Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal carbides and/or nitrides(MXenes)have exhibited many outstanding merits,including good conductivity,tunable bandgap,high electric capacity and optical transparency[1,2].In the past s...Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal carbides and/or nitrides(MXenes)have exhibited many outstanding merits,including good conductivity,tunable bandgap,high electric capacity and optical transparency[1,2].In the past several years,MXenes have shown promising advantages in the fields of energy storage,electrocatalysis,electromagnetic shielding,and(opto-)electronic devices.These excellent properties can be tuned by controlling the chemical composition,shape and size of the nanosheets,defects,boundaries,and surface functional groups,etc.展开更多
Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is of great importance with the proceeding of dual carbon goals,for inorganic catalysts have been explored with high efficiency.The structure and properties of oxide composites might ...Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is of great importance with the proceeding of dual carbon goals,for inorganic catalysts have been explored with high efficiency.The structure and properties of oxide composites might take advantage of each compound and display an increased activity.In our previous study,boron doped-Cu_(3)NiBaTi_(4)O_(9)possessed a porous structure and its photocurrent response was apparent.To further verify its excellent catalytic activity,Al_(2)O_(3),and SiO_(2) were selected to replace with BaTi_(4)O_(9)to prepare different composites.The physical and chemical features of each sample were characterized with SEM,XRD,XPS,etc.to reveal their structural variations.Correspondingly,the H_(2)evolution rate was investigated with gas chromatography under the sunlight irritation.A distinct hydrogen yield was recorded with prepared samples.Further,the projected density of states analysis was taken through density functional theory calculations to appreciate the conduction band of the composite.The offered electrons during the photocatalytic process and the potential applicability of composites in the field of photocatalysis was verified.展开更多
The Dynamical Density Functional Theory(DDFT)algorithm,derived by associating classical Density Functional Theory(DFT)with the fundamental Smoluchowski dynamical equation,describes the evolution of inhomo-geneous flui...The Dynamical Density Functional Theory(DDFT)algorithm,derived by associating classical Density Functional Theory(DFT)with the fundamental Smoluchowski dynamical equation,describes the evolution of inhomo-geneous fluid density distributions over time.It plays a significant role in studying the evolution of density distributions over time in inhomogeneous systems.The Sunway Bluelight II supercomputer,as a new generation of China’s developed supercomputer,possesses powerful computational capabilities.Porting and optimizing industrial software on this platform holds significant importance.For the optimization of the DDFT algorithm,based on the Sunway Bluelight II supercomputer and the unique hardware architecture of the SW39000 processor,this work proposes three acceleration strategies to enhance computational efficiency and performance,including direct parallel optimization,local-memory constrained optimization for CPEs,and multi-core groups collaboration and communication optimization.This method combines the characteristics of the program’s algorithm with the unique hardware architecture of the Sunway Bluelight II supercomputer,optimizing the storage and transmission structures to achieve a closer integration of software and hardware.For the first time,this paper presents Sunway-Dynamical Density Functional Theory(SW-DDFT).Experimental results show that SW-DDFT achieves a speedup of 6.67 times within a single-core group compared to the original DDFT implementation,with six core groups(a total of 384 CPEs),the maximum speedup can reach 28.64 times,and parallel efficiency can reach 71%,demonstrating excellent acceleration performance.展开更多
The impact of the V-pits covering layer(VCL) position on the optoelectronic performance of InGaN-based green light-emitting diodes(LEDs) was investigated. It is found that earlier covering of V-pits will hinder the ho...The impact of the V-pits covering layer(VCL) position on the optoelectronic performance of InGaN-based green light-emitting diodes(LEDs) was investigated. It is found that earlier covering of V-pits will hinder the hole injection via the sidewall of V-pits, and then result in less quantum wells(QWs) participating in radioluminescence. The current-voltage characteristics show that the LEDs with earlier covering of V-pits have higher operating voltage at room temperature, and a more dramatic voltage rise with the reduction of temperature. Meanwhile, more manifested emission peaks for sidewall QWs and deeper QWs near to ntype layer was observed in the sample with earlier coveing of V-pits at cryogenic temperatures, for the reason that the holes being injected via V-pits sidewall have higher kinetic energy and could transport to deeper QWs.展开更多
Glucosinolates(GSLs) and their hydrolytic products contribute to the quality traits of rapeseed flowering stalk tissues, such as taste, flavor and anticarcinogenic properties(Glucoraphanin). However, little is known a...Glucosinolates(GSLs) and their hydrolytic products contribute to the quality traits of rapeseed flowering stalk tissues, such as taste, flavor and anticarcinogenic properties(Glucoraphanin). However, little is known about the genetic mechanisms of GSL accumulation in rapeseed flowering stalks. In this study, the variation and genetic architecture of GSL metabolites in flowering stalk tissues were investigated for the first time among a panel of 107 accessions. All GSL compounds exhibited continuous and wide variations in the present population. Progoitrin,glucobrassicanapin and gluconapin were the most abundant GSL compounds. Five quantitative trait loci(QTL) significantly associated with three GSL compounds were identified by genome-wide association study. GRA_C04 was under selected during modern breeding, in which the ratio of lower GSL haplotype(HAP2) in the accessions bred before 1990(52.56%) was significantly lower than that after 1990(78.95%). Four candidate genes, BnaA01. SOT16, BnaA06. SOT17, Bna A06. MYB51a, and Bna A06. MYB51b, were identified in the GTL_A01 and 4OH_A06 regions.These findings provide new insights into GSL biosynthesis in flowering stalk tissues and facilitate quality improvement in rapeseed flowering stalks.展开更多
