Colorectal cancer(CRC)stands among the top prevalent cancers worldwide and holds a prominent position as a major contributor to cancer-related mortality globally.Absent in melanoma 2(AIM2),a constituent of the interfe...Colorectal cancer(CRC)stands among the top prevalent cancers worldwide and holds a prominent position as a major contributor to cancer-related mortality globally.Absent in melanoma 2(AIM2),a constituent of the interferoninducible hematopoietic interferon-inducible nuclear antigens with 200 amino acid repeats protein family,contributes to both cancer progression and inflammasome activation.Despite this understanding,the precise biological functions and molecular mechanisms governed by AIM2 in CRC remain elusive.Consequently,this study endeavors to assess AIM2’s expression levels,explore its potential antitumor effects,elucidate associated cancer-related processes,and decipher the underlying signaling pathways in CRC.Our findings showed a reduced AIM2 expression in most CRC cell lines.Elevation of AIM2 levels suppressed CRC cell proliferation and migration,altered cell cycle by inhibiting G1/S transition,and induced cell apoptosis.Further research uncovered the participation of P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(P38MAPK)in AIM2-mediated modulation of CRC cell apoptosis and proliferation.Altogether,our achievements distinctly underscored AIM2’s antitumor role in CRC.AIM2 overexpression inhibited proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis of CRC cells via activating P38MAPK signaling pathway,indicating AIM2 as a prospective and novel therapeutic target for CRC.展开更多
The multidisciplinary approach is beneficial to the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs).However,pharmacists are seldom incorporated into a multidisciplinary team(MDT)of GIST.In the present study,we eva...The multidisciplinary approach is beneficial to the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs).However,pharmacists are seldom incorporated into a multidisciplinary team(MDT)of GIST.In the present study,we evaluated the clinical and economic benefits of a pharmacist in an MDT of GIST.This was a retrospective study that included 240 GIST patients receiving imatinib therapy.The GIST MDT pharmacist developed and validated an HPLC method to monitor the trough concentrations of imatinib in GIST patients.Besides,the pharmacist also provided patient education and pharmaceutical care services and collected the data for analysis.The 240 GIST patients received the services provided by the pharmacist.The trough concentrations in 25.42%of the 240 patients were less than 1100 ng/m L.The main genotypes of 121 in the 240 patients were KIT exon 11 mutations,wild type,and KIT exon 9 mutations.Moreover,13 GIST patients with trough concentrations less than 1100 ng/m L were confirmed to have low compliance.The adverse reactions were primarily mild and tolerable,except that 13 GIST patients were adjusted to lower doses because of the intolerable adverse reactions.The daily cost could be lowered by monitoring the trough concentrations and dose reductions.Collectively,a pharmacist included in a GIST MDT could increase the compliance of Chinese GIST patients to imatinib therapy and improve the efficacy,safety,and economy of imatinib therapy.展开更多
The emergence and dissemination of colistin resistance in Enterobacterioceae mediated by plasmid-borne mcr genes in recent years now pose a threat to public health.In this study,we isolated and characterized colistin-...The emergence and dissemination of colistin resistance in Enterobacterioceae mediated by plasmid-borne mcr genes in recent years now pose a threat to public health.In this study,we isolated and characterized colistin-resistant and for mcr-positive£coli from pig farms in Central China.Between 2018 and 2019,594 samples were collected and recovered 445 E.coli isolates.Among them,33 with colistin resistance phenotypes and 37 that were positive for mcr genes were identified,including 34 positive for mcr-1,one positive for mcr-3,and two positive for both mcr-1 and mcr-3.An insertion of nine bases("CTGGATACG")into mcr-7 in four mcr-positive isolates led to gene dysfunction,and therefore did not confer the colistin resistance phenotype.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that 37 mcr-positive isolates showed severe drug resistance profiles,as 50% of them were resistant to 20 types of antibiotics.Multilocus sequence typing revealed a heterogeneous group of sequence types in mcr-positive isolates,among which ST10(5/37),ST156(5/37),and 5T617(4/37)were the predominant types.Plasmid conjugation assays showed that mcr-carrying plasmids of 25 mcr-positive isolates were conjugated with£coli recipient,with conjugation frequencies ranging from 1.7 × 10^(-6) to 4.1 × 10^(-3) per recipient.Conjugation of these mcr genes conferred a colistin resistance phenotype upon the recipient bacterium.PCR typing of plasmids harbored in the 25 transconjugants determined six types of plasmid replicons,including lncX4(14/25),FrepB(4/25),Incl2(3/25),lncHI2(2/25),FIB(1/25),and Inch(1/25).This study contributes to the current understanding of antibiotic resistance and molecular characteristics of colistin-resistant£coli in pig farms.展开更多
Chrornophore structures inspired by natural green fluorescent protein （GFP） play an im- portant role in the field of bio-irnaging. In this work, photochemical properties of a new class of GFP-like chromophores are i...Chrornophore structures inspired by natural green fluorescent protein （GFP） play an im- portant role in the field of bio-irnaging. In this work, photochemical properties of a new class of GFP-like chromophores are investigated using computational approaches. Thermo- dynamically stable isomers are identified in vacuum and in solvent. Spectral Stokes shifts are computed and compared to experiments. An inverted solvatochromic shift between absorption and emission emerging in this new class of GFP-like chromophores is observed, and attributed to the stabilized charge transfer and inhibited rotational structural reorganization in solvent.展开更多
Due to the small size,variety,and high degree of mixing of herbaceous vegetation,remote sensing-based identification of grassland types primarily focuses on extracting major grassland categories,lacking detailed depic...Due to the small size,variety,and high degree of mixing of herbaceous vegetation,remote sensing-based identification of grassland types primarily focuses on extracting major grassland categories,lacking detailed depiction.This limitation significantly hampers the development of effective evaluation and fine supervision for the rational utilization of grassland resources.To address this issue,this study concentrates on the representative grassland of Zhenglan Banner in Inner Mongolia as the study area.It integrates the strengths of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 active-passive synergistic observations and introduces innovative object-oriented techniques for grassland type classification,thereby enhancing the accuracy and refinement of grassland classification.The results demonstrate the following:(1)To meet the supervision requirements of grassland resources,we propose a grassland type classification system based on remote sensing and the vegetation-habitat classification method,specifically applicable to natural grasslands in northern China.(2)By utilizing the high-spatial-resolution Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)synthesized through the Spatial and Temporal Non-Local Filter-based Fusion Model(STNLFFM),we are able to capture the NDVI time profiles of grassland types,accurately extract vegetation phenological information within the year,and further enhance the temporal resolution.(3)The integration of multi-seasonal spectral,polarization,and phenological characteristics significantly improves the classification accuracy of grassland types.The overall accuracy reaches 82.61%,with a kappa coefficient of 0.79.Compared to using only multi-seasonal spectral features,the accuracy and kappa coefficient have improved by 15.94%and 0.19,respectively.Notably,the accuracy improvement of the gently sloping steppe is the highest,exceeding 38%.(4)Sandy grassland is the most widespread in the study area,and the growth season of grassland vegetation mainly occurs from May to September.The sandy meadow exhibits a longer growing season compared with typical grassland and meadow,and the distinct differences in phenological characteristics contribute to the accurate identification of various grassland types.展开更多
Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has limited effects in treating metastatic breast cancer.Immune checkpoints can deplete the function of immune cells;however,the expression of immune checkpoints after PDT is unclear.This stud...Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has limited effects in treating metastatic breast cancer.Immune checkpoints can deplete the function of immune cells;however,the expression of immune checkpoints after PDT is unclear.This study investigates whether the limited e±cacy of PDT is due to upregulated immune checkpoints and tries to combine the PDT and immune checkpoint inhibitor to observe the e±cacy.A metastatic breast cancer model was treated by PDT mediated by hematoporphyrin derivatives(HpD-PDT).The anti-tumor effect of HpD-PDT was observed,as well as CD4þT,CD8þT and calreticulin(CRT)by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.Immune checkpoints on T cells were analyzed byflow cytometry after HpD-PDT.When combining PDT with immune checkpoint inhibitors,the antitumor effect and immune effect were assessed.For HpD-PDT at 100 mW/cm2 and 40,60 and 80 J/cm2,primary tumors were suppressed and CD4þT,CD8þT and CRT were elevated;however,distant tumors couldn't be inhibited and survival could not be prolonged.Immune checkpoints on T cells,especially PD1 and LAG-3 after HpD-PDT,were upregulated,which may explain the reason for the limited HpD-PDT effect.After PDT combined with anti-PD1 antibody,but not with anti-LAG-3 antibody,both the primary and distant tumors were signi-cantly inhibited and the survival time was prolonged,additionally,CD4þT,CD8þT,IFN-þCD4þT and TNF-þCD4þT cells were signi-cantly increased compared with HpD-PDT.HpD-PDT could not combat metastatic breast cancer.PD1 and LAG-3 were upregulated after HpD-PDT.Anti-PD1 antibody,but not anti-LAG-3 antibody,could augment the antitumor effect of HpD-PDT for treating metastatic breast cancer.展开更多
Metabolic reprogramming not only reshapes cellular bioenergetics but also profoundly influences RNA metabolism through metabolite signaling and the RNA-binding activities of metabolic enzymes.Emerging evidence highlig...Metabolic reprogramming not only reshapes cellular bioenergetics but also profoundly influences RNA metabolism through metabolite signaling and the RNA-binding activities of metabolic enzymes.Emerging evidence highlights that certain metabolic enzymes act as RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)to regulate gene expression and promote tumor progression.However,the non-catalytic post-transcriptional regulatory functions of metabolic enzymes in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remain largely unexplored.In this study,we performed RNA-protein interactome profiling to identify potential non-canonical RBPs in HCC cells and established phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase(PHGDH)as a functional RBP.We further uncovered a previously unrecognized RNA-binding domain in PHGDH that directly binds cellular mRNAs and plays a key role in HCC cell proliferation.展开更多
Urolithiasis,a disease characterized by the formation of urinary stones,is influenced by immune system dysregulation and metabolic factors.This study investigated the interplay between specific immune cell characteris...Urolithiasis,a disease characterized by the formation of urinary stones,is influenced by immune system dysregulation and metabolic factors.This study investigated the interplay between specific immune cell characteristics and blood metabolites in urolithiasis based on Mendelian randomization.We further explored the potential mediating effects of genetically predicted blood metabolites based on mediation analysis.We employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to examine the association between immune cell properties,blood metabolites,and urolithiasis risk.Genetic instruments for immune cell characteristics and blood metabolites were used to assess causal relationships and mediating pathways.Our results indicate that 10 immune cell characteristics had a unidirectional causal association with urolithiasis risk.We also detected 13 blood metabolites associated with urolithiasis.We identified 4 pathways through which genetically predicted blood metabolites partly mediated the association between specific immune cell characteristics and urolithiasis risk.This suggests potential mechanistic links where altered blood metabolites may play a role in developing urolithiasis through immune system modulation.This Mendelian randomization study highlights the complex relationship between immune responses,blood metabolites,and urolithiasis.The findings underscore the importance of considering both immune cell features and metabolic factors in understanding the pathogenesis of urolithiasis,offering insights into novel therapeutic targets and diagnostic strategies for this disorder.展开更多
Photodynamic therapy(PDT)not only destroys tumor cells directly but also induced anti-tumor immune response through damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs).It is reported that anti-tumor response was associated wi...Photodynamic therapy(PDT)not only destroys tumor cells directly but also induced anti-tumor immune response through damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs).It is reported that anti-tumor response was associated with light dose and photosensitizer used in PDT.In this study,4T1 tumor cells were implanted on both the right and left flanks of mice.Only the right tumor was treated by HpD-PDT,while the left tumor was not irradiated.The anti-tumor immune response induced by HpD-PDT was investigated.The expression of DAMPs and costimulatory molecules induced by HpD-PDT were tested by immuno fluorescence and flow cytometry in vivo.Different light doses of PDT were designed to treat 4T1 cells.The killing effect was assessed by CCK-8 kit and apoptosis kit.The expression of DAMPs on 4T1 cells after HpDPDT were evaluated by flow cytometry,western blot and ATP kit.This study showed that CD4^(+)T,CD8^(+)T and the production of IFN-γwere increased significantly on day 10 in righttumor after PDT treatment compared with control group.HpD-PDT enhanced the expression of calreticulin(CRT)on tumor tissue.Importantly,co-stimulatory molecular OX-40 and 4-1BB were elevated on CD8^(+)T cells.In vitro,immunogenic death of 4T1 cells was induced after PDT.Besides,the expression of DAMPs increased with the increasing of energy density.This study indicates that anti-tumor immune effect was induced by HpD-PDT.The knowledge of the involvement of CRT,ATP and co-stimulatory molecules uncovers important mechanistic insight into the anti-tumor immunogenicity.It was the first time that co-stimulatory molecules were investigated and found to elevate after PDT.展开更多
