Quantitative studies on the interseismic and coseismic deformation characteristics and analysis of the interplay between the seismogenic fault and neighboring faults are crucial for understanding the kinematic feature...Quantitative studies on the interseismic and coseismic deformation characteristics and analysis of the interplay between the seismogenic fault and neighboring faults are crucial for understanding the kinematic features and assessing potential seismic hazards. In this study, the interseismic and coseismic deformation of the 2023 Jishishan M_(S)6.2 earthquake(JSSEQ), including the strain rate field, the slip rates,and locking depths of the seismogenic fault during the interseismic period, were obtained. Moreover, the coseismic slip distribution and geometric attributes of the seismogenic fault were further examined.Finally, the potential earthquake hazard in the vicinity was identified by analyzing the Coulomb failure stress changes(ΔCFS). Before the JSSEQ, the maximum shear and dilatational strain rates near the epicenter were significantly lower, and the seismogenic fault was strongly coupled with thrust and dextral strike-slip motion. The maximum displacement of GNSS stations is about 25 mm, about 11 km southwest of the epicenter. The ascending and descending observations reveal a significantly thrustdominated movement, with maximum line of sight displacements of 78 and 83 mm, respectively.Comparing two coseismic slip distribution results and previous studies, it is considered that the east dipping seismogenic fault is more reasonable. The coseismic fault slip took place at a depth of 7.1-13.2 km, with a maximum slip of 0.43 m and a moment magnitude of 6.1. The earthquake resulted in noticeable stress loading on the southeastern end of the Lajishan north margin fault zone and the Lajishan south margin fault zone, as well as the western end of the West Qinling fault zone, which should be given more attention in future.展开更多
In-memory computing(IMC)based on spin-logic devices is regarded as an advantageous way to optimize the Von Neumann bottleneck.However,performing complete Boolean logic with spintronic devices typi-cally requires an in...In-memory computing(IMC)based on spin-logic devices is regarded as an advantageous way to optimize the Von Neumann bottleneck.However,performing complete Boolean logic with spintronic devices typi-cally requires an initialization operation,which can reduce processing speed.In this work,we conceptu-alize and experimentally demonstrate a programmable and initialization-free spin-logic gate,leveraging spin-orbit torque(SOT)to effectuate magnetization switching,assisted by in-plane Oersted field gener-ated by an integrated bias-field Au line.This spin-logic gate,fabricated as a Hall bar,allows complete Boolean logic operations without initialization.A current flowing through the bias-field line,which is electrically isolated from the device by a dielectric,generates an in-plane magnetic field that can invert the SOT-induced switching chirality,enabling on-the-fly complete Boolean logic operations.Additionally,the device demonstrated good reliability,repeatability,and reproducibility during logic operations.Our work demonstrates programmable and scalable spin-logic functions in a single device,offering a new approach for spin-logic operations in an IMC architecture.展开更多
Automatic collecting of phenotypic information from plants has become a trend in breeding and smart agriculture.Targeting mature soybean plants at the harvesting stage,which are dense and overlapping,we have proposed ...Automatic collecting of phenotypic information from plants has become a trend in breeding and smart agriculture.Targeting mature soybean plants at the harvesting stage,which are dense and overlapping,we have proposed the SPP-extractor(soybean plant phenotype extractor)algorithm to acquire phenotypic traits.First,to address the mutual occultation of pods,we augmented the standard YOLOv5s model for target detection with an additional attention mechanism.The resulting model could accurately identify pods and stems and could count the entire pod set of a plant in a single scan.Second,considering that mature branches are usually bent and covered with pods,we designed a branch recognition and measurement module combining image processing,target detection,semantic segmentation,and heuristic search.Experimental results on real plants showed that SPP-extractor achieved respective R^(2) scores of 0.93–0.99 for four phenotypic traits,based on regression on manual measurements.展开更多
