Bimodal pressure sensors capable of simultaneously detecting static and dynamic forces are essential to medical detection and bio-robotics.However,conventional pressure sensors typically integrate multiple operating m...Bimodal pressure sensors capable of simultaneously detecting static and dynamic forces are essential to medical detection and bio-robotics.However,conventional pressure sensors typically integrate multiple operating mechanisms to achieve bimodal detection,leading to complex device architectures and challenges in signal decoupling.In this work,we address these limitations by leveraging the unique piezotronic effect of Y-ion-doped ZnO to develop a bimodal piezotronic sensor(BPS)with a simplified structure and enhanced sensitivity.Through a combination of finite element simulations and experimental validation,we demonstrate that the BPS can effectively monitor both dynamic and static forces,achieving an on/off ratio of 1029,a gauge factor of 23,439 and a static force response duration of up to 600 s,significantly outperforming the performance of conventional piezoelectric sensors.As a proof-of-concept,the BPS demonstrates the continuous monitoring of Achilles tendon behavior under mixed dynamic and static loading conditions.Aided by deep learning algorithms,the system achieves 96%accuracy in identifying Achilles tendon movement patterns,thus enabling warnings for dangerous movements.This work provides a viable strategy for bimodal force monitoring,highlighting its potential in wearable electronics.展开更多
The emerging interfacial polarization strategy exhibits applicative potential in piezoelectric enhancement.However,there is an ongoing effort to address the inherent limitations arising from charge bridging phenomena ...The emerging interfacial polarization strategy exhibits applicative potential in piezoelectric enhancement.However,there is an ongoing effort to address the inherent limitations arising from charge bridging phenomena and stochastic interface disorder that plague the improvement of piezoelectric performance.Here,we report a dual structure reinforced MXene/PVDF-TrFE piezoelectric composite,whose piezoelectricity is enhanced under the coupling effect of interfacial polarization and structural design.Synergistically,molecular dynamics simulations,density functional theory calculations and experimental validation revealed the details of interfacial interactions,which promotes the net spontaneous polarization of PVDF-TrFE from the 0.56 to 31.41 Debye.The oriented MXene distribution and porous structure not only tripled the piezoelectric response but also achieved an eightfold increase in sensitivity within the low-pressure region,along with demonstrating cyclic stability exceeding 20,000 cycles.The properties reinforcement originating from dual structure is elucidated through the finite element simulation and experimental validation.Attributed to the excellent piezoelectric response and deep learning algorithm,the sensor can effectively recognize the signals of artery pulse and finger flexion.Finally,a 3×3 sensor array is fabricated to monitor the pressure distribution wirelessly.This study provides an innovative methodology for reinforcing interfacial polarized piezoelectric materials and insight into structural designs.展开更多
Ti3CNTx MXenes with unique electrical conductivity can be widely applied for supercapacitors and electromagnetic shielding.However,its relatively low-yield quaternary nitrogen-containing Ti3AlCN ce ramics precursor(le...Ti3CNTx MXenes with unique electrical conductivity can be widely applied for supercapacitors and electromagnetic shielding.However,its relatively low-yield quaternary nitrogen-containing Ti3AlCN ce ramics precursor(less than 50%),due to the inevitable Al segregation during the synthesizing process,significantly hindered its widely commercial applications.Herein,we employed the controllable AlNoversaturation precursor strategy to precisely tune the phase transition point of quaternary Ti3AlCN ceramics to obtain high-yield Ti3 AlCN precursor for the purpose of high conductivity Ti3 CNTx MXenes.Combined energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer(XRD)with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)characterizations,the yield of the quaternary nitrogen-containing Ti3 AlCN ceramics was evidently proved to be up to 70%,which is 1.4 times than that of previously reported works.Such relatively highyield quaternary Ti3AlCN is mainly ascribed to the elimination of Al segregation.Based on it,we further developed accordion-like two-dimensional(2D)MXene via hydrofluoric acid etch and vacuum freezedry.This novel accordion-like 2D Ti3CNTx MXene possesses high electrochemical capacitive properties(209 F/g).Therefore,this controllable AlN-oversaturation precursor strategy will pave a way to exploit costly high-yield MAX ceramics precursor for high conductivity MXenes and also play a powerful role in promoting their practical applications including electrical and magnetic engineering fields.展开更多