Metastasis to distant sites is a severe treatment challenge and a major cause of death for breast cancer patients.Laser immunotherapy(LIT)is a novel technique,combining a selective photothermal therapy with local appl...Metastasis to distant sites is a severe treatment challenge and a major cause of death for breast cancer patients.Laser immunotherapy(LIT)is a novel technique,combining a selective photothermal therapy with local application of glycated chitosan,a potent immunoadjuvant.The pre-clinical studies of LIT have shown its unique characteristics in generating specific antitumor immunity.The clinical application of LIT in the treatment of melanoma patients has achieved preliminary success.Recently,LIT has been used to treat late-stage breast cancer patients.Here we report for the first time the clinical results of this combination therapy in breast cancer patients.The LIT treatment procedures are presented and the medical history of two stage Ⅳ breast cancer patients is reviewed.Most of the breast cancer lesions and the metastasis of lung and brain disappeared after repeated treatments of LIT.One patient achieved complete response;the other achieved partial response at the time of this report.Although there is still a long way for LIT to become a standard modality for breast cancer treatment,the results of this study indicated its promising future.展开更多
Different from direct impact damage exerted by limbs of most organisms,mantis shrimps’appendages can carry out ultra-fast,powerful underwater strikes with cavitation superimposed damage to harvest hard-shelled prey.T...Different from direct impact damage exerted by limbs of most organisms,mantis shrimps’appendages can carry out ultra-fast,powerful underwater strikes with cavitation superimposed damage to harvest hard-shelled prey.The power amplification systems and cavitation generation of mantis shrimp have attracted vast attention of researchers.Much effort has been paid to developing mantis shrimp-inspired striking robots;however,none of them are capable of generating cavitation during impacting hard objects yet.In this paper,an underwater striking robot named Shrimpbot was developed to reproduce the cavitation phenomenon when striking hard objects.Shrimpbot incorporates a Latch-Mediated Spring Actuation(LaMSA)to slowly store energy and release it instantaneously.A Diamond-Shaped Four-bar Linkage(DSFL)stretches springs to more effectively store elastic energy by reducing the maximum torque requirement of the motor.This design promised an average power amplification of over 30 times of the motor.Shape optimization and hydrophobic coating on the hammerhead and hand of Shrimpbot helped to reduce the water drag.The accomplished Shrimpbot reached an impact speed of over 12 m/s,at an acceleration of 2×10^(3) m/s^(2),an impact force of more than 1200 N in water,very close to the performance of mantis shrimp.More importantly,cavitation bubbles accompanied with the impacts were observed for the first time in mantis shrimp-inspired robots.Shrimpbot ingeniously employs only one motor to accomplish the striking automatically and repeatedly for practical purposes.Shrimpbot mimics the cavitation generation skills of mantis shrimp,which could facilitate the understanding of its mechanical principles and fluid dynamics of ultra-fast power-amplified systems of mantis shrimp and even those energy storage mechanisms of jumping robots or exoskeleton robots.展开更多
Objective:To assess the private hospital development in China during 2005-2016 from a global perspective.Methods:We searched the English and Chinese literature in PubMed,CNKI and Google Scholar databases with the keyw...Objective:To assess the private hospital development in China during 2005-2016 from a global perspective.Methods:We searched the English and Chinese literature in PubMed,CNKI and Google Scholar databases with the keywords including“private hospitals in China”,“hospital ownership”,“public and private hospital”,“private hospital development”.Descriptive statistical analysis was used to assess the trend of the private hospital development in China and worldwide.Both the change of private hospitals in supply capacity and health care delivery were studied in this paper.The number of hospitals,number of hospital beds and the average number of hospital beds per hospital were employed to measure the supply capacity.The visit number,inpatients number,and bed occupancy rate(BOR)were used to measure the healthcare delivery.The data was collected from the China Health Statistical Yearbook and the“Organisation for Economic and Co-operation and Development(OECD)Statistics”website.Results:The private sector rapidly expanded in China’s hospital market in recent years.The number of private hospitals exceeded the public in 2015.There has also been a signi cant rise for the indicators of both the supply capacity(including number of hospitals,number of hospital beds and the average number of hospital beds per hospital)and the health care delivery(inpatients number and BOR)of the private hospitals.However,the growth rates of them were relatively lower than the public.The expansion trend of China’s private sector in the hospital market accorded with most the OECD countries around the world.In 2016,China was above the medium level of the share of the private hospitals’number with the OECD countries,but below the medium for the supply capacity,in terms of the hospital beds.Conclusion:As a result of the economic growth and supporting policy,the private sector has experienced a vast expansion in China’s hospital market in the past decade.The rising gap in average size between private and publicly owned hospitals,and the inconsistent development between the private hospitals’supply capacity and their market share,have become the two main challenges.Meanwhile,the future policy in supporting the private sector should be carefully introduced to advance the whole healthcare delivery system development in China.展开更多
Anti-tunor immunological response induced by local intervention is ideal for treatment of metastatic tumors.Laser immunot herapy was developed to synergize photot hermal interaction with immunological stimulation for ...Anti-tunor immunological response induced by local intervention is ideal for treatment of metastatic tumors.Laser immunot herapy was developed to synergize photot hermal interaction with immunological stimulation for cancer treatment.Using an infrared laser,indocyanine green(ICG,as a light abeorbing agent),and glycated chitosan(GC,as an immunostimulant),.laser imm unot herapy has resulted in tumor suppression and anti-tumor responses in pre-clinical as well as clinical studies.To further understand the mechanism of laser immunotherapy,the efects of laser and GC treatment without specifc enhancement of laser absorption were studied.Passive adoptive immunity transfer was perfomed using splenocytes as immune cells.Spleen cells harvested from tumor-bearing mice treated by laser+GC provided 60%immunity in naive recipients.Furthermore,cytotoxicity and TNF-ar secretion by splenocytes from treated mice also indicated that laser+GC induced immunity was tumor-specific.The high level of infiltrating T cells in tumors after laser+GC treatment furt her confirned a specific anti-tumor immune response.Therefore,laser+GC could prove to be a promisi ng selective local trea tment modality that induces a systemic anti-tumor response,with appropriate laser parameters and GC doses.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to offer a statistically sound method to make a precise account of the speed of land degradation and regeneration processes.Most common analyses of land degradation focus instead on the extent...The aim of this paper is to offer a statistically sound method to make a precise account of the speed of land degradation and regeneration processes.Most common analyses of land degradation focus instead on the extent of degraded areas,rather than on the intensity of degradation processes.The study was implemented for the Potential Extent of Desertification in China(PEDC),composed by arid,semi-arid,and dry sub-humid regions and refers to the period 2002 to 2012.The metrics were standard partial regression coefficients from stepwise regressions,fitted using Net Primary Productivity as the dependent variable,and year number and aridity as predictors.The results indicate that:①the extension of degrading lands(292896 km 2 or 9.12%of PEDC)overcomes the area that is recovering(194560 km 2 or 6.06%of PEDC);and②the intensity of degrading trends is lower than that of increasing trends in three land cover types(grassland,desert,and crops)and in two aridity levels(semi-arid and dry sub-humid).Such an outcome might pinpoint restoration policies by the Chinese government,and document a possible case of hysteresis.展开更多
