BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma(ESCC)is a highly aggressive cancer,predominantly affecting populations in Eastern Asia and parts of Africa.Its pathogenesis is influenced by both genetic and environmental...BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma(ESCC)is a highly aggressive cancer,predominantly affecting populations in Eastern Asia and parts of Africa.Its pathogenesis is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.Despite recent therapeutic advances,survival rates remain dismal,underscoring an urgent need for novel therapeutic targets.AIM To investigate the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha(HIF1A)in the progression of ESCC and its impact on the metabolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA),which is crucial for the glycolytic pathway in hypoxic tumor environments.METHODS Utilizing transcriptomic data from multiple public databases,we analyzed differential gene expression and conducted gene ontology and transcription factor network analyses.The regulatory impact of HIF1A on LDHA was specifically examined through integrative analysis with HIF1A ChIP-seq data and confirmed via siRNA-mediated knockdown experiments in ESCC cell lines.RESULTS Our findings reveal a significant upregulation of HIF1A in ESCC tissues,associated with poor prognosis.HIF1A directly regulates LDHA,enhancing glycolysis under hypoxic conditions and contributing to tumor aggressiveness.Knockdown of HIF1A in cell lines not only reduced LDHA expression but also altered key pathways related to cell cycle and apoptosis.CONCLUSION The critical role of the HIF1A-LDHA axis in ESCC highlights its potential as a therapeutic target,underscoring the need for future clinical trials to validate the efficacy of HIF1A inhibitors in enhancing treatment outcomes.展开更多
Ischemic stroke has a higher survival rate and is more likely to result in cognitive impairment than hemorrhagic stroke.The primary pathological mechanism underlying cognitive impairment involves dysfunction of neural...Ischemic stroke has a higher survival rate and is more likely to result in cognitive impairment than hemorrhagic stroke.The primary pathological mechanism underlying cognitive impairment involves dysfunction of neural circuits and damage to specific brain regions.This review aims to investigate the role of the hippocampus in cognitive impairment following a stroke.A review of the literature suggests that the hippocampus is a metabolically active structure that is easily involved in various metabolic states,such as hypoxia and hypoglycaemia.The functional changes in hippocampal cells associated with poststroke cognitive impairment mainly manifest as neuronal apoptosis,impaired synaptic plasticity,and decreased neurogenesis.The primary pathological mechanism of poststroke cognitive impairment involves a complex cascade of reactions,including neuroinflammatory activation,bursts of oxidative stress,and neuronal apoptosis induced by mitochondrial dysfunction.Interventional drugs for cognitive impairment after cerebral ischemia include neuroprotective drugs,traditional Chinese medicines and their extracts,and stem cell therapies.Many of these drugs have unique advantages,including the inhibition of neuroinflammation,the prevention of apoptosis,and the promotion of neurogenesis.They hold great potential for the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment following cerebral ischemia.However,most current studies are animal experiments,and relatively few clinical studies exist.In future research,emphasis should be placed on interventions for cognitive impairment following cerebral ischemia.These findings offer novel perspectives for the treatment of cognitive impairment after cerebral ischemia.Finally,the role of hippocampal cell dysfunction in other diseases associated with cognitive decline is briefly discussed.The aim of this review is to provide researchers with a comprehensive overview of the role of the hippocampus in cognitive impairment and its intervention strategies.展开更多
Overview of diabetic gastroparesis Diabetic gastroparesis(DGP)is a common gastrointestinal complication of diabetes mellitus,characterized primarily by delayed gastric emptying.With the rising prevalence of diabetes,t...Overview of diabetic gastroparesis Diabetic gastroparesis(DGP)is a common gastrointestinal complication of diabetes mellitus,characterized primarily by delayed gastric emptying.With the rising prevalence of diabetes,the incidence of DGP has increased annually,currently affecting approximately 50%of diabetic patients[1].Its main clinical manifestations include belching,nausea,vomiting,abdominal distension,and anorexia,which not only severely impair patients’quality of life but also trigger serious complications such as blood glucose fluctuations[2].Diagnosis primarily relies on clinical symptoms,exclusionary testing,and gastric emptying scintigraphy.展开更多