Pd-based nanocatalyst is a potential oxygen reduction oxidation(ORR)catalyst because of its high activity in alkaline medium and low cost.In this work,bimetallic Pd Au nanocatalysts are prepared by one-pot hydrotherma...Pd-based nanocatalyst is a potential oxygen reduction oxidation(ORR)catalyst because of its high activity in alkaline medium and low cost.In this work,bimetallic Pd Au nanocatalysts are prepared by one-pot hydrothermal method using triblock pluronic copolymers,poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO19-PPO69-PEO19)(P123)as reducer and stabilizer,and heat-treatment method is applied to regulate catalyst structure and improve catalyst activity.The results show that the heat treatment can agglomerate the catalyst to a certain extent,but effectively improve the crystallinity and alloying degree of the catalyst.The ORR performance of the Pd Au nanocatalysts obtained under different heat treatment conditions is systematically investigated.Compared with commercial Pd black and Pd Au catalyst before heat treatment,the ORR performance of Au Pd nanocatalyst obtained after heat treatment for one hour at 500℃ has been enhanced.The Pd Au nanocatalysts after heat treatment also display enhanced anti-methanol toxicity ability in acidic medium.展开更多
The medium-Mn steel with ferrite and austenite structure was rolled in the intercritical region down to dif- ferent rolling reduction. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the rolled steels were investigate...The medium-Mn steel with ferrite and austenite structure was rolled in the intercritical region down to dif- ferent rolling reduction. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the rolled steels were investigated by scan- ning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and tensile tests. It was found that the ferrite and austenite structure gradually evolved into an ultrafine structure from the random directional lath structure to lamellar structure with lath longitudinal direction parallel to the rolling direction with increasing rolling strain. It was found that the thickness of the laths was gradually refined with increasing rolling strain. The lath thickness is about 0. 15 9m stored with high density dislocations and the austenite volume fraction of the steel is about 24% after 80% rolling reduction. Furthermore, it was interesting to find that yield strength, tensile strength and total elongation of the 80% rolled medium-Mn steel are about 1000 MPa, 1250 MPa and 24%, respectively, demonstrating an excellent combination of the strength and ductility. Based on the microstructure examination, it was proposed that the grain refinement of the medium-Mn steels could be attributed to the duplex structure and the low rolling temperature. Analysis of the relationship between the microstructure and the mechanical properties indicated that the high yield strength mainly resulted from the ultrafine grain size and the high density dislocation, but the improved ductili- ty may be attributed to the large fractions of austenite retained after intercritical rolling.展开更多
High-throughput SNP genotyping is widely used for plant genetic studies. Recently, a RICE6K SNP array has been developed based on the Illumina Bead Array platform and Infinium SNP assay technology for genome-wide eval...High-throughput SNP genotyping is widely used for plant genetic studies. Recently, a RICE6K SNP array has been developed based on the Illumina Bead Array platform and Infinium SNP assay technology for genome-wide evaluation of allelic variations and breeding applications. In this study, the RICE6K SNP array was used to genotype a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population derived from the cross between the indica variety, Zhenshan 97, and the japonica variety, Xizang 2. A total of 3324 SNP markers of high quality were identified and were grouped into 1495 recombination bins in the RIL population. A high-density linkage map, consisting of the 1495 bins, was developed, covering 1591.2 cM and with average length ofl.1 cM per bin. Segregation distortions were observed in 24 regions of the 11 chromosomes in the RILs. One half of the distorted regions contained fertility genes that had been previously reported. A total of 23 QTLs were identified for yield. Seven QTLs were firstly detected in this study. The positive alleles from about half of the identified QTLs came from Zhenshan 97 and they had lower phenotypic values than Xizang 2. This indicated that favorable alleles for breeding were dispersed in both parents and pyramiding favorable alleles could develop elite lines. The size of the mapping population for QTL analysis using high throughput SNP genotyping platform is also discussed.展开更多
Fe-N-C materials have received increasing attention,due to its distinctive catalytic activity.However,the Fe-N coordination number dependence of catalytic ability and mechanism for H_(2)O_(2)activation remain elusive....Fe-N-C materials have received increasing attention,due to its distinctive catalytic activity.However,the Fe-N coordination number dependence of catalytic ability and mechanism for H_(2)O_(2)activation remain elusive.Herein,a series of Fe-N-C heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts with different Fe-N coordination number were prepared for tetracycline degradation.The results demonstrated that samples with Fe-N4 structure exhibited high activity.The excellent performance was mainly ascribed to the high adsorption capacity and the formation of superoxide radicals(•O_(2)^(−))catalyzed by Fe linked to pyridinic nitrogen.The intermediates and degradation pathways of tetracycline degradation by Fe-N-C/H_(2)O_(2)system were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).Furthermore,we applied our Fe-N-C catalysts to treat simulated pharmaceutical wastewater with high tetracycline degradation capacity despite high concentrations of organic matter such as oxalic acid and various ionic interferences.Our work reveals the dependence of the activation H_(2)O_(2)on the Fe-N coordination environment and the degradation mechanism of these catalysts.It provides insights into the prospects for tuning the catalyst in practical applications.展开更多