The chlorophyll content has a direct effect on photosynthesis of crops.In order to explore a quick and convenient method for estimating the chlorophyll content of Brassica napus and facilitate efficient crop monitorin...The chlorophyll content has a direct effect on photosynthesis of crops.In order to explore a quick and convenient method for estimating the chlorophyll content of Brassica napus and facilitate efficient crop monitoring,we measured the actual value of chlorophyll with a SPAD-502 chlorophyll detector,and collected aerial images of B.napus with an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)carrying a RGB camera in this study.The total number of 270samples collected images were divided into regions according to the planting conditions of different B.napus varieties in the field.Then,according to the empirical formula,there were 36 colors’characteristic parameters calculated and combined.To estimate the chlorophyll content of rape,189 samples were included in the modeling set,while the other 81 samples were enrolled in the validation set for testing the accuracy of this model.After the combination of R(red),G(green)and B(blue)color channels,the results showed that the color characteristics B/(R+G),b,B/G,(G-B)/(G+B),g-b were highly connected with the measured value of chlorophyll SPAD,and the correlation coefficient between the combination based on B/(R+G)and SPAD value was 0.747.With R2=0.805,RMSE=3.343,and RE=6.84%,the regression model created using random forest had superior outcomes,according to the model comparison.This study offers a new method for quickly estimating the amount of chlorophyll in rapeseed and a workable reference for crop monitoring using the UAV platform.展开更多
Objective： To observe the adjuvant analgesic efficacy of Han＇s Acupoint Nerve Stimulator （HANS） in opioid tolerant patients with cancer pain. Methods： A prospective non-controlled study was conducted. Opioid tole...Objective： To observe the adjuvant analgesic efficacy of Han＇s Acupoint Nerve Stimulator （HANS） in opioid tolerant patients with cancer pain. Methods： A prospective non-controlled study was conducted. Opioid tolerant patients with cancer pain were enrolled and treated with both routinely analgesics and adjuvant HANS （2/100 Hz for 30 min/d, 5 d on and 2 d off for two weeks）. Cancer pain, quality of life （QOL）, anxiety and depression were assessed before enrollment and on d 8 and d 15 with the BPI-C, EORTC QLQ-C30, and self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）/ self-rating depression scale （SDS）, respectively; the therapeutic frequency of breakthrough pain （BP） and daily opioid dose were also recorded. Results： Totally 47 patients meeting the inclusion criteria participated in this study; 43 patients completed the two-week treatment and assessment. The mean scores of patient＇s ＂worst＂ and ＂least＂ pain intensity assessed with BPI-C decreased significantly on d 8 and d 15; the therapeutic frequency of BP also significantly decreased; but the average daily dose of opioids did not change significantly. For the nine symptoms in EORTC QLQ-C30 assessment, the mean scores of pain, fatigue, constipation and insomnia were significantly lower on d 8 and d 15 compared with baseline; the mean scores of the overall health status, nausea/vomiting and the incidence rates of both anxiety and depression also decreased significantly on d 15. Conclusions： To opioid tolerant patients with cancer pain, adjuvant treatment with HANS could improve pain release and patients＇ QOL by decreasing the severity of pain, fatigue, constipation, insomnia and other concomitant symptoms; it could also decrease the incidence rates of anxiety and depression.展开更多
Seeds might deteriorate,and lose the ability to germinate when stored under high temperature and high humidity.Brassica napus is one of the most important oil crops in China.However,B.napus seeds were generally stored...Seeds might deteriorate,and lose the ability to germinate when stored under high temperature and high humidity.Brassica napus is one of the most important oil crops in China.However,B.napus seeds were generally stored through summer season with high ambient temperature,which lead to seed viability loss.In order to understand the mechanism of seed response to heat stress and improve seed heat tolerance,B.napus seeds were treated with high temperature(40℃)and ultra-high temperature(60℃)for 4 h.The germination of heatstressed seeds were obviously slower,the germination index and vigor index decreased with temperature increase from 40 to 60℃,and the 40℃ pretreatment could improve the seed tolerance to 60℃ heat stress.Transcriptomics results showed that 442 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified in seeds after heat stress.Gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that some of the genes were involved in posttranslational modification,protein turnover,chaperones and carbohydrate transport,metabolic pathways and secondary metabolites biosynthesis pathway.Among these DEGs,sHSP and transcription factors genes were involved in heat stress tolerance.Thirty-two overlapping genes under different high temperature stress(40℃ and 60℃)were enriched in biological processes of response to oxidative stress and abiotic stimulus.The expression trends of 12 genes randomly selected from the RNA-seq data were almost consistent with the results of qRT-PCR.Our results revealed several potential candidate genes and pathways related to heat responsive by high temperature,which is beneficial for further improving the heat tolerance in B.napus seeds.展开更多
Objective: Polycystic kidney disease(PKD) is the major cause of kidney failure and mortality in humans. It has always been suspected that the development of cystic kidney disease shares features with tumorigenesis, al...Objective: Polycystic kidney disease(PKD) is the major cause of kidney failure and mortality in humans. It has always been suspected that the development of cystic kidney disease shares features with tumorigenesis, although the evidence is unclear.Methods: We crossed p53 mutant mice(p53N236S, p53S) with Werner syndrome mice and analyzed the pathological phenotypes.The RNA-seq, ss GSEA analysis, and real-time PCR were performed to dissect the gene signatures involved in the development of disease phenotypes.Results: We found enlarged kidneys with fluid-filled cysts in offspring mice with a genotype of G3mTerc^(-/-)WRN^(-/-)p53^(S/S)(G3TM).Pathology analysis confirmed the occurrence of PKD, and it was highly correlated with the incidence of tumorigenesis. RNA-seq data revealed the gene signatures involved in PKD development, and demonstrated that PKD and tumorigenesis shared common pathways, including complement pathways, lipid metabolism, mitochondria energy homeostasis and others. Interestingly, this G3TM PKD and the classical PKD1/2 deficient PKD shared common pathways, possibly because the mutant p53S could regulate the expression levels of PKD1/2, Pkhd1, and Hnf1b.Conclusions: We established a dual mouse model for PKD and tumorigenesis derived from abnormal cellular proliferation and telomere dysfunction. The innovative point of our study is to report PKD occurring in conjunction with tumorigenesis. The gene signatures revealed might shed new light on the pathogenesis of PKD, and provide new molecular biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and prognosis.展开更多