Bioinspired soft robots hold great potential to perform tasks in unstructured terrains.Ferroelectric polymers are highly valued in soft robots for their flexibility,lightweight,and electrically controllable deformatio...Bioinspired soft robots hold great potential to perform tasks in unstructured terrains.Ferroelectric polymers are highly valued in soft robots for their flexibility,lightweight,and electrically controllable deformation.However,achieving large strains in ferroelectric polymers typically requires high driving voltages,posing a significant challenge for practical applications.In this study,we investigate the role of crystalline domain size in enhancing the electrostrain performance of the relaxor ferroelectric polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene-fluorinated alkynes)(P(VDFTrFE-CFE-FA)).Leveraging its remarkable inverse piezoelectric coefficient(|d33^(*)|=701 pm V^(-1)),we demonstrate that the planar films exhibit a five times larger bending angle than that of commercial PVDF films at low electric fields.Based on this material,we design a petal-structured soft robot that achieves a curvature of up to 4.5 cm^(-1) at a DC electric field of 30 Vμm^(-1).When integrated into a bipedal soft robot,it manifests outstanding electrostrain performance,achieving rapid locomotion of~19 body lengths per second(BL s^(-1))at 10 Vμm^(-1)(560 Hz).Moreover,the developed robot demonstrates remarkable abilities in climbing slopes and carrying heavy loads.These findings open new avenues for developing low-voltage-driven soft robots with significant promise for practical applications.展开更多
Piezoelectric nanofibers have received extensive attention in the field of electronic devices,but they are still restricted for further development,due to their limited dipole arrangement.Herein,we propose spatially c...Piezoelectric nanofibers have received extensive attention in the field of electronic devices,but they are still restricted for further development,due to their limited dipole arrangement.Herein,we propose spatially confined MXene/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)nanofibers for piezoelectric application,with dual functions of pressure sensing and energy harvesting.The spatial confinement of MXene/PVDF nanofibers can actively induce the optimally aligned-CH_(2)-/-CF_(2)-dipoles of PVDF and dramatically boost spontaneous polarization for piezoelectric enhancement.The voltage and current generated by fabricated MXene/PVDF(0.8 wt%)nanofiber piezoelectric electronic devices are respectively 3.97 times and 10.1 times higher than those generated by pure PVDF nanofibers.Based on these results,the developed bifunctional electronic devices are applied to monitor various human movements and to harvest energy.Notably,the results of this work allow for the development of nanofibers with excellent piezoelectric performance using a spatial confinement mechanism.展开更多
The development of triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)technology which can directly convert ambient mechanical energy into electric energy may affect areas from green energy harvesting to emerging wearing electronics.An...The development of triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)technology which can directly convert ambient mechanical energy into electric energy may affect areas from green energy harvesting to emerging wearing electronics.And,the material of triboelectric layer is critical to the mechanical robustness and electrical output characteristics of the TENGs.Herein,a MXene enhanced electret polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)film with a high mechanical property and surface charge density is developed.The MXene/PTFE composite film was synthesized by spraying and annealing treatment.With the doping of MXene,the crystallinity of composite film could be tuned,leading to an enhancement in the tensile property of 450%and reducing the wear volume about 80%in the friction test.Furthermore,the as-fabricated TENG with this composite film outputs 397 V of open-circuit voltage,21µA of short-circuit current,and 232 nC of transfer charge quantity,which are 4,6,and 6 times higher than that of the TENG made by pure PTFE film,respectively.Therefore,this work provides a creative strategy to simultaneously improve the mechanical property and electrical performance of the TENGs,which have great potential in improving device stability under a complex mechanical environment.展开更多
Monitoring physiological signals of the human body can provide extremely important information for sports healthcare,preventing injuries and providing efficient guidance for individual sports.However,the signals relat...Monitoring physiological signals of the human body can provide extremely important information for sports healthcare,preventing injuries and providing efficient guidance for individual sports.However,the signals related to human healthcare involve both subtle and vigorous signals,making it difficult for a sensor to satisfy the full-scale monitoring at the same time.Here,a novel conductive elastomer featuring homogeneously micropyramid-structured PDMS/CNT composite is used to fabricate highperformance piezoresistive sensors by a drop-casting method.Benefiting from the significant increase in the contact area of microstructure during deformation,the flexible sensor presents a broad detection range(up to 185.5 kPa),fast response/recovery time(44/13 ms),ultrahigh sensitivity(242.4 kPa–1)and excellent durability over 8,000 cycles.As a proof of concept,the as-fabricated pressure sensor can be used for body-area sports healthcare,and enable the detection of full-scale pressure distribution.Considering the fabulous sensing performance,the sensor may potentially become promising in personal sports healthcare and telemedicine monitoring.展开更多