Larimichthys crocea is a marine fish species cultured in China.Short-term starvation is often applied to improve the quality of cultured L.crocea,and the expression of ghrelin in tissues of stomach,muscle,brain,intest...Larimichthys crocea is a marine fish species cultured in China.Short-term starvation is often applied to improve the quality of cultured L.crocea,and the expression of ghrelin in tissues of stomach,muscle,brain,intestines,liver,and kidney,involved in starvation response,under starvation conditions were studied to understand the effect of starvation on the expression of ghrelin in L.crocea juveniles.The ghrelin expression was tissue-specific,and expression was significantly higher in the stomach compared to other tissues(P<0.01).Additionally,ghrelin expression in different tissues changed along with prolongation of fasting.In the stomach,ghrelin expression levels increased gradually at the beginning of the fast,and then declined after eight days of fasting.Gene expression in the brain and intestines increased at the beginning of the fast,and then decreased with longer fasting time.Interestingly,ghrelin expression declined at the beginning of the fast,then increased with longer fasting in the kidneys and muscles.These results suggest that ghrelin is involved in starvation response in L.crocea juveniles.This study provids insights into ghrelin function and an important reference for the development of reasonable feeding strategies for L.crocea juveniles.展开更多
A continuous-flow synthesis of nitriles by Schmidt reaction has been developed.Using this procedure,a variety of aldehydes could be smoothly transformed into the desired nitriles in good to excellent yields.The mild r...A continuous-flow synthesis of nitriles by Schmidt reaction has been developed.Using this procedure,a variety of aldehydes could be smoothly transformed into the desired nitriles in good to excellent yields.The mild reaction conditions and the flowing reaction system greatly improved the safety and make the reaction easy to scale up.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42204008)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2022YFC3003703)the Scientific Research Project Coordinating Fund of the First Monitoring and Application Center, China Earthquake Administration (No. FMC2022014)
文摘Quantitative studies on the interseismic and coseismic deformation characteristics and analysis of the interplay between the seismogenic fault and neighboring faults are crucial for understanding the kinematic features and assessing potential seismic hazards. In this study, the interseismic and coseismic deformation of the 2023 Jishishan M_(S)6.2 earthquake(JSSEQ), including the strain rate field, the slip rates,and locking depths of the seismogenic fault during the interseismic period, were obtained. Moreover, the coseismic slip distribution and geometric attributes of the seismogenic fault were further examined.Finally, the potential earthquake hazard in the vicinity was identified by analyzing the Coulomb failure stress changes(ΔCFS). Before the JSSEQ, the maximum shear and dilatational strain rates near the epicenter were significantly lower, and the seismogenic fault was strongly coupled with thrust and dextral strike-slip motion. The maximum displacement of GNSS stations is about 25 mm, about 11 km southwest of the epicenter. The ascending and descending observations reveal a significantly thrustdominated movement, with maximum line of sight displacements of 78 and 83 mm, respectively.Comparing two coseismic slip distribution results and previous studies, it is considered that the east dipping seismogenic fault is more reasonable. The coseismic fault slip took place at a depth of 7.1-13.2 km, with a maximum slip of 0.43 m and a moment magnitude of 6.1. The earthquake resulted in noticeable stress loading on the southeastern end of the Lajishan north margin fault zone and the Lajishan south margin fault zone, as well as the western end of the West Qinling fault zone, which should be given more attention in future.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(2020AAA0109005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62374055,12327806,62304083,62074063,61821003,61904060,61904051,61674062)+4 种基金the Interdisciplinary Program of Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center(WHMFC202119)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program Award(JCYJ20220818103410022)the Shenzhen Virtual University Park(2021Szvup091)the Natural Science Foundation of Wuhan(2024040701010049)Shuai Zhang acknowledges support from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M721237).
