Objective:Temozolomide(TMZ)is commonly used for glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)chemotherapy.However,drug resistance limits its therapeutic effect in GBM treatment.RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)have vital roles in posttranscr...Objective:Temozolomide(TMZ)is commonly used for glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)chemotherapy.However,drug resistance limits its therapeutic effect in GBM treatment.RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)have vital roles in posttranscriptional events.While disturbance of RBP-RNA network activity is potentially associated with cancer development,the precise mechanisms are not fully known.The SNRPG gene,encoding small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G,was recently found to be related to cancer incidence,but its exact function has yet to be elucidated.Methods:SNRPG knockdown was achieved via short hairpin RNAs.Gene expression profiling and Western blot analyses were used to identify potential glioma cell growth signaling pathways affected by SNRPG.Xenograft tumors were examined to determine the carcinogenic effects of SNRPG on glioma tissues.Results:The SNRPG-mediated inhibitory effect on glioma cells might be due to the targeted prevention of Myc and p53.In addition,the effects of SNRPG loss on p53 levels and cell cycle progression were found to be Myc-dependent.Furthermore,SNRPG was increased in TMZ-resistant GBM cells,and downregulation of SNRPG potentially sensitized resistant cells to TMZ,suggesting that SNRPG deficiency decreases the chemoresistance of GBM cells to TMZ via the p53 signaling pathway.Our data confirmed that SNRPG suppression sensitizes GBM cells to TMZ by targeting Myc via the p53 signaling cascade.Conclusions:These results indicated that SNRPG is a probable molecular target of GBM and suggested that suppressing SNRPG in resistant GBM cells might be a substantially beneficial method for overcoming essential drug resistance.展开更多
BACKGROUND The incidence of intestinal NK/T cell lymphoma(NKTCL)is extremely low,and the clinical symptoms are atypical,which makes it difficult to distinguish this disorder from Crohn's disease(CD),T lymphocyte p...BACKGROUND The incidence of intestinal NK/T cell lymphoma(NKTCL)is extremely low,and the clinical symptoms are atypical,which makes it difficult to distinguish this disorder from Crohn's disease(CD),T lymphocyte proliferative disease,and other immune disorders.The misdiagnosis rate is high,and the patient's prognosis is poor.CASE SUMMARY In this case,the patient had repeated high fever,colonoscopy revealed multiple ulcers,and the initial diagnosis was CD.The patient’s condition did not improve after treatment with hormones and infliximab,and she eventually died.Positron emission tomographic-computed tomographic and B-ultrasound were performed in our hospital and showed that multiple lymph nodes were enlarged.Immunohistochemi-stry showed that CD3 and Epstein-Barr virus encoded RNA expression was positive.Colonoscopy,tissue biopsy,and histopathology showed intestinal focal mucosal infiltration of heterotypic lymphocytes with an abnormal immune phenotype.On the basis of the patient’s medical history,auxiliary examination,and pathological findings,digestive physicians and pathologists gave the diagnosis of NKTCL.CONCLUSION Clinicians need to improve their comprehensive knowledge of NKTCL,and combination of clinical symptoms,histological characteristics,as well as colonoscopy biopsies should be considered to improve the diagnosis and thereby reduce misdiagnosis.展开更多
Central diabetes insipidus(CDI)is a rare disease characterized by the excretion of copious amounts of diluted urine(polyuria),excess water intake(polydipsia),and a rise in serum sodium concentration(hypernatremia)(Chr...Central diabetes insipidus(CDI)is a rare disease characterized by the excretion of copious amounts of diluted urine(polyuria),excess water intake(polydipsia),and a rise in serum sodium concentration(hypernatremia)(Christ-Crain et al.,2019).The neuropeptide arginine-vasopressin(AVP)is synthesized as a preprohormone along with its carrier protein neurophysin II(NPII)in hypothalamic supraoptic(SON)and paraventricular(PVN)magnocellular neurons,stored in the posterior pituitary,and secreted into the circulation.展开更多
Background： In qualitative diagnosis of bile duct stenosis, single diagnostic measure is difficult to make a correct diagnosis, to combine several diagnostic techniques may be helpful to make an accurate diagnosis. T...Background： In qualitative diagnosis of bile duct stenosis, single diagnostic measure is difficult to make a correct diagnosis, to combine several diagnostic techniques may be helpful to make an accurate diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of intraductal ultrasonography （IDUS）, endoscopic brush cytology and K-ras, P53 gene mutation in the early diagnosis of malignant biliary stricture. Methods： From February 2012 to February 2013, 84 patients with suspected malignant biliary stricture were performed I DUS firstly, then endoscopic brush cytology and finally