Respiration is a critical physiological process of the body and plays an essential role in maintaining human health.Wearable piezoelectric nanofiber-based respiratory monitoring has attracted much attention due to its...Respiration is a critical physiological process of the body and plays an essential role in maintaining human health.Wearable piezoelectric nanofiber-based respiratory monitoring has attracted much attention due to its self-power,high linearity,noninvasiveness,and convenience.However,the limited sensitivity of conventional piezoelectric nanofibers makes it difficult to meet medical and daily respiratory monitoring requirements due to their low electromechanical conversion efficiency.Here,we present a universally applicable,highly sensitive piezoelectric nanofiber characterized by a coaxial composite structure of polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)and carbon nanotube(CNT),which is denoted as PS-CC.Based on elucidating the enhancement mechanism from the percolation effect,PS-CC exhibits excellent sensing performance with a high sensitivity of 3.7 V/N and a fast response time of 20 ms for electromechanical conversion.As a proof-of-concept,the nanofiber membrane is seamlessly integrated into a facial mask,facilitating accurate recognition of respiratory states.With the assistance of a one-dimensional convolutional neural network(CNN),a PS-CC-based smart mask can recognize respiratory tracts and multiple breathing patterns with a classification accuracy of up to 97.8%.Notably,this work provides an effective strategy for monitoring respiratory diseases and offers widespread utility for daily health monitoring and clinical applications.展开更多
With the increasing demand for flexible piezoelectric sensor components,research on polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)based piezoelectric polymers is mounting up.However,the low dipole polarization and disordered polarizat...With the increasing demand for flexible piezoelectric sensor components,research on polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)based piezoelectric polymers is mounting up.However,the low dipole polarization and disordered polarization direction presented in PVDF hinder further improvement of piezoelectric properties.Here,we constructed an oriented tertiary structure,consisting of molecular chains,crystalline region,and MXene sheets,in MXene/PVDF nanocomposite via a temperature-pressure dual-field regulation method.The highly oriented PVDF molecular chains form approximately 90%of theβphase.In addition,the crystalline region structure with long-range orientation achieves out of plane polarization orientation.The parallel orientation arrangement of MXene effectively enhances the piezoelectric performances of the nanocomposite,and the current output of the device increases by nearly 23 times.This high output device is used to monitor exercise action,exploring the potential applications in wearable electronics.展开更多
Real-time monitoring of ball–shoe interactions can provide essential information for high-quality instruction in personalized soccer training,yet existing monitoring systems struggle to reflect specific forces,loci,a...Real-time monitoring of ball–shoe interactions can provide essential information for high-quality instruction in personalized soccer training,yet existing monitoring systems struggle to reflect specific forces,loci,and durations of action.Here,we design a self-powered piezoelectric sensor constructed by the gradient carbon nanotube/polyvinylidene fluoride(CNT/PVDF)composite to monitor the interactions between the ball and the shoe.Two-dimensional Raman mapping demonstrates the gradient structure of CNT/PVDF prepared by programmable electrospinning combined with a hot pressing.Benefitting from the synergistic effect of local polarization caused by the enrichment of CNT and the reduced diffusion of silver patterns in gradient structure,the as-prepared composite exhibits enhanced force-electric coupling with an excellent sensitivity of 80 mV/N and durability over 15,000 cycles.On this basis,we conformally attach a 3×3 sensor array to a soccer shoe,enabling real-time acquisition of kick position and contact force,which could provide quantitative assessment and personalize guidance for the training of soccer players.This self-powered piezoelectric sensor network system offers a promising paradigm for wearable monitoring under strong impact forces.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2330120)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province of China(No.2023NSFSC0313)the Basic Research Cultivation Project of Southwest Jiaotong University(No.2682023KJ024)。
文摘Bimodal pressure sensors capable of simultaneously detecting static and dynamic forces are essential to medical detection and bio-robotics.However,conventional pressure sensors typically integrate multiple operating mechanisms to achieve bimodal detection,leading to complex device architectures and challenges in signal decoupling.In this work,we address these limitations by leveraging the unique piezotronic effect of Y-ion-doped ZnO to develop a bimodal piezotronic sensor(BPS)with a simplified structure and enhanced sensitivity.Through a combination of finite element simulations and experimental validation,we demonstrate that the BPS can effectively monitor both dynamic and static forces,achieving an on/off ratio of 1029,a gauge factor of 23,439 and a static force response duration of up to 600 s,significantly outperforming the performance of conventional piezoelectric sensors.As a proof-of-concept,the BPS demonstrates the continuous monitoring of Achilles tendon behavior under mixed dynamic and static loading conditions.Aided by deep learning algorithms,the system achieves 96%accuracy in identifying Achilles tendon movement patterns,thus enabling warnings for dangerous movements.This work provides a viable strategy for bimodal force monitoring,highlighting its potential in wearable electronics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52303328)the Postdoctoral Innovation Talents Support Program(No.BX20220257)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2023NSFSC0313).