文摘In-memory computing(IMC)based on spin-logic devices is regarded as an advantageous way to optimize the Von Neumann bottleneck.However,performing complete Boolean logic with spintronic devices typi-cally requires an initialization operation,which can reduce processing speed.In this work,we conceptu-alize and experimentally demonstrate a programmable and initialization-free spin-logic gate,leveraging spin-orbit torque(SOT)to effectuate magnetization switching,assisted by in-plane Oersted field gener-ated by an integrated bias-field Au line.This spin-logic gate,fabricated as a Hall bar,allows complete Boolean logic operations without initialization.A current flowing through the bias-field line,which is electrically isolated from the device by a dielectric,generates an in-plane magnetic field that can invert the SOT-induced switching chirality,enabling on-the-fly complete Boolean logic operations.Additionally,the device demonstrated good reliability,repeatability,and reproducibility during logic operations.Our work demonstrates programmable and scalable spin-logic functions in a single device,offering a new approach for spin-logic operations in an IMC architecture.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62276032,32072016)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(ASTIP)of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences。
文摘Automatic collecting of phenotypic information from plants has become a trend in breeding and smart agriculture.Targeting mature soybean plants at the harvesting stage,which are dense and overlapping,we have proposed the SPP-extractor(soybean plant phenotype extractor)algorithm to acquire phenotypic traits.First,to address the mutual occultation of pods,we augmented the standard YOLOv5s model for target detection with an additional attention mechanism.The resulting model could accurately identify pods and stems and could count the entire pod set of a plant in a single scan.Second,considering that mature branches are usually bent and covered with pods,we designed a branch recognition and measurement module combining image processing,target detection,semantic segmentation,and heuristic search.Experimental results on real plants showed that SPP-extractor achieved respective R^(2) scores of 0.93–0.99 for four phenotypic traits,based on regression on manual measurements.
基金Financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21503120, 21403126)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (2018CFB659)Innovation Foundation from China Three Gorges University (2019SSPY150)
文摘Pd-based nanocatalyst is a potential oxygen reduction oxidation(ORR)catalyst because of its high activity in alkaline medium and low cost.In this work,bimetallic Pd Au nanocatalysts are prepared by one-pot hydrothermal method using triblock pluronic copolymers,poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO19-PPO69-PEO19)(P123)as reducer and stabilizer,and heat-treatment method is applied to regulate catalyst structure and improve catalyst activity.The results show that the heat treatment can agglomerate the catalyst to a certain extent,but effectively improve the crystallinity and alloying degree of the catalyst.The ORR performance of the Pd Au nanocatalysts obtained under different heat treatment conditions is systematically investigated.Compared with commercial Pd black and Pd Au catalyst before heat treatment,the ORR performance of Au Pd nanocatalyst obtained after heat treatment for one hour at 500℃ has been enhanced.The Pd Au nanocatalysts after heat treatment also display enhanced anti-methanol toxicity ability in acidic medium.
基金Item Sponsored by National Basic Research Program(973Program)of China(2010CB630830)
文摘The medium-Mn steel with ferrite and austenite structure was rolled in the intercritical region down to dif- ferent rolling reduction. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the rolled steels were investigated by scan- ning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and tensile tests. It was found that the ferrite and austenite structure gradually evolved into an ultrafine structure from the random directional lath structure to lamellar structure with lath longitudinal direction parallel to the rolling direction with increasing rolling strain. It was found that the thickness of the laths was gradually refined with increasing rolling strain. The lath thickness is about 0. 15 9m stored with high density dislocations and the austenite volume fraction of the steel is about 24% after 80% rolling reduction. Furthermore, it was interesting to find that yield strength, tensile strength and total elongation of the 80% rolled medium-Mn steel are about 1000 MPa, 1250 MPa and 24%, respectively, demonstrating an excellent combination of the strength and ductility. Based on the microstructure examination, it was proposed that the grain refinement of the medium-Mn steels could be attributed to the duplex structure and the low rolling temperature. Analysis of the relationship between the microstructure and the mechanical properties indicated that the high yield strength mainly resulted from the ultrafine grain size and the high density dislocation, but the improved ductili- ty may be attributed to the large fractions of austenite retained after intercritical rolling.
