As a national ecological civilization pilot zone with unprecedented strategic importance in China,Hainan Province requires precise identification of PM_(2.5) background concentrations to achieve world-leading air qual...As a national ecological civilization pilot zone with unprecedented strategic importance in China,Hainan Province requires precise identification of PM_(2.5) background concentrations to achieve world-leading air quality objectives.This study utilized the three-dimensional regional air quality modeling(WRF-CMAQ)and integrated multi-source ground observation data for model validation.To quantify the PM_(2.5) background values for Hainan,representing concentrations largely influenced by natural emissions and regional transport,we determined the contributions from these sources.The results identified local anthropogenic emissions(49.5%)and regional transport(29.3%)as the dominant PM_(2.5) sources in Hainan,with important natural contributions(19.0%).Based on the theoretical definition of background concentrations grounded in scientific research and the objective of providing practical policy insights for Hainan,the PM_(2.5) background values were defined as the PM_(2.5) concentration after(1)excluding local anthropogenic emissions;(2)excluding anthropogenic emissions across Hainan and its surrounding regions;and(3)excluding local emissions combined with projected 2035 emission scenarios for surrounding areas.Based on these three definition methods,the 18 cities-averaged PM_(2.5) background values for Hainan were determined as 6.9,4.2,and 5.2μg/m^(3),while the corresponding gridaveraged values calculated were 6.7,4.6,and 4.9μg/m^(3),respectively.Accounting for meteorological fluctuations could yield lower estimated PM_(2.5) concentrations for Hainan.Hainan’s PM_(2.5) background values showed comparability with levels documented in clean island areas globally.Our study demonstrated that Hainan maintained a relatively low PM_(2.5) background level,showing substantial emission reduction potential.Through implementation of effective control measures,Hainan is projected to achieve world-leading air quality by 2035.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3700702)the specific research fund of The Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province(No.YSPTZX202512)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42307130)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M741936).
文摘As a national ecological civilization pilot zone with unprecedented strategic importance in China,Hainan Province requires precise identification of PM_(2.5) background concentrations to achieve world-leading air quality objectives.This study utilized the three-dimensional regional air quality modeling(WRF-CMAQ)and integrated multi-source ground observation data for model validation.To quantify the PM_(2.5) background values for Hainan,representing concentrations largely influenced by natural emissions and regional transport,we determined the contributions from these sources.The results identified local anthropogenic emissions(49.5%)and regional transport(29.3%)as the dominant PM_(2.5) sources in Hainan,with important natural contributions(19.0%).Based on the theoretical definition of background concentrations grounded in scientific research and the objective of providing practical policy insights for Hainan,the PM_(2.5) background values were defined as the PM_(2.5) concentration after(1)excluding local anthropogenic emissions;(2)excluding anthropogenic emissions across Hainan and its surrounding regions;and(3)excluding local emissions combined with projected 2035 emission scenarios for surrounding areas.Based on these three definition methods,the 18 cities-averaged PM_(2.5) background values for Hainan were determined as 6.9,4.2,and 5.2μg/m^(3),while the corresponding gridaveraged values calculated were 6.7,4.6,and 4.9μg/m^(3),respectively.Accounting for meteorological fluctuations could yield lower estimated PM_(2.5) concentrations for Hainan.Hainan’s PM_(2.5) background values showed comparability with levels documented in clean island areas globally.Our study demonstrated that Hainan maintained a relatively low PM_(2.5) background level,showing substantial emission reduction potential.Through implementation of effective control measures,Hainan is projected to achieve world-leading air quality by 2035.