In a novel plasma-shade reactor for oxidative reforming of biogas(CH4/CO2=3/2),the effects of specific-energy-input (SEI) on CH4 and CO2 conversions and energy cost of syngas were investigated at O2/CH4ratios ranged f...In a novel plasma-shade reactor for oxidative reforming of biogas(CH4/CO2=3/2),the effects of specific-energy-input (SEI) on CH4 and CO2 conversions and energy cost of syngas were investigated at O2/CH4ratios ranged from 0.42 to 0.67.At each of O2/CH4 ratios,V-shape profiles of energy cost of syngas increasing with SEI were observed,reaching the lowest value at the optimal SEI(Opt-SEI).With the increase of O2/CH4 ratio,the Opt-SEI decreased significantly.Moreover,at the Opt-SEI,O2 and CH4 conversions and dry-basis concentration of syngas increased and energy cost of syngas decreased greatly with the increase of O2/CH4 ratio.展开更多
The ideal treatment modality for metastatic cancer would be a local treatment that can destroy primary tumors while inducing an effective systemic anti-tumor response.To this end,we de-veloped laser immunotherapy,comb...The ideal treatment modality for metastatic cancer would be a local treatment that can destroy primary tumors while inducing an effective systemic anti-tumor response.To this end,we de-veloped laser immunotherapy,combining photothermal laser application with an immunoadju-vant for the treatment of metastatic cancer.Additionally,to enhance the selective photothermal effect,we integrated light-absorbing nanomaterials into this innovative treatment.Specifically,we developed an immunologically modified carbon nanotube combining single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)with the immunoadjuvant glycated chitosan(GC).To determine the ef-fectiveness of laser iradiation,a series of experiments were performed using two different irra-diation durations-5 and 10 min.Rats were inoculated with DMBA-4 cancer cells,a metastatic cancer cell line.The treatment group of rats receiving laser irradiation for 10 min had a 50%long-term survival rate without residual primary or metastatic tumnors.The treatment group of rats receiving laser irradiation for 5 min had no long-term survivors;all rats died with multiple metastases at several distant sites.Therefore,Laser+SWNT-GC treatment with 10 min of laser irradiation proved to be efective at reducing tumor size and inducing long-term anti-tumor immunity.展开更多
Aiming at the climatic characteristics of more rain and high humidity and cultivation habits of rapeseed in Tongren area,in terms of rapeseed and Morchella spp.interplanting,excellent varieties suitable for the local ...Aiming at the climatic characteristics of more rain and high humidity and cultivation habits of rapeseed in Tongren area,in terms of rapeseed and Morchella spp.interplanting,excellent varieties suitable for the local climate were selected,the formulas of culture substrate and nutrition bag were optimized to produce high-quality strains,soil pests were prevented and controlled,rapeseed was transplanted in time,Morchella spp.were sown in ditches,nutrition bags were placed simultaneously,thick soil was covered and fruiting ditches were left,and stress was arranged to promote growth of mycelia.The production cycle was 90-100 d.The yield of Morchella spp.reached 2250-3375 kg/ha,with a net profit of 6000-10000 yuan.展开更多
Background and Aims:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation is commonly observed in individuals with chronic HBV infection undergoing antineoplastic drug therapy.Paclitaxel(PTX)treatment has been identified as a potential ...Background and Aims:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation is commonly observed in individuals with chronic HBV infection undergoing antineoplastic drug therapy.Paclitaxel(PTX)treatment has been identified as a potential trigger for HBV reactivation.This study aimed to uncover the mechanisms of PTX-induced HBV reactivation in vitro and in vivo,which may inform new strategies for HBV antiviral treatment.Methods:The impact of PTX on HBV replication was assessed through various methods including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,dual-luciferase reporter assay,quantitative real-time PCR,chromatin immunoprecipitation,and immunohistochemical staining.Transcriptome sequencing and 16S rRNA sequencing were employed to assess alterations in the transcriptome and microbial diversity in PTX-treated HBV transgenic mice.Results:PTX enhanced the levels of HBV 3.5-kb mRNA,HBV DNA,HBeAg,and HBsAg both in vitro and in vivo.PTX also promoted the activity of the HBV core promoter and transcription factor AP-1.Inhibition of AP-1 gene expression markedly suppressed PTX-induced HBV reactivation.Transcriptome sequencing revealed that PTX activated the immune-related signaling networks such as IL-17,NF-κB,and MAPK signaling pathways,with the pivotal common key molecule being AP-1.The 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that PTX induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota.Conclusions:PTX-induced HBV reactivation was likely a synergistic outcome of immune suppression and direct stimulation of HBV replication through the enhancement of HBV core promoter activity mediated by the transcription factor AP-1.These findings propose a novel molecular mechanism,underscoring the critical role of AP-1 in PTX-induced HBV reactivation.展开更多
Renal cell carcinoma,which consists of three main histological subtypes,namely,clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC),papillary RCC(pRCC),and chromophobe RCC(chRCC),accounts for most kidney cancer cases.ccRCC accounts...Renal cell carcinoma,which consists of three main histological subtypes,namely,clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC),papillary RCC(pRCC),and chromophobe RCC(chRCC),accounts for most kidney cancer cases.ccRCC accounts for approximately 85%of all RcC cases,1 and it is a malignant tumor with multiple molecular features and a poor prognosis.Studies have shown that ccRCC is one of the most immune and vaso-invasive cancer types.2 Considering that ccRCC is not sensitive to either radiotherapy or chemotherapy,targeted therapies.展开更多
基金supported by the Gusu Medical Key Talent Project of Suzhou City of China(GSWS2020005)the New Pharmaceutics and Medical Apparatuses Project of Suzhou City of China(SLJ2021007)+3 种基金the Suzhou City Key Clinical Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Special Project,China(LCZX202129)Wujiang Science and Educational Health Revitalization Fund Project,Suzhou,China(WWK202015)the Scientific Research Project of Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital,Suzhou,China(YK202008)and Suzhou“Science and Education”Youth Science and Technology Project,Suzhou,China(KJXW2020075).