文摘The emerging interfacial polarization strategy exhibits applicative potential in piezoelectric enhancement.However,there is an ongoing effort to address the inherent limitations arising from charge bridging phenomena and stochastic interface disorder that plague the improvement of piezoelectric performance.Here,we report a dual structure reinforced MXene/PVDF-TrFE piezoelectric composite,whose piezoelectricity is enhanced under the coupling effect of interfacial polarization and structural design.Synergistically,molecular dynamics simulations,density functional theory calculations and experimental validation revealed the details of interfacial interactions,which promotes the net spontaneous polarization of PVDF-TrFE from the 0.56 to 31.41 Debye.The oriented MXene distribution and porous structure not only tripled the piezoelectric response but also achieved an eightfold increase in sensitivity within the low-pressure region,along with demonstrating cyclic stability exceeding 20,000 cycles.The properties reinforcement originating from dual structure is elucidated through the finite element simulation and experimental validation.Attributed to the excellent piezoelectric response and deep learning algorithm,the sensor can effectively recognize the signals of artery pulse and finger flexion.Finally,a 3×3 sensor array is fabricated to monitor the pressure distribution wirelessly.This study provides an innovative methodology for reinforcing interfacial polarized piezoelectric materials and insight into structural designs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51602265)the Special Fund of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2018T110992)+1 种基金the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2018RZ0074)the Cultivation Program for the Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of Southwest Jiaotong University(No.D-YB201709)。
文摘Ti3CNTx MXenes with unique electrical conductivity can be widely applied for supercapacitors and electromagnetic shielding.However,its relatively low-yield quaternary nitrogen-containing Ti3AlCN ce ramics precursor(less than 50%),due to the inevitable Al segregation during the synthesizing process,significantly hindered its widely commercial applications.Herein,we employed the controllable AlNoversaturation precursor strategy to precisely tune the phase transition point of quaternary Ti3AlCN ceramics to obtain high-yield Ti3 AlCN precursor for the purpose of high conductivity Ti3 CNTx MXenes.Combined energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer(XRD)with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)characterizations,the yield of the quaternary nitrogen-containing Ti3 AlCN ceramics was evidently proved to be up to 70%,which is 1.4 times than that of previously reported works.Such relatively highyield quaternary Ti3AlCN is mainly ascribed to the elimination of Al segregation.Based on it,we further developed accordion-like two-dimensional(2D)MXene via hydrofluoric acid etch and vacuum freezedry.This novel accordion-like 2D Ti3CNTx MXene possesses high electrochemical capacitive properties(209 F/g).Therefore,this controllable AlN-oversaturation precursor strategy will pave a way to exploit costly high-yield MAX ceramics precursor for high conductivity MXenes and also play a powerful role in promoting their practical applications including electrical and magnetic engineering fields.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:U2330120Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province of China,Grant/Award Number:2023NSFSC0313Basic Research Cultivation Project of Southwest Jiaotong University,Grant/Award Number:2682023KJ024。
文摘Bioinspired soft robots hold great potential to perform tasks in unstructured terrains.Ferroelectric polymers are highly valued in soft robots for their flexibility,lightweight,and electrically controllable deformation.However,achieving large strains in ferroelectric polymers typically requires high driving voltages,posing a significant challenge for practical applications.In this study,we investigate the role of crystalline domain size in enhancing the electrostrain performance of the relaxor ferroelectric polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene-fluorinated alkynes)(P(VDFTrFE-CFE-FA)).Leveraging its remarkable inverse piezoelectric coefficient(|d33^(*)|=701 pm V^(-1)),we demonstrate that the planar films exhibit a five times larger bending angle than that of commercial PVDF films at low electric fields.Based on this material,we design a petal-structured soft robot that achieves a curvature of up to 4.5 cm^(-1) at a DC electric field of 30 Vμm^(-1).When integrated into a bipedal soft robot,it manifests outstanding electrostrain performance,achieving rapid locomotion of~19 body lengths per second(BL s^(-1))at 10 Vμm^(-1)(560 Hz).Moreover,the developed robot demonstrates remarkable abilities in climbing slopes and carrying heavy loads.These findings open new avenues for developing low-voltage-driven soft robots with significant promise for practical applications.
