage.
文摘With the popularity and development of artificial intelligence(AI),disease screening systems based on AI algorithms are gradually emerging in the medical field.Such systems can be used for primary screening of diseases to relieve the pressure on primary health care.In recent years,AI algorithms have demonstrated good performance in the analysis and identification of lesion signs in the macular region of fundus color photography,and a screening system for fundus lesion signs applicable to primary screening is bound to emerge in the future.Therefore,to standardize the design and clinical application of macular region lesion sign screening systems based on AI algorithms,the Ocular Fundus Diseases Group of Chinese Ophthalmological Society,in collaboration with relevant experts,developed this guideline after investigating issues,discussing production evidence,and holding guideline workshops.It aimed to establish uniform standards for the definition of the macular region and lesion signs,AI adoption scenarios,algorithm model construction,dataset establishment and labeling,architecture and function design,and image data acquisition for the screening system to guide the implementation of the screening work.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82270442 and 81870331)the Qingdao Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Project(China)(No.21-1-4-rkjk-12-nsh).
文摘Post-translational modifications(PTM)are covalent modifications of proteins or peptides caused by proteolytic cleavage or the attachment of moieties to one or more amino acids.PTMs play essential roles in biological function and regulation and have been linked with several diseases.Modifications of protein acylation(Kac),a type of PTM,are known to induce epigenetic regulatory processes that promote various diseases.Thus,an increasing number of studies focusing on acylation modifications are being undertaken.Butyrylation(Kbu)is a new acylation process found in animals and plants.Kbu has been recently linked to the onset and progression of several diseases,such as cancer,cardiovascular diseases,diabetes,and vascular dementia.Moreover,the mode of action of certain drugs used in the treatment of lymphoma and colon cancer is based on the regulation of butyrylation levels,suggesting that butyrylation may play a therapeutic role in these diseases.In addition,butyrylation is also commonly involved in rice gene expression and thus plays an important role in the growth,development,and metabolism of rice.The tools and analytical methods that could be utilized for the prediction and detection of lysine butyrylation have also been investigated.This study reviews the potential role of histone Kbu,as well as the mechanisms underlying this process.It also summarizes various enzymes and analytical methods associated with Kbu,with the goal of providing new insights into the role of Kbu in gene regulation and diseases.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52273284)Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.202201010382)Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education(PCFM-2022A02).
文摘In the context of green development,the use of solar cells with renewable and environment-friendly characteristics has been rapidly growing.There has been a continuous search for materials that can enhance their performance.Black phosphorus,a new type of semiconductor material,has garnered significant attention due to its distinctive properties,particularly its direct band gap with tunable layers and high optoelectronic efficiency.This review summarizes the properties of black-phosphorus-based materials and focuses on their use as doping materials in various components of solar cells,such as the electron transport layer,hole transport layer,active layer,etc.The current challenges faced by black phosphorus materials and outlook on their future development have also been discussed.
基金supported by the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hydrogen Science&Center of Hydrogen Science of Shanghai Jiao Tong University and the Shanghai High-Level Oversea Talents Award.
文摘A subsidiary role of electrochemical neutralization energy(ENE)stored in waste acid/base presents a sustainable and economically viable solution for the production of value-added chemicals and saving energy.Here we demonstrate a pH-asymmetric electrolyzer with a bipolar membrane to realize sustainable and efficient electrocatalytic methane oxidation coupling with hydrogen production at a low energy cost.This approach affords a C1/molecule production rate of up to 2.6 mmol g_(NiO) ^(-1) h^(-1)with simultaneous H_(2) production at a potential as low as 1.4 V.Furthermore,the electrocatalyst achieves sustained catalysis at 1 mA for over 24 h with lower operation voltage by 700 mV under auxiliary ENE supply,which means the cell electricity manner would enable an energy elimination of 36.9%energy saving comparing with state-of-the-art electrolyzers.In situ Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculation reveal the catalytic mechanism of the important role of Ni^(III)–O∙–Ni^(III)–O–for the electrochemical methane oxidation(EOM).Meanwhile,the pH-asymmetric integrated cell with simulated and complex waste acid-base solutions showcases a lower voltage of 1.62 V at 1 mA applied current with the same catalysts.Additionally,the device demonstrates negligible degradation at 10 mA cm^(−2),suggesting high overall durability for EOM.Techno-economic evaluation is also conducted to present the energy-saving and profit advantages with less oxygen evolution reaction(OER)competition.This work opens a pathway for prospective applications for the production of commodity chemicals simultaneously in one electrolyzer,which can even turn waste acid and base into resources.
文摘This study aims to measure the space charge of extremely thick insulating systems,such as full-scale ultrahigh-voltage cables and joint boxes,with high accuracy using the pulse electroacoustic method.The proposed method employs an electrically insulating acoustic coupler to improve acoustic matching.Additionally,a metallic backing with high acoustic impedance is applied to upgrade the sensitivity to almost five times that of conventional measuring systems.However,the proposed structure requires an extremely thick backing material to avoid multiple reflections when the specimen thickens.In this study,a backing structure that combines a thin polymer plate with an air layer is proposed.Because multiple reflections are not returned from the air layer,the backing structure can be designed to be extremely small,thereby maintaining high sensitivity.This advantage is verified experimentally.