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)stands among the top prevalent cancers worldwide and holds a prominent position as a major contributor to cancer-related mortality globally.Absent in melanoma 2(AIM2),a constituent of the interferoninducible hematopoietic interferon-inducible nuclear antigens with 200 amino acid repeats protein family,contributes to both cancer progression and inflammasome activation.Despite this understanding,the precise biological functions and molecular mechanisms governed by AIM2 in CRC remain elusive.Consequently,this study endeavors to assess AIM2’s expression levels,explore its potential antitumor effects,elucidate associated cancer-related processes,and decipher the underlying signaling pathways in CRC.Our findings showed a reduced AIM2 expression in most CRC cell lines.Elevation of AIM2 levels suppressed CRC cell proliferation and migration,altered cell cycle by inhibiting G1/S transition,and induced cell apoptosis.Further research uncovered the participation of P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(P38MAPK)in AIM2-mediated modulation of CRC cell apoptosis and proliferation.Altogether,our achievements distinctly underscored AIM2’s antitumor role in CRC.AIM2 overexpression inhibited proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis of CRC cells via activating P38MAPK signaling pathway,indicating AIM2 as a prospective and novel therapeutic target for CRC.
基金Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau and Chongqing Health Commission(Grant No.2021-MSXM335 and 2020GDRC009)。
文摘The multidisciplinary approach is beneficial to the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs).However,pharmacists are seldom incorporated into a multidisciplinary team(MDT)of GIST.In the present study,we evaluated the clinical and economic benefits of a pharmacist in an MDT of GIST.This was a retrospective study that included 240 GIST patients receiving imatinib therapy.The GIST MDT pharmacist developed and validated an HPLC method to monitor the trough concentrations of imatinib in GIST patients.Besides,the pharmacist also provided patient education and pharmaceutical care services and collected the data for analysis.The 240 GIST patients received the services provided by the pharmacist.The trough concentrations in 25.42%of the 240 patients were less than 1100 ng/m L.The main genotypes of 121 in the 240 patients were KIT exon 11 mutations,wild type,and KIT exon 9 mutations.Moreover,13 GIST patients with trough concentrations less than 1100 ng/m L were confirmed to have low compliance.The adverse reactions were primarily mild and tolerable,except that 13 GIST patients were adjusted to lower doses because of the intolerable adverse reactions.The daily cost could be lowered by monitoring the trough concentrations and dose reductions.Collectively,a pharmacist included in a GIST MDT could increase the compliance of Chinese GIST patients to imatinib therapy and improve the efficacy,safety,and economy of imatinib therapy.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant numbers:2017YFC1600103 and 2017YFC1600101)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(grant number:2020CFB525)+2 种基金the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(grant number CARS-35)the Walmart Foundation(Projea#61626817)Zhong Peng acknowledges the financial support from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant number:2018 M640719).
文摘The emergence and dissemination of colistin resistance in Enterobacterioceae mediated by plasmid-borne mcr genes in recent years now pose a threat to public health.In this study,we isolated and characterized colistin-resistant and for mcr-positive£coli from pig farms in Central China.Between 2018 and 2019,594 samples were collected and recovered 445 E.coli isolates.Among them,33 with colistin resistance phenotypes and 37 that were positive for mcr genes were identified,including 34 positive for mcr-1,one positive for mcr-3,and two positive for both mcr-1 and mcr-3.An insertion of nine bases("CTGGATACG")into mcr-7 in four mcr-positive isolates led to gene dysfunction,and therefore did not confer the colistin resistance phenotype.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that 37 mcr-positive isolates showed severe drug resistance profiles,as 50% of them were resistant to 20 types of antibiotics.Multilocus sequence typing revealed a heterogeneous group of sequence types in mcr-positive isolates,among which ST10(5/37),ST156(5/37),and 5T617(4/37)were the predominant types.Plasmid conjugation assays showed that mcr-carrying plasmids of 25 mcr-positive isolates were conjugated with£coli recipient,with conjugation frequencies ranging from 1.7 × 10^(-6) to 4.1 × 10^(-3) per recipient.Conjugation of these mcr genes conferred a colistin resistance phenotype upon the recipient bacterium.PCR typing of plasmids harbored in the 25 transconjugants determined six types of plasmid replicons,including lncX4(14/25),FrepB(4/25),Incl2(3/25),lncHI2(2/25),FIB(1/25),and Inch(1/25).This study contributes to the current understanding of antibiotic resistance and molecular characteristics of colistin-resistant£coli in pig farms.
基金supported by US National Science Foundation(CHE-1565520) to X. Lifunded by the STF at the University of Washingtonthe National Science Foundation (MRI-1624430).
文摘Chrornophore structures inspired by natural green fluorescent protein （GFP） play an im- portant role in the field of bio-irnaging. In this work, photochemical properties of a new class of GFP-like chromophores are investigated using computational approaches. Thermo- dynamically stable isomers are identified in vacuum and in solvent. Spectral Stokes shifts are computed and compared to experiments. An inverted solvatochromic shift between absorption and emission emerging in this new class of GFP-like chromophores is observed, and attributed to the stabilized charge transfer and inhibited rotational structural reorganization in solvent.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42001386,42271407]within the ESA-MOST China Dragon 5 Cooperation(ID:59313).
文摘Due to the small size,variety,and high degree of mixing of herbaceous vegetation,remote sensing-based identification of grassland types primarily focuses on extracting major grassland categories,lacking detailed depiction.This limitation significantly hampers the development of effective evaluation and fine supervision for the rational utilization of grassland resources.To address this issue,this study concentrates on the representative grassland of Zhenglan Banner in Inner Mongolia as the study area.It integrates the strengths of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 active-passive synergistic observations and introduces innovative object-oriented techniques for grassland type classification,thereby enhancing the accuracy and refinement of grassland classification.The results demonstrate the following:(1)To meet the supervision requirements of grassland resources,we propose a grassland type classification system based on remote sensing and the vegetation-habitat classification method,specifically applicable to natural grasslands in northern China.(2)By utilizing the high-spatial-resolution Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)synthesized through the Spatial and Temporal Non-Local Filter-based Fusion Model(STNLFFM),we are able to capture the NDVI time profiles of grassland types,accurately extract vegetation phenological information within the year,and further enhance the temporal resolution.(3)The integration of multi-seasonal spectral,polarization,and phenological characteristics significantly improves the classification accuracy of grassland types.The overall accuracy reaches 82.61%,with a kappa coefficient of 0.79.Compared to using only multi-seasonal spectral features,the accuracy and kappa coefficient have improved by 15.94%and 0.19,respectively.Notably,the accuracy improvement of the gently sloping steppe is the highest,exceeding 38%.(4)Sandy grassland is the most widespread in the study area,and the growth season of grassland vegetation mainly occurs from May to September.The sandy meadow exhibits a longer growing season compared with typical grassland and meadow,and the distinct differences in phenological characteristics contribute to the accurate identification of various grassland types.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[2018YFB0407200]National Natural Science Foundation of China[61975239]Medical and Health Technology Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences[2019-I2M-5061].