基金supported by the Postdoctoral Innovation Talents Support Program(No.BX20220257)the Multiple Clean Energy Harvesting System(No.YYF20223026)+2 种基金the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2023NSFSC0313)a Catalyst Seeding General Grant administered by the Royal Society of New Zealand(Contract 20-UOA-035-CSG)The authors are grateful for the help from the Analysis and Testing Center of Southwest Jiaotong University.
文摘Piezoelectric nanofibers have received extensive attention in the field of electronic devices,but they are still restricted for further development,due to their limited dipole arrangement.Herein,we propose spatially confined MXene/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)nanofibers for piezoelectric application,with dual functions of pressure sensing and energy harvesting.The spatial confinement of MXene/PVDF nanofibers can actively induce the optimally aligned-CH_(2)-/-CF_(2)-dipoles of PVDF and dramatically boost spontaneous polarization for piezoelectric enhancement.The voltage and current generated by fabricated MXene/PVDF(0.8 wt%)nanofiber piezoelectric electronic devices are respectively 3.97 times and 10.1 times higher than those generated by pure PVDF nanofibers.Based on these results,the developed bifunctional electronic devices are applied to monitor various human movements and to harvest energy.Notably,the results of this work allow for the development of nanofibers with excellent piezoelectric performance using a spatial confinement mechanism.
基金The authors thank the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51922023 and 61874011)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFA0202704)+3 种基金Beijing Talents Foundation(No.2017000021223TD04)Tribology Science Fund of State Key Laboratory of Tribology(No.SKLTKF19B02)Open Research Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment&Technology(DMETKF2020014)Young Scientific and Technological Innovation Research Team Funds of Sichuan Province(No.20CXTD0106).
文摘The development of triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)technology which can directly convert ambient mechanical energy into electric energy may affect areas from green energy harvesting to emerging wearing electronics.And,the material of triboelectric layer is critical to the mechanical robustness and electrical output characteristics of the TENGs.Herein,a MXene enhanced electret polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)film with a high mechanical property and surface charge density is developed.The MXene/PTFE composite film was synthesized by spraying and annealing treatment.With the doping of MXene,the crystallinity of composite film could be tuned,leading to an enhancement in the tensile property of 450%and reducing the wear volume about 80%in the friction test.Furthermore,the as-fabricated TENG with this composite film outputs 397 V of open-circuit voltage,21µA of short-circuit current,and 232 nC of transfer charge quantity,which are 4,6,and 6 times higher than that of the TENG made by pure PTFE film,respectively.Therefore,this work provides a creative strategy to simultaneously improve the mechanical property and electrical performance of the TENGs,which have great potential in improving device stability under a complex mechanical environment.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61801403)the Sichuan province Foundation for Distinguished Young Team(No.20CXTD0106)the Basic Research Cultivation Project(No.2682021ZTPY004).
文摘Monitoring physiological signals of the human body can provide extremely important information for sports healthcare,preventing injuries and providing efficient guidance for individual sports.However,the signals related to human healthcare involve both subtle and vigorous signals,making it difficult for a sensor to satisfy the full-scale monitoring at the same time.Here,a novel conductive elastomer featuring homogeneously micropyramid-structured PDMS/CNT composite is used to fabricate highperformance piezoresistive sensors by a drop-casting method.Benefiting from the significant increase in the contact area of microstructure during deformation,the flexible sensor presents a broad detection range(up to 185.5 kPa),fast response/recovery time(44/13 ms),ultrahigh sensitivity(242.4 kPa–1)and excellent durability over 8,000 cycles.As a proof of concept,the as-fabricated pressure sensor can be used for body-area sports healthcare,and enable the detection of full-scale pressure distribution.Considering the fabulous sensing performance,the sensor may potentially become promising in personal sports healthcare and telemedicine monitoring.