For some survivors, the consequences of cancer are minimal; these patients can return to a normal life after the completion of treatment. In fact, a majority of cancer survivors report being in good general health and...For some survivors, the consequences of cancer are minimal; these patients can return to a normal life after the completion of treatment. In fact, a majority of cancer survivors report being in good general health and experience good to excellent quality of life. A recent review suggests that at least 50% of survivors suffer from some late effects of cancer treatment. The most common problems in cancer survivors are depression, pain, and fatigue. The guidelines suggest the following standards for survivorship care:(1) prevention of new and recurrent cancers and other late effects;(2) surveillance for cancer spread, recurrence, or second cancers;(3) assessment of late psychosocial and medical effects;(4) intervention for consequences of cancer and treatment(eg, medical problems, symptoms, psychologic distress, financial and social concerns); and(5) coordination of care between primary care providers and specialists to ensure that all of the survivor's health needs are met. The NCCN Survivorship Panel hopes that these guidelines can help both oncologic and primary health care professionals lessen the burden left on survivors by their cancer experience so they can transition back to a rewarding life.展开更多
Genome duplication events,comprising whole-genome duplication and single-gene duplication,produce a complex genomic context leading to multiple levels of genetic changes.However,the characteristics of m^(6)A modificat...Genome duplication events,comprising whole-genome duplication and single-gene duplication,produce a complex genomic context leading to multiple levels of genetic changes.However,the characteristics of m^(6)A modification,the most widespread internal eukaryotic mRNA modification,in polyploid species are still poorly understood.This study revealed the characteristics of m^(6)A methylomes within the early formation and following the evolution of allopolyploid Brassica napus.We found a complex relationship between m^(6)A modification abundance and gene expression level depending on the degree of enrichment or presence/absence of m^(6)A modification.Overall,the m^(6)A genes had lower gene expression levels than the non-m^(6)A genes.Allopolyploidization may change the expression divergence of duplicated gene pairs with identical m^(6)A patterns and diverged m^(6)A patterns.Compared with duplicated genes,singletons with a higher evolutionary rate exhibited higher m^(6)A modification.Five kinds of duplicated genes exhibited distinct distributions of m^(6)A modifications in transcripts and gene expression level.In particular,tandem duplication-derived genes showed unique m^(6)A modification enrichment around the transcript start site.Active histone modifications(H3K27ac and H3K4me3)but not DNA methylation were enriched around genes of m^(6)A peaks.These findings provide a new understanding of the features of m 6A modification and gene expression regulation in allopolyploid plants with sophisticated genomic architecture.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)allow for atomic-scale manipulation,challenging the conventional limitations of semiconductor materials.This capability may overcome the short-channel effect,sp...Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)allow for atomic-scale manipulation,challenging the conventional limitations of semiconductor materials.This capability may overcome the short-channel effect,sparking significant advancements in electronic devices that utilize 2D TMDs.Exploring the dimension and performance limits of transistors based on 2D TMDs has gained substantial importance.This review provides a comprehensive investigation into these limits of the single 2D-TMD transistor.It delves into the impacts of miniaturization,including the reduction of channel length,gate length,source/drain contact length,and dielectric thickness on transistor operation and performance.In addition,this review provides a detailed analysis of performance parameters such as source/drain contact resistance,subthreshold swing,hysteresis loop,carrier mobility,on/off ratio,and the development of p-type and single logic transistors.This review details the two logical expressions of the single 2D-TMD logic transistor,including current and voltage.It also emphasizes the role of 2D TMD-based transistors as memory devices,focusing on enhancing memory operation speed,endurance,data retention,and extinction ratio,as well as reducing energy consumption in memory devices functioning as artificial synapses.This review demonstrates the two calculating methods for dynamic energy consumption of 2D synaptic devices.This review not only summarizes the current state of the art in this field but also highlights potential future research directions and applications.It underscores the anticipated challenges,opportunities,and potential solutions in navigating the dimension and performance boundaries of 2D transistors.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to survey the characteristics and treatments of cancer pain in Beijing hospitals,China.Methods:At 20:00 on December 22,2009,there conducted a questionnaire survey in 2238 patients with malig...Objective:This study aimed to survey the characteristics and treatments of cancer pain in Beijing hospitals,China.Methods:At 20:00 on December 22,2009,there conducted a questionnaire survey in 2238 patients with malignant tumors of 26 hospitals in Beijing,and the survey results were statistically analyzed.Results:The 531 cases in 2238 patients had pained and 121 cases (22.79%) had outbreak pain with one week.At 20:00 on December 22,2009,199 cases (38%) in the above-mentioned 531 pain patients suffered the moderate to severe pain (pain scores ≥ 4).The number of pain (pain scores ≥ 4) patients in the consecutive three days from December 20 to December 22 were 150.Conclusion:In the 531 cancer pain patients of the surveyed hospitals,38% of the patients were not satisfied with the pain control.Doctors believed that the main reason for pain not controlled was the non-standard treatment,but patients considered to be afraid of addiction.