K-ras, P53 gene mutation detection, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of all above ways were evaluated and compared. Results： Of 84 patients, 52 cases were ultimately diagnosed malignant biliary stenosis; of which, 9 cases had no recurrence or metastasis to other organs after radical operation during the follow-up period. IDUS combined with brush cytology and K-ras ＋ P53 gene mutation detection had obvious advantage in the sensitivity, accuracy and negative predictive value than any other joint detection and single detection （the advantage was more significant compared with IDUS ＋ brush cytology or any single detection P 〈 0.01）. There were obvious statistical significance in the sensitivity and accuracy between IDUS ＋ brush cytology ＋ P53 or IDUS ＋ brush cytology ＋ K-ras and IDUS ＋ brush cytology or IDUS （P 〈 0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy between IDUS ＋ brush cytology ＋ P53 and IDUS ＋ brush cytology ＋ K-ras （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions： IDUS combined with brush cytology and K-ras, P53 gene mutation detection is better than the separate detection and contribute to the early diagnosis of malignant biliary stricture. Its more widespread use is recommended.展开更多
Metasurfaces provide an effective technology platform for manipulating electromagnetic waves,and the existing design methods all highlight the importance of creating a gradient in the output phase across light scatter...Metasurfaces provide an effective technology platform for manipulating electromagnetic waves,and the existing design methods all highlight the importance of creating a gradient in the output phase across light scattering units.However,in the emerging research subfield of meta-waveguides where a metasurface is driven by guided modes,this phase gradient-oriented approach can only provide a very limited emission aperture,significantly affecting the application potential of such meta-waveguides.In this work,we propose a new design approach that exploits the difference between meta-atoms in their light scattering amplitude.By balancing this amplitude gradient in the meta-atoms against the intensity decay in the energy-feeding waveguide,a large effective aperture can be obtained.Based on this new design approach,three different wavefront shaping functionalities are numerically demonstrated here on multiple devices in the terahertz regime.They include beam expanders that radiate a plane wave,where the beam width can increase by more than 900 times as compared to the guided wave.They also include a metalens that generates a Bessel-beam focus with a width 0.59 times the wavelength,and vortex beam generators that emit light with a tunable topological charge that can reach-30.This amplitude gradient design approach could benefit a variety of off-chip light shaping applications such as remote sensing and 6G wireless communications.展开更多
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81372714,81672480,81872065,and 81802506)Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.201602244)+3 种基金Liaoning Province Innovation Talents Support Program in Colleges and Universities(Grant No.LR2016023)Distinguished Professor Project of Liaoning ProvinceSpecial Grant for Translational Medicine,Dalian Medical University(Grant No.2015002)Basic Research Projects in Colleges and Universities of Liaoning Province(Grant No.LQ2017033)。
文摘Objective:Temozolomide(TMZ)is commonly used for glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)chemotherapy.However,drug resistance limits its therapeutic effect in GBM treatment.RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)have vital roles in posttranscriptional events.While disturbance of RBP-RNA network activity is potentially associated with cancer development,the precise mechanisms are not fully known.The SNRPG gene,encoding small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G,was recently found to be related to cancer incidence,but its exact function has yet to be elucidated.Methods:SNRPG knockdown was achieved via short hairpin RNAs.Gene expression profiling and Western blot analyses were used to identify potential glioma cell growth signaling pathways affected by SNRPG.Xenograft tumors were examined to determine the carcinogenic effects of SNRPG on glioma tissues.Results:The SNRPG-mediated inhibitory effect on glioma cells might be due to the targeted prevention of Myc and p53.In addition,the effects of SNRPG loss on p53 levels and cell cycle progression were found to be Myc-dependent.Furthermore,SNRPG was increased in TMZ-resistant GBM cells,and downregulation of SNRPG potentially sensitized resistant cells to TMZ,suggesting that SNRPG deficiency decreases the chemoresistance of GBM cells to TMZ via the p53 signaling pathway.Our data confirmed that SNRPG suppression sensitizes GBM cells to TMZ by targeting Myc via the p53 signaling cascade.Conclusions:These results indicated that SNRPG is a probable molecular target of GBM and suggested that suppressing SNRPG in resistant GBM cells might be a substantially beneficial method for overcoming essential drug resistance.