文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has limited effects in treating metastatic breast cancer.Immune checkpoints can deplete the function of immune cells;however,the expression of immune checkpoints after PDT is unclear.This study investigates whether the limited e±cacy of PDT is due to upregulated immune checkpoints and tries to combine the PDT and immune checkpoint inhibitor to observe the e±cacy.A metastatic breast cancer model was treated by PDT mediated by hematoporphyrin derivatives(HpD-PDT).The anti-tumor effect of HpD-PDT was observed,as well as CD4þT,CD8þT and calreticulin(CRT)by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.Immune checkpoints on T cells were analyzed byflow cytometry after HpD-PDT.When combining PDT with immune checkpoint inhibitors,the antitumor effect and immune effect were assessed.For HpD-PDT at 100 mW/cm2 and 40,60 and 80 J/cm2,primary tumors were suppressed and CD4þT,CD8þT and CRT were elevated;however,distant tumors couldn't be inhibited and survival could not be prolonged.Immune checkpoints on T cells,especially PD1 and LAG-3 after HpD-PDT,were upregulated,which may explain the reason for the limited HpD-PDT effect.After PDT combined with anti-PD1 antibody,but not with anti-LAG-3 antibody,both the primary and distant tumors were signi-cantly inhibited and the survival time was prolonged,additionally,CD4þT,CD8þT,IFN-þCD4þT and TNF-þCD4þT cells were signi-cantly increased compared with HpD-PDT.HpD-PDT could not combat metastatic breast cancer.PD1 and LAG-3 were upregulated after HpD-PDT.Anti-PD1 antibody,but not anti-LAG-3 antibody,could augment the antitumor effect of HpD-PDT for treating metastatic breast cancer.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2306800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.U20A20392,82272975,82304288,82273238)+3 种基金the Chongqing Medical Scientific Research Project(Joint project of Chongqing Health Commission and Science and Technology Bureau,2023DBXM007)the Chongqing Professional Talents Plan for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Demonstration Team(CQYC202203091047)the Future Medical Youth Innovation Team of CQMU 2.0(W0036)the Senior Medical Talents Program of Chongqing for Young and Middle-aged and the Kuanren talents and Joint Project of Pinnacle Disciplinary Group,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.
文摘Metabolic reprogramming not only reshapes cellular bioenergetics but also profoundly influences RNA metabolism through metabolite signaling and the RNA-binding activities of metabolic enzymes.Emerging evidence highlights that certain metabolic enzymes act as RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)to regulate gene expression and promote tumor progression.However,the non-catalytic post-transcriptional regulatory functions of metabolic enzymes in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remain largely unexplored.In this study,we performed RNA-protein interactome profiling to identify potential non-canonical RBPs in HCC cells and established phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase(PHGDH)as a functional RBP.We further uncovered a previously unrecognized RNA-binding domain in PHGDH that directly binds cellular mRNAs and plays a key role in HCC cell proliferation.
基金support from various sources including the Innovation and Development Joint Fund of Chongqing Natural Science Foundation of China(No.CST-B2023NSCQ-LZX0099)Chongqing Science and Health Joint Medical High-end Talent Project(China)(No.2022GDRC012)+3 种基金Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission of China(No.KJZD-K202100402)CQMU Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine(Chongqing,China)(No.W0073)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82401866)Special Grants for Postdoctoral Research Projects in Chongqing in 2023(2023CQBSHTB3134).
文摘Urolithiasis,a disease characterized by the formation of urinary stones,is influenced by immune system dysregulation and metabolic factors.This study investigated the interplay between specific immune cell characteristics and blood metabolites in urolithiasis based on Mendelian randomization.We further explored the potential mediating effects of genetically predicted blood metabolites based on mediation analysis.We employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to examine the association between immune cell properties,blood metabolites,and urolithiasis risk.Genetic instruments for immune cell characteristics and blood metabolites were used to assess causal relationships and mediating pathways.Our results indicate that 10 immune cell characteristics had a unidirectional causal association with urolithiasis risk.We also detected 13 blood metabolites associated with urolithiasis.We identified 4 pathways through which genetically predicted blood metabolites partly mediated the association between specific immune cell characteristics and urolithiasis risk.This suggests potential mechanistic links where altered blood metabolites may play a role in developing urolithiasis through immune system modulation.This Mendelian randomization study highlights the complex relationship between immune responses,blood metabolites,and urolithiasis.The findings underscore the importance of considering both immune cell features and metabolic factors in understanding the pathogenesis of urolithiasis,offering insights into novel therapeutic targets and diagnostic strategies for this disorder.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[2018YFB0407200]National Natural Science Foundation of China[61975239]Medical and Health Technology Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences[2019-I2M-5-061].
文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT)not only destroys tumor cells directly but also induced anti-tumor immune response through damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs).It is reported that anti-tumor response was associated with light dose and photosensitizer used in PDT.In this study,4T1 tumor cells were implanted on both the right and left flanks of mice.Only the right tumor was treated by HpD-PDT,while the left tumor was not irradiated.The anti-tumor immune response induced by HpD-PDT was investigated.The expression of DAMPs and costimulatory molecules induced by HpD-PDT were tested by immuno fluorescence and flow cytometry in vivo.Different light doses of PDT were designed to treat 4T1 cells.The killing effect was assessed by CCK-8 kit and apoptosis kit.The expression of DAMPs on 4T1 cells after HpDPDT were evaluated by flow cytometry,western blot and ATP kit.This study showed that CD4^(+)T,CD8^(+)T and the production of IFN-γwere increased significantly on day 10 in righttumor after PDT treatment compared with control group.HpD-PDT enhanced the expression of calreticulin(CRT)on tumor tissue.Importantly,co-stimulatory molecular OX-40 and 4-1BB were elevated on CD8^(+)T cells.In vitro,immunogenic death of 4T1 cells was induced after PDT.Besides,the expression of DAMPs increased with the increasing of energy density.This study indicates that anti-tumor immune effect was induced by HpD-PDT.The knowledge of the involvement of CRT,ATP and co-stimulatory molecules uncovers important mechanistic insight into the anti-tumor immunogenicity.It was the first time that co-stimulatory molecules were investigated and found to elevate after PDT.