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter deals with state estimation issues of discrete-time nonlinear systems subject to denial-of-service(DoS)attacks under the try-once-discard(TOD)protocol.More specifically,to reduce the communicat...Dear Editor,This letter deals with state estimation issues of discrete-time nonlinear systems subject to denial-of-service(DoS)attacks under the try-once-discard(TOD)protocol.More specifically,to reduce the communication burden,a TOD protocol with novel update rules on protocol weights is designed for scheduling measurement outputs.In addition,unknown nonlinear functions vulnerable to DoS attacks are considered due to the openness and vulnerability of the network.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the changes and mechanism of angiogenesis in myocardium induced by transplantation of the sonic hedgehog (shh) gene transfected in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) after myocardial ...Objective: To investigate the changes and mechanism of angiogenesis in myocardium induced by transplantation of the sonic hedgehog (shh) gene transfected in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) after myocardial infarction. Methods: A rat model of acute myocardial infarction was made by coronary artery ligation. The rats were randomly divided into five groups of 40 rats each. These were further subdivided into groups of 10 rats. The peripheral regions of the infarcts were injected with either BMMSCSHH (transfection group), equivalent BMMSC (cell only group), BMMSC and pcDNA3.1-Shh DNA mixture (mixture group), pcDNA3.1-shh DNA alone (gene only group), or equal volumes of low-sugar DMEM medium (control group). One, two, four, and eight weeks after transplantation, specimens were harvested from the transplantation site to determine the expression of SHH signaling pathway downstream genes Ptc1, Gli-2, COUP-TF II, angiogenesis promoting factor VEGF, and Ang-1 using RT-PCR. Results: Seven days after transplantation, the expression of SHH signaling pathway downstream genes, Ptc1, Gli-2, and COUP-TF II was significantly more pronounced in the transfection group than in the control group, cell only group, gene only group, or mixture group (Ptc1: P P P < 0.05, and P COUP-TF II: P P P P Gli-2: P P P < 0.05, and P < 0.05, respectively). The expression of angiogenesis-promoting genes Vegf and Ang-1 was significantly more pronounced than in the control group, cell only group, or gene only group (Vegf: P P P Ang-1: P P P < 0.05, respectively). Conclusion: Transplantation of the shh-gene-transfected BMMSCs to the peripheral regions of myocardial infarcts promoted angiogenesis by upregulating downstream gene expression.展开更多
To better understand the effect of high temperature on seed viability, artificial aging treatments were implemented on 472 accessions of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) by constant high temperature at 70℃for 8h. Results...To better understand the effect of high temperature on seed viability, artificial aging treatments were implemented on 472 accessions of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) by constant high temperature at 70℃for 8h. Results showed a remarkable impact of constant heat on seed germination. After heat treatment, considerable variation was found in seed germinability, some genotypes even lost the ability to germinate. The effect of accelerated aging was highly significant. Germination parameters varied among ecotypes. Seed viability varied with different origin, and was significantly and positively correlated with seed yield per plant and dry weight of aboveground parts per plant among 14 agronomic traits. Germination traits were positively correlated with oil contents.展开更多
Simple sequence repeat(SSR) capillary electrophoresis and single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) array are widely used tools for investigating genetic diversity. However, efficiency between SSR and SNP on rapeseed geneti...Simple sequence repeat(SSR) capillary electrophoresis and single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) array are widely used tools for investigating genetic diversity. However, efficiency between SSR and SNP on rapeseed genetic diversity has not been systematically assessed yet. In this study, both SSR and SNP were used on 446 worldwide B. napus germplasm lines. Data shows that 65 pairs of primers(70 SSRs) and 250 SNPs were necessary to identify the similar accessions. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between 2 systems on basic statistics, population structures, principal components and kinship parameters. In general, either SSR or SNP is efficient for genetic diversity estimation. However, our data revealed the fact that SNP array system shows slightly more accuracy than SSR system on ecotype groups division.展开更多
目的结合肱骨上段双源CT定量骨密度测量方法,探讨测量肱骨近段骨皮质厚度(cortical bone thickness,CBT)预测肱骨近段局部骨密度的可行性。方法回顾性收集上海市第一人民医院外伤患者的肩关节正位X线片和双源CT图像,共纳入65例患者,平...目的结合肱骨上段双源CT定量骨密度测量方法,探讨测量肱骨近段骨皮质厚度(cortical bone thickness,CBT)预测肱骨近段局部骨密度的可行性。方法回顾性收集上海市第一人民医院外伤患者的肩关节正位X线片和双源CT图像,共纳入65例患者,平均年龄(49.5±15.2)岁,男:女=32:33,右:左=30:35。在正位X线片和重建冠状位CT图像上测量肱骨近段CBT,并计算皮质指数平均值(CBTavg)和皮质指数标准值(CBTg)。将肩关节双能量CT数据导入Syngo.via后处理工作站,取肱骨大结节平面与外科颈之间的中间平面作为参考平面,将肱骨头关节面两端连线做垂直等分线,从而将肱骨头分为4个部分,测量这4个部分之间的钙CT值(relative CT values of calcium,CaCT)和常规CT值(regular CT value,rCT)。研究CaCT、rCT与CBTavg、CBTg之间的相关性。结果平均CBTavg_(-Xray)为(0.68±0.11)cm,CBTavg_(-DECT)为(0.74±0.11)cm。CBTavg_(-Xray)和CBTavg_(-DECT),CBTg_(-Xray)和CBTg_(-DECT)之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),CBTavg_(-Xray)和CBTavg_(-DECT),CBTg_(-Xray)和CBTg_(-DECT)存在相关性,r值分别为0.679、0.747,P<0.001。CBTavg_(-Xray),CBTg_(-Xray),CBTavg_(-DECT),CBTg_(-DECT)和1-4区CaCT值、rCT值之间的相关性均不强(r值均<0.6)。结论肱骨近段的CBT与肱骨近段骨钙值相关性较差,不能够精确预测肱骨近段骨钙值;可通过测量双能量CT肱骨近段不同区域的CaCT值、rCT值,指导外科医生选择合适的内固定区域。展开更多
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal carbides and/or nitrides(MXenes)have exhibited many outstanding merits,including good conductivity,tunable bandgap,high electric capacity and optical transparency[1,2].In the past several years,MXenes have shown promising advantages in the fields of energy storage,electrocatalysis,electromagnetic shielding,and(opto-)electronic devices.These excellent properties can be tuned by controlling the chemical composition,shape and size of the nanosheets,defects,boundaries,and surface functional groups,etc.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2021D01A03)Key Research and Development Projects of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022B02038)+1 种基金Special Training Program for Scientific and Technological Talents of Ethnic Minorities in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2020D03025)Project of Tian chi talent leader in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022).