基金supported by the grants from the National High-tech R&D Program(863 Program) on functional genomics of stress resistance and nutrient utility in rice(No.2012AA10A303)the National Basic Research Program(No.2007CB109001)+1 种基金Agriculture Public Welfare Scientific Research Project(No.201303008)the National Special Program for Research of Transgenic Plants of China(No.2011ZX08009-001)
文摘High-throughput SNP genotyping is widely used for plant genetic studies. Recently, a RICE6K SNP array has been developed based on the Illumina Bead Array platform and Infinium SNP assay technology for genome-wide evaluation of allelic variations and breeding applications. In this study, the RICE6K SNP array was used to genotype a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population derived from the cross between the indica variety, Zhenshan 97, and the japonica variety, Xizang 2. A total of 3324 SNP markers of high quality were identified and were grouped into 1495 recombination bins in the RIL population. A high-density linkage map, consisting of the 1495 bins, was developed, covering 1591.2 cM and with average length ofl.1 cM per bin. Segregation distortions were observed in 24 regions of the 11 chromosomes in the RILs. One half of the distorted regions contained fertility genes that had been previously reported. A total of 23 QTLs were identified for yield. Seven QTLs were firstly detected in this study. The positive alleles from about half of the identified QTLs came from Zhenshan 97 and they had lower phenotypic values than Xizang 2. This indicated that favorable alleles for breeding were dispersed in both parents and pyramiding favorable alleles could develop elite lines. The size of the mapping population for QTL analysis using high throughput SNP genotyping platform is also discussed.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC1906401-03)the Harbin Institute of Technology National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources Co.,Ltd.(No.GJS-YFLX202207280002)。
文摘Fe-N-C materials have received increasing attention,due to its distinctive catalytic activity.However,the Fe-N coordination number dependence of catalytic ability and mechanism for H_(2)O_(2)activation remain elusive.Herein,a series of Fe-N-C heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts with different Fe-N coordination number were prepared for tetracycline degradation.The results demonstrated that samples with Fe-N4 structure exhibited high activity.The excellent performance was mainly ascribed to the high adsorption capacity and the formation of superoxide radicals(•O_(2)^(−))catalyzed by Fe linked to pyridinic nitrogen.The intermediates and degradation pathways of tetracycline degradation by Fe-N-C/H_(2)O_(2)system were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).Furthermore,we applied our Fe-N-C catalysts to treat simulated pharmaceutical wastewater with high tetracycline degradation capacity despite high concentrations of organic matter such as oxalic acid and various ionic interferences.Our work reveals the dependence of the activation H_(2)O_(2)on the Fe-N coordination environment and the degradation mechanism of these catalysts.It provides insights into the prospects for tuning the catalyst in practical applications.
基金The Key Research and Development Project of Zhejiang Province under contract Nos 2016C02055-7,2017C02013。
文摘Larimichthys crocea is a marine fish species cultured in China.Short-term starvation is often applied to improve the quality of cultured L.crocea,and the expression of ghrelin in tissues of stomach,muscle,brain,intestines,liver,and kidney,involved in starvation response,under starvation conditions were studied to understand the effect of starvation on the expression of ghrelin in L.crocea juveniles.The ghrelin expression was tissue-specific,and expression was significantly higher in the stomach compared to other tissues(P<0.01).Additionally,ghrelin expression in different tissues changed along with prolongation of fasting.In the stomach,ghrelin expression levels increased gradually at the beginning of the fast,and then declined after eight days of fasting.Gene expression in the brain and intestines increased at the beginning of the fast,and then decreased with longer fasting time.Interestingly,ghrelin expression declined at the beginning of the fast,then increased with longer fasting in the kidneys and muscles.These results suggest that ghrelin is involved in starvation response in L.crocea juveniles.This study provids insights into ghrelin function and an important reference for the development of reasonable feeding strategies for L.crocea juveniles.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21877005)for financial support
文摘A continuous-flow synthesis of nitriles by Schmidt reaction has been developed.Using this procedure,a variety of aldehydes could be smoothly transformed into the desired nitriles in good to excellent yields.The mild reaction conditions and the flowing reaction system greatly improved the safety and make the reaction easy to scale up.