基金supported in part by a grant from the US National Institutes of Health(P20 RR016478 from the INBRE Program of the National Center for Research Resources).
文摘Metastasis to distant sites is a severe treatment challenge and a major cause of death for breast cancer patients.Laser immunotherapy(LIT)is a novel technique,combining a selective photothermal therapy with local application of glycated chitosan,a potent immunoadjuvant.The pre-clinical studies of LIT have shown its unique characteristics in generating specific antitumor immunity.The clinical application of LIT in the treatment of melanoma patients has achieved preliminary success.Recently,LIT has been used to treat late-stage breast cancer patients.Here we report for the first time the clinical results of this combination therapy in breast cancer patients.The LIT treatment procedures are presented and the medical history of two stage Ⅳ breast cancer patients is reviewed.Most of the breast cancer lesions and the metastasis of lung and brain disappeared after repeated treatments of LIT.One patient achieved complete response;the other achieved partial response at the time of this report.Although there is still a long way for LIT to become a standard modality for breast cancer treatment,the results of this study indicated its promising future.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51425502.
文摘Different from direct impact damage exerted by limbs of most organisms,mantis shrimps’appendages can carry out ultra-fast,powerful underwater strikes with cavitation superimposed damage to harvest hard-shelled prey.The power amplification systems and cavitation generation of mantis shrimp have attracted vast attention of researchers.Much effort has been paid to developing mantis shrimp-inspired striking robots;however,none of them are capable of generating cavitation during impacting hard objects yet.In this paper,an underwater striking robot named Shrimpbot was developed to reproduce the cavitation phenomenon when striking hard objects.Shrimpbot incorporates a Latch-Mediated Spring Actuation(LaMSA)to slowly store energy and release it instantaneously.A Diamond-Shaped Four-bar Linkage(DSFL)stretches springs to more effectively store elastic energy by reducing the maximum torque requirement of the motor.This design promised an average power amplification of over 30 times of the motor.Shape optimization and hydrophobic coating on the hammerhead and hand of Shrimpbot helped to reduce the water drag.The accomplished Shrimpbot reached an impact speed of over 12 m/s,at an acceleration of 2×10^(3) m/s^(2),an impact force of more than 1200 N in water,very close to the performance of mantis shrimp.More importantly,cavitation bubbles accompanied with the impacts were observed for the first time in mantis shrimp-inspired robots.Shrimpbot ingeniously employs only one motor to accomplish the striking automatically and repeatedly for practical purposes.Shrimpbot mimics the cavitation generation skills of mantis shrimp,which could facilitate the understanding of its mechanical principles and fluid dynamics of ultra-fast power-amplified systems of mantis shrimp and even those energy storage mechanisms of jumping robots or exoskeleton robots.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71303165)Sichuan University(Grant No.2015SCU04A19 and 2018SCUH0027)China Medical Board(Grant No.17-276)for their financial support.
文摘Objective:To assess the private hospital development in China during 2005-2016 from a global perspective.Methods:We searched the English and Chinese literature in PubMed,CNKI and Google Scholar databases with the keywords including“private hospitals in China”,“hospital ownership”,“public and private hospital”,“private hospital development”.Descriptive statistical analysis was used to assess the trend of the private hospital development in China and worldwide.Both the change of private hospitals in supply capacity and health care delivery were studied in this paper.The number of hospitals,number of hospital beds and the average number of hospital beds per hospital were employed to measure the supply capacity.The visit number,inpatients number,and bed occupancy rate(BOR)were used to measure the healthcare delivery.The data was collected from the China Health Statistical Yearbook and the“Organisation for Economic and Co-operation and Development(OECD)Statistics”website.Results:The private sector rapidly expanded in China’s hospital market in recent years.The number of private hospitals exceeded the public in 2015.There has also been a signi cant rise for the indicators of both the supply capacity(including number of hospitals,number of hospital beds and the average number of hospital beds per hospital)and the health care delivery(inpatients number and BOR)of the private hospitals.However,the growth rates of them were relatively lower than the public.The expansion trend of China’s private sector in the hospital market accorded with most the OECD countries around the world.In 2016,China was above the medium level of the share of the private hospitals’number with the OECD countries,but below the medium for the supply capacity,in terms of the hospital beds.Conclusion:As a result of the economic growth and supporting policy,the private sector has experienced a vast expansion in China’s hospital market in the past decade.The rising gap in average size between private and publicly owned hospitals,and the inconsistent development between the private hospitals’supply capacity and their market share,have become the two main challenges.Meanwhile,the future policy in supporting the private sector should be carefully introduced to advance the whole healthcare delivery system development in China.
基金supported in part by grants from the US National Institutes of Health(R21 EB0155091),the US Fulbright Scholar Program and Immunophotonics,IncThis work was also supported in part by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81000994)Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Com-mission(No.Z121107001012080).
文摘Anti-tunor immunological response induced by local intervention is ideal for treatment of metastatic tumors.Laser immunot herapy was developed to synergize photot hermal interaction with immunological stimulation for cancer treatment.Using an infrared laser,indocyanine green(ICG,as a light abeorbing agent),and glycated chitosan(GC,as an immunostimulant),.laser imm unot herapy has resulted in tumor suppression and anti-tumor responses in pre-clinical as well as clinical studies.To further understand the mechanism of laser immunotherapy,the efects of laser and GC treatment without specifc enhancement of laser absorption were studied.Passive adoptive immunity transfer was perfomed using splenocytes as immune cells.Spleen cells harvested from tumor-bearing mice treated by laser+GC provided 60%immunity in naive recipients.Furthermore,cytotoxicity and TNF-ar secretion by splenocytes from treated mice also indicated that laser+GC induced immunity was tumor-specific.The high level of infiltrating T cells in tumors after laser+GC treatment furt her confirned a specific anti-tumor immune response.Therefore,laser+GC could prove to be a promisi ng selective local trea tment modality that induces a systemic anti-tumor response,with appropriate laser parameters and GC doses.