文摘Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is of great importance with the proceeding of dual carbon goals,for inorganic catalysts have been explored with high efficiency.The structure and properties of oxide composites might take advantage of each compound and display an increased activity.In our previous study,boron doped-Cu_(3)NiBaTi_(4)O_(9)possessed a porous structure and its photocurrent response was apparent.To further verify its excellent catalytic activity,Al_(2)O_(3),and SiO_(2) were selected to replace with BaTi_(4)O_(9)to prepare different composites.The physical and chemical features of each sample were characterized with SEM,XRD,XPS,etc.to reveal their structural variations.Correspondingly,the H_(2)evolution rate was investigated with gas chromatography under the sunlight irritation.A distinct hydrogen yield was recorded with prepared samples.Further,the projected density of states analysis was taken through density functional theory calculations to appreciate the conduction band of the composite.The offered electrons during the photocatalytic process and the potential applicability of composites in the field of photocatalysis was verified.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2024YFE0210800National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62495062Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant L242017.
文摘The Dynamical Density Functional Theory(DDFT)algorithm,derived by associating classical Density Functional Theory(DFT)with the fundamental Smoluchowski dynamical equation,describes the evolution of inhomo-geneous fluid density distributions over time.It plays a significant role in studying the evolution of density distributions over time in inhomogeneous systems.The Sunway Bluelight II supercomputer,as a new generation of China’s developed supercomputer,possesses powerful computational capabilities.Porting and optimizing industrial software on this platform holds significant importance.For the optimization of the DDFT algorithm,based on the Sunway Bluelight II supercomputer and the unique hardware architecture of the SW39000 processor,this work proposes three acceleration strategies to enhance computational efficiency and performance,including direct parallel optimization,local-memory constrained optimization for CPEs,and multi-core groups collaboration and communication optimization.This method combines the characteristics of the program’s algorithm with the unique hardware architecture of the Sunway Bluelight II supercomputer,optimizing the storage and transmission structures to achieve a closer integration of software and hardware.For the first time,this paper presents Sunway-Dynamical Density Functional Theory(SW-DDFT).Experimental results show that SW-DDFT achieves a speedup of 6.67 times within a single-core group compared to the original DDFT implementation,with six core groups(a total of 384 CPEs),the maximum speedup can reach 28.64 times,and parallel efficiency can reach 71%,demonstrating excellent acceleration performance.
基金supported by the State Key Program of the National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61334001)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2016YFB0400600 and 2016YFB0400601)Development Program of Jiangxi province(Grant No.20165ABC28007 and No20182ABC28003)
文摘The impact of the V-pits covering layer(VCL) position on the optoelectronic performance of InGaN-based green light-emitting diodes(LEDs) was investigated. It is found that earlier covering of V-pits will hinder the hole injection via the sidewall of V-pits, and then result in less quantum wells(QWs) participating in radioluminescence. The current-voltage characteristics show that the LEDs with earlier covering of V-pits have higher operating voltage at room temperature, and a more dramatic voltage rise with the reduction of temperature. Meanwhile, more manifested emission peaks for sidewall QWs and deeper QWs near to ntype layer was observed in the sample with earlier coveing of V-pits at cryogenic temperatures, for the reason that the holes being injected via V-pits sidewall have higher kinetic energy and could transport to deeper QWs.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development project of Hubei Province (Grant Nos. 2020BBB083, 2021BBA097 and 2021BBA102)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFD0100202)。
文摘Glucosinolates(GSLs) and their hydrolytic products contribute to the quality traits of rapeseed flowering stalk tissues, such as taste, flavor and anticarcinogenic properties(Glucoraphanin). However, little is known about the genetic mechanisms of GSL accumulation in rapeseed flowering stalks. In this study, the variation and genetic architecture of GSL metabolites in flowering stalk tissues were investigated for the first time among a panel of 107 accessions. All GSL compounds exhibited continuous and wide variations in the present population. Progoitrin,glucobrassicanapin and gluconapin were the most abundant GSL compounds. Five quantitative trait loci(QTL) significantly associated with three GSL compounds were identified by genome-wide association study. GRA_C04 was under selected during modern breeding, in which the ratio of lower GSL haplotype(HAP2) in the accessions bred before 1990(52.56%) was significantly lower than that after 1990(78.95%). Four candidate genes, BnaA01. SOT16, BnaA06. SOT17, Bna A06. MYB51a, and Bna A06. MYB51b, were identified in the GTL_A01 and 4OH_A06 regions.These findings provide new insights into GSL biosynthesis in flowering stalk tissues and facilitate quality improvement in rapeseed flowering stalks.