文摘BACKGROUND The incidence of intestinal NK/T cell lymphoma(NKTCL)is extremely low,and the clinical symptoms are atypical,which makes it difficult to distinguish this disorder from Crohn's disease(CD),T lymphocyte proliferative disease,and other immune disorders.The misdiagnosis rate is high,and the patient's prognosis is poor.CASE SUMMARY In this case,the patient had repeated high fever,colonoscopy revealed multiple ulcers,and the initial diagnosis was CD.The patient’s condition did not improve after treatment with hormones and infliximab,and she eventually died.Positron emission tomographic-computed tomographic and B-ultrasound were performed in our hospital and showed that multiple lymph nodes were enlarged.Immunohistochemi-stry showed that CD3 and Epstein-Barr virus encoded RNA expression was positive.Colonoscopy,tissue biopsy,and histopathology showed intestinal focal mucosal infiltration of heterotypic lymphocytes with an abnormal immune phenotype.On the basis of the patient’s medical history,auxiliary examination,and pathological findings,digestive physicians and pathologists gave the diagnosis of NKTCL.CONCLUSION Clinicians need to improve their comprehensive knowledge of NKTCL,and combination of clinical symptoms,histological characteristics,as well as colonoscopy biopsies should be considered to improve the diagnosis and thereby reduce misdiagnosis.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program(2019YFA0707100 and 2021ZD0203901 to Y.Q.Zhang and R.Tian)the Strategic Priority Research Program B of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDBS1020100 to Y.Q.Zhang)the National Science Foundation of China(31830036 and 31921002 to Y.Q.Zhang)。
文摘Central diabetes insipidus(CDI)is a rare disease characterized by the excretion of copious amounts of diluted urine(polyuria),excess water intake(polydipsia),and a rise in serum sodium concentration(hypernatremia)(Christ-Crain et al.,2019).The neuropeptide arginine-vasopressin(AVP)is synthesized as a preprohormone along with its carrier protein neurophysin II(NPII)in hypothalamic supraoptic(SON)and paraventricular(PVN)magnocellular neurons,stored in the posterior pituitary,and secreted into the circulation.
文摘Background： In qualitative diagnosis of bile duct stenosis, single diagnostic measure is difficult to make a correct diagnosis, to combine several diagnostic techniques may be helpful to make an accurate diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of intraductal ultrasonography （IDUS）, endoscopic brush cytology and K-ras, P53 gene mutation in the early diagnosis of malignant biliary stricture. Methods： From February 2012 to February 2013, 84 patients with suspected malignant biliary stricture were performed I DUS firstly, then endoscopic brush cytology and finally K-ras, P53 gene mutation detection, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of all above ways were evaluated and compared. Results： Of 84 patients, 52 cases were ultimately diagnosed malignant biliary stenosis; of which, 9 cases had no recurrence or metastasis to other organs after radical operation during the follow-up period. IDUS combined with brush cytology and K-ras ＋ P53 gene mutation detection had obvious advantage in the sensitivity, accuracy and negative predictive value than any other joint detection and single detection （the advantage was more significant compared with IDUS ＋ brush cytology or any single detection P 〈 0.01）. There were obvious statistical significance in the sensitivity and accuracy between IDUS ＋ brush cytology ＋ P53 or IDUS ＋ brush cytology ＋ K-ras and IDUS ＋ brush cytology or IDUS （P 〈 0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy between IDUS ＋ brush cytology ＋ P53 and IDUS ＋ brush cytology ＋ K-ras （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions： IDUS combined with brush cytology and K-ras, P53 gene mutation detection is better than the separate detection and contribute to the early diagnosis of malignant biliary stricture. Its more widespread use is recommended.
文摘Metasurfaces provide an effective technology platform for manipulating electromagnetic waves,and the existing design methods all highlight the importance of creating a gradient in the output phase across light scattering units.However,in the emerging research subfield of meta-waveguides where a metasurface is driven by guided modes,this phase gradient-oriented approach can only provide a very limited emission aperture,significantly affecting the application potential of such meta-waveguides.In this work,we propose a new design approach that exploits the difference between meta-atoms in their light scattering amplitude.By balancing this amplitude gradient in the meta-atoms against the intensity decay in the energy-feeding waveguide,a large effective aperture can be obtained.Based on this new design approach,three different wavefront shaping functionalities are numerically demonstrated here on multiple devices in the terahertz regime.They include beam expanders that radiate a plane wave,where the beam width can increase by more than 900 times as compared to the guided wave.They also include a metalens that generates a Bessel-beam focus with a width 0.59 times the wavelength,and vortex beam generators that emit light with a tunable topological charge that can reach-30.This amplitude gradient design approach could benefit a variety of off-chip light shaping applications such as remote sensing and 6G wireless communications.