基金supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2023NSFSC0313)the Basic Research Cultivation Project of Southwest Jiaotong University(No.2682023KJ024).
文摘Respiration is a critical physiological process of the body and plays an essential role in maintaining human health.Wearable piezoelectric nanofiber-based respiratory monitoring has attracted much attention due to its self-power,high linearity,noninvasiveness,and convenience.However,the limited sensitivity of conventional piezoelectric nanofibers makes it difficult to meet medical and daily respiratory monitoring requirements due to their low electromechanical conversion efficiency.Here,we present a universally applicable,highly sensitive piezoelectric nanofiber characterized by a coaxial composite structure of polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)and carbon nanotube(CNT),which is denoted as PS-CC.Based on elucidating the enhancement mechanism from the percolation effect,PS-CC exhibits excellent sensing performance with a high sensitivity of 3.7 V/N and a fast response time of 20 ms for electromechanical conversion.As a proof-of-concept,the nanofiber membrane is seamlessly integrated into a facial mask,facilitating accurate recognition of respiratory states.With the assistance of a one-dimensional convolutional neural network(CNN),a PS-CC-based smart mask can recognize respiratory tracts and multiple breathing patterns with a classification accuracy of up to 97.8%.Notably,this work provides an effective strategy for monitoring respiratory diseases and offers widespread utility for daily health monitoring and clinical applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52303328)the Postdoctoral Innovation Talents Support Program(No.BX20220257)+2 种基金the Multiple Clean Energy Harvesting System(No.YYF20223026)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2023NSFSC0313)a Catalyst Seeding General Grant administered by the Royal Society of New Zealand(Contract 20-UOA-035-CSG)。
文摘With the increasing demand for flexible piezoelectric sensor components,research on polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)based piezoelectric polymers is mounting up.However,the low dipole polarization and disordered polarization direction presented in PVDF hinder further improvement of piezoelectric properties.Here,we constructed an oriented tertiary structure,consisting of molecular chains,crystalline region,and MXene sheets,in MXene/PVDF nanocomposite via a temperature-pressure dual-field regulation method.The highly oriented PVDF molecular chains form approximately 90%of theβphase.In addition,the crystalline region structure with long-range orientation achieves out of plane polarization orientation.The parallel orientation arrangement of MXene effectively enhances the piezoelectric performances of the nanocomposite,and the current output of the device increases by nearly 23 times.This high output device is used to monitor exercise action,exploring the potential applications in wearable electronics.
基金This work was financially supported by Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2023NSFSC0313)the Basic Research Cultivation Project(No.2682021ZTPY004)+1 种基金the Sichuan Province Foundation for Distinguished Young Team(No.20CXTD0106)Catalyst Seeding General Grant administered by the Royal Society of New Zealand(Contract 20-UOA-035-CSG).
文摘Real-time monitoring of ball–shoe interactions can provide essential information for high-quality instruction in personalized soccer training,yet existing monitoring systems struggle to reflect specific forces,loci,and durations of action.Here,we design a self-powered piezoelectric sensor constructed by the gradient carbon nanotube/polyvinylidene fluoride(CNT/PVDF)composite to monitor the interactions between the ball and the shoe.Two-dimensional Raman mapping demonstrates the gradient structure of CNT/PVDF prepared by programmable electrospinning combined with a hot pressing.Benefitting from the synergistic effect of local polarization caused by the enrichment of CNT and the reduced diffusion of silver patterns in gradient structure,the as-prepared composite exhibits enhanced force-electric coupling with an excellent sensitivity of 80 mV/N and durability over 15,000 cycles.On this basis,we conformally attach a 3×3 sensor array to a soccer shoe,enabling real-time acquisition of kick position and contact force,which could provide quantitative assessment and personalize guidance for the training of soccer players.This self-powered piezoelectric sensor network system offers a promising paradigm for wearable monitoring under strong impact forces.