基金Special Project for Protection and Utilization of Crop Germplasm Resources of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(No.2021-19210163,No.2021-19211041,No.202119210876)2021 Hubei Provincial Teaching Research Project:Research on course case base construction of agricultural engineering and information technology(No.2021351)。
文摘The chlorophyll content has a direct effect on photosynthesis of crops.In order to explore a quick and convenient method for estimating the chlorophyll content of Brassica napus and facilitate efficient crop monitoring,we measured the actual value of chlorophyll with a SPAD-502 chlorophyll detector,and collected aerial images of B.napus with an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)carrying a RGB camera in this study.The total number of 270samples collected images were divided into regions according to the planting conditions of different B.napus varieties in the field.Then,according to the empirical formula,there were 36 colors’characteristic parameters calculated and combined.To estimate the chlorophyll content of rape,189 samples were included in the modeling set,while the other 81 samples were enrolled in the validation set for testing the accuracy of this model.After the combination of R(red),G(green)and B(blue)color channels,the results showed that the color characteristics B/(R+G),b,B/G,(G-B)/(G+B),g-b were highly connected with the measured value of chlorophyll SPAD,and the correlation coefficient between the combination based on B/(R+G)and SPAD value was 0.747.With R2=0.805,RMSE=3.343,and RE=6.84%,the regression model created using random forest had superior outcomes,according to the model comparison.This study offers a new method for quickly estimating the amount of chlorophyll in rapeseed and a workable reference for crop monitoring using the UAV platform.
文摘Objective： To observe the adjuvant analgesic efficacy of Han＇s Acupoint Nerve Stimulator （HANS） in opioid tolerant patients with cancer pain. Methods： A prospective non-controlled study was conducted. Opioid tolerant patients with cancer pain were enrolled and treated with both routinely analgesics and adjuvant HANS （2/100 Hz for 30 min/d, 5 d on and 2 d off for two weeks）. Cancer pain, quality of life （QOL）, anxiety and depression were assessed before enrollment and on d 8 and d 15 with the BPI-C, EORTC QLQ-C30, and self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）/ self-rating depression scale （SDS）, respectively; the therapeutic frequency of breakthrough pain （BP） and daily opioid dose were also recorded. Results： Totally 47 patients meeting the inclusion criteria participated in this study; 43 patients completed the two-week treatment and assessment. The mean scores of patient＇s ＂worst＂ and ＂least＂ pain intensity assessed with BPI-C decreased significantly on d 8 and d 15; the therapeutic frequency of BP also significantly decreased; but the average daily dose of opioids did not change significantly. For the nine symptoms in EORTC QLQ-C30 assessment, the mean scores of pain, fatigue, constipation and insomnia were significantly lower on d 8 and d 15 compared with baseline; the mean scores of the overall health status, nausea/vomiting and the incidence rates of both anxiety and depression also decreased significantly on d 15. Conclusions： To opioid tolerant patients with cancer pain, adjuvant treatment with HANS could improve pain release and patients＇ QOL by decreasing the severity of pain, fatigue, constipation, insomnia and other concomitant symptoms; it could also decrease the incidence rates of anxiety and depression.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(31601341)The National Key Program Research and Development of China(2016YFD0100202).
文摘Seeds might deteriorate,and lose the ability to germinate when stored under high temperature and high humidity.Brassica napus is one of the most important oil crops in China.However,B.napus seeds were generally stored through summer season with high ambient temperature,which lead to seed viability loss.In order to understand the mechanism of seed response to heat stress and improve seed heat tolerance,B.napus seeds were treated with high temperature(40℃)and ultra-high temperature(60℃)for 4 h.The germination of heatstressed seeds were obviously slower,the germination index and vigor index decreased with temperature increase from 40 to 60℃,and the 40℃ pretreatment could improve the seed tolerance to 60℃ heat stress.Transcriptomics results showed that 442 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified in seeds after heat stress.Gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that some of the genes were involved in posttranslational modification,protein turnover,chaperones and carbohydrate transport,metabolic pathways and secondary metabolites biosynthesis pathway.Among these DEGs,sHSP and transcription factors genes were involved in heat stress tolerance.Thirty-two overlapping genes under different high temperature stress(40℃ and 60℃)were enriched in biological processes of response to oxidative stress and abiotic stimulus.The expression trends of 12 genes randomly selected from the RNA-seq data were almost consistent with the results of qRT-PCR.Our results revealed several potential candidate genes and pathways related to heat responsive by high temperature,which is beneficial for further improving the heat tolerance in B.napus seeds.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant No. 30771194 and 31170735)
文摘Objective: Polycystic kidney disease(PKD) is the major cause of kidney failure and mortality in humans. It has always been suspected that the development of cystic kidney disease shares features with tumorigenesis, although the evidence is unclear.Methods: We crossed p53 mutant mice(p53N236S, p53S) with Werner syndrome mice and analyzed the pathological phenotypes.The RNA-seq, ss GSEA analysis, and real-time PCR were performed to dissect the gene signatures involved in the development of disease phenotypes.Results: We found enlarged kidneys with fluid-filled cysts in offspring mice with a genotype of G3mTerc^(-/-)WRN^(-/-)p53^(S/S)(G3TM).Pathology analysis confirmed the occurrence of PKD, and it was highly correlated with the incidence of tumorigenesis. RNA-seq data revealed the gene signatures involved in PKD development, and demonstrated that PKD and tumorigenesis shared common pathways, including complement pathways, lipid metabolism, mitochondria energy homeostasis and others. Interestingly, this G3TM PKD and the classical PKD1/2 deficient PKD shared common pathways, possibly because the mutant p53S could regulate the expression levels of PKD1/2, Pkhd1, and Hnf1b.Conclusions: We established a dual mouse model for PKD and tumorigenesis derived from abnormal cellular proliferation and telomere dysfunction. The innovative point of our study is to report PKD occurring in conjunction with tumorigenesis. The gene signatures revealed might shed new light on the pathogenesis of PKD, and provide new molecular biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and prognosis.