基金European Space Agency(No.4000123342/18/I-NB)Science and Technology Service Network Initiative of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KFJ-STSZDTP-010-02)。
文摘The aim of this paper is to offer a statistically sound method to make a precise account of the speed of land degradation and regeneration processes.Most common analyses of land degradation focus instead on the extent of degraded areas,rather than on the intensity of degradation processes.The study was implemented for the Potential Extent of Desertification in China(PEDC),composed by arid,semi-arid,and dry sub-humid regions and refers to the period 2002 to 2012.The metrics were standard partial regression coefficients from stepwise regressions,fitted using Net Primary Productivity as the dependent variable,and year number and aridity as predictors.The results indicate that:①the extension of degrading lands(292896 km 2 or 9.12%of PEDC)overcomes the area that is recovering(194560 km 2 or 6.06%of PEDC);and②the intensity of degrading trends is lower than that of increasing trends in three land cover types(grassland,desert,and crops)and in two aridity levels(semi-arid and dry sub-humid).Such an outcome might pinpoint restoration policies by the Chinese government,and document a possible case of hysteresis.
基金supported by International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China (2013DFG60060)
文摘In a novel plasma-shade reactor for oxidative reforming of biogas(CH4/CO2=3/2),the effects of specific-energy-input (SEI) on CH4 and CO2 conversions and energy cost of syngas were investigated at O2/CH4ratios ranged from 0.42 to 0.67.At each of O2/CH4 ratios,V-shape profiles of energy cost of syngas increasing with SEI were observed,reaching the lowest value at the optimal SEI(Opt-SEI).With the increase of O2/CH4 ratio,the Opt-SEI decreased significantly.Moreover,at the Opt-SEI,O2 and CH4 conversions and dry-basis concentration of syngas increased and energy cost of syngas decreased greatly with the increase of O2/CH4 ratio.
基金supported by grants from the US National Institutes of Health (R21 EB0155091-01)Beijing Natural Science Foundation (4153064)from Beijing Nova program (Z131107000413104)。
文摘The ideal treatment modality for metastatic cancer would be a local treatment that can destroy primary tumors while inducing an effective systemic anti-tumor response.To this end,we de-veloped laser immunotherapy,combining photothermal laser application with an immunoadju-vant for the treatment of metastatic cancer.Additionally,to enhance the selective photothermal effect,we integrated light-absorbing nanomaterials into this innovative treatment.Specifically,we developed an immunologically modified carbon nanotube combining single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)with the immunoadjuvant glycated chitosan(GC).To determine the ef-fectiveness of laser iradiation,a series of experiments were performed using two different irra-diation durations-5 and 10 min.Rats were inoculated with DMBA-4 cancer cells,a metastatic cancer cell line.The treatment group of rats receiving laser irradiation for 10 min had a 50%long-term survival rate without residual primary or metastatic tumnors.The treatment group of rats receiving laser irradiation for 5 min had no long-term survivors;all rats died with multiple metastases at several distant sites.Therefore,Laser+SWNT-GC treatment with 10 min of laser irradiation proved to be efective at reducing tumor size and inducing long-term anti-tumor immunity.
基金Supported by Excellent Youth Talents Project of Guizhou Province Department of Forestry(Qian Lin Ke He J Zi[2021]09)Science and Technology Plan Project of Tongren City([2019]116,[2020]46,[2020]49).
文摘Aiming at the climatic characteristics of more rain and high humidity and cultivation habits of rapeseed in Tongren area,in terms of rapeseed and Morchella spp.interplanting,excellent varieties suitable for the local climate were selected,the formulas of culture substrate and nutrition bag were optimized to produce high-quality strains,soil pests were prevented and controlled,rapeseed was transplanted in time,Morchella spp.were sown in ditches,nutrition bags were placed simultaneously,thick soil was covered and fruiting ditches were left,and stress was arranged to promote growth of mycelia.The production cycle was 90-100 d.The yield of Morchella spp.reached 2250-3375 kg/ha,with a net profit of 6000-10000 yuan.
基金This research received financial support from various sources including the Innovation and Development Joint Fund of Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(Grant number CSTB2023NSCQ-LZX0099)Chongqing Science and Health Joint Medical High-end Talent Project(Grant No.2022GDRC012)+3 种基金Chongqing Biomedical R&D Major Special Project(Grant No.CSTB2022TIAD-STX0013)Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(Grant No.KJZD-K202100402)CQMU Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine(Grant No.W0073)the Southwest Medical University and Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University Joint Project(Grant No.2020XYLH-021).
文摘Background and Aims:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation is commonly observed in individuals with chronic HBV infection undergoing antineoplastic drug therapy.Paclitaxel(PTX)treatment has been identified as a potential trigger for HBV reactivation.This study aimed to uncover the mechanisms of PTX-induced HBV reactivation in vitro and in vivo,which may inform new strategies for HBV antiviral treatment.Methods:The impact of PTX on HBV replication was assessed through various methods including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,dual-luciferase reporter assay,quantitative real-time PCR,chromatin immunoprecipitation,and immunohistochemical staining.Transcriptome sequencing and 16S rRNA sequencing were employed to assess alterations in the transcriptome and microbial diversity in PTX-treated HBV transgenic mice.Results:PTX enhanced the levels of HBV 3.5-kb mRNA,HBV DNA,HBeAg,and HBsAg both in vitro and in vivo.PTX also promoted the activity of the HBV core promoter and transcription factor AP-1.Inhibition of AP-1 gene expression markedly suppressed PTX-induced HBV reactivation.Transcriptome sequencing revealed that PTX activated the immune-related signaling networks such as IL-17,NF-κB,and MAPK signaling pathways,with the pivotal common key molecule being AP-1.The 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that PTX induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota.Conclusions:PTX-induced HBV reactivation was likely a synergistic outcome of immune suppression and direct stimulation of HBV replication through the enhancement of HBV core promoter activity mediated by the transcription factor AP-1.These findings propose a novel molecular mechanism,underscoring the critical role of AP-1 in PTX-induced HBV reactivation.
文摘Renal cell carcinoma,which consists of three main histological subtypes,namely,clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC),papillary RCC(pRCC),and chromophobe RCC(chRCC),accounts for most kidney cancer cases.ccRCC accounts for approximately 85%of all RcC cases,1 and it is a malignant tumor with multiple molecular features and a poor prognosis.Studies have shown that ccRCC is one of the most immune and vaso-invasive cancer types.2 Considering that ccRCC is not sensitive to either radiotherapy or chemotherapy,targeted therapies.