Pancreatic cancer,specifically pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC),ranks among the most prevalent malignancies and is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.Therefore,there is an urgent need to ident...Pancreatic cancer,specifically pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC),ranks among the most prevalent malignancies and is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.Therefore,there is an urgent need to identify novel anti-pancreatic cancer agents.This study reports a newly identified homogeneous polysaccharide,designated ESPPW,isolated from Arthrospira platensis(A.platensis).The molecular weight of ESPPW is estimated at 356 kDa,and it consists predominantly of glucose and rhamnose,with minor amounts of mannose,glucuronic acid,galacturonic acid,galactose,xylose,arabinose,and fucose.ESPPW inhibits the proliferation and migration of PDAC cells both in vitro and in vivo.Mechanistic investigations reveal that ESPPW induces apoptosis through activation of caspase-3 and is associated with upregulation of the tumor-suppressor protein p53.Notably,treatment with 2.8 nmol·L^(-1) of ESPPW leads to significant time-dependent downregulation of galectin-3(Gal-3)and glypican-6(GPC-6).These findings are corroborated by immunohistochemical analysis of tumor xenograft tissues.Furthermore,overexpression of Gal-3 and GPC-6 reverses the pro-apoptotic effect of ESPPW,as indicated by restored cycle regulatory proteins(CDK2)expression.In conclusion,these data demonstrate that ESPPW suppresses PDAC cell growth by promoting apoptosis and disrupting the functional activity of Gal-3 and GPC-6.展开更多
The integrated planting and breeding of paddy fields is a kind of eco-planting and breeding mode which makes rice and aquatic animals benefit from each other,greatly reducing the harm of rice pests and diseases,using ...The integrated planting and breeding of paddy fields is a kind of eco-planting and breeding mode which makes rice and aquatic animals benefit from each other,greatly reducing the harm of rice pests and diseases,using less or even no fertilizers or pesticides,greatly reducing the agricultural non-point source pollution,thus achieving the " multiple use of water,multiple harvests in one field,grain and fishing winwin,ecological and high efficient use. " In this paper,the high yield and efficient cultivation techniques of rice under the rice-fish intergrowth model in Chengdu was introduced from the aspects of selecting good paddy fields for fishing,using appropriate rice varieties,soaking disinfection,timely sowing and nurturing strong seedlings,reasonable close planting,reasonable fertilization,scientific water management,scientific pest control and rice harvests.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma(ESCC)is a highly aggressive cancer,predominantly affecting populations in Eastern Asia and parts of Africa.Its pathogenesis is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.Despite recent therapeutic advances,survival rates remain dismal,underscoring an urgent need for novel therapeutic targets.AIM To investigate the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha(HIF1A)in the progression of ESCC and its impact on the metabolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA),which is crucial for the glycolytic pathway in hypoxic tumor environments.METHODS Utilizing transcriptomic data from multiple public databases,we analyzed differential gene expression and conducted gene ontology and transcription factor network analyses.The regulatory impact of HIF1A on LDHA was specifically examined through integrative analysis with HIF1A ChIP-seq data and confirmed via siRNA-mediated knockdown experiments in ESCC cell lines.RESULTS Our findings reveal a significant upregulation of HIF1A in ESCC tissues,associated with poor prognosis.HIF1A directly regulates LDHA,enhancing glycolysis under hypoxic conditions and contributing to tumor aggressiveness.Knockdown of HIF1A in cell lines not only reduced LDHA expression but also altered key pathways related to cell cycle and apoptosis.CONCLUSION The critical role of the HIF1A-LDHA axis in ESCC highlights its potential as a therapeutic target,underscoring the need for future clinical trials to validate the efficacy of HIF1A inhibitors in enhancing treatment outcomes.
基金supported by Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,No.KYCX25_3785(to JY).