文摘For some survivors, the consequences of cancer are minimal; these patients can return to a normal life after the completion of treatment. In fact, a majority of cancer survivors report being in good general health and experience good to excellent quality of life. A recent review suggests that at least 50% of survivors suffer from some late effects of cancer treatment. The most common problems in cancer survivors are depression, pain, and fatigue. The guidelines suggest the following standards for survivorship care:(1) prevention of new and recurrent cancers and other late effects;(2) surveillance for cancer spread, recurrence, or second cancers;(3) assessment of late psychosocial and medical effects;(4) intervention for consequences of cancer and treatment(eg, medical problems, symptoms, psychologic distress, financial and social concerns); and(5) coordination of care between primary care providers and specialists to ensure that all of the survivor's health needs are met. The NCCN Survivorship Panel hopes that these guidelines can help both oncologic and primary health care professionals lessen the burden left on survivors by their cancer experience so they can transition back to a rewarding life.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970241).
文摘Genome duplication events,comprising whole-genome duplication and single-gene duplication,produce a complex genomic context leading to multiple levels of genetic changes.However,the characteristics of m^(6)A modification,the most widespread internal eukaryotic mRNA modification,in polyploid species are still poorly understood.This study revealed the characteristics of m^(6)A methylomes within the early formation and following the evolution of allopolyploid Brassica napus.We found a complex relationship between m^(6)A modification abundance and gene expression level depending on the degree of enrichment or presence/absence of m^(6)A modification.Overall,the m^(6)A genes had lower gene expression levels than the non-m^(6)A genes.Allopolyploidization may change the expression divergence of duplicated gene pairs with identical m^(6)A patterns and diverged m^(6)A patterns.Compared with duplicated genes,singletons with a higher evolutionary rate exhibited higher m^(6)A modification.Five kinds of duplicated genes exhibited distinct distributions of m^(6)A modifications in transcripts and gene expression level.In particular,tandem duplication-derived genes showed unique m^(6)A modification enrichment around the transcript start site.Active histone modifications(H3K27ac and H3K4me3)but not DNA methylation were enriched around genes of m^(6)A peaks.These findings provide a new understanding of the features of m 6A modification and gene expression regulation in allopolyploid plants with sophisticated genomic architecture.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Plan of China(Grant 2021YFB3600703)the National Natural Science Foundation(Grant 62204137)of China for Youth,the Open Research Fund Program of Beijing National Research Centre for Information Science and Technology(BR2023KF02009)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of china(U20A20168,61874065,and 51861145202)the Research Fund from Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program,the Center for Flexible Electronics Technology of Tsinghua University,and a grant from the Guoqiang Institute,Tsinghua University.
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)allow for atomic-scale manipulation,challenging the conventional limitations of semiconductor materials.This capability may overcome the short-channel effect,sparking significant advancements in electronic devices that utilize 2D TMDs.Exploring the dimension and performance limits of transistors based on 2D TMDs has gained substantial importance.This review provides a comprehensive investigation into these limits of the single 2D-TMD transistor.It delves into the impacts of miniaturization,including the reduction of channel length,gate length,source/drain contact length,and dielectric thickness on transistor operation and performance.In addition,this review provides a detailed analysis of performance parameters such as source/drain contact resistance,subthreshold swing,hysteresis loop,carrier mobility,on/off ratio,and the development of p-type and single logic transistors.This review details the two logical expressions of the single 2D-TMD logic transistor,including current and voltage.It also emphasizes the role of 2D TMD-based transistors as memory devices,focusing on enhancing memory operation speed,endurance,data retention,and extinction ratio,as well as reducing energy consumption in memory devices functioning as artificial synapses.This review demonstrates the two calculating methods for dynamic energy consumption of 2D synaptic devices.This review not only summarizes the current state of the art in this field but also highlights potential future research directions and applications.It underscores the anticipated challenges,opportunities,and potential solutions in navigating the dimension and performance boundaries of 2D transistors.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to survey the characteristics and treatments of cancer pain in Beijing hospitals,China.Methods:At 20:00 on December 22,2009,there conducted a questionnaire survey in 2238 patients with malignant tumors of 26 hospitals in Beijing,and the survey results were statistically analyzed.Results:The 531 cases in 2238 patients had pained and 121 cases (22.79%) had outbreak pain with one week.At 20:00 on December 22,2009,199 cases (38%) in the above-mentioned 531 pain patients suffered the moderate to severe pain (pain scores ≥ 4).The number of pain (pain scores ≥ 4) patients in the consecutive three days from December 20 to December 22 were 150.Conclusion:In the 531 cancer pain patients of the surveyed hospitals,38% of the patients were not satisfied with the pain control.Doctors believed that the main reason for pain not controlled was the non-standard treatment,but patients considered to be afraid of addiction.
基金supported in part by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2021QF057)Taishan Scholars Program(tsqn202211203)+3 种基金Shandong Provincial Higher Education Youth Innovation Team Development Project(2022KJ 290)“20 New Universities”Project of Jinan City(202228077)QLU/SDAS Computer Science and Technology Fundamental Research Enhancement Program(2021JC02023)QLU/SDAS Pilot Project for Integrated Innovation of Science,Education,and Industry(2022JBZ01-01).
文摘Dear Editor,This letter deals with state estimation issues of discrete-time nonlinear systems subject to denial-of-service(DoS)attacks under the try-once-discard(TOD)protocol.More specifically,to reduce the communication burden,a TOD protocol with novel update rules on protocol weights is designed for scheduling measurement outputs.In addition,unknown nonlinear functions vulnerable to DoS attacks are considered due to the openness and vulnerability of the network.
文摘Objective: To investigate the changes and mechanism of angiogenesis in myocardium induced by transplantation of the sonic hedgehog (shh) gene transfected in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) after myocardial infarction. Methods: A rat model of acute myocardial infarction was made by coronary artery ligation. The rats were randomly divided into five groups of 40 rats each. These were further subdivided into groups of 10 rats. The peripheral regions of the infarcts were injected with either BMMSCSHH (transfection group), equivalent BMMSC (cell only group), BMMSC and pcDNA3.1-Shh DNA mixture (mixture group), pcDNA3.1-shh DNA alone (gene only group), or equal volumes of low-sugar DMEM medium (control group). One, two, four, and eight weeks after transplantation, specimens were harvested from the transplantation site to determine the expression of SHH signaling pathway downstream genes Ptc1, Gli-2, COUP-TF II, angiogenesis promoting factor VEGF, and Ang-1 using RT-PCR. Results: Seven days after transplantation, the expression of SHH signaling pathway downstream genes, Ptc1, Gli-2, and COUP-TF II was significantly more pronounced in the transfection group than in the control group, cell only group, gene only group, or mixture group (Ptc1: P P P < 0.05, and P COUP-TF II: P P P P Gli-2: P P P < 0.05, and P < 0.05, respectively). The expression of angiogenesis-promoting genes Vegf and Ang-1 was significantly more pronounced than in the control group, cell only group, or gene only group (Vegf: P P P Ang-1: P P P < 0.05, respectively). Conclusion: Transplantation of the shh-gene-transfected BMMSCs to the peripheral regions of myocardial infarcts promoted angiogenesis by upregulating downstream gene expression.
基金supported by the Nature Science Foundation of China (31601341)
文摘To better understand the effect of high temperature on seed viability, artificial aging treatments were implemented on 472 accessions of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) by constant high temperature at 70℃for 8h. Results showed a remarkable impact of constant heat on seed germination. After heat treatment, considerable variation was found in seed germinability, some genotypes even lost the ability to germinate. The effect of accelerated aging was highly significant. Germination parameters varied among ecotypes. Seed viability varied with different origin, and was significantly and positively correlated with seed yield per plant and dry weight of aboveground parts per plant among 14 agronomic traits. Germination traits were positively correlated with oil contents.
基金supported by National Key R & D Program"Accurate identification and innovative utilization of main cash crop germplasm resources" (2016YFD0100202)
文摘Simple sequence repeat(SSR) capillary electrophoresis and single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) array are widely used tools for investigating genetic diversity. However, efficiency between SSR and SNP on rapeseed genetic diversity has not been systematically assessed yet. In this study, both SSR and SNP were used on 446 worldwide B. napus germplasm lines. Data shows that 65 pairs of primers(70 SSRs) and 250 SNPs were necessary to identify the similar accessions. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between 2 systems on basic statistics, population structures, principal components and kinship parameters. In general, either SSR or SNP is efficient for genetic diversity estimation. However, our data revealed the fact that SNP array system shows slightly more accuracy than SSR system on ecotype groups division.
文摘目的结合肱骨上段双源CT定量骨密度测量方法,探讨测量肱骨近段骨皮质厚度(cortical bone thickness,CBT)预测肱骨近段局部骨密度的可行性。方法回顾性收集上海市第一人民医院外伤患者的肩关节正位X线片和双源CT图像,共纳入65例患者,平均年龄(49.5±15.2)岁,男:女=32:33,右:左=30:35。在正位X线片和重建冠状位CT图像上测量肱骨近段CBT,并计算皮质指数平均值(CBTavg)和皮质指数标准值(CBTg)。将肩关节双能量CT数据导入Syngo.via后处理工作站,取肱骨大结节平面与外科颈之间的中间平面作为参考平面,将肱骨头关节面两端连线做垂直等分线,从而将肱骨头分为4个部分,测量这4个部分之间的钙CT值(relative CT values of calcium,CaCT)和常规CT值(regular CT value,rCT)。研究CaCT、rCT与CBTavg、CBTg之间的相关性。结果平均CBTavg_(-Xray)为(0.68±0.11)cm,CBTavg_(-DECT)为(0.74±0.11)cm。CBTavg_(-Xray)和CBTavg_(-DECT),CBTg_(-Xray)和CBTg_(-DECT)之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),CBTavg_(-Xray)和CBTavg_(-DECT),CBTg_(-Xray)和CBTg_(-DECT)存在相关性,r值分别为0.679、0.747,P<0.001。CBTavg_(-Xray),CBTg_(-Xray),CBTavg_(-DECT),CBTg_(-DECT)和1-4区CaCT值、rCT值之间的相关性均不强(r值均<0.6)。结论肱骨近段的CBT与肱骨近段骨钙值相关性较差,不能够精确预测肱骨近段骨钙值;可通过测量双能量CT肱骨近段不同区域的CaCT值、rCT值,指导外科医生选择合适的内固定区域。