文摘Ischemic stroke has a higher survival rate and is more likely to result in cognitive impairment than hemorrhagic stroke.The primary pathological mechanism underlying cognitive impairment involves dysfunction of neural circuits and damage to specific brain regions.This review aims to investigate the role of the hippocampus in cognitive impairment following a stroke.A review of the literature suggests that the hippocampus is a metabolically active structure that is easily involved in various metabolic states,such as hypoxia and hypoglycaemia.The functional changes in hippocampal cells associated with poststroke cognitive impairment mainly manifest as neuronal apoptosis,impaired synaptic plasticity,and decreased neurogenesis.The primary pathological mechanism of poststroke cognitive impairment involves a complex cascade of reactions,including neuroinflammatory activation,bursts of oxidative stress,and neuronal apoptosis induced by mitochondrial dysfunction.Interventional drugs for cognitive impairment after cerebral ischemia include neuroprotective drugs,traditional Chinese medicines and their extracts,and stem cell therapies.Many of these drugs have unique advantages,including the inhibition of neuroinflammation,the prevention of apoptosis,and the promotion of neurogenesis.They hold great potential for the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment following cerebral ischemia.However,most current studies are animal experiments,and relatively few clinical studies exist.In future research,emphasis should be placed on interventions for cognitive impairment following cerebral ischemia.These findings offer novel perspectives for the treatment of cognitive impairment after cerebral ischemia.Finally,the role of hippocampal cell dysfunction in other diseases associated with cognitive decline is briefly discussed.The aim of this review is to provide researchers with a comprehensive overview of the role of the hippocampus in cognitive impairment and its intervention strategies.
基金supported by the Yunnan Provincial Department of Education University-Hospital Joint Special Project(Grant No.XYLH202338)the National Health Commission Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center Project(Grant No.GWJJMB202510024141).
文摘Overview of diabetic gastroparesis Diabetic gastroparesis(DGP)is a common gastrointestinal complication of diabetes mellitus,characterized primarily by delayed gastric emptying.With the rising prevalence of diabetes,the incidence of DGP has increased annually,currently affecting approximately 50%of diabetic patients[1].Its main clinical manifestations include belching,nausea,vomiting,abdominal distension,and anorexia,which not only severely impair patients’quality of life but also trigger serious complications such as blood glucose fluctuations[2].Diagnosis primarily relies on clinical symptoms,exclusionary testing,and gastric emptying scintigraphy.
基金supported by Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Projectthe Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA12020373)+2 种基金the New Drug Creation and Manufacturing Program(No.2019ZX09735001)the Ministry of Science and Technology,the People's Republic of China and National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81903762)the Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources(Guangxi Normal University,No.CMEMR2016-B02)。
文摘Pancreatic cancer,specifically pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC),ranks among the most prevalent malignancies and is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.Therefore,there is an urgent need to identify novel anti-pancreatic cancer agents.This study reports a newly identified homogeneous polysaccharide,designated ESPPW,isolated from Arthrospira platensis(A.platensis).The molecular weight of ESPPW is estimated at 356 kDa,and it consists predominantly of glucose and rhamnose,with minor amounts of mannose,glucuronic acid,galacturonic acid,galactose,xylose,arabinose,and fucose.ESPPW inhibits the proliferation and migration of PDAC cells both in vitro and in vivo.Mechanistic investigations reveal that ESPPW induces apoptosis through activation of caspase-3 and is associated with upregulation of the tumor-suppressor protein p53.Notably,treatment with 2.8 nmol·L^(-1) of ESPPW leads to significant time-dependent downregulation of galectin-3(Gal-3)and glypican-6(GPC-6).These findings are corroborated by immunohistochemical analysis of tumor xenograft tissues.Furthermore,overexpression of Gal-3 and GPC-6 reverses the pro-apoptotic effect of ESPPW,as indicated by restored cycle regulatory proteins(CDK2)expression.In conclusion,these data demonstrate that ESPPW suppresses PDAC cell growth by promoting apoptosis and disrupting the functional activity of Gal-3 and GPC-6.
文摘The integrated planting and breeding of paddy fields is a kind of eco-planting and breeding mode which makes rice and aquatic animals benefit from each other,greatly reducing the harm of rice pests and diseases,using less or even no fertilizers or pesticides,greatly reducing the agricultural non-point source pollution,thus achieving the " multiple use of water,multiple harvests in one field,grain and fishing winwin,ecological and high efficient use. " In this paper,the high yield and efficient cultivation techniques of rice under the rice-fish intergrowth model in Chengdu was introduced from the aspects of selecting good paddy fields for fishing,using appropriate rice varieties,soaking disinfection,timely sowing and nurturing strong seedlings,reasonable close planting,reasonable fertilization,scientific water management,scientific pest control and rice harvests